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HARVARD COLLEGE
LIBRARY
■rf«i
I BOM THt BIQIEST 0>
JAMES WALKKK
iClAMof 18U
i^r^giil^ni of HarxHini ( lolUg^
1
, \
THE
CHURCH HISTORY OF
BRITAIN 5
//
PBOM
THE BIRTH OF JESUS CHRIST UNTIL
THE YEAR M.DCXLVIII.
ENDEAVOURED
BY THOMAS FULLER, D.D.
/
PBIBINDART OF 8ARUM.
A NRW BDITION. IN BIX VOLtJMRH.
BY THE REV. J. S. BREWER. M.A.
VOLUME V.
OXFORD:
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
M.WXV.XI.V.
y 3:.i- n:xi
"■ — v<
MM 7 1856
'<-
SECT. V.
TO
DANIEL HARVEY, ESQ.,
HIOH SHERIFF OF SURREY a.
/ am efficiently sensiUe of the great distance and diepropor-
tiim hftwixt my meannem and your u>orth, as at all other
ti$ii^^ so now especially^ tthilst you are a prime officer in
puilic employment. Despairing^ there/ore, that my pen can
produce any thing tneet for your entertainment, I have en-
d^^ toured in this iSection to accommodate you with company
Jittrst/or your converse ^ being all no meaner than statesmen^
ami most of them privy counsellors^ in their severed letters
€tbf/ut the grand business of ecmformiiy,
Giml in due time bless you and your honourable consort with
sueh issue as may be a comfort to you and a credit to all
^mr relations.
ERY strongly Leicester, (though at the a. a i«8a.
council-table politicly complying with -?. — 1-
the rest of the lords, and concurring diadpUne
always with their results when sitting ^l*|3J]J^
in conjunction with them,) when alone, !»«*'"»»^
^ ' ' III n >. »!
mi
Icmii
' [Arms. Or. on ft chief in.
4rnU*d Millie three cresoenU
ftrgent. Third ton of Thomoa
Harvey, esq. ftnd Jcian hit wife,
daughter tn John llftlke, enq.,
bcHh iji the county of Kent.
He was brother to tlie celc*
brated Dr. William Harvey,
who dinoorered the oircolfttion
of the blood, ftnd oiftrried Eli-
abeth, daughter of Edward
riTLLBft, vol.. ▼.
lord Montague, of Boughton,
Fuller's great friend. At the
Restoration he was made ningf*r
of Richmond Park, (i 7th Au^.
1660,) and HUM therefore uiu
doubtedly a giKxl royuliht. Af-
terwards he was employed as
ambassador at C^Histaiitinople,
ftnd received the honour of
knighthood. The year of his
death I h4%'e not discovered.]
B
ft The Church Hhfoty book ix.
A.n.itnj.enraired his affections in favour of the noneoii-
15 Elim, '^ ^
. -fonnists, and improvccl his power (at this time verj'
tKewrerai |i^reat With the queen) to obtain great liberty for
them. Hence it was that many bishops, active in
pressing subscription in their diocese, wlien repairing
to court were checked and snibbeil by tliis great
fiivourite, to their no small grief and discouragement.
Heartened hereat, the brethren, who hitherto had no
particular platform of discipline amongst theniHelves,
(as universally owned and practised by their party,)
began in a solemn council held by them (but whe-
ther at Cambridge or London, uncertain) to con-
clude on a certain form, as followeth in these their
decrees, faithfully translated out of their own I^atin
copy:
The Title thereof] riz.
u
THICHE BE THE THINGS THAT (iK) SEEM) MAY WELL
** STAND WITH THE PEACE OF THE CHrRCH.*"
7^he /)eeree^*,
'^ Let no man (though he be an university man)
•• offer himHt*lf to the ministry, nor let any man take
** u|N)n him an uncertain and vague ministry, though
^ it \ye offeriHl unto him ; but such as l)e calle<I to
•• the ministry by wnne certain church, let them
** impart it unto that cUunU or ctmference whor^of
•* thems«»IveH are, or else to some greater church-
*^ a88(>mbly ; and if such shall be found fit by them,
•• then let them be commended by their letters unto
• Tmler Mr. Wiicht't ^And• Dangrrou^ Fonitionii, p 46,
a man lyf the brotherhoo.-l ; [Hook III. c. 3.]
cit^ by Kishop Bancroft hta
• EKT. XVI. of Brikiin, S
•• the bishop, that they may be ordained ministers a'^*?*^'
- by him. Those ceremonies in the Book of Com-
•* moD Prayer, which, being taken from popery, are
•• in controversy, do seem that they ought to be
•• omitted and given over, if it may be done without
^ danger of being put from the ministry. But if
^ there be any imminent danger to be deprived, then
** this matter must be communicated with the classis
** in which that church is, that by the judgment
^ thereof it may be determined what ought to be
•* done. If subscription to the Articles of Religion
•• and to the Book of Common Prayer shall be again
•* urged, it is thought that the Book of Articles may
** be subscribed unto, according to the statute IS
^ Elixabeth ; that is, unto such of them only as con-
** tain the sum of Christian fitith and doctrine of the
** sacraments. But for many weighty causes, neither
^ the rest of the Articles in that book, nor the Book
- of Common Prajfer^ may be allowed; no, though a
** man should be deprived of his ministry for it.
^ It seemeth that churchwardens and collectors
** for the poor might thus be turned into elders, and
^ into deacons.
•* When thev are to be chosen, let the church
•* have warning, fifteen days before, of the time of
^ election, and of the ordinance of the realm ; but
•• eiipecially of Christ's ordinance, touching appoint-
•• ing of watchmen and overseers in his church, who
** are to foresee that none offence or scandal do arise
** in the church ; and if any shall happen, that by
** them it may be duly abolished.
^ And touching deacons of both sorts, (viz. men
^ and women,) the church shall be monished what is
** required by the apostle ; and that they are not to
bS
4 The Church History iook ix.
A.D. i5Hi.*< choofte men of castom and of course, or for their
♦* riches, but for their faith, zeal, and integrity ; and
** that the church is to pray, in the mean time, to
^ be so directed, that they make choice of men that
** be meet.
'' Let the names of such as are so chosen l)e pub-
^ lished the next Lord*8 day ; and after that tlieir
** duties to the church, and the church's towards
** them, shall be declared. Tlien let them lie re-
^ ceived unto the ministry to which they are chosen,
*• with the general prayers of the whole clmrch. Tlie
^ brethren are to be requested to ordain a distribu-
** tion of all churches according to these rules, in
^ that behalf, that are set down in the Sj/nodical
^ Discipline^ touching dwtsical^ prorincialy comiiia/^
^ or of commencemefits^ and assemilies far the whole
^ kingdom.
•* The classes are to be required to keep acts of
^ memorable matters, which they shall see delivere<l
to the comitial assenMi/^ that from thence they
may be brought by the provincial assemUj/.
Also they are to deal earnestly with |)atn>ns, to
present fit men whensoever any clmrch is fallen
** void in that classis.
'* The comitial assemblies are to be monished to
** make collections for relief of the poor, and of
** scholars ; but esjiecially for relief of such ministers
^ here aw are put out for not subscribing to the
** Articles tendered by the bisho|)s ; also for relief
^ of Scottish ministers and others, luid for other
** profitable and necessary uses.
^ All the pi'orificial synods must continually afore-
^ band foretiec, in due time, to ap|K>int the keeping
** of their next prorindal synods ; and for the send-
M
M
4i
ii
ctcsTT. XVI. of Britain. 5
"^'mg of chosen persons, with certain instructions, a. d. 1581.
"* unto the national synods to be holden whensoever — — ^—
** the parliament for the kingdom shall be called,
** tod at some certain set time every year."
See we here the embryo of the presbyterian dis-
cipline, lying as yet, as it were, in the womb of
episcopacy; though soon after it swelled so great, "^
that the mother must violently be cut before the
child could be delivered into the world, as to the
public practice thereof.
2. Many observables in these decrees offer them-Seroni
•elves to our consideration : Uoot on
i. That they were written in Latin, (whereof they***^*^**"
bad two elegant penners, Cartwright and Travers,)
shewing themselves no enemies to that tongue,
which some ignorant sectaries afterward condemned
for superstitious, counting every thing Ilomish which
was Roman, and very cordials to be poison, if lapped
up in Latin.
ii. Probably, as artists hang a curtain before their
works, whilst yet imperfect, so these synodists thought
fit in Latin as yet to veil their decrees fn)m vulgar
eyes, seeing nothing can be projected and ])erfected
together ; yea, the repetition of those words, ** doth
*• seem,** and ** it seemeth,'* (carrying something of
uncertainty in them,) sheweth these decrees as yet
admitted but as probationers, expecting confirmation
on their good behaviour.
iii. The election of the people is here made the
essence of a call to a pastoral charge, to which the
presentation of the most undoubted |>atron is calliNl
in, but ad corroborandum. As for institution fnmi
the bishop, it was superaddeil, not to complete his
b8
(i The Churek Hittory hook ix.
A i>«58». ministerial function in jK>int of conscience, but
• legally to enable the minister to recover his main-
tenance from the detainers thereof.
iv. Partial subscription is |K*rmitted to the Arti-
cles of Religion, viz. only to the doctrinal part
thereof, but none to tWose wherein discipline is men-
tioned, esjiecially to the clause at the end of the
twentieth Article, ** The church hath power to de-
** cree rites and cen»monie«,** &c., accounted by the
brt»thren the very sting in the tail of the locusts.
V, Those words, " If subscription shall be urged
** again,*' plainly intimate that the reins of episcopal
govenmient were but loosely held, and the rigour
thertH>f remitted, for the reasons by us fore-allegetl.
vi. Tliat churchwardens and collectors for the poor
are so quickly convertible, even in their opinion, into
elders and deacons, only with a more solemn and
public election, shews the difference betwixt those
officers to be rather nominal than real.
vii. By ** women deacons,*' here mentioned, we
understand such wdows which the apostle appoint-
eth in the primitive church to attend strangers and
sick i>eople, and which Mr. Cartwright affirmeth
ought still to be continued ^; although he confesseth
*• there be learned men think otherviise."
viii. Tlieir ''comitial assemblies," kept in the uni-
versities at the commencements, (vrisely they had an
eve on the two eves of the land,) were convenientiv
chosen, as safelv shadowed under a confluence of
m
|)eople. See we here, though the matter of their
discipline might lie pire Dirino^ human prudence
concurred much in the making thereof, as in ordering
^ In bit Admonitiont, p. 163, |. 1.
TEXT. XVI. of Britain. 7
a ** uaticmal syuod*^ always to run itarallel with the a. d. 1582.
paniament.
ix. Mention being made of ^' relieving Scottish
iBinisterB,'^ if any ask what northern tempest blew
them hither, know they quitted their own country
about this time, upon refusal of conformity, and found
benevolence in England a better livelihood than a
benefice in Scotland.
X. The grand design driven on in these decrees
was, to set up a discipline in a discipline, presbytery
in episcopacy, which, as appears in the preface, they ^
thought ^ might well stand vnth the peace of the
** church ;** but this peace proved but u truce, this
truce bat a short one, before both parties brake into
irreconcilable hostility.
Thus it is impossible to make a subordination in
their practices, who have an opposition in their prin-
ciples ; for though such spheres and orbs which agree
in one centre may proportionably move one within
another, yet such as are eccentrical can never ob-
serve equal distance in their motion, but will sag
aside to grind and grate one the other. But enough
hereof at this time, having jetted out a little already
into the next year; no offence, we hope, seeing it
makes our history more entire in this subject.
S. This year Robert Dickons, a Leicestershire a i»i«»-
youtli, but, it seems, apprentice at Mansell in^mticr^
Nottinghamshire, having parts and pregnancy above
his age and profession, arrived at such a height of
profaneness, as not only to pretend to visions, but
account himself Elijah, sent from God to perfect
some defects in the prophecy of Malachi. But by
God*8 blessing on the endeavours of Mr. Henry
B 4
8 T^ Church History book ix.
A. D. 1581. Smith, (whom his uncle, Mr. Briant Cave, thiB year
-!L_J!L sheriff of Leicestershire, employed therein,) this
heretic was reclaimed ^, renouncing his blasphemies
by subscription under his own hand, and, for aught
I find to the contrary, lived peaceably and painftilly
the remainder of his life.
Thecha. 4. This is that Henry Smith, bom at Witheock
Mr. Hanry lu Leicestershire, of a worshipful family, and elder
brother to sir Roger Smith, (still surviving,) bred in
Oxford; and afterwards became that famous preacher
. at St. Clement's Danes in London, commonly called
the ** silver-tongued Smith," being but one metal, in
price and purity, beneath St. Chrysostom himself**.
Yea, whereas generally the sermons of those days
are now grown out of fashion, (such is our age*s
curiosity and affectation of novelty,) Smith's sermons
keep up their constant credit, as appears by their
daily impressions, calculated for all times, places,
and persons: so solid, the learned may partly ad-
mire; so plain, the unlearned may perfectly under-
stand them. The wonder of his worth is increased
by the consideration of his tender age, dying very
young about fifty years ago •.
The dmth 5. I find three of such, who seemed pillars in the
Romish church, deceased this year: first, Richard
Bristow, Ixiru in Worcestershire, bred in Oxford, in
Exeter College, whence he fle<l beyond the seas, and
by cardinal Allen was made overseer of the English
< See Mr. Smith's Sermon F'liller, in 4to., 1657, and he
of the l«N»t sheep fi>und. prefixed a life to them, con-
^ [S*t* some account of him taining rery little information.]
in WcmkI'i Athen, I. ^63. and ^ About tlie year 1600. am
in StrTp(*'n Aylnier. p. 100. 1 am informed by hit brother.
JIiA M*rmona were collected by [In 1593. according to Wood.]
CO'T. XTl.
of Britain.
college, first at Douay, then at Rheims. He wrote a. d. 1583.
Wfoti in English, (humUi qtndem stUoy saith one of — ^ — —
Us own opinion ^,) but very solidly ; for proof where-
oC let hifl books against Dr. Fulke be perused. For
tlie recovery of his health he was advised to return
into his native land, and died quietly near the city
of London ^.
6. The second, Nicholas Harpsfield, bred first in The deith
Winchester School, then New College, in Oxford, HarptMi.
wiiere he proceeded doctor of law, and afterward
became archdeacon of Canterbury. Under king Ed-
imrd the Sixth, he banished himself; under queen
llmry» he returned, and was advanced; and under
queen Elizabeth, imprisoned for denying her supre-
macy. Yet such was his mild usage in restraint,
that be had the opportunity to write much therein ;
md, amongst the rest, his Ecclesiastical History, no
Ins learnedly than painfully performed ^ ; and, abat-
ing bis partiality to his own interest, well deserving
of all posterity. He wrote also six dialogues in
fiivour of his religion ' ; but, because in durance, he
durst not set it forth in his own, but under the name
(rf* Alan Cope. Yet, lest truth should be concealed,
ud friend defraud friend of his due praise, he caused
^ Piu. in Vito, p. 779.
f [18th Oct. 1581, according
to Wood. Athen. i. 211, who
ka» compiled ft rety ftccurate
arcnant of hi« life ftnd writings.
He wna the ftutbor of ft work
m coftftidermble repute among
thoae of hia own perauaaion»
entitled " MotiTm omnihua Ca-
** tholicv Doctrine orthodoxia
" cult4inlma pernecnaaria," &c.
Attrefaftti. 4to., 1608. To this
work a abort aooottnt of the
aatbor ia prefixed by Dr. Wor-
thington.]
^ [HiHtoria Anglicana Ecde*
aiastica, a primis gentis auacep*
Ue fidei incunabulia ad noatra
fere tempora deducta. Duac.
fol. 1632.]
i [Dialogi sex contra aummi
pontificatuif» monaaticie viUe,
aanctorum, aacranim imaginum
oppngnatores et |Meudo.mar-
tyrea. Antr. 1566. 4to., of
which aee Tanner a Biblioth.
p. 199.]
10 TJu Church History booi ix.
A.D. 158a. these capital letters to be engraved at the end of his
JL^book:
A. H. L. N. H. E. V. E. A. C.
Hereby mystically meaning, Auctor Hujus Lihri
Nicholatis Harpesfeldus. Edidit Vero Eum Alanus
Copus. He died this year, at London, in prison,
after twenty years' restraint, leaving behind him the
general reputation of a religious man •'.
ThedcAth 7. The third, Gregory Martin, bom at Macfield
ii«,fff^^ in Sussex, bred with Campian in St. John's College
in Oxford ; tutor to Philip earl of Arundel, eldest
son to Thomas duke of Norfolk. Afterwards he
went over beyond sea, and became divinity professor
in the college of Rheims ; died there October S8th,
and is buried with a large epitaph under a plain
monument ^
Uctarhis- 8. I shall now withdraw myself, or at leastwise
^SZarf. stand by, a silent spectator, whilst I make room for
far my betters to come forth and speak in the pre-
sent controversy of church government. Call it not
cowardice, but count it caution in me, if desirous
in this difference to lie at a close guard, and offer as
little play as may be on either side, whilst the reader
shall 1>ehold the masters of defence on both sides
engaged therein in these following letters of state.
Baronius, the great Roman annalist, was wont to
say, Epistolaris hhtoria est optima historia — " that
** is the best history which is collected out of let-
^ ters." How much of the Act« of the Apostles
(especially for the regulation of time) is contained
in the Epistles of St. Paul ! Of the Primitive His-
^ [l» >5^3» AOoordiDf to l [Pits.in Vita, p. 781.
Wood's Life of him, printed alto the aoeouat of hiai in
in tbe Athen. 1. 114. And Tba. Wood's Athm. 1. 113.]
Mr, 3S0.]
ciKT. xvu of Britain. 11
torj the most authentieBl part is what is gathered a. d. 158s.
oot of the letten of the fathers ; and in like manner
ten' want
of date 1
swered.
the tme estate of ecclesiastical affairs in the days of
qi^en Elizabeth may be extracted out of the fol-
lowing despatches, and their returns, exhibiting the
inclinations of their authors in pure naturals, without
toy adulterated addition, and therefore the surest for
others* instruction, and safest for my own protection.
9. But one thing I must clear in our entrance objeodoo
tkereoDy in excuse that these letters are dateless as[|^«"4Lit
to the day and month, a great omission which I have ^ ***** ■"'
•een in many originals, whose authors so minded the
Batter that they neglected the time; the present
dispatching of them being date enough to their pur-
pose, though now the want thereof leaves posterity
it a loss. A blue coat without a badge is but a
white coat in effect, as nothing informing the be-
liolder to what lord the bearer thereof doth relate ;
tod as little instructive, will some say, are these
letters as to the point of chronology. But be it
known that no reader*s stomach can be so sharp set
on the criticalness of chronology, but that, being fed
with the certainty of the year, he will not be famished
with the uncertainty of the month or day. Indeed,
as snch whose names are casually omitted in the
register may recover the truth of their age by a
comparative computation of their years who were
bora about the same time, so by the mixture and
comparing of these dateless letters with those having
date of secular affairs, I could competently have
collected and inserted the time ; save that I loathe to
obtrude any thing coi\jectural on the reader's belief.
Bat we must begin with the ensuing petition, as the
irroundwork of all the rest :
12 The Church History book ll
A. D. 1583.
a6£Ui.
•• The MiniBters of Kent to the Privy Council •.
miniiiBi"!
Thepeti- ^ May it please your honours, of your great miM
K«ntish ^ wonted favour towards the distressed, to conside
** these following : Whereas we have been called t
** subscribe, in the county of Kent, to certain Art!
•* cles propounded by my lord's grace of Canterbur
^ unto the ministers and preachers : the first con
*' ceming her majesty s authority ; the second con
•* ceming no contrariety to the word of God in tb
Book of Common Prayer and administration of tb
sacraments, the book of ordering bishops, priesb
**' and deacons ; and the third, that we believe a]
things in the book of the Articles of Religion t
be agreeable to the word of God. Whereupon a]
^ have most willingly offered to subscribe unto ih
•* other two ; and being pronounced in the opo
court, contumaces reservaia pcmay and so referre
to answer at law the llth and 13th of Februar}
" which we feared would be prosecuted with mud
*' trouble and no resolution to our consciences, w
^ amongst the rest repaired ^ith that careful avoid
ing, that we could, of oflTence to his lordship'
grace, to whom when we had the first day mad
" known some of our doubts concerning the fin
book only, (many moe in number, and as great i
weight, concerning the first and second, and som
concerning the tbinl remaining beside,) we hav
u[>on our refusal, and record taken by public nc
tar}' of one {H)int only from every {Nuticular refusei
which niove<l him thereunto, and one place c
** scripture adjoined without collection, or the reawv
» [8ee Strype'« Whitgifl. p. 1 23.]
i4
C4
ii
cinrr. xvf . of Britain. IS
* of the same, been suspended from our ministry ; a. d. 1583.
*• br which occasion, as we fear that that account '—
** which hath been made of the consequence of our
*'csiwe» both in public sermons and pronouncing
** of sentence against us, namely, that in denying to
" nbecribe to the two aforesaid Articles, we sepa-
*" fited ourselves from the church, and condemned
* the right 8er\ ice of God in prayer, and adminis-
** trmtion of the sacraments in the cliurch of England,
** and the ministry of the same, and disobeyed her
* majesty's authority, hath been intimated to your
*" honours. So we think it our bound duties, most
*" humbly on our knees to beseech your honours to
*kDow and make manifest in our behalf to her
"majesty, that which we before the Lord in sim-
** plicity protest : we in all reverence judge of the
** authority which is established, and the persons
** which were authors of those books, that they did
** not only speak, but also did highly to the glory of
**God promote the true religion of God, and the
** glorious gospel of Jesus Christ, and that we so
''esteem of those books, and there is nothing in
" them to cause us to separate ourselves from the
** unity of the church, which in the execution of our
" ministry, in participation of the public prayers and
*" facrmments, we have in our own example testified,
** and by public doctrine maintained ; and that the
** ministry of the word preached, and public adminis-
** tration of the sacraments exercised in this land
** according to authority, is, as touching the substance
** of it, lawful and greatly blessed of God. And
** lastly, that we have and always will shew ourselves
•* obedient to her majesty's authority in all causes
** ecclesiastical and civil, to whomsoever it be com-
14
77i# Church History
BOOK tX.
A. D.I 583.^ mitted ; and therefore, that as poor but most faith-
'** ** ful subjects to her majesty, and ministers of Jeeiui
•• Christ, the great cause we have in hand, and which
•* consequently (as we under your honour's correction
" judge) the necessary reformation of many things
" in the church, according unto Ciod's word, may
*^ have that sufficient hearing, as all causes of our
refusal to subscribe may be known, and equally out
of Ood's word judged of, and the lamentable estate
of the churches to which we appertain, with the
** hard condition of us, may in that manner that
^ your honours* most excellent wisdom shall find
** expedient in the pity of Jesus Christ, for the mean
*• time be relieved. The Lord Almighty vouchsafe,
** for Jesus Christ his sake, long to continue and
bless your honours* wisdom and council, to the
great glory of God and the happy government of
her majesty, and flourishing estate of this church
of England \
'• Your Honours* daily and faithful Orators*
*' The Ministers of Kent,
*' which are suspended from the
** execution of their ministry "."
The lords of the council sent this petition, with
another bill of complaint exhibited unto them against
Edmond Freak, bishop of Norwich, unto the arch-
u
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41
<C
" [One of the principal
morera of this addrets wai %
iQrbolent and conceit4^d pemon
named Dudley Fenner, who had
no cure, nor was a graduate of
either univermity. He was the
author of that farce, which
afterwards prevailed to a great
extent in this kingdom, of gir-
ing strange names in baptbm ;
such as J(Mf again, Frvm ahovr,
More Fruit, Du^i, Ike. S«^
Strype. ibid. p. 1 24, 137. where
the tracts of theae ministers are
summed up in a paper from
this man's writings.]
rr.KT. XV!. ftf Britain. 15
bishop of Canterbury. What his answer was there- a. d. i5«3.
unto the reader may inform himself out of the fol--J —
lowing letter :
^ To the Lords of the Council.
*^ Most Honourable,
** Upon Sunday last, in the afternoon, master The aidi.
^ Beale brought unto me, in your lordships' names, \^^Ui
•• two supplications or bills of complaint exhibited ^^^
** unto your lordships : the one by certain ministers
•• of Suflfblk ®, against their diocesan there ; the other
•• by fiome of Kent, against myself; with this further
** memage, that it was your desires I should come
•* to the court on Sunday next. It may please your
** good lordships to be advertised, that it seemeth
** fiomething strange to me that the ministers of
** Suffolk, finding themselves aggrieved with the
** doings of their diocesan, should leave the ordinary
*• course of proceeding by law, (which is to appeal
^ unto me,) and extraordinarily trouble your lordships
** in a matter not so incident, as I think, to that
** most honourable board ; seeing it hath pleased her
•• majesty her own self in express words to commit
** these causes ecclesiastical to me, as to one who is
*• to make answer to God, to her majesty in this
** behalf, my office also and place requiring the
** same.
*^ In answer of the complaint of the Suffolk men
** of their ordinary's proceeding against them, I have
"^ herewith sent to your lordships a copy of a letter
- which I lately received from his lordship, wherein
*" I think that part of their bill to be fully answered,
o [See Strjpe't Annab, III. 264.]
i4
16 The Church Hntory book ix.
A.D. 1583. "" and his doings to have been orderly and charitable.
?6 Eiri. ^^ Touching the rest of their bill, I know not what
to judge of it, neither yet of what spirit it cometh;
but in some points it talketh, as I think, modestly
*' and charitably. They say they are no Jesuits sent
" from Rome to reconcile, &c. True it is, neither
are they charged to be so ; but notwithstanding
they are contentious in the church of England,
^ and by their contentions minister occasion of offence
*' to those which are seduced by Jesuits, and give
** the arguments against the form of public prayer
used in this church and by law established, and
thereby increase the number of them, and confirm
^ them in their wilfulness. They also nmke a schism
in the church, and draw many other of her ma-
jesty's subjects to a misliking of her laws and
government in causes ecclesiastical ; so far are
they from persuading them to obedience, or at
least, if they persuade them to it in the one part
of her authority, (it is in causes civil,) they dis-
suade them from it as much in the other, (that is,
in causes ecclesiastical ;) so that indeed they pluck
down with the one hand that which they neem to
** build with the other. They say that they have
** faithfully travelled in {)er8uading to obedience, &c.,
^ and have therein prevailed, &c. It is but their
^ own testimony : I think it were hard for them to
** shew whom they converted from papistry to the
gospel ; but what stirs and dissensions they have
made amongst those which professed the gospel
^ before they were taught by them, I think it to lie
^ apfiarent. It is notorious that in king Edward*s
^ time, and in the beginning of her majesty's reign«
^ for the s|iace of divers years, when this selfisaroe
u
cc
i<
<t
<c
«i
u
<i
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<C
M
U
cBXT. XTi. of Britain, 17
•* book of public prayers was uniformly usod, &c., by ad 1583,
•* all learned preachers niaintaine<K and impugned '—
*• by none, the gospel mightily prevailed, took great
*• increase, and very few were known to refuse to
•• communicate with us in prayer and participation
** of the sacraments. But since this schism and
** division, the contrary effect hath fallen out ; and
•* how can it otherwise be, seeing we ourselves con-
** domn that public form aiud order of prayer and
^ administration of the sacraments, as in divers
** pointji contrary to the word of God, from which
** (as in like manner condemning the same) the
•* papists do absent themselves. In the latter part of
** their bill, containing tlie reasons why they cannot
•• submit themselves to observe the form prescribed
** by the book in all {mints, I wonder either at their
** ignorance or audacity : they say that the learned
** writers of our time have shewed their mislikings
** of some of our ceremonies. The most learned
** writers in our times have not so done, but rather
•• reprovinl the mislikers ; those few that have given
** contrary judgment therein have done more rashly
** than k*aniedly, presuming to give their censures of
*" such a church as tliis is, not understanding the
** fruits of the cause, nor alleging any reason worth
** the hearing, esi>eciaUy one little college in either
** of our universities, containing in it more learned
*" men than in their cities. But if the authority of
** men so greatly move them, why make they so
** small account of those most excellent and learned
" fiuhers who were the j>enners of the l>ook ? where-
** of divers liave seale<I their religion wth their
** bIcKKl, which none yet have done of the impugnurs
"" of the book. The po|Ks say they, hath changed
rt'LLEB, vol.. V. r
*4
4C
18 The Church HUiary
A.D. 1583. ^ his ojficiuni B. Maria, &c. And so it is ;
" is there any man that doubteth but the ]
** Common Prayer may also be altered, if tl
pear good cause why to those in authorit
the po|>e will not suffer that officium B,
*' &c. to be preached against, or any {Nirt
•* till it was by public order reformed ; neit
^ he confess that he hath reformed it in tqa
" any errors, but such only as did creep in
^ said book through private men's affe<*tions,
** authority. Therefore that argument is
them, and only used by them, as it seen
contempt ; the rest is frivolous, and argue
presumption in writing this to so honou
** board of so worthy and godly a book, whi<
'* an hundred learned men to justify it for 0
** will impugn it. And thus nmch concemii
** which I have written rather to satisfy yoi
ships, than that I thought the matter woi
labour. The complaint which those of Ken
of my own diocese, and by oath bound tc
canonical obedience) have exhibited unt
lordsliips, doth make me more to wond
they, most of them l)eing unlearned and
^ (such as I would be loath to admit into th*
*• try, if they were not aln^afly admitted th<
** much less to allow as preachers,) dare prei
^ bring my doings against them into questioi
^ your lordshi|Mi, seeing I have done noth
•• that which God, the law, her m^esty, \
** duty forreth me unto; dealing with them
** an archbishop with the inferior sort of the
** nor as a master of a college with his felh
** an a magistrate with his inferiors* but as )
ctXT. XTl. nf Uriitnn. 19
**aiid a brother, which, as I think, hath so puffed a. d. 1583.
** them up, and caused them to be so presumptuous.
** They came to me unsent for, in a multitude, which
•* I reproved, because it imported a conspiracy, and
*^ bad the shew of a tumult or unlawful assembly.
^ Notwithstanding I was content to hear their com-
'^ plaint ; I spent with them the whole afternoon,
** from two of the clock till seven, and heard their
•• reasons, whereof some were frivolous and childish,
^ 0ome irreligiouft, and all of them such as gave me
^ occasion to think that they rather sought quarrel
** against the book, than to be satisfied ; which in-
•• deed is true, as appeareth by some of their own
^ confessions, which 1 am able to shew when I shall
•* be thereunto urged. The two whole days following
^ I spent likewise, for the most part, in dealing
** severally with them, requiring them to give unto
•• me the chief and principal of their reasons which
^ moved them not to subscribe, meaning to hear
** them in the rest if 1 could have satisfied them in
^ it, or else not to spend any further time ; which
** reasons (if I may so term them) they gave unto
^ me, and I have and mean to make known when
•• occasion shall serve. "WTiereas they say in their bill
** that the public administration of the sacraments in
^ this land is, as touching the substance of it, lawful,
•• 4cc^ they say no more than the |>apists themselves
^ do confess, and in truth they say nothing in effect
^ to that wherewith they are chargetl ; and yet there-
•• in they are contrary to themselves, for they have
"* pretended matter of substance against the book.
** But of what spirit cometh it that they, being no
** otherwise than they are, dare to the greatest autho-
"* rity in this Und next to her m^festy so boldly oflbr
c8
C4
44
44
44
•4
44
M
C4
SO The Church HUtory book tx.
A.D. 1583- '* themselves, thus to reason and dispute, as in their
" bill they vaunt against the state established in
matters of religion, and against the book so learn-
edly and painfully ])enned, and by so great autho-
rity from time to time confirmed. It is not for me
** to sit in this place, if every curate iiithin my
** diocese or province may be permitted so to use
** me ; neither is it possible for me to perform the
duty which her majesty looketh for at my hands,
if I may not without interruption proceed in exe-
cution of that which her highness hath esfiecially
committed unto me. Tlie gospel can take no
success, neither the number of papists be dimi-
** nished, if unity be not procured ; which I am not
** in doubt in short time to bring to pass, without
** any great ado or inconvenience at all, if it be not
** hindered. The number of those which refuse to
** subscribe is not great ; in most parts of my pro-
" vince not one, in some very few, and in some none,
** whereof many also and the greater part are un-
learned and unworthy the ministry. In mine own
little diocese in Canterbury threescore preachers
•* and above have subscribed ; whereas there are not
" ten worthy the name of preachers which have as
** yet refused, and most of them also not allowed
** preachers by lawful authority ; and so I know it
*• to be in all other dioceses within my province, the
•• diocese of Norwich only excepted ; wherein never-
*' theless the number of the disordered is far less
^ than the numlx^r of such as are obeilient and
•• quietly dis|WVsed. Now if these few disonlered
•' (which the church may well s{>are, having meeter
^ men to place in their nioms) shall be countenanced
*" against the Ix^st, the wisest in all respects* the
•4
€4
CENT. XVI. of Britain, 21
••worthiest, and in effect the whole state of the a. 0.1583.*
•• clergy, it will not only discourage the dutiful and 1-
*• obedient persons, but so increase the schism, that
•* there will never hereafter be hope of appeasing
•• the same. This disordered flocking together of
•• them at this time from divers places, and gadding
^ from one to another, argueth a conspiracy amongst
^ them, and some hope of encouragement, and of
•• prevailing ; which I am persuaded is not meant,
** nor shall ever be by me willingly consented unto.
^ Some of them have already, as 1 am informed,
•* bruited abroad that your lordships have sent for
•• me to answer their complaints, and that they hope
" to be delivered ; wherein I know they report un-
^ truly, as the manner is, for 1 cannot be persuaded
•• that your lordships have any such intent as to
^ make me a party, or to call my doings into ques-
*• tion, which from her majesty are immediately com-
•• mitted unto me, and wherein, as I suppose, I have
*• no other judge but herself. And forasmuch as I
** am by God and her majesty lawfully, without any
•• ordinary or extraordinary or unlawful means, called
•• to this place and function, and appointed to be
"• your pastor, and to have the greatest charge over
•• you in matters pertaining to the soul, I am the
•• more bold to move and desire you to aid and assist
•* me in matters belonging to my office ; namely, such
•* as appi^rtain to the quietness of the church, the ,
•* credit of religion established, and the maintenance
"of the laws made for the same. And here I do
•• protest and testify unto your lonlships, that the
** three Articles whereunto they arc move<l to sub-
- scribe arc such as I am rcady by learning to defend,
•* in manner and form as they arc set down, against
cS
93L
The Church Hintary
BOOI IX.
i>* 15^3- ^ all mislikers thereof in Enirland or elsewhere. And
— '—^ *• thus desiring your lordships to take this my answer
in good party and to forbear my coming thither in
resi>ect of this advantage that may be taken thereof
^' by these wayward p^^rsons, I beseech Almighty
** God long to prosper you.
cc
(4
«t
Your good Lordships* in Christ,
" John Cantuar.'
The cha- Who this Mr.Bcale was who brought these letters,
53J![*Bie. ^® worthy our inquir)-. I find his Christian name
bi^i ht the ^'^^' ^^^ office clcrk of the council, his abilities
wii^ very great, as may api)ear by the public negociations
wherein he was employed ; for he was joined wth
sir William Winter, anno 1576, in a commission to
the Zealanders, about their reprisals ; and again, anno
1583, he was sent to the queen of Scots, shar|>ly to
expostulate with her eoiiceming some querulous
letters. Well knew queen Elizabeth what tools to
use on knotty timber, our author giving Mr. Beale
this character, that he was homo rehemefis, et austere
acerhns p, — an eager man, and most austerely bitter.
His affections wen* wholly presbyterian, and I behold
him as one of the best friends (of the second magni-
tude) that party had. What he wanted in authority.
P C:imdeiii Klisjibetha. p.
359. [He wan a tnnn of more
aeml than dincrction. He ad-
x\mi\ (!ecil thai the imrliamenta
under queen Mary nhould be
declared void, the title of .Vm.
prrmr Head havin;; been left
out of th«* kuninionN ; which
eouuM'l Cecil Tvry wiMflr reject-
ed. Her Rumet. II. 75V He
waa alao a very bitter enemy to
Mar}' queen of Scota, treating
her with much indecent aere-
ritv, for which he afterwmrdt
fell into dis^n^ce. He baa
given lome ucc«>unt both of
himiielf and hi* foreign em.
filoymentfi in a letter In the
ord tre:t«iurer, printed in
Stry|»e'ii Annala, I v. p. 8j.1
c EJiT. XVI. ofBriUiin. 28
be had in actmty on their sides ; and what influence a. d. 1584.
•ometimes the hands have on the head (I mean no- L
tarie9 on the jadges themselves) at comicil-board,
others maj conjecture. He either compiled or coun-
tenanced a book made against the bishops ; and the
reader maj receive a further confirmation of his
character herein from the following complaint :
** To the Lord Treasurer *».
•* My singular good Lord,
*• I have borne much with Mr. Beale's i n tempo- AixAWdiop
^ rate speeches, unseemly for him to use, though nothisiettar
•• in respect of myself, yet in respect of her majesty jJJ^Jf "'
*• whom he serveth, and of the laws established, ^^**cir.'
** whereunto he ouffht to shew some duty. Yester-"**^"^.
^ "^ ward* bim.
•* day he came to my house, as it seemed to demand
•* the book he delivered unto me ; I told him that
** the book was written to me, and therefore no
•* rt*ason why he should require it again, especially
•• seeing I was assured that he had a copy thereof,
•' othemise I would cause it to be written out for
^ him ; whereupon he fell into very great passions
•* with me (which I think was the end of his coming)
•* for proceeding in the execution of his Articles, &C.,
* and told me in effect that I would be the over-
•• throw of this church, and a cause of tumult, with
•* many other bitter and hard speeches, which T heard
"* patiently, and wished him to consider with what
•• spirit he was moved so to say ; for I said it cannot
•* be by the Spirit of God, Ixjcause the Spirit of (lod
** worketh in men humility, patience, and love, and
^ [A more correct copy of part of this letter will be found
!■ Suype'ft Whttgift. p. 147.1
C4
S4 The Church Hutory book ix.
A.D.IS84.** your words declare you to be very arrogant^ proud,
- - ** impatient, and uncharitable. Moreover the Spirit
•* of God moveth men to hear the word of God with
^ meekness, &c. ; and you have almost heard with
•* disdain every sermon preached before her majesty
** this Lent, gibing and gesting openly thereat even
** in the sermon time, to the offence of manv, and
ft
** especially at such sermons as did most commend
^ her majesty and the state, and moved the auditory
** to obedience ; which he confessed and justified,
^ accusing some of the preachers of false doctrine
** and wrong allegations of scripture, &c. Then he
^ began to extol his book % and said we were never
•• able to answer it, neither for the matter of divinity
^* nor yet of law. I told him, as the truth is, that
*' there was no great substance in the book, that it
^ might be very soon answered, and that it did
^^ appear neither his divinity nor law to be great.
•* I further wished him to be better advised of his
^ doings, and told him indeed that he was one of the
*• principal causes of the waywanlness of divers, be-
" cause he giveth encouragement to divers of them
** to stand in the matter, telling them that the Arti-
*• clos shall Ix? shortly revoke<l by the council, and
^* that my hands shall be stopped, &c. ; which saying
" is spread alm>ad alnwly in ever)' place, and is the
** only cause why many forlK»ar to sul>s(*ril>e ; which
** is true, neither couhl he denv it. All this while I
*• talke<I with him privately in the up|KT |Mirt of my
** gallery, my Ion! of Winclienter and divers strangers
** iKMiig in the other part thereof; but Mr. Ileale
^ iH'ginning to extend his voict> that all might hear,
r [.S«r MO aUtmct (it iu ccmtenu in Strype'n Whitgtfl. p, 143.]
CEVT. xvi. of Britain. 25
•* I began to break off; then he, being more and a. d. 1584.
* more kindled, very impatiently uttered very proud ^—
"" and contemptuous speeches in the justifying of his
** book and condemning of the orders established, to
•* the oflfence of all the hearers ; whereunto (being
*• Tery desirous to be rid of him) I made small an-
•* «wer, but told him that his sjieeches were intole-
** rable, that he forgat himself, and that I would
•• complain of him to her majesty; whereof he seemed
** to make small account, and so he departed in great
** beat. I am loath to hurt him, or to be an accuser,
* oritber will I proceed therein further than your
** lordship shall think it convenient ; but T never was
** abused more by any man, at any time in my life,
** than I have been by him since my coming to this
•• place, in hardness of speech for doing my duty, and
•• for all things belonging to my charge. Surely, my
*• lord, this talk tendeth only to the increasing of the
^ eootention, and to the animating of the wayward
"* ID their way wanlness, casting out dangerous speeches
*^ as though there were likelihood of some tumult in
"^ refi[>ect thereof; whereas in truth, God be thanked,
•* the matter groweth to greater quietness than I
•• think he wisheth, and wll be soon quieted if we
•* be let alone, and they not otherwise encouraged.
** It seemeth he is some way discontented, and would
•* work bis anger on me. The tongues of these men
- taste not of the Spirit of God. Your lordship
** seeth how bohl I am to impart unto you my
•* private causes. Truly if it were not that my con-
*" Mcifuce is settled in these matters, and that I am
" fiilly iiersuailed of the necessity of these procinnl-
"• ings in renpcvt of the |>eace of the church and due
** observation of God's laws, and that 1 received great
126
The Church HMtory
■OOS IX.
«4
c«
A.u. 1584. ^ comfort at her mi^esty's haod, (as I did moat effec-
Ji^. •' tually at my last being at the court,) and that 1
'' were assured of your lordship's coDStancy in the
cause, and of your unmovable good-will towards
me, I should l)e hardly able to endure so great a
^ burden, which now, I thank God, in respect of the
*' premises seemeth easy unto me, neither do I doabt
*' but God will therein prosper me. Thus being de-
'* sirous to impart this matter to your lordship, to
*' whose consideration I leave it, I commit you to
** the tuition of Almighty God.
"* [From my house at Lambeth, May 6th, 1584.]
•* John Cantuar.*
Nor have I aught else to say of this Mr. Beale*,
but that afterwards I find one of his name and qua-
lity dying I6OI S and buried in London, at Ailhallows
in the Wall who by all proliability should be the
same ])erson. Now that the presbyterian party was
not unfriended at the council-board, but had those
there which (either out of dictates of their conscienee,
or reasons of state, or reflections on their private
interests) endeavoured to mitigate the archbishop's
pn>ceeding8 against them, let their ensuing letter to
him be perused ":
• [Stryjje Iim fpven several
inttanccn of the Tulgtr imper-
tinence and conceitedneM <»f
thin man. Hee particularlv the
LifeofWhit^ft. p. 14S.]'
^ HoU*rt lk*ale, esq. 8t4»w't
Surrey of Lcmtlun. p. 183.
• [Thi» K'tter waii directed
to Ayluier. biahop of London,
an well an to the archbi»hop.
A more c«>rrect C(»nv of it in
printed ia Murrpe't Whitgilt, p.
166. But in justificatioii of
Fuller*t accuracy, it mmt be
obnerved that in general todi
letti^m which he hait printed,
and which I have had an oppor*
tunity of comparing with tlie on*
ginaln. are given verv euictlj ;
and thene lettem. which he pro.
fenes to have extracted trooi
Whitgift's copy-book, are pro.
bably an correctly printed aa
the rest, although the? difcr
ctjiT. XVI. of Brkmn, 27
*" After our hearty commendations to both jourA. D.1584.
" ioffdaiiips, although we have heard of late times— — -^
'fundrr complaints out of divers countries of thisooun^w
** realm, of some proceedings against a great number ^^^^^op,
•* of eccle«aslicml persons, some parsons of churches, |j/^^<J^
** some vicars, some curates, but all preachers ; where- *»™»*^
•* by some were deprived of their livings, some sus-
** pended from their ministry and preaching : yet we
*" have forborne to enter into any particular exanii-
** nation of such complaints, thinking that howsoever
** inferior officers (as chancellors, commissaries, arch-
** deacons, and such-like, whose offices are of more
^ vmiue and profit by such-like kind of proceedings)
^ might in such sort proceed against the ministers
** of the church, yet your lordship, the archbishop
•• of that province of Canterbury, have besides your
^ general authority some particular interest in the
*^ present jurisdiction of sundry bishoprics vacant.
** And you also, the bishop of London, both for your
** own authority in your diocese, and as head com-
** miaaioner ecclesiastical, would have a pastoral [re-
** gmrd] over the particular officers, to stay and tem-
^ per them in their hasty proceedings against the
"^ minifters, and especially against such as do ear-
^ oeiUy profess and instruct the people against the
** dangerous sects of papistry ; but yet of late, hear-
^ mg of the lamentable estate of the church in the
** coonty of Essex, that is, of a great number of
** semlotis and learned preachers there suspended
"• fiom their cures, the vacancy of the places for the
from Btrjpe's copin. The drafts ; and mucIi diHcrejuincies
is erident : Strvpe tran- are not unuitual. See the let*
tbe original t which were tern of Fox in the former pagea
actnmlhr aeni to the different of thin Hi»torv.l
; Fuller the rough
u
S8 77U Ckureh Hittorf book tx
•^^•"384. •* most part, without any niinistiy of preaching;
** prayers, and sacraments, and in some places oj
certain ap[>ointed to those void rooms, being per
sous neither of learning nor of good name« and in
other places of that county a great number ol
** parsous occupying the cures being notoriously
*" unfit, most for lack of learning, many charged 01
** chargeable with great and enormous faults, ai
^ drunkenness, filthiness of life, gaming at cards,
*' haunting of alehouses, and such-like, against whom
^ we hear not of any proceedings, but that they are
** quietly suffered, to the slander of the church, to
** the offence of good people, yea to the famishing of
'' them for lack of good teaching, and thereby dan-
** gerous to the subverting of many weaklings from
** their duties to God and the queen's majesty, by
*' si'cret Jesuits and counterfeit ])apists; and having
'* thus in a general sort heard out of many parts, of
*' the like, of this lamentable estate of the church, yet
** to the intent we should not be deceived with the
generality of re|K)rts, we sought to be informed of
some particulars, namely, of some parts of Kmex ;
^* and having received the same credibly in writing, we
'' have thought it our duties to her majesty and the
** realm, for the reme<ly hereof, without intermeddling
'^ ourselves with your jurisdiction ecclesiastical, to
'' make n»|K)rt unto your lonlships, as |>ersons thai
** ought most 8{HH*ially to have n^gard thereto, as
** we ho|H» you will, and therefore have sent you
'* hen'with in writing a catalogue of the names of
** |K*n»<»ns of sundry natures and conditions; that is,
•* one sort. Inking reported to l>e learned, zealous,
'' and giHHl preachers, depriv(*<l an<l sus|H*nded, and
'* so the cun*8 not stTvetl with meet persons ; the
ciJfT. XVI. of Britain. 9Q
" other sort a number of persons, having cures, being a. d. 1584.
mt\ CI*
• in sundry sorts far unmeet for any offices in the !!l-
*• church, for their many defects and im|>erfections,
•* and so, as it seems by the reports, have been and
**tre suffered to continue without reprehension or
•• any other proceedings against them, and thereby a
" great number of Christian people untaught, a mat-
•• ter very lamentable in this time ; in a third sort a
** number having double livings with cure, and so
•* not resident ujwn their cures, but yet enjoying the
*• benefit of their benefices without any personal
*" attendance upon their cures. Against all these
** aorta of lewd, evil, unprofitable, and corrupt mem-
** bers, we hear of no inquisition, nor of any kind of
^ proceeding to the reformation of those horrible
•• offences in the church, but yet of great diligence,
"^ yea« and extremity used against those that are
** known diligent preachers. Now therefore we, for
*• the discharge of oiu- duties, being by our vocation
•* under her majesty bound to be careful that the
*• universal realm may be well governed, to the
•• honour and glory of God, and to the discharge of
•• her majesty, being the principal governor over all
" her subjects under Almighty God, do most ear-
** nestly desire your lordshi|)S to take some charitable
•* consideration of these causes, that the i)eople of /
•* the realm may not be deprived of their pastors,
^ being diligent, leame<l, and zealous, tlu»ugh in
•* M>me points ceremonial, they may seem doubtful
•• onlv in conscience, and not of wilfulness ; nor that
- their cures be suffered to he vacant without good
** |«stors, nor that such as l>e place<l in the rooms
•• of cures lie insufficient for leaniing or unmeet for
** their conversation. And though the notes which
so
The Church HtMtory
woom tx.
ii
M
U
(i
A.D. 1584. ^^ we send you be only of parsons belonging to
-! — ^— *' yet we pray you to look into the rest of the oonii-
'' try in many other dioceses; for we have and do
*' hear daily of the like in generality in many other
*' places, but we have not sought to have their par-
'* ticulars so manifestly delivered of other plaoea as
" of Essex, or rather, to say the truth, of one oomer
of the country. And we shall be most glad to
hear of your cares to be taken for remedy of these
*^ enormities, so as we be not troubled hereafter, or
hear of the like complaints to continue ; and so
we bid your good lordships right heartily farewell.
'' [Dated from Oatlands, the 20th of September,
1584.]
^' Your Lordships' loving Friends,
" William Burley,
George Shrewsbury,
A. Warwick,
"* R. Leicester,
" C. Howard,
" I. Croft,
*' Christopher Hatton,
•* Francis WALsmoHAM «."
44
«4
^ [Upon this letter, which
was procured froui the privy
council by the dincimtented
mtniiteni of KMex, princi|mlly
through the mediation of M»me
potent courtiem. who conceived
that they might lient pronit»te
their denigmi upon the church
liuids by diittering this discon-
tented IMrty, honest Stry|H*
makes the following olim^rva-
lion : *' This letter of the lords,
'* JO careful Jor ike good rslale
" f»f the church, was grounded
" chiefly, as we aee. upon sur-
" mises which they had takes
*' up from the infcurmatioii and
*' reports of the disaffected
" faction concerning the great
" abilities and learning of them*
*' strives, and the ignorance and
*' scandahms livca of the obcu
" dient and conformable clergy;
** which, however, %vaa in a
" gr(*at part false and uneha-
" riubly given out." The
weakness and ignorance of this
•elf-c«Miceited party has been
ciVT. XTi. of Britain. SI
Amongst these privy counsellors I miss one who a. n 1584.
WIS mainly material, namely, sir Francis Knowles, __! !!l-
tieasurer of the queen's household, and knight of
tfae garter, father-in-law to the earl of Leicester, and
no less considerable in himself than in his relations.
This knight being bred a banished man in Germany
during the reign of queen Mary, and conversing with
Mr. Calvin at Geneva, was never after fond of epi-
scopacy, and though now casually absent from the
eonncil-board, was a great patron of the noncon-
formists > . But see the archbishop's answer to their
letter*:
^ It may please your good lordships to be adver- The mreh.
- tised that I have received yoxir letters of the twen- Jjj^to'tha
** tiethof this month*, with a schedule inclosed therein, JIJ^^!,'?!!^"
** concerning certain ministers in Essex ; whereunto ^^
** as yet I cannot make any full answer, by reason of
•* the absence of my lord of London, to whom the
** letter is also directed, and the parties therein
^ named best known as being in his diocese. Never-
** theless, in the mean time, I thought it my part to
** signify unto your lordships that I hope the infor-
^ mation to be in most parts unjust. Certain men
* being in and about Maldon, because they cannot
^ have such among them as by disorderliuess do
^ best content their humours, did not long since in
** like manner, in a generality, make an information
ollffB eaough expoced. but tbey Burghlej, full indeed of crude
not cetied to repeat the notions and bad reaMining.J
£daeboodi against men ' [A more correct copy of
«ocb iriaer and better than this letter will also be found in
Irea.] Stry pe's Whitgift, p. 1 67 . ]
[In confirmation of this * [September.]
his letter to lord
«i
8S 7%« Church Hisiary book tx.
A.D. 1584.'' to the same eflfect, which coniinir to mine and
gr CI* ^^
1 " others' hands of the ecclesiastical commission, we
did direct our letters to some of the principal
of them by name, requiring them to exhibit unto
us, at the beginning of this next term now next
ensuing, the names of such offensive ministers as
** they thought to be touched with such dishonest
^ conversation, together with their proofB thereof,
•* promising on our parts to see the same redresse*!
*^ accordingly. It seemeth by this which is exhibited
now to your lordships they have prevented the
time, hoping thereby to alter the course. ^Vhere-
" unto it tendeth, I leave to your lordships' consider-
ation. Surely if the ministers be such as this
schedule reporteth, they are worthy to be griev-
•* ously punished ; and, for my own part, I will not
*^ be slack or remiss (God willing) therein ; but if
that fall out otherwise upon trial, and that they or
many of them, in respect of their obedience to
her majesty's laws, he thus depraved by such as
impugn the same, then T doubt not but your lord-
ship will judge those accusers to deserve just pu-
nishment. Tliis I can assure your lonlshipe of,
that my lord of London affirmed in my hearing
that not long since, upon that occasion that none
or few, at his or his archdeacon's visitations, had
at any time by the churchwanlens or sworn men
been dett»cte<l or presented for any such misde-
meanors as are now 8up|>osiMl against them. Of
the preachers which are said to be put there to
silence, I know but few ; notwithstanding I know
" those few to be vc»ry factious in the church, con-
temners in sundry |>oints of the i^cclesiastical laws,
and chief authors of discpiietness in that part of
il
«(
ii
««
i<
«4
4«
M
»«
«i
ciiTT. XVI. of Britain. 33
**the country; and such as I, for my part, cannot ad. 1584.
** (doing my duty with a good conscience) suffer
** without their further conformity to execute their
*^ ministry. But your lordships (God willing) shall
"* haYe a more particular answer to every point of
" your letter when my lord of London, who is now
" at bis house in the country, and I shall meet and
** have conferred thereupon. In the mean time I
"* trust that neither there nor elsewhere within this
•• province, either by myself or others of my brethren,
"" any thing is or shall be done which doth not tend
" to the peace of the church, the working of obe-
** dience to laws established, the encouragement of
*" the most, the godliest, and most leamedest minis-
** ters in this church of England, and to the glory
** of God ; to whose protection I commit your good
** lordships.
[•* Dated from Croydon, September the 27th,
- 1584."]
Now although we find sir Christopher Hatton
(for company's sake, as we humbly conceive it)
amongst the privy counsellors, subscribing for mode-
nUioD to nonconformists, yet we take him to be a
sealous stickler for the pressing church ceremony;
and although I look on the words of the Jesuit as a
mere scandal, when he saith that this Hatton was
animo catholicus^ (a ))api8t in his heart ",) yet I know
him to be no favourer of the presbyterian party, but a
great countenancer of Whitgift's proceedings against
them, as appears by the following address of the arch-
bishop unto him :
* Petrr UikNMlenrini in liih Appendix tu Stindem, p. 41.
rCLLKS, VOL. v. u
34
The Church Hisioty
BOOK IX
A. D. 1584.
a6 EUs.
TKearch-
biahop*t
rratiuatory
tetter
to tir
f'hristopber
Uattoo.
•' To sir ChrUtoplier Hatton ^
" Right Honourable,
" I give you most hearty thanks for that ma^t
" friendly message which you sent unto me by your
^' man, Mr. Kemp. I shall think myself bound unto
** you, therefore, as long as I live. It hath not a
•* little comforted me, having received not long since
unkind speeches where I least looked for them,
only for doing my duty in the most necessary bu-
^ siness which I have in hand ^. I marvel bow it
€i
U
^ [The principiil part of this
letter is in Stryp^e's Whitgift,
p. 224, who ha« given the date
of it to July 16, 1585.]
c [He refers to lord Bur-
leigh, a censure which that
statesman richly deserves, who
with his characteristic wiliness
was anxiuUH to press confor-
mity for political pur|K>ses,
though caring very little ab<»ut
it in a religious point of view.
Thus while at one time his let-
ttrs betray an anxiety for hav-
ing nonconformists punished
and brought before the bishops,
at other times he riHjuests that
they may not be molested ; de-
siring onlvto hhuffle off from his
own shoulders and from the go-
vernuient the risk and responsi-
bility of their nuniHhment. It
will lie sufficient to refer to
various po|H*rs put forth at this
time in proof of thin Ntateinent.
ThuH in a proclamation dated
Greenwich. Oct. 20. 1573. it is
statetl " that the quet*n'ii mu-
*• jestv. U*ing right sorry to
*' unaerstand that the order of
" common prayer is now of late
*' of tome men despised and
" spoken against, both by open
*' preachings and writinfla, and
" of some bold and vain cu-
" rious men, and other rites
" found out and frequented ;
" whereupon contentions, secta,
*' and disquietuess doth arise
** among her people, and for
" one godly and uniform order
'* diversity of rites and ceremo.
" nies, disputations and con-
" tentions, schisms and divi-
•• sions, [are] already risen :
" the cause of which disorders
'* her majesty doth plainly on.
" derstand to be the negligence
" of the bishops and other nuu
" gistrates. who should cause
" the good laws and acts of
*' parliament made in this be
" half to be better executed.
" and not so dissembled and
*' winked at.'*. . . . UpcHi which
the qu(H*n ctimmands them tn
put the act of uniformity &c.
m execution " with all dili.
" gence and severity, neither
" favouring nor dissembling
" with one i>er»on nor other.**
.... They are also to inquire
CCNT. XVI.
of Britain.
35
** should come to pass that the selfsame persons will a.d. 1584.
•* seem to wish peace and unifonnity in the church, '-
*" and to mislike of the contentious and disobedient
** sort, cannot abide that any thing should be done
*• against them, wishing rather the whole ministry of
*^ the land to be discountenanced and discouraged,
•• than m few wayward persons (of no account in
"* comparison) suppressed and punished. Men, in
•* executing the laws according to their duties, were
•• wont to be encouraged and backed by such, but
*• now it falleth out clean contrary. Disobedient
•* wilful iiersons (I wll term them no worse) are ^
^ animated, laws contemned, her majesty's will and
•«
«4
aad bmre tuch puniHhed as
Mglect coming to the common
pnjer &c. *' with more care
aiid diligence than heretofore
hath been done: the which
negligence hath been cause
*' why such ditorden have of
'* late now to much and in so
*' many places increased and
" grown." And in a letter
from the council, where the
mme things are urged in even
stfougei terms, and the bishops
are slraitly ordered *'to take
" a more vigilant eye to thi«
'* nniliNinity .... and to see
^ that in no one church
" there be any difformity. &c."
They then proceed to say that
*' ncHhing is required but that
" [the] godly and seemly orders
'* allowed by the queen's ma-
** jesty and the whole realm be
•• kept. The which, except ye
*' did %rink at and dissemble,
'* there needed not these new
" proclamations and straight
'* callings upon." Wilkins'
Cone. IV. 278-9. Indeed the
very same cumplaint which is
here made by Whitgift was
also made by his predecessor,
archbishop Parker, (see Strype's
Parker, 213, 226;) so that the
remark of Strvpe is perfectly
correct, in reference to that
archbishop, ** that he liked not
" the work, especially being
" accompanied with so much
" severity, but it was out of
" obedience t<i the queen, who
'* was continually calling upon
" him, and ordering the secre-
" tarv to write to him to
" quicken him. But finding
•• his own inability to do her
•• that service she required of
" him, he very often and ear-
** nestly sent to the secretary
•' that the queen's council might
" Htand by him with their au-
** tliority. Hut he could not
0
'• obtain hin desire ; thereupon
" he made a ^top in his pro-
*• ceedings." Mrype. ib. 226.I
d2
<«
<(
86 The Church History book ix.
A.D. 1584* ** pleasure little regarded, and the executors thereof
** in word and deed abused. Howbeit these over-
** thwarts grieve me, yet I thank God thej cannot
withdraw me from doing that dutj in this canse
which I am persuaded God Himself, her miyestr,
*^ the laws, and the state of this church and com-
^ monwealth do require of me ; in respect whereof I
am content to sustain all these displeasures* and
fullj resolved not to depend upon man, but upon
** God and her majesty ; and therefore your honour,
^ in offering me that great courtesy, offered unto me
^* as great a pleasure as I can desire. Her miyest j
** must be my refuge, and I beseech you that I may
'' use you as a means when occasion shall serve,
*' whereof I assure myself, and therein rest.
** John Cantuar.**
As for the lord Burleigh, such was his moderation
that both parties beheld him as their friend, carrying
matters not with passion and prejudice, but pru-
dently, as became so great a statesman. He was
neither so rigid as to have conformity pressed to the
height, nor so remiss as to leave ministers to their
own liberty ; he would argue the case, both in dis-
course and by letters, with the archbishop. Amongst
many of the latter kind, let not the reader grudge to
jieruse this here inserted •* :
TVcrm. *' It may plc*ase your grace, 1 am sorry to trouble
10 Uw mtIi. *^ you so often as I do, but I am more troubled
Mm0^i!d^i.^ myself, not only with many private petitions of
niiiialirt.
** [Tliifk lett(*r in not tii lt»r<l Muncum. So, jo2 (L). It is
Burleigh's hand, but in that of also printeil in Strype'a Whit*
bit trcretarj. now among the gift. Append, n 65. 8. Copy
LanMlowne MS8. in the British in the ^te Paper Oftce.]
ccNT. XVI. of Britain. S7
'^ioiidrj ministers recommended for' persons oFa.d. 1584.
** credit, and* for peaceable persons in their minis-
*" try, and yet by complaint to your grace and other
^yoar colleagues in commission greatly troubled;
^ bat also I am daily now ^ charged by counsellors
** and public persons to neglect my duty, in not
"* stajring of those your grace's proceedings, so vefae-
** ment and so general against ministers and preach-
•* era, as the papists are thereby greatly ^ encou-
*^ raged, and ^ all evil-disposed persons amongst the ^
** subjects animated, and thereby the queen's ma-
**je8ty's safety endangered. With these kind of
** arguments I am daily assailed ; against which I
^ answer, that I think your grace doth nothing but,
** being duly examined, tendeth to the maintenance
**' of the religion established, and to avoid schisms
** in the church. I also have, for example, shewed .
** by ' your papers sent to me how fully the church
^ is furnished with preachers, and how small a num-
^ ber there are that do contend for their singularity.
** Bat these reasons do not satisfy all persons, neither
** do 1 seek to satisfy all persons ^ but with reason
** and truth. But now, my good lord, by chance I
^ baTe come to the sight of an instrument of twenty-
** fbor Articles of great length and curiosity, formed
*" in a Romish style, to examine all manner of minis-
** ters in this time without distinction of persons,
"* which Articles are intituled apud Lambeth^ Mail
** 1584, to be executed ex officio merOy &c. And
*' upon this occasion I have seen them : T did recom-
** mend unto your grace's fiavour two ministers.
iffOBUH. aaodMi. L.S. 3 now daOir L. 8. ^ geomndlyU
S tmd &m. L. H. 6 paraoat amon^ tlw mm, L. S. 7 opon ll S.
08
«i
«4
38 The Church History book ix.
A.D 1584.'* curates of Cambridgeshire, to be favourably heard,
-— ** and your grace wrote to nie that ^ they were con-
'' tentious, seditious, and persons vagrant ^^ main-
** tiiining^^ this controversy; wherewith I charged
them sharply, and they both denied those ^^ charges,
and required to be tried, and so to receive punish-
^ meut. I answered that ^^ your gimoe would so
charge them, and then I should see afterwards ^^
what they should deserve, and advised them to
resort to your grace, comforting them that they
•* should find favourable proceedings, and so I hope **
** upon my fonner commendations the rather *^.
" What may be said to them I know not, nor whe-
" ther they have been ^^ so faulty as your grace hath
** been informed do I know ; neither do I mean to
treat for to favour *** such men, for pardon I may
s|)eak u|>on their amendment. But now, they
** coming to me, I offer ^^ how your grace® pro-
•• ceeded with them ; they say they are commanded
^ to 1)0 examined by the register at Ix)ndon, and
I asked them whereof. They said of a great '^*
numl>er of Articles, but they could have no copies
of them. I answered that*^ they might answer®
to the*-** truth. Tliey said that they® were so
^ many in number, and so divers, as they were afraid
•* to answer'^ them, for fear of captious interpreta-
tion. UjK)n this 1 sent for*-^ the register, who
brought mi* the Articles, which I have read, and
find HO curiously |>enne<], so full of branches and
ii
««
(i
44
44
44
44
0 thai (NN. L 10 «tt)(ntiic prt>imA S. 1 1 u> niainuiiii !» S. 1 j tfa«H> S.
I.) I thoiiicht L S. 14 aftrrwAitl* mv l*.S 15 bofird th« nthrr 1^. S.
ifi ih^ ruthrr (kn I. S l 7 i^r !«. >. t8 riitn«t )iNir l«N^l«lti|i fattmr to I^.
miiritc U*r fatiKir l«>r mu-Ii S*». \t} mid I rfftkiitg ii( ihrtii Ij. and I aaking^
ihen\ S ;o hath U K ?i ffjrut om l«. 11 ilirii I* S ij ar-
mrdiiH; Is. i^. I4 ihr **m. I« S. 2t tl»rrr I.. tlir\' S 16 10 L.
uniu K. j; ui S.
cciTT. VTi. of Britain. 89
*^ circumstances, that ^ I think the inquisitions ^ of a.\d. 1584.
** Spain use not so many questions to comprehend \^^^
^ and to entrap •* their ^^ preys. I know your ca-
"* Donists can defend these with all their particles,
** but surely under your grace's correction this judi-
** cial and canonical siftner ^ of poor ministers is
•* not to edify and ^ reform ; and in charity I think -
** they ought not to answer to all these nice points,
** except they were very notorious offenders in pa-
•• pistry or heresy. Now, good my ^ lord, bear with
•* my scribbling : I write with ^ testimony of a good
•* conscience ; I desire the peace of the church, I
•* desire concord •*^, and unity in the exercise of
•* our^ religion;! fear* no sensual and^ wilful
** recusant ; but I conclude that, according to my
*^ simple judgment, this kind of proceeding is too
^ much favouring ^ the Romish inquisition, and is > ,
^ rather a device to seek for offenders than to reform
"* anv. This was ^' not that charitable instruction
^ that I thought was intended of ^ these poor minis-
^ ters should in some few points have any scrupu-
^ I0U8 conceptions^ to be removed, this is not a
^ charitable way, to send them to answer to your
** common register, upon so many Articles at one
^ instant, without ^ commodity of instruction by your
•• register, whose office is only to receive their an-
•* swers, by which the parties are first ^ subject to
•* condemnation before they be taught their errors :
*^ it may be, I say, that ^ canonists may maintain this
•* pmreciling by rules of their laws, but though
iS M L. K. 19 inquiftiUirt I*, 8. 30 trap L. 3 1 and trap their 8.
3J «ftiiifr L. S. 33 or L. 8. 34 my good L. 35 a L. 8. 36 I
dninr «mcord em. 8. 37 oar om. 8. 38 favour L. 8. 39 or 8.
40 <i£ I«. 8. 4 1 is L. S. 4> if 1^* 8. 43 meec U. 8. 44 any L.
45 HMdr 8 46 U, as I taid, the L. 8.
D4
M
M
40 The CkmrcA /&lory looK ix.
A D. 1584.** omnia lieent^^ omnia mom ejrpedimmi. I prmj jour
— ** grace bear this, (and perchance a fiialt ^,) that I
^ have willed them not to answer these Articles,
^ except their consciences maj sofier them ; and jet
^ I have shaq>lT admonished them, that if they be
^ disturbers in their churches thej most be corrected ;
and jet, upon jour grace*s answer to me ^, ne Mutor
tdtra crepidamj neither will I ^^t faleem in aUe-
rius^ messem. Mj paper teacheth me to make
** an ^' end. Your grace must pardon mj hastj
'^ writing, for that ^ I have done this raptim and
** without correction. ^
*' Your Grace's, at command,
[1 Julv, 1584. J ** WiLUAM BUROHLEY."
One may saj, is not the hand of Mr. Travers in
all this? who, being the lord Burghlej^s chaplain,
bj him much respected, and highly affected to the
Geneva discipline, was made the mouth of the
ministers, to mediate to his lord in their behalf.
But it seems the archbishop had set up his reso-
lution, (calle<l constancj bj some, crueltj by others,
as they stand affected.) whose unmovableness herrin
will appear by his following letter:
•' To the Lord Treasurer*.
'• My HJiiprular go<Kl Liord,
^J*J^^^* '* In the very bt^ginning of this action, and so
»»w»<n»«»f ** fnm\ time to time, I have made vour lonlship
('4uil0Hiunr ' ■
10 th* lord'
UvMuivr'a 4; yri L. 48 onr (piTrhiim-r m) fault L. S. 49 I wiJi kmrt thtm to
IcCtrr. >(Mir MiUinnty* um Imnnntih uw l«. S. 50 uhemmm S, 51 rnftk* an
OM. I*. S. 51 that fMN. I^ 53 I Julii, 1584.
' [I^nnd. MS. No 42.orig. Sr«8trype'tWhitgift, App. p. 64.]
cxxT. xvL of Britain. 41
** acquainted with all my doings, and so answered all a. d. 1584.
''olgections and reasons to the contrary, as I {>er-
/
'ffoade myself^ no just reply can be made there-
** unto. I have likewise, by your lordship's advice,
** choeen this kind of proceeding with them, because
" I would not touch any for not subscribing only,
•* bat for breach of order in celebrating of ^ divine
** service, administering the sacraments, and execut-
*" ing other ecclesiastical functions, according to their
''fiuiciea, and not according to the form of^ law
* prescribed, which neither your lordship nor any
*" other ^ seemed to mislike, but to wish and require ;
'*tod therefore I am much troubled at your last
** letters, which seem so to be written as though
** joar lorddiip had not been in these points already
** answered ^. The complaints which your lordship
" ttuth are made of me, and ^ other my colleagues,
"^ have hitherto been ^ general, and therefore cannot
** otherwise be answered but ^ by a bare denial ; but
** if aay man shall charge me or them with parti-
** colarities, I doubt not but we are and shall be
** ready to answer them, and to justify our doings.
** My proceedings are neither so vehement nor so
** general against ministers and preachers as some
- pretend, doing me therein great injury ; ^ I have >/
** divers '® times satisfied your lordship therein. If
** any offence be, ^' it is in bearing too much with
^ them, and ^ using of them so friendly ^\ which
" causeth them thus, contrary to their duty, to trou-
"* ble the church, and to withstand me their ordi-
I thm L*. > of am. L. 3 l»]r L. 4 ociMn L. 5 and aatit-
iai L. 6 nf L. 7 hem hitherto U 8 than L. * 9 and L.
10 mtmirj U. 1 1 If I haw mny wmT oABoded L. 11 in L« 13 too
U
^
u
42 The Church Hutory book ix.
A. D.I 584. *< nary and lawfiil judge. The objection of encou-
** i^n? ^^^ papists &c. hath neither probability nor
** likelihood ; for how can papists be animated by
^' urging of men to subscribe against the pope^s
** supremacy ? and ** to the justifying of the Book of
Common Prayers, and ^^ Articles of Religion, *•
which they so greatly condemn ? Bat ^ papists
&c. are animated because they see these kind of
^ persons (which herein after a sort come in ^ with
** them) so greatly *^ so many borne with, and so
'* animated and maintained ^ in their disordered
*' doings, against both God's laws and man's *^^ and
** against their chief governors, both ^ civil and
'* ecclesiastical. This, I say, encourageth the papists,
and maketh much for them ^ ; the other is bat a
fallacy ^9 a non causa ad causam. O my lord,
*' I ^ would to God some of those ^ who use this
'' argument had no papists in their families, and
^ did not otherwise also countenance them ; whereby
indeed they receive encouragement, [and do be-
come too malapert. '^ Assure yourself* the
papists are rather grieved at my proceedings*,
because they tend to the taking away of their
chief argument ; that is, that we cannot agree
** among ourselves, and that we are not of the
** church, because we lack unity**. And I am cr&-
^ dibly informed that the ]>apists give encourage-
** ment to these men, and conmiend them in their
^ doings, whereof I have also some experience. Bat
C4
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<C
44
M
44
ffd !«. 30 aiMl iiMiiiUiiMVl aw. L 21 Uw !«. a \nnh om. I«. aj thfm ••
iiMUafhTt I.. f-«*r 24 fttlUji l«. 25 I <!«•. I4. 26 ilupin L. 27 [ ] crmami
n*ti in Is, 2N ih«i L Hf tUnnf% !«. 30 lark iinitjr, and thrrtCoM
41V tun (4 tht* rhiirrh 1^.
cur. XVI. if Britain. 43
"V these reasons and sundry others, notwitlistand-A.D. 1584.
• ing some will not be satisfied thereby "^^ I am sure ~ -1
'^ jonr lordship thinketh it not ^ convenient to yield
" onto * their wills, but unto their reasons •^. Touch- ' ^
■ ti^ the twenty-four Articles, which your lordship
"seeraeth so^ to mislike, as written in a Romish
'^stjle^ smelling of a^ Romish inquisition, I cannot
•* bat greatly marvel at your lordship's vehement
'^ speeches against them, I hope without cause.
•*•*' [The men are preachers, peaceable, your lordship
** smith, and that they are orderly, and observe the
^ books, as some of them say of themselves ; and
^ joa think it not meet that, being such persons,
•• they should be deprived for not subscribing only,
•* wherein I have yielded unto you, ^ and therefore
•• have caused these Articles to be drawn according
•• to law, by the best learned in the laws, who I
^ dare say hate the Romish doctrine and the Romish
^ inquisition, to the intent I may truly understand
** whether they are such manner of men or no as
•* they pretend to be, which I also take to be] •'*
- the ordinary course in other courts ^ ; as in the
•* Star-chamber, *^ and other places. [Sure I am it
'* is most usual in the Court of the Marches,
*• (Arches rather,) whereof I have the best expe-
•• rience.] And without offence be it spoken, I
•* think these Articles *^ more tolerable, and better
fing Hith the rule of justice and charity, and
J I wUI tuK Mtttfy ■onie L. 33 will not think it L. 33 unto tim, I4.
34 m ilk<ut rr%um\ L. 35 uiucli L. 36 the L. .^7 Vcrttit inter [ J
^i0*»m mm, I*. jS I do mtnt»Urr lluw urticlet unto thtnn* fninitHl hy thf»
Im haiiiwl in the liiw», hUo I ilare say hau* U>t)i tl t* Roini«»h dottriiit* and
RmmIi iiMiuiMtion, tii the intent that I nwy truly utidenund wh«*ihfr xSvpy
wv math OBMiner <if men «ir no m they pretend to !«, cnpecially M*einf( hy
pvKlir fame they are n<iced of the cnntnir\\ and one of thein pre»ented ll
J9 that i* 1^ '40 likewtte L. 41 the ctairt of the Man-hei 1^. 42 t4i
44 The Church HUtury booi is.
AD. 1584.'' less captious than those in other oonrta» because
— —L** " there men are ^ often ^ examined at the relation
of a private man, concerning private crimes, et de
propria turpitudine ; whereas here men are only
'^ examined of their public actions in the ^ public
'' calling and ministry,^ and much more^ in the
'^ case of heresy ; because the one toucheth life»
'« and ^ the other not. And therefore I see no
cause why our judicial and canonical proceedings
in this point should be misliked. Your lordship
•• writeth, that the two for whom you write ^
** |>eaceable persons, ^ that they ** deny the
'' wherewith they are charged, and desire to be tried.
Now they are to be tried, why do they refuse it ?
Qui male agiU odit lucem. [Indeed they shew
^ themselves to be such as I have before riiewed to
** your lordship, the most troublesome persons in all
*' that country ; and one of them, Mr. Brown, is
^ presented] for his disorders^ by the sworn men
'' of the '"^^ parish *'*^, as I am informed by the official
then*. Wherefore ** I beseech your lordship not
to believe them against me, either^ own words,
'' or ^ testimony of any ^ such as animate them
** in their disobedience, and count disorder order,
and contention peace, before they be duly and
orderly tried according to that law which is yet in
force, and in my opinion will hardly in these jimU-
'' cial actions be bettered, though some abuse may
43 mm M« then I*, 44 timm L. 45 thmr L. 46 wlMraoaio is
cunarirticp Uupy are Uiuiid U> answer L. 47 than I^* 48 mitd «». L^
49 tpeftk Ij. 50 ubtrrve the buuk Is. $ 1 perHoa, thai thttj «■. Lb
5J Utr hit diMirdvni am !«. 5j b» L. 54 lor his diMrdan Is. 55 I
hmre written naiUiiiiK to )r«Hir lonlahip i/ them which their own Mu
4kith not prove to he tnie Therrfure L. 56 upon their L. 57
the I*. 5S any en. L.
4(
«4
4«
<4
44
44
44
M
ciVT. XVI. of Britain. 45
"be in the execution thereof, as there ^, I else- a. d. 1584.
* where also ®, and that pemdventure more abund-
"iDtlj. Your lordship saith^ these Articles are
**! derice^ rather to seek for offenders than to
* reform any: the like may be said of the like
*• orders in other courts also ; but that were ® the ^
" fiuilt of the judge, not of the law. And I trust
''your lordship hath no cause to think so evil of
*" me : I have not dealt as yet with any but such
**•» have^ given evident® tokens of contempt of
** OfdeiB and laws, which ^ my acts remaining on ^
••record will testify®; and though® the register
•*do^ examine them, (as I think ^' other officers
''do in other courts likewise, and the law doth
" allow of it,) yet are they repeated before a judge,
** where they may reform, add, or diminish, as they
** think good ; neither hath there ^ any man thus
** been examined, or otherwise dealt with, ^ who
•" hath not ^^ been conferred with, or might not have
•• been if he would, ^^ these two especially ^^ ; and
•* if they have ^ otherwise reported ^ to your lord-
•* ship, they do but ^ antiquum ohtinere *^, which is
** to utter untruths ^^ a quality wherewith these kind
•* of men are ^ marvellously possessed, as I on ® my
** own knowledge and experience can justify against
** divers of them. I know your lordship desireth
- the peace of the chureh and unity in religion ^, ^
"* bat how is it possible to be procured, after so long
59 w ta o(h«r oourto Itkewtw L. 60 I ekewhere ako om. L. 61 that L.
^ 4mrwmA L. 63 thonJd be L. 64 rafuMd to •ubtcribe, and L. 65 ma-
mittm L. 66 which oot. L. 67 in I«. 68 with me L. 69 ahhough L.
70 4slh L». 7 1 I think OM. L. 71 there om. L. 73 or otherwiae dealt
with mmu Is. 74 before I^ 75 or mi|^t not hare been if he would am. I^
76 even untiJ thry had nothinf; to say L. 77 hare om. L. 78 report L.
79 they do but 0m. L. 80 ohHneni L. 81 and they report untruly I*.
is th» ■art ie I^- ^^ myielf <W L. 84 and unity in reli|pon em. L.
(4
u
4<
Ci
46 Th9 Church History bdok ix.
A. D. 1584.** lilx^rty and* lack of discipline, if a few pereons
^ "• '' SO meanly qualified as most of them are shall be
^' countenanced against the whole state of the clergj,
** of greatest account both ** for learning, years,
stayed ncfis ^^ wisdom, religion, and honesty? and
o|>en breakers and impugners of the laws, yoang
'* in years, proud in conceit, contentious in dispo-
sition, maintained against their ^ governors, seek*
ing to reduce them to order and® obedience!
Hac sutU initia h^reticorum^ et ortus atque comO'
** tus schisnuUicartivi male cogiiantiumt ut nbi pla-
ceantf ut pr<Bpositum superbo tumore comtemnamti
sic ab ^ ecclesia receditur, sic altare pro/anum eol-
** locatur forts ^^ sic contra pacem Ckristi et ordim^
^ tionem aique unitatem Dei rebeUatur^. For my
own part, I neither have done nor do ^ any thing
in this matter which I do not think ** in my ^
conscience and duty I am ^ bound to do, whicb
her majesty hath ^ with earnest charge committed
•• unto me, and^ which I am not* well able tc
^ ''justify to be most requisite for this state and
** church, whereof next to her majesty, though mo^l
" unworthy, or at '^ least most unhappy, the chief ••'
*' is committcil unto me, which I will ^® not, by tin
" grace of (lod ***^, neglect, whatsoever come upoi
*' me. Therefon* I neither care for '^ the honour oj
** the place, (which is onus to me*^,) nor the large*
** ness of the revenui^s '^, nor any other worldlj
X5 ihr 1^ H'» ImkIi out. \t. s7 iitnitliiirM L. 88 Mi|irrii>r« aiid L
8<^ it> I^ 90 <i> !«. 91 joru coitneniur \*. 91 neilhrr iki iwv hat^
«l<Nit* it. 9 1 iiiy««lf 1«. 94 my am. I*. 95 I am om. 1*. «^ ntA It
t^l thr I^ (/i ill !«. cQtrrrrtum, lOo tbr L. lOl rare L. lOi tnmr L
lo.i by thr f(nMi* i4 it«id om, L. 104 esimn L. 10^ lo me ffrm9%m
tmtu L. lo'* fur the wliirh I tun imh m yet one pnmy thr rirhvr L.
f [Cypri. li. HpiHt. 3. L. in m.]
cijrr. XVI. €tf Britain. 47
''thing. I thank God, in ^^ respect of doing royA.i).i584.
* doty, neither do I fear the displeasure of man nor ^
** the evil ^* tongues of the uncharitable, who call
* me tyrant, pope *^, knave, and lay to my charge
"things which I never ^*^ thought ^^^ Scio hoc
•• enim "^ esne opus diabolic ut servos Dei mendacio
** laceret^ ei opinionibus foists gloriosum nomen m-
^famet^ ut qui cotiscientitB siue luce clarescunt^ alienis
■ rmmaribus sordidentur ^. So was Cyprian himself
•* used *^, and other ancient and **^ godly bishops,
''to whom I am not comparable. The day will
"eome when all men's hearts shall be opened ^^^;
" in the mean time I will depend on **^ Him '^^ who
" never fotnkes "® those that put their "^ trust in
* Him. If your lordship shall ^^ keep those two
" ftom answering according to the order set down,
* it will be of itself a setting at liberty of all the
" rest, and of ^^^ undoing of all that which hitherto
*" hath been done ; neither shall I be able to do my
•* duty according to her majesty's ex|>ectation ^'^ ;
"md therefore I beseech your lordship to leave
•* them onto me. I will not proceed *^' against
" them till '^ I have made you *^* privy to their
•• answers, and further conferred %\ith you about
* them *'^, because I see your lordship so earnest in
* their behalf ; whereof they have also made jjublic
ftO; the I*. 108 r«i{;«nl tht* «» icktnl L. 109 |4ipi»t L. 110 did rmr
iti Wfmi L 112 mint i,m. L. 1 1,^ Tor the Miii»i> (^ii«*ii L. 1 14 ftnri<Mit
■rf «■ L 115 and nuide nmniff^t !>. 116 uptui L. 117 who hatli
ttlii air to thb jJarp L. 118 and will not foraake L. 1 ig put their
4«^ L. 120 do L. 121 oi am. L. 122 that whidi her mairstv
I at my bands, and i» now in ver\' )(oin1 uiwardneM L. 1 23 to any
L*. 124 until L. 135 ymir lordikhip I*. 126 thereof L.
b [Cypri. Epist. li. 4. L. in m.]
48 The Church Hintory moofL ix.
^' 5 V\?*^ *' boasts, as I am informed, which argueth what
" maimer of persons ^^ they are. I beseech ** your
*' lordship to take not only the length, but also the
*' matter of this letter in good part, and to continue
" to ^ me as you have ^^ done, whereof I doubt
not ^^ ; for assuredly if you ^^ forsake me, which
I know you will not after so long trial and expe-
" rience, with continuance of so great friendship '^,
especially ^*^ in so good a cause ^ I shall think
my coming to this place to have been for my
** punishment, and ^ my hap ^ very hard, that
** when I think ^^ to deserve best, [and in a manner
'* to consume myself, to satisfy that which God, her
'^ majesty, the church, requireth of me,] should be
so evil ^^'^ rewarded. Sed spero mdiora. And I
know your lordship doth all, as you are persuaded,
for the best. I beseech God long to bless and
44
44
44
44
44
" preserve you ^^.
** John Cantuae.** >**
It seems the lord treasurer took exceptions at
some passages heroin; I dare not say with those
that the letter was brought to him when he was
indisposed with the fit of the gout, which made him
so ofTendcHl. But whatsoever was the cause of his
passion, see some signs thereof in what followeth * :
127 uf what dupntitiim L. laS bcmrtUjr pny L. 119 tuno L.
130 hith<*rt4> Ia. i.?t wh^rmf I douU noc «n. L. 131 now L.
133 which I kiu>w you will imk lifter m kxiK trial and aiptritn««, witll cm-
tiiiuanrr vt mi great frimd»hip tmn. I*. 134 aiid that U. 135 m I know
yMi will tuK \*. i.;6 my rsnaiifij^ to thtt plaoe to hare hian for my pmirfi
VMfnu and am. X*. 137 t<» lie \s 138 hope I^. 130 I ■hnnJd be wnnc 1*.
140 and nvnmit myielf to ilit* Author of penes, whom I ht—ch to Mom mad
pn«p^ yoiir lordship. Fnim C'myd«Mt, the 3rd «/ Juhr, 1584. L. 141 T»
your lord«hip*t most lioiiiid 1^
[S#H» Stry|H**K Whitpft. p. 160. J
•«
rEMT. XVI. uf liritiiin, 49
•• I have received your jfraco's long letter, answer- a. i>. 1584.
**ing mindry speeches, as I think, delivered by your 11!L
" chaplain. Dr. Cosins ; and I perceive you are^JjJJ^,,
^ tharply moved to blame me and clear yourself. I "^ *^f«*
■ -^ -^ to the ardi-
*• know I have many faults, but I hope I have notbMhopi
** given such cause of offence as your letter ex-
" presseth. I deny notliing that your grace thinketh
*• meet to proceed in with these whom you call
** ftu*tious ; and therefore there is no controversy
•* between you and me, expressed in your letter.
** The controversy is fiassed, in your grace's letter,
•* in silence ; and so I do satisfy. Your grace pro-
mised me to deaK I say, only with such as violated
order, and to charge tliem therewith, which I allow
•* well of; but your grace, not charging them with
^ such faults, seeketh by examination to urge them
^ to accuse themselves; and then I think you will
•• punish them. I think your grace's proceeding is,
** I will not say rigorous or captious, but I think it ^
•* is scant charitable. I have no leisure to write
** more, and therefore I will end ; for writing will
** but increase offence, and I mean not to offend
•• your grace. I am content that your grace and
•* my lord of London (where I hear Braynej is) use
^ him as your wisdoms shall think meet. If I had
** known his &ult, I might be blamed for writing
*" for him ; but when by examination only it is meant
'* to sift him with twentv-four Articles, I have cause
^ to pity the poor man.
'' Your Grace's, as friendly as any,
" NYlLLlAM BrRLEIOH.'"
i [See Edwmrd ^'—yne'tleU 6th July, 1584, in the Lann-
tcrl»««t«Ci i,dmt4Hl downe M88. 103. art. 113 1
rou v. K
50 The Chunk History rook ix.
A.I). 1584. Short, but sharp. 1 see, though auger only resMh
in the bosom of fooh •', it may light on the breast of
a wise man. But no fear that these friends will
IX
finally fall out, who alternately were ])assionate and
patient ; so that now it came to the turn of Whitgift
to be calm, as he expressed himself in the following
return * :
** To the Lonl Treasurer.
44
My singular good Lord,
Theardi. " God kuoweth how desirous I have been, from
DlttlOp*t
calm tetter ^ time to time, to satisfy your lordship in all things,
mngry xrm- ^* And to liave my doings approved to ^ you ; for
** which cause, since my coming to this place, I have
•• done ^ nothing of importance without your advice.
'* I have risen early and sat up late, to write unto
you such objections and answers as were ^ used on
either side ; I have not ^ the like to any man : and
shall I now say^ I have lost my labour? or shall
*' my just dealing with two of the most disordered
ministers in a whole diocese (the obstinacy and
contempt of whom, es|)ecially of one of them,
you ^ yourself would not bear in any subjected
to your authority) cause you so to think and speak
** of my doings, yea^ and of myself? No man
*' living sliould have made me believe it. Solomon
** saith ^ an old friend is better than a new ; and I
** trust your lonlship will not so lightly cast off your
** old friends for any of these newfangled and fiur-
** tious sectarii*H, whose fruits are ^ to make divi-
M
<4
«4
44
I by I« a did L. .) mn L. 4 duoc L. 5 that L. 6 fou
I. L. 7 ff* MB. L. H my lord L. 9 rod«i«uur it L.
«■. L.
^ Ecckt. r'tu 9. ' iSer Stij|ii*'» Whitgift, App. p. 67.]
iEKT- XVI. ofBritaifi, 51
** sion wheresoever they come, and to *^ separate a. d. 1584.
*• old and a«i8ured friends. Your lordship seemeth
•' to charge me with breacli of promise, touching my
** manner of proceeding, whereof I am no way guilty ;
"* but I have altered my first course of depriving ^^
•* them for not subscribing only, justifiable by the^^
• law, and ^^ common practice both ** in the time
'• of king Edward and from the begiiming of her
'* majesty's reign '^ and chosen this, only to satisfy
'• your lordship. Your lordship also objecteth*^ that
* it is said I took this course for the better main-
" teiiance of my book *" : my enemies say so indeed,
'* Init I trust *** my friends have a better opinion of
*• me. \Vhat *' should I seek for any ^ confirmation
•* of my book, after twelve ^* years, or what should
•• I get thereby more than already^? And yet, if
*• subscription may confirm it, it is confirmed long
" ago by the subscription -* of all the clergy al-
•' most ^ of in '^ England, before my time, even of
•• Brain also, who now seemeth to be so wilfur**.
** Mine (*nemies and '^ tongues of this slanderous
'• and '^ uncharitable sect report ® that I am revolted
*' and * become a fmpist, and I know not what ;
*• but it proceedeth from their lewdness, not from
** any desert of mine •** ; and I disdain to answer to
•* any ^ such notorious untruths, which not the
•* liest of them dare avouch to my face. Your lord-
** «hip further seemeth to burden me with wilful-
10 10 om. I*, 1 1 deftUng with L. 1 2 ih« om. !«. i,\ in I«.
14 bach uM. L. 15 10 chif (Uy L- 16 y<»u aljio tihjut'i L. 1 7 agmintc
Canvriffai 1^ iK hope L. 19 Wliy !> 20 Mich L. 31 to nuny L.
la I haw K 23 almott L. 14 tSmoU om, L. i$ ai L. 16 and
•/ many of thi«c who now refuM, even iif Brain himself 1^ 37 the eWl L«
jA tiaiMieruu* and om. L. 39 alio L. 30 and om. L. 31 that un-
KodJy Mai which raniccli noc fj atmore 9ed fJt Hrorfj wherpwith they art pna-
' 1^ 31 any om. L.
e2
€1
<4
5S The Church Histofy iook ix.
A. D. 1584.'* ness: I am sure that*^^ you are not so persuaded
— * -'- •« of me; I will ^ appeal •'^ to your own conscience.
** There is •* difference betwixt wilfiilness and con-
*' stancy. I have taken upon me the defence of
•* the religion and rights ^ of the ** church of
** England ^^ ^ to appease ^^ the sects of ^ schisms
^ ** therein, and to reduce all ^ the ministers thereof
** to uniformity and due obedience. Herein I in-
** tend to be constant, and not to waver with every
wind ; the ^ which also my place, my person, my
duty, the laws, her majesty, and the goodness of
** the cause doth require ^ of me ; and wherein your
lordship and others (all things considered) ought
in duty to assist and countenance ^ me. It is ^
*' strange that a man in my place, dealing by so good
** warranties as I do, should be so encountered ^, and
** for not yielding to ^ be counted wilful. But I
^* must be contented ^, vincit qui paiitur ; and if
** my friends forsake me herein *', I trust God will
*• not, neither the law ^, nor her miyesty who
'' hath ^ laid the charge on me, and are able to
^' protect me ^. But of all other things it most
" grieveth me, if^ your lonlship should say that-*^
*' two ministers should fare the worse because your
*' lordship hath*''' sent them. Ilath'^ your lordship
*' ever had ^ any cause so to think of me ? It is
•• needless for me to protest my *® heart and aflfection
** towards you above all other men : the world
33 think L. 34 wiD om. I^ 35 thcrriD I^ 36 « L. 3" Him L.
38 thn L 39 vi £iif(lMid 9m. It, 40 th« rscrution of tlw mm% tern*
Mminif th« Mine L. 41 the AppeMing uf L. 41 and L. 43 the
rtdudiif MdU, 44 uid not to w«rer with rrrry wind ; the tm, L. 45 r»>
^Irifth L. 46 , M I Uk» it, to ■niit mnd h«lp L. 47 morp thaji L.
48 hardly ii«d L. 49 to om. 1«. co i mtut bt eontwUvd mmu \^
law OM. I^
51 hamn fonahr OM L. 51 nfithar tha law am, I*, 53 emr. ** ha««**
in L. 54 upon whom only I will daprad L. 55 that L/ 56 tha L.
57 you L 5S And L. 59 hnd aa. L. 6e food L.
CKWT. XVI. of Britain, 5S
"* knowetb it, and I am assured that your lordship a. d. 1^84.
** nothing ^ doubteth ® thereof. I have rather cause
•* to complain to your lordship of yourself, that
** upon so small an ® occasion, and in the behalf
" of tvro such ^, you will so hardly conceive of me,
** yea ®, and as it were countenance persons so
^ meanly qualified in so evil a cause against me,
•* their ordinary, and your lordship's so ^ long tried
•* friend. That ^ hath not been so in times past, ®
** now it should be least of all, [I may not suffer
^ the notorious contempt of one of them especially,
'* unless I will become JFjsop's block, and undo all
•• that which hitherto have been done. Well] ®
** because I would be loath ^ to omit any thing
** whereby your lordship ^^ might be satisfied, I have
*• sent unto you herein ^ inclosed certain reasons to
••justify the manner of my proceedings, which I
*• marvel should be so ^ misliked in this cause, hav-
^ ing been so long practised ^^ in the same, and
•• never before this time found fault with. Truly,
•* my lord, ^ I must'^^ proceed this way, or not at
** all : the reasons I have ^ set down in this paper ;
*• and ^ I heartily pray your lordship ^ not to be
•• carried away either from the cause or from myself
•• upon unjust surmises and ^ clamours, lest ^* you
•* be the ® occasion of that confusion which here-
•• after you would ® be sorry for. For mine own
•• part, I ^ desire no ® further defence in these
bi nochiiiK OM. L. 63 ii«ic L. 6^ aii «n. L. 64 and in ihe behalf 01"
iwo mMth 0m. L. 65 ywm om. L. 66 to am, L. 67 It L. 68 and L.
69 bat L. 70 to Imre ymir lordship unaatisfied or L. 71 you L.
71 hm L. 73 murfa L. 74 in tlie like. y«a, and L. 75 my lord
am. L. 76 either L. 77 are L. 78 now, my nufnihur good loitL L.
79 yuu L. 80 or L. 81 thereby I^ 8j aoine L. 83 will L.
84 am ddermtned 10 do my duty and oonadenoe without fear, neither will I
I. . 85 DO eM. 1^
M
M
54 The Church HtMiory iook ix.
A.I). 1584.** occasions, neither of your lordship nor any other*',
*• than justice and law will yield unto me. In my
own ^ private affairs I know ** I shall stand in
need of friends, especially of your lordship, of
^* whom I have made always an assured account®;
but in these public actions I see no cause why f
should seek for ^ friends, seeing they to whom
the care of the commonwealth is committed ought
of duty^^ therein to join with me. To conclude,
I am your lordship's ^ assured ; neither will I ever
^ be persuaded but you do all even of hearty good-
** will towards me **.
** [From Croydon, the 15th of July, 1584.
** To your Ijordship, most bound,] ^
•* John Caktu ar."
w«Lj*"^* Now, amongst all the favourers of the presbyte-
ham • good nans, surelv honestv and wisdom never met more
fiLeiiJ to *
nooooci in any than in sir Francis Walsingham, of whom it
^'^^^- may l)e saitl, (abate for the dispro|M>rtion,) as of St.
Paul, though jMHPry yet mnkiuy many rich. Having
but one only dau;;litor, (whose* extraordinary* hand-
someness, with a nnxlerate |>ortion, would consider-
ably prefer her in marriage*,) he neglectiMl wealth
in himself, though I may say he enriched many, not
only his dei>c*ndents, but even the Knglish nation.
M» uif any <4 mjr tnmda L H; owu mm. L. f^ how graatJy L»
89 myvtlf «in» L. oo fur mi. t^ 91 of duty mm. 1«. t\x tnat/L 1^
93 ndUMY do I douliC of th« cuiiiinuAmv of your pxA mlTrctMNi Urwanb m^,
whicli I heartily dcsiir, u (^od hiaiarlf kiiowcch, to whoM tuitiou I cMnunit
fou. L. 94 From l«, imiitird in FtiUrr't ropy.
* [She wiu Armt married t«i tiiighain dii*cl mi |M>ur tbiit he
the oeJebnted sir Philip 8id. urn* prirau*ly Imried, tii prerenl
ney, miid afterwiirdt to the un- hii crediUin froiu kciiing hu
fortuiMte e«rl of Enex. Wal- body.]
CtXT. XVf .
vf Britain,
55
bj his prudent steering of state affairs. How heA. d. 1584.
interceded to qualify the archbishop for a semi-non i-
conformist, we learn from his following letter ^ :
** Tt may please jour grace to understand that this sir Fnmdt
* bearer, Mr. Leverwood, of whom I wrote unto hn^Jfj^ier
••your grace, hath been here with me; and finding 2^^'
•* him very conformable, and willing to observe such ^^"^^^ ^
** orders as are appointed to be used in the church, fionniitt.
** as your grace shall partly perceive by certain arti-
•* cles subscribed with his own hand, and herein
" enclosed, I willed him to repair unto your grace ;
** and in case these articles may be allowed, then
•* I pray your grace to be his good lord, and that
" with your good-will and favour he may proceed in
•• his suit * : ujwn knowledge whereof I do mean to
** deal further therein with her majesty thereof for
•* him, as I have already begun to do, upon the good
** rejwrt I heard of the man, before your grace's
" message sent to Mr. Nicasius for the stay thereof
•* And so F humbly take my leave.
•* Your Grace's, at command,
** Francis Walsixoham."
What this letter effected, the next will inform us.
k [Of the subject of this
and the subseqaent letter, see
Scrjpe's Whitffift, p. 226. He
has printed the name liCver
Wood throaghoat, and refers
both letters to the year 1585.]
I [The ftLVouT which Wal-
siagham shewed to the puritans
giTCs a great ralue to his repre-
sentation of the character and
motives of those turbulent
men. The severest censures
ever passed upon them will be
found in Walsingham's own
letter to monsieur Critoy, in
Burnet's Hist, of the Reforma-
tion, II. p. 837.]
e4
56 The Church UUtory book ix.
A. D. i(;84.
2(y Eli*. " Right Honourable,
The arch. ** F thaiilc jou heartily for your letter, written
J^Srrto ** unto me in the behalf of Leverwood, wherein I per-
^JJnjJ. " ceive the performance of your honourable speeches
^*tiet. 4« ^^ myself, in promising to join with me against
** such as shall be breakers of the orders of the
** church established, and movers of contentions
^ therein. Upon that, and other like speeches of
^ yours with me at your last being at Lambeth, I
" have forborne to suspend or deprive any man
already placed in any cure or charge, for not sub-
scribing only, if hereafter he would promise unto
•* me in writing the observing of the Book of Com-
" mon Praver, and the Orders of the church bv law
'* set down ; and I do now require subscription to the
*' said Articles of such onlv as are to be admitted to
•
" the ministry and to ecclesiastical livings, wherein
*• I find myself something eased of my fonner trou-
'* blc»s ; and as yet none or very few of the last
'* nainiHl |K.'rsons do refuse to subscril^e to the said
•' Articli*s, though some of them have been account-
•' ed heretofore very precise. I also very well re-
'* niemlKT that it was her own wish and dmre that
^ such as hereafter should be admitted to any living
•* should in like manner Ih» tic^d to the oliserving
•• the C Aniens which, as it hath already wrought
'* some i|uietness in the church, so I doubt not but
** that it will in time |H*rfect the same. And I can-
^ not break that onler in one, but other will look
•• for the like favour, to the renewing and increasing
•• of the former schism, not yet already extinguisheil.
•* Wherefore I lii^artily pray you to join with roe
'• herein.
\^
CEXT. XTf. t$f Britain. 57
•* Tooching the Articles enclosed in your letter, a. d. 1584.
•* whereunto Leverwood hath subscribed, they are of "'
* DO moment, but such as may easily be eluded ; for
** whereas he first saith that he will willingly sub-
** teribe as fiu* as the law requireth at his hand, his
** meaning is, that the law requireth no such sub-
** teription ; for so I am informed that some lawyers
* (therein deceived) have persuaded him and others.
** And in saying that he will always in the ministry
^ me the Book of Common Prayer, and none else,
^ his meaning is, that he will use but so much of
** the book as pleaseth him, and not that he will use
^ tdl things in the book required of him. I have
** dealt with him in some particularities, which he
** denieth to use, and therefore his subscription is to
" small purpose. I would, as near as I can, provide
*" that none should hereafter come into the church
* to breed new troubles. I can be better occupied
*" otherwise ; and God would bless our labours more
^ amply, and give better success to the word so
" commonly and diligently preached, if we could be
** Ml peace and quietness among ourselves* which I
** OKMit heartily wish, and doubt not to bring to pass
•• by God's grace ; the rather through your good
** help and assistance, whereof I assure myself. And
•• so, with my hearty prayers, &c.,
" John Cantuar.**
Thus have we presented to the reader some select a
ietters, oat of many in my hand, |)assing betwixt theoUwr ii»».
highest fiersons in church matters. I count it a^'
blessing that Providence hath preserved such a trea-
sure unplundered, esteem it a fiivour in such friends
58 The Church History book ix.
A. 0.1584.08 imparted them unto me, and conceive it no un-
grateful act m our communicatmg the same to the
reader. And now we (who hitherto, according to
good manners, have held our peace while such who
were far our betters, by their pens, spake one to
another) begin to resume our voice, and express
ourselves as well as we may in the following his-
tory.
OoodOrin- jq gy ^j^^ changing of Edmund into John Can-
^•^- tuar, it plainly apjn^ars, that as all these letters were
written this year, so they were indited after the sixth
of July, (and probably about December,) when bishop
Grindal deceased. Our English Eli, for oflSce* (high-
est in spiritual promotion,) age, (whereby both were
blind,) and manner of his death, thus far forth as
heartbroken with sorrow. Cirindars grief proceeded
from the queen's displeasure, undeservedly procured
by the practices of his malicious enemies. There
want not those who will strain the parallel betwixt
Eli and Grindal in a fourth re8|)ect, both being
guilty of dangerous indulgence and lenity to offenders.
Indeed (irindal, living and dying sole and single*
could not be c(K*kering to his own children ; but as
a father of the church he is accused for too much
conniving at the factious disturbers thereof. Sure I
am he was an ini[)artial corrector of men's vicious
conversations : witness his shaq) reproving of Julio,
the Italian physician, for marrying another mans
wife ; which bitter but wholesome pill the physician
liiniHi*lf not iK'ing able to digc^st, incensed the earl of
Leici*ster, and he the queen's majesty against the
good an*libishop. But all ^^as |)ut on the account
of Grindars nonconformity, for favouring the factious
cBirr. XTi. 4ff Britain. 59
eftlled prophesjings °^. Grindal, sensible a. d. 1584.
flf die queen's displeasure, desired to resign his-! — —
pbce, and confine himself to a yearly pension ; not
(as some may pretend) that it was against his con-
•cieiice to keep it, bnt because above his impotent
age to manage so great a charge. The place was
proflered to Whitgift, bnt he, in the presence of the
queen, utterly refused it; yet what he would not
snatch soon after fell into his hands by Grindal's
death.
11. Whoso beholds the large revenues conferred a pica for
on Grindal, the long time he enjoyed them, (bishop poverty.
of London, archbishop of York and Canterbury above
eighteen years,) the little charge encumbering him,
dying a single man, vriM admire at the mean estate
he left behind him ; yea, perchance they will erro-
neously impute this to his prodigality, which more
truly is to be ascribed to his contempt of the world,
unwilling to die guilty of much wealth ; not to
^|>eak of fat servants made under a lean master.
The little he had, as it was well gotten, was well
Ijefftowed, in i)ious uses on Cambridge and Oxford,
with the building and endowing of a school at St.
Bees in Cumberland ", where ho was bom. Yea,
he may be beheld as a benefactor to the English
nation, for bringing tamarisk first over into England.
A» the inventors of evil things are justly taxed
by the a|)OHtle^ so the first importers of good
■ [This tale ii told hj sir U|K>n its library some of itA
J. HartngtoD, in hii Nug» miMit valuable bookn, many of
Aotiquc, II. p. 18.] which contain annotations in
* [He was alio a contidera- his own hand.]
hie benefisurtor to Queen's Col- ^ Rom. i. 13. [See the
\efX. Oxford, and bestowed Worthies, II. 31a.]
60 The Church HUimy ofBrUain. book ix.
A. D. 1584. things deserve due commendation; that phuit
.J being so sovereign to mollify the hardness of the
spleen, a maladjr whereof students (betrayed ther&-
unto by their sedentary lives) too generally do
complain.
SECT. VI.
TO THE
MASTER, WARDENS, AND ALL THE
MEMBERS
OF THE HONOURABLE COMPANY OF MERCERS
OF LONDON.
At \t yt(ndd he a win of omimon in me, (m> much obliped to
your 9onety,) tkould no share in my History be allowed unto
you, 9o I ihauld commit a preat inampruity ifaseigning it
any trkere ebe than in the reipn of queen Elizabeth^ whose
great yrandfaiher^ sir Godfrey Boleyn, (^45^1 mayor of
London,) is generally believed one of your company ; so that
the crowned maidenhead in your arms may in some sort
seem prophetical, presaging such a queen-virgin should be
eriraded from one of your society, as the Christian world
eomld not parallel in cJl particulars.
Indeed mucA of credit is imported in your very name ; for
seeing all buyers and sellers are mercers a Mercando, custom
hath confined and fixed the term eminently on your corpora-
tion^ OB always the pritne chapmen of our nation, in which
respect you have the precedency of all other companies.
I win detain you no longer from better customers, wishing you
sound wares, quid vent, good prices, sure payment ; one
>2 'Vhr Chnnh Hittoiy uooK IX.
evinmodity atoiu e-eetptett, I uitan tht truth ittelf: this buy,
and IK-I] it not * ; purchatt it oh any t^rnu, hut part teitk
it OH HO conilit'iQtu.
TjIM tUT four o'clock in the aftpmoon, on
the Lord's day. a Had acridunt hap-
pened in Paris (ianli'n, on the noutb
shie of Thames, over against London.
^\'hilBt nniltilnde« were beholding the
baiting of the bear, the old under.j>ro[iped aoaffbhis.
uverladon with people, suddenly fell down, killed
eipht outright ^ hurt and bruised many more, to the
shortening of tlieir Uvea. The assertors of the strict
observation of the sablwth ' vigorously improve this
(as well they may) against them who profane the
Lord's day, which afterwards (thi> joyful eflTect of a
doleful cause) wa^i generally kept with more eare-
fiilnesc.
ft'dbm 8. Robert Brown began at this time to timaeb bis
appMn. Opinions. He was l>oni in Kutlandshin>. of an an-
cient and worubipful family, (one whereof foumle<l a
bir hospital in Stamford '',) nearly allied to the Ion)
treasurer Cecil. He was bntl for a time in Cam-
bridge. I conceive in Corpus Christi College •, but
question whether ever a graduate therein. He tued
some time to prt>ach at lleimet Cburrli, where the
vehemeiicy of his nttemnce |>a.<tsed for zeal among
the common |KM>|)le, and made the vulgar to admire,
(be wise t^i suspect him. Dr. Still, afterwanis mas-
ter of Trinity, (out of euriosity, or caxualiy pretient
■ fror. iiiii. i;|. ' [" Stitne tim« of Bautrt
*■ Iloluubcd, 1. p. nsj. " Cullcve in Cum bridge," mt*
t Dr. Bownd. ^ ur V>. VnuU. i» 1>i> Lifr uf
' Camden '■ Bril. in Linco'ii- Whitpfi. §. 77.]
■hirr.
U-
<EXT. XVI. of Britain, 63
It bis preaching,) discovered in him something ex- a. n. 1 584.
tnu>rdinary, which he presaged would prove the dis
turbance of the church, if not seasonably prevented.
Some years after, Brown went over into Zealand, to
purchase himself more reputation from foreign parts';
for a smack of travel gives an high taste to strange
opinions, making them better relished to the lick-
erish lovers of novelty. Home he returns with a
fall cry against the church of England, as having so
much of Rome she had nothing of Christ in her
discipline*
Norfolk ^ was the first place whereon Brown (new
flown home out of the Low Countries) perched him-
self, and therein in the city of Norwich ; a place
which then spake little more than medietatem lingure^
having almost as many Dutch strangers as English
natives inhabiting therein. Brown, beginning with
the Dutch, soon proceeded to infect his own coun-
trymen ; for which he was confined, as the following
letter of the lord treasurer Burleigh to bishop Freake,
of Norwich, will inform us ^ :
** After my very hearty commendations to your
^ lordship, whereas I understand that one Brown, a
** preacher, is by your lordship and others of the
** ecclesiastical conmiission committed to the custody
** of the sheriff of Norfolk, where he remains a
^ prisoner, for some matters of offence uttered by
** him by way of preaching ; wherein 1 perceive, by
*• sight of some letters written by certain godly
' [See Strype'n Parker, p. respecting Brown and his er-
336.] rors, to which this of lord Bur-
ff [See Strype's Annals, III. leigh's is a reply, will be found
pp. 44. 186.] in Strype's Annals, III. p. 16.
^ [Bishop Freake's letter It is dated April 19, 1581.]
64 The Church Huiory %oo% ix.
A. I). 1584.'* preachers in your lordship's diocese, he liath been
' — '* dealt ^ith, and by them dissuailed from that coune
** he hath taken. Forasmuch as he is my kinsman,
** (if he be son to him whom I take him to be,) and
'* that his error seenieth to proceed of seal rather
** than of malice, I do therefore wish he were cha-
** ritablv conferred with and reformed ; which course
^ I pray your lordship may be taken with him, either
'* by your lordshij) or such as your lordship shall
** assign for that purpose. And in case there shall
*' not follow thereof such success as may be to your
** liking, that then you would be content to permit
^ him to repair hither to London, to be fbrtber
*' dealt with as I shall take order for upon his com-
** ing ; for which purpose I have written a letter to
*' the sheriflT, if your lordship shall like thereof. And
^* so I bid your lordship right heartily iarewell.
^ From the court at Westminster, this Slst of
•• April, 1581.
" Your Lordship's very loving Friend,
*• W. B."
After Brown, being thus brought up to London
by the advice of his friends, was wrought to some
tolerable compliance, and being discharged by the
archbishop of Canterbury, was by the lord treasurer
sent home to his fiither, Christopher Brown \ at
Tolethorp in Rutland, esq.; one, I assure you, of
ancient and right worshipful extraction, having my-
self seen a charter granted by king Henry the
^ [Anthoaj Brown, accord- ginallj, tliottgh ht* afterwmnb
ing to Stnrpe, Life of Whttfnft. corrected it.]
r*SS3 ; snd to in Poller ori*
riirr. xti. ofBrUain. 65
Bjgfcth, (the sixteenth of July, in the 18th of his A- ^1584-
• « «• ^^ Ens.
mgsk^) and confinned by act of parliament, to Francis
Brown, father to the aforesaid Christopher, "giv-
^ ing him leave tQ put on his cap in the presence of
•* the king or hi^ heirs, or any lord spiritual or
*^ temporal in the land, and not to put it off but
^ for his own ease and pleasure." But let us see
the lord treasurer's letter in the behalf of Brown
to his fieither :
** After my very hearty commendations, under-
^ standing that your son, Robert Brown, had been
*• sent for up by my lord bishop of Canterbury, to
^* answer to such matters as he was to be charged
^* withal, contained in a book made by him, and
** published in print, as it was thought, by his means,
** I thought good, considering he was your son, and
" of my blood, to send unto my lord of Canterbury
*< in his behalf, that he might find what reasonable
** &vonr he could shew him, before whom I perceive
^ be hath answered in some good sort ; and although
^ I think he will not deny the making of the book,
** yet by no means will he confess to be acquainted
^ with the publishing or printing of it. He hath
^ besides yielded unto his lordship such further con-
^ tentment^ as he is contented (the rather at my
^ motion) to discharge him ; and therefore for that
~ he parposeth to repair to you, I have thought good
^ to accompany him with these my letters, and to
•• pray you for this cause, or any his former dealings,
** not to withdraw from him your fatherly love and
^ aflfection ; not doubting but with time he will be
** fully recovered and withdrawn from the relics of
^ some fond opinions of his, which will be the better
rULLSR, VOL. v. p
66 The Church History book ix.
A.D. 1584-" done if he be dealt withal in 8ome kind and tem-
a6 Elix.
** perate manner. And 80 I bid you very heartily
** fiarewell.
** From my house near the Savoy, this eighth of
** October, 1585.
** Your loving FMend and Cousin,
" William BrROiiLEV.''
But it seems Brown's errors were so inlaid in him,
no conference with divines could convince him to
the contrary, whose incorrigibleness made his own
fiither weary of his company. Men may wish, Gml
only can work, children to be good. The old gen-
tleman would own him for his son no longer ^ ; then
his son owned the church of England for his mother,
desiring to rid his hands of him, as by the ensuing
tetter will appear :
After my very hearty commendations, I perceive
by your letters that you have little or no ho|>e8
of your son^s conformity, as you had when you
** received him into your house ; and then^fore you
^ seem desirous that you might have liberty to
** remove him further otf from you, as either to
^ Stamford or some other place, which I know no
•* cause but you may very well and lawfully do,
*• where I wish he might better be persuaded to
^ conform himself, for his own good, and yours and
^ his friends' comfort. And so I very heartily bid
*' you farewell,
•• From the court, this seventeenth of February.
- 1585.
'• Your very loving Friend and Cousin,
** William Bvimiiilky.*'
k [Stw 8trjpe*« Fark«r, p. 3 a;.]
44
CENT. XTi. of Britain. 67
Thus, to make our story of the "troublesome a. d. 1584.
"* man** the more entire, we have trespassed on the
two following years, yet without discomposing our
chronology on the maipn.
S. With his assistant, Richard Harrison, a petty Brown hit
pedagogue, they inveighed against bishops, eccle-*^**^***^
siastical courts, ceremonies, ordination of ministers,
and what not ; fimcying here on earth a platform of
a perfect church, without any faults (understand it
thus, save those that are made by themselves) there-
in L The reader, if desirous to know their opinions,
is referred to the large and learned treatises written
against them, particularly to the pains of Dr. Fulke,
proving that the Brownists (so named from this
Brown, their ringleader) were in effect the same
with the ancient Donatists, only newly revived.
Thus there is a circulation, as in fashion of clothes,
00 of opinions, the same after some years return;
Brownism being no more than Donatism vamped
with some new additions. The queen and her coun-
cil seriously set themselves, first by gentleness to
reduce, and (that uot succeeding) by severity to
Mippress, the increase of this fistction. Brown him-
self used to boast that '* he had been committed to
^ thirty-two prisons, and in some of them he could
^ not see his hand at noon-day .'" Yet for all this he
came off at last both \^ith saving his life and keeping
his living (and that none of the meanest, Achurch
in Northamptonshire) until the day of his death *".
I [He went orer with Brown hin tenets in a gravel- pit near
foto Zeftlmnd. See Strype's Islington. See Paget'a Ilere-
Farker, p. 327. Brown him- siogr. p. 66.]
*Ai was originally master of ^ [** lie did use to sav,"
the free-school in St. Olave's. obaenres Anthony Wood, " that
Sootbwmrk, and diaaeoiinated *' tlie true protestanta had no
f2
68
The Church Hi$iory
BOOE IX.
A. D. 1584. 4. One may justly wonder, when many meaner
aceessories in this schism were arraigned, eondemncMl,
Extnor-
him.
dinaryfA- executed, bow this Brown, the principal, made so
duigfi"untofi*i*' ^^ escape, yea, enjoyed such preferment. I will
never believe that he ever formally recanted his
opinions, either by word or writing, as to the main
of what he maintained. More probable it is, that
the promise of his general compliance vnth the
church of England (so hx forth as not to make
future disturl)ance therein) met with the archbishop s
courteous acceptance tliercof ; both which, effectually
improved by the countenance of Thomas Cecil, earl
of £xeter, (Brown's near kinsman and patron,) pro-
cured this extraordinary favour to be indulged unto
him °. His parsonage he freely possessed, allowing
a sufficient salary for one to discharge the cure, and
(though against them in his judgment) was con-
tented, and perchance pleased, to take the tithes of
his own parish.
5. For my ovm part, (whose nativity Provideiioe
placed within a mile of this Brown his pastorml
charge,) I have, when a youth, often beheld him.
He was of an imperious nature, offended if what
he aflkmed but in common discomrse were not in-
stantly received as an oracle. He was then ao far
from the Sabbatarian strictness to whioh some pre-
TlMiao.
tbor*toi».
OQ him.
" church io £iigUnd ; yet af-
** tenrard* he found the way
'* into their church, and became
** |MiAt«>r <»f a |»hice in North-
'* amptonth ire called Aychurch ;
'* bimum mnmcm, hommm omrm»
'* ei ifuamtum mmiaims ah ilio,
*' And then he uaed to My that
*' there waa no church in Kng.
'* huid but hia. and that vtm A
*' Ckmrck." Athen. L 341.)
n [Rather, indeed, of the
lord treasurer himaelf. Sec h»
letter to the bishop of Peter-
borough, dated J une a oth , 1 5 8^
in behalf of Brown, who had
now aubniitted hinuM*lf to the
order and soTemment of the
church of KngUnd. Strypa'a
Whitfift, p. saj.]
CEVT. XTI.
qf'Britain.
69
did afterwards pretend, that both in a. d. 1584.
JQdgment and pmctice he seemed rather libertine -If!^
tbefreiiu In a word, he had in my time a wife, with
wiioin for many years he never lived, parted from her
OD mme distaste ; and a church wherein he never
preached, though he received the profits thereof^.
6. As for his death in the prison in Northamp- The ««»-
ton, many years after, (in the reign of king Charles, late death.
anno 16S0,) it notbing related to those opinions he
• [Of dib man, Robert Baillie,
a flontdi prasb]rterian« givvt the
fioUoiriiig socount in Mb *' Dit-
** soastTe from the Errors of
*' the Time/' p. 1 3, Lond. 1645 :
** The horror of this remark-
" able Tengeance (he means the
*' death of Bolton, a separatist
*' prior to Brown) did not deter
** Robert Brown, first a school-
'* master in Sonthwark, and
*' Chen a preacher at Islington
** near London* to take up that
*' banner of separation which
** God, as with a bolt from
" heaven, had wrung out of the
" hands of miserable Bolton ;
" albeit that cause did thrive
** no better with him than with
" his predecessor. When this
** rash Tonng man, (for old he
** oottlff not be in the 1 580 jear
" of God, when he was the
•• nrime leader of that sect,
** baring bat lately died,) when
" he, I say, hacf gathered a
" separate congregation, and
*' drawn np for the defence
*' of this way these writings,
** whence ever since the best
** arguments for that schism
** are drawn, they went over
'* to enjoy their liberty to Mid-
" delbaigh* of ZeaUnd. But
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«t
<<
It
behold the wrath of God
following them at their heels!
When there was no disturb-
ance from without, they fell
to such jarring among them-
selves, that soon they broke
all to pieces : the most turned
anabaptists; Brown himself
returned to England, recant-
ed his Browni&m, received a
parsonage at the hand of a
bishop. The course of hia
life, to his deep old age, was
so extremely scandalous, that
more than ordinary charity
is needful to persuade that
ever he was led with a good
spirit. I have heard it from
reverend ministers that he
was a common beater of his
poor old wife, and would not
stick to defend publicly this
his wicked practice; also that
he was an open profaner of
the sabbath ; and that his
injustice in not paying the
small pittance he was in-
debted to him whom laziness
in his calling made him to
keep for the Rupply of the
cure of hix parsonage did
bring him to prison, in the
which, for that very cause,
he continued till death."]
f8
70 The Church HiMiary looi ix.
A. 0.1584* did or his followers do maintain; for, as I am ere-
dibly informed, being by the constable of the }>arish
(who chanced also to be his godson) somewhat
roughly and rudely required the payment of a rate,
he happened in passion to strike him. The con-
stable, not taking it patiently as a castigation firom
a godfather, but in anger as an nflFront to his oflicis
complained to sir Rowland 8t. John, a neighbouring
justice of the peace, and Brown is brought before
him. The knight, of himself, was prone rather to
pity and pardon than punish his passion ; but Brown^s
behaviour was so stubborn, that he appeared obsti-
nately ambitious of a prison, as desirous, after long
absence, to renew his familiarity with his ancient
acquaintance. His mittimus is made, and a cart with
a feather-bed provided to carry him, he himself being
so infirm (above eighty) to go, too unwieldy to ride,
and no friend so favourable as to purchase for him a
more comely conveyance. To Northampton gaol he
is sent, where, soon after, he sickened* died, and was
burietl in a neighl>ouring churohyanl; and it is no
hurt to wish tliat his Imd opinions had been interred
^ith him.
Two 7. Tlie tenets of Brownists daily increasing, their
books were prohibiteil by the queen's authority;
notwithstanding which prohibition some presumed
to dis{K*rse the same, and {laid dearly for their con-
tempt thertin ; for filias Tliacker ^iis hanged on
the fourth and John Coping on the sixth of June,
at the same place, St. Kdmund*s Bury, and for the
same oflence, the scattering such schismatical pam-
phlets P.
f Slow's Chroaide, p. 697. [Iloliadied, II. 1555.]
cxxT. rri. of Britain, 71
8. John Whitgift, succeeding in the archbishop- a. D.ip84-
ric, found it much surcharged in the valuation and ■
impaired in the revenues, through the negligence of auooeedeth
his predecessor, who would pay willingly what they
miked of him, and take contentedly what any ten-
dered to him. First, therefore, Whitgift procured
an order out of the exchequer for the abatement of
an hundred pound for him and his successors in the
payment of his first-fruits ^ ; afterwards he encoun-
tered no meaner man than that great courtier, sol-
dier, and privy counsellor, sir James Crofts ; or rather
he legally contested with the queen in him, and
recovered from both Long Beechwood in Kent, con-
taining above a thousand acres of land, detained
from his predecessor under colour of a lease from
her majesty ^
9. This year Nicholas Sanders (more truly Slan- i)c«th or
ders) had in Ireland a woful end of his wretched " *^
life •. He was bom in Surrey, bred first in Win-
chester, then in New College in Oxford, where he
was king's professor of canon law ; but aften^^ards,
Ijanishing himself, fled to Rome, there made priest
and doctor of divinity. He accompanied cardinal
Hosius to the council of Trent, and there is said, by
dii^mting and declaiming, to have gained himself
great reputation. At last he was sent over pope's
nuncio into Ireland, conceived then a desperate em-
ployment, and therefore many catholics regretted
thereat ; yea, some were overheard to say, (but it is
Pitzaras Sanders' own sister's son who reports it *,)
•* WTiy does his holiness send our Sanders into Ire-
4 Sir Gecnr^re Paul, Life of ■ Caniden^tt Eliz. in hoc
Wbitgift, 4. 53. anno.
' Idem. * De Scriptor. p. 773.
f4
burnt •!
7S The Church Histury book ix.
A. D. 1584. ** land ? we Taloe him more than all Ireland 18
*^^^ ^ worth.** There, amongst the hogs and momitaina,
was he starved to death, justly fiunished for want of
food, who formerly had surfeited on unprobable lies»
by hun first forged on the nativity of queen EUica-
beth».
10. We must not forget how, this year, one John
Lewes was burnt at Norwich for denying the God-
head of Christ, and holding other detestable heie*
MS >. He caUed himself ^ Abdoit J," (let him teU
you whst he meant thereby,) alluding theretn to tiie
promise of a new name, which no num knawetk bml
Urn thfli reeeiveth it * ; having in it a little mock-
Hebrew, to make himself the more remarkable.
VftfA 11. Now, so great was the malice of the Jesuits
against her majesty, that at this time they set forth
many slanderous libels, stirring up her subjects and
servants to do the same to her as Judith did to
Holofemes ^ One of their principal pamphlets was
entitled ^ A Treatise of Schism." The suspicion of
making it fell on Gregory Martin, one probable
enough for such a prank, (as being divinity professor
in Rheinis,) did not his epitaph there ensure me he
« [This ill denied by the be found in Wood's A then. I.
Mithor of tbe life of 8«ndert, 204. The accomit of him pr*-
prefixed to his book ** Dt Lu- fixed to the work abor^ quolad
" thenmorum Dissidiis," 5cc. is also a Taloable document,
ed. I594« He sUtes that San- hitherto, I beKevv, anaodoed.]
den died frooi oreruneitkm, * |^The origjioal drai^f of
worn out bjr the constant em- the ttrmi/UavU for his bomuig
plojrment of his spjritual func- is stifi prcaerred aaioog the
tiQiiB. In the ** jSxectilioa of Sanun M88. in tW Hadfean)
** Justice" it b stated that 7 Stow's Chron. p. 697.
Sanders died raring. Somers' ■ Rer. ii. 17.
TracU. I. p. aot. An excel- • Camden's Elis. in bac
lent account of Bandera will
CKXT. XTi. of Britain. 7S
dead and buried two years before^; though it is a. d. 1584.
poffiible bis posthume work might be bom abroad
after the death of the author thereof. But whoever
made i^» William Garter, the stationer, paid dearly
for publishing it, being executed at Tyburn ^ ; and
in the next month five seminaries (James Fenn,
George Haddock, John Mimden, John Nutter, and
Thomas Cemerford) were hanged, bowelled, and
qoarteied for treason, at Tyburn ; and many others
about the same time executed in other places.
12. Yet even in the midst of this necessary seve- The qneea,
nty her majesty was most merciful unto many popish meivy.
malefiictors, whose lives stood forfeited to the laws,
in the rigour thereof; for no fewer than seventy
priests (some of them actually condemned to die, all
legally deserving death) were, by one act of grace,
pardoned, and sent over beyond sea. Amongst these
were,
i. Caspar Haywood, son to that eminent epigram-
matist, the first Jesuit^ that ever set foot in Eng-
land ^
ii. James Bosgrave.
iii. John Hart, a learned man, zealous to dispute,
not dangerous to practice for his religion.
iv. Eklward Rishton, (ungrateful wretch,) who af-
terwards railed in print on the queen, who gave him
his life^
^ [Oct. 38, 15B3.] PiU. in the other seminaries mentioned
Vita, p. 783. [Tanner attri- below will also be fonnd in the
botes the tract to Martin.] same author, f. 133 — 160.]
c [Sc« a full account of him ^ Camden's Elis. 1584.
and his trial in Bridgewater's « [See Bndgewater, ibid. f.
CoocarUtio, f. 137, 395. A 409.I
yierj detailed narrative of the ' f These men were all Je-
proceedinga against Fenn and suits, except the last. For an
74
The Church History
BOOK IX.
A. D. 1584. Her majesty's mercy herein was the more remark-
— — !1- able, because done at a time when treasons against
her person (by Ardeni, Somerville, Throgmorton, &c.)
did follow, or rather tread, one on another. If here-
after the edge of justice fall sharper on Jesuits, let
them thank their own treachery, which whetted it
against themselves.
Two fruit. IS. Tliis year two conferences or disputations were
kept, (the last at Lambeth,) about the discipline and
ceremonies of the church.
i. Whitgift, archbishop of Canterbury, Sandys of
York, and Cooper of Winchester, for the same.
ii. Unconforming ministers (whose names I cannot
certainly attain) against it.
iii. The lords of her majesty's privy council, and
some other persons of honour, auditors thereof ff.
This conference eflfected nothing on the disputants
as to the altering of their opinions, little on the
auditors, but as much on all as any judicious person
ever exiH?cted. What Elijah said passionately, /
am no letter than mt/ fathers **, may bo soberly said
of this conference : it was no happier than any of
its ancestors which went before it ; let me add also.
•ooount of thene proceed ingii
br their own |Mrty» »ee Mt>ri
llitt. S«ic. Jeiiu, |). 133. This
writer has de%'oti-<l many pagen
to the htiktory of these men.
who were eminent among thoiie
of their own |>en»uasitin5. })«i».
inure wan one of thfwe who
•Mtaled at the conference
between Campian and dean
Nowell and others, in the
Tower, in J 581. See Ikmi-
bini, Vita Campiant, p. 243.
Hart waft the peraon wboae
(liiiputation with Rainolda has
lHM*n nlrt*adf mentioned ; and
Rinhton waa the motinoalor
of Saundera' book, I>e Sdiift*
mate Anslicano. Of Ila? wood,
Ilart. and Riahton, wtt food's
Athen. I. p. 333, 377, 190.]
< [See 8ir G. Pank's Lifc of
Whitgift. ♦ 55.]
^ I King! six. 4.
CBVT. ZTI.
of Britain,
76
and DO unhappier than its aneeewors that shall a. d. 1584.
eome after it ; it being observed that meetings
of this natore^ before or after this time, never pro-
duced any great matter on persons present thereat,
who generally carry away the same judgment they
brought with them. And yet the lords were pleased
to say their judgments were satisfied in the point on
the bishops' behalf, not conceiving their adversaries'
arguments so slight and trivial as now they appeared.
This was in some of them but a court compliment,
who afterwards secretly acted against the archbishop
in &vour of the other party ^
14. Whitgift, finding this first way unsuccessful, 8aiMO|^
fell from other reasoning to a flat argument fromi^
authority, eiyoining all admitted to the ecclesiastical \
onlers and benefices the subscription of the following
Articles:
i. " That the queen had supreme authority over
^ all persons bom within her dominions, of what
** condition soever they were ; and that no other
** prince, prelate, or potentate hath or ought to have
** any jurisdiction, civil or ecclesiastical, within her
** realms or dominions."
ii. *• That the IJook of Common Prayer, and the
^' onlination of bishops, priests, and deacons, con-
•* taineth nothing contrary to the word of God, but
' [Their reason being, not
that they cared alxiut the me-
rits of the quention one way
Of another, but, like Judas,
'* when thote honourable per.
" lonages miw that they might
" not sway (as formerly in the
" restraint of archbishop Grin-
" dal) and prefer whom they
" listed unto ecclesiastical pro-
** motions^ they, with some
" others, linked themselves
** against the archbishop, and
" gave him (being yet no coun-
*' cillor of state) many thwarts
" at the council-board." Sir
G. Paul, ibid.]
76 The Church UUiory book ix.
A.D.i584.«* may lawfiilly be used ; and that they will use that,
Jii?!:-" and none other.-
iii. ^ That the Articles of Religion agreed in the
synod holden at London in the year of our Lord
1562» and published by the queen's authority, thej
'* did allow of, and belioTe them to be consonant to
•* the word of God.**
The severe enforcing of subscription hereunto,
what great disturbance it occasioned in the church,
shall hereafter (by God's assistance) be made to
appear, leaving others to judge whether the oflfenco
was given or taken thereby.
TbeRhcB- 15. Now Came forth the Rhemish translation of
lib tnuH* .
htioncnmithe Ncw Testament % a translation which needeth to
be translated, neither good Greek, Latin, or English,
as every where bespeckled with hard words, (pre-
tended not renderable in English without abatement
of some expressiveness,) which transcend common
capacities; besides, it is taxed by our divines as
guilty of abominable errors therein. It was printed
in large paper, with a fiur letter and margent, all
which I have charity enough to impute to their de-
sire to do it for the more dignity of God's word ;
whilst others inter|)ret it that thereby purposely they
enhance<l the price, to put it |)ast the power of poor
men's purses to purchase it. Another accident raise<l
the deanie^s thereof : Ixycause, so many liooks IxMng
seized on by the queen's sc^archerH, the whole price
of the inlitiou fell the nion.» heavy on the remainder.
But supiKMo a {M)or lay-catholic mi rich through his
^ [Of the Rlieinith TrsU- mw Sujri>e*t Whitgift. p. 153.
nent. and tbe snawert nuuk to Aniud*, III. p. 199.]
it bjr Pulkc and Cartwright.
CKMT. XYl.
of Britain.
77
industry as secretly to purchase one of these Rhemish a. d. 1584.
Testaments, he durst not avouch the reading thereof
without the permission of his superiors licensing him
thereonto.
16. Secretary Walsingham, by his letters, solicited Cartwright
Mr. Thomas Cartwright to undertake the refuting of amwcr h.
this Rhemish translation, and, the better to enable
him for the work, sent him an hundred pounds ^ out
of his own purse™; a bountiful gift for one who
was, though a great statesman, a man of small estate,
contracting honourable poverty on himself by his
expense on the public '^, as dying not so engaged to
his private creditors as the whole church and state
was indebted to his endeavours. Walsingham his
* See the preface to Cart-
wrigiit't book.
■■ [A copy of this letter is
in tlie Sute Paper Office, al.
tboogli with no Dame attached
to it. The letter says, *' I have
•• heretofore written to Mr.
" Langstoo, to acquaint him
" with her majesty 'i pleasure
" for your removing from
^ thenoe, who take& your
" being there offensively, by
*' what occasions I know not,
** neither may we inquire of
'« those matters." The
writer then informs him that
he is desirous that he should
" answer certain books of the
" Jesuits ; the Testament they
** would have first begun withul;
** the order to be this in your
** travail, that as you have
'* done and finished any work
" to keod it over hither to be
" teen and allowed by the best
'* learned of both the universi-
" tiea, and that yon dedicate
" them to the lord treasurer,
" if not to her majesty, joining
" to the lord treasurer whom
" you beet like ; and that way
" IS thought bc»t to make an
" overture for your future £»•
" vour. For your pains you
" shall be allowed 100/. by the
*' year And if you will
" have any company to you to
*' help you, you shall have
" whom you will, and as many
" as you will, and they like-
** wise shall have good allow-
" ance made them. I pray you
" return me your answer by
" this bearer, that in both
" points I may give answer
" according to duty, both for
'* her majesty's satisfaction and
'* for this good work. . . . From
" the court at Greenwich, this
•• 5th July, 1582." See fur.
ther respecting this matter in
Str)pe's Whitgift, p. 253.]
^ Camden's Eliaabeth, anno
1590.
78 The Church f/isiory book ix.
A.D. 1584. letters to Cartwriglit were seconded bj another from
— the doctors and heads of houses (and Dr. Fulke
amongst the rest) at Cambridge, besides the impor-
tunity of the ministers of London and Suflfolk, soli-
citing him to the same purpose. Hereupon Cart-
wright buckled himself to the employment, and was
very forward in the pursuance thereof.
y^<gy 17. No sooner had Whitgift gotten notice what
hit book. Cartwright ^i-as a-writing, but presently he prohibited
his farther proceeding therein. It seems Wabing-
X ham was secretary of state, not of religion, wherein
the archbishop overpowered him. Many commended
his care, not to entrust the defence of the doctrine
of England to a pen so disaffected to the discipline
thereof ; others blamed his jealousy, to deprive the
church of so learned pains of him whose judgment
would so solidly and affections so zealously confute
the public adversary. Distasteful passages, (shooting
at Rcmie, but glancing at Canterbury,) if any such
were found in his book, might be expunged, whilst
it was pity so good fruit should be blasted in the
bud for some bad leaves about it. Disheartened
hereat, Cartwright desisted ; but some years aft^T,
encouraged by an honourable lord, resumed the work ;
but, prevented by death, [perfected no further than
the fifteenth chapter of the Revelation. Many years
lay this worthy work neglected, and the copy thereof
mouse-eaten in [mrt, whenco the printer excustnl
some defects theriMU in his edition, which, though late,
yet at last (*aine forth, anno 1618; a book which,
notwithHtaiiding the fon^naid defects, is so complete
that the Rhemists durst never return the least
answer thereunto.
Dr.Puik* 18. Meantime, whibt Cartwright his refutation of
«lk.
ciKT. xvr.
of Britain.
79
the Rhemish was thus retarded, Dr. William Fulke, ^- ^vJi5®*'
master of Pembroke Hall in Cambridge, entered the ^ —
list against them, judiciously and learnedly perform-
ing his undertaking therein. His daughter, and, as
I take it, the only surviver of his children, lately set
forth the fourth and fairest edition of this his Con-
futation, and dedicated it to king Charles ®.
19- The Rhemists profess, in their preface to theApromiae
New Testament, " that the Old Testament also lieth fo,^^*^'
** by them for lack of good means to publish the
** whole in such sort as a work of so great charge
•* and importance requireth ;" which seemeth strange
to a judicious consideration, for, had a voluminous
legend of saints' lives (with pictures as costly as
superstitious) been to be set forth, a mass, a mint, a
mine of money could easily be advanced to defray
the expenses thereof Thus papists can be poor or
rich, as they please themselves. Some behold this
their promise to set forth the Old Testament as not
really intended, but given out to raise men's expec-
tations, which in process of time would fall of itself,
and the proffer by degrees be forgotten ; others in-
terpret their resolutions real, but purposely revoked,
seeing the ill success of their New Testament, so
canvassed and confuted by the protestant divines.
Perceiving that their small pinnace, which they first
o [Dr. Fulke, miuiter of
Pifinbroke Hall in Cambridge,
ihire, compleU^d Cartwrigbt's
Confutation of the Rbeuiists'
Tranalation, wbicb had been
left onfiniahed^ adding certain
chapters in the Revelations,
according to Strrpe, Whitgift,
354. He was also the author
of a work called a Comment
on the Rhemish Testament, first
publiHhed in London 1580,
whereof the fourth edition was
published in 1633. He also
answered Dr. Gregory Martin,
a Romanist who had attacked
the English version of the
Scriptures. See Tanner's Bibl.
p. 303, and Strype's Annals,
in. 199.]
80 The Church History boob ix.
A. D. 1584.861 forth, met at sea with such boisterous weather«
_IL_ wisely they would not adventure a greater Teasel
after it ; but rather left it to rot on the dock, than
they would launch it forth in such danger. A third
sort beheld this their promise as a modest and man*
nerly (alias a crafty and cunning) begging of a con-
tribution of the catholic party for setting forth of
the same, which never as yet came into public view.
Yea, the Old Testament, some said, would be old
indeed before the translation thereof in En^ish were
by them set forth ; insomuch that some conceived a
lease of land, till this their promise be performed,
almost as good as the feeHs^imple thereof.
Coafidanoe 20. But uow, though men were so generally con-
laMd^^* fident that these long-expected Rhemish notes on
'"^^' the Old Testament would not come forth till the
Greek Calends, they have since found themselves
deceived, seeing some twenty years after that long-
looked-fbr work crept forth into the world, little
notice being taken thereof by the protectants ; partly
because no great eminency therein to entitle it to
their perusal, partly because that moiety of the Bible
is of least concernment in the oontroTersies betwixt
us and the church of Rome.
tim^^ 21. I find not this year the death of any emineiit
fEOmmZ^ English protestant divined Amongst the papists
George Etheredge departed this life, much lamented
by those of his own persuasion. He was bachelor
of physic in Corpus Christi College in Oxford, and
king*8 [irofossor of Greek in that university, which
place he quitted at the coming in of queen Elin-
f [Acoording to Wotid, wlio £tbrre<l|{e in h» Athen. I. p.
luu given tome aceount of 337, lie «nu liring ia 15S8.]
CENT. XVI. of Britain. 81
betb^ and betook himself there to a private life. a. d. 1585.
His hoose was an hospital to relieve those of his-! !l-
own reh'gion, on whom he expended his estate. He
was one of the primitive catholics, saith my author %
persecoted for his conscience. As he started soon«
he ran along in the race of patience, used to all the
giolg in Oxford and London for thirty years toge-
ther ; insomuch that he professed that the variety of
prisons was some pleasure, and the custom of durance
had made fetters to be freedom unto him.
S2. This year came forth the exposition of Mr.
Thomas Rogers on the Articles of the Church of
England, which at first met not with that welcome
entertainment which seemed due to his endeavours ;
for l>e8ides the two extremes (papists and schisma-
tics) highly enraged, many protestants of a middle
temper were much offended thereat. Some con-
ceived it presumption for any private minister to
make himself the mouth of the church, to render
her sense in matters of so high concernment ; othera
were offended that his interpretation confined the
charitable latitude formerly allowed in those Articles^
the composers whereof, providently foreseeing that
doctrinal differences would inevitably arise in so
large a church as England was, even betwixt pro-
testants agreeing in fundamentals of religion, pur-
posely couched the Articles in general terms, not
that falsehood should take shelter under the covert
thereof, but to include all such dissenters within the
comprehensiveness of the expressions ; whereas now
Mr. Rogers his restrictive comment shut out such
from their concurrence with the church of England^
9 Pits, in Vita, p. 785.
rUI.LKB, VOL. V. o
The Church History
BOOB IX.
A. D. 1585. which the discreet laxity of the text admitted there-
t8 EUs. ^
onto. However, the worth of the work in some
years wrought itself into good esteem, as dedicated
to and countenanced by the archbishop, though the
author thereof never got any higher preferment ^
2^~f«^ 28. Three irreat societies at this time in London
r [Thomas Hogen» an ex-
cellent preacher* hotn, as Wood
thinks, (Ath. toI. I. 400,) in
Cheshire, and entered at Ox-
ford about 1568» obtained a
studentship of Christ Church,
and tcK)k the degree of M. A.
1576. He was chaplain to
archbishop Bancroft, and held
the rectory of Horninger, near
Bury St. Edmund's. Suffolk,
where he is 8up|M>sed to have
died, and to have been buried
in the chancel of that church
asnd Feb. 1615- 16. His book
on the Articles of the Church
flf England bears this title:
•• The Faith, Doctrine, and
** Religion professed and pro.
" tected in tlie Realm of Eng-
'* land and Dominions of the
•• same ; expressed in Thirty-
" nine Articles concordably
'* agreed upon by the reverend
** Bishoun and Clergy of this
" Kiugaoni, at two several
'* lleedaffs or Convocatioas of
" theirs in the years of our
*' Lord 156a and 1604. The
*' aaid Artidea analysed into
** Propositions, and the Propo-
** ftitiiins proved to be atfTe4*able
•* both to the UTitftNi Word of
*' God and to the extant Con.
*' feaaions of all the neighbour
** Churches Christianly re.
•• formed. The Adversaries
'* also of note and name which
*' from the Apostles' days and
*' Primitive Church hitherto
*' have crcjssed or contradicted
'* the said Articles in general,
'* or nn J particle or proposition
*' arising from any of them in
" particular, hereby are disco-
" vered. laid open, and oou.
" futed. Perused nnd by the
*' lawful authority of the Church
*' of England idlowed to be
'* public. Rom. xvi* 17, /
** oeserch voir, &c. London :
'* Printed by John I^iegatt, and
*' are to be uAd by Michael
*' Sparke, at the Hign of the
'* Blue Bible in Green Arbor,
** near the Little Old Bailey.
•• 1607." The work paiwed
through several editions, but
this mentioned by Fuller I
have never seen nor been able
to find any account of it. The
book is dedicated to archbishop
Bancroft, the author subscrib.
tng himself, " At Horninger.
'* near St. Edmnnd's Bury, in
•' 6uMk. the I ith of March,
" 1607. Your grace's poor
** chaplain.alwaya to command,
•• Tbooiaa Bogwa " The cdi-
tiona of this book previoos to
1 607 must tiave contained much
Was than tboae ti tlik ytv.
ainoB continual referaacc is
made to points as low down as
the year 1603. The prvliM!*
containa much curious hialo-
rical information.]
CBMT. XTI.
of Britain.
8S
wero bnrily employed, the two former of them a. d. 1585.
mTOQched by law, and the third avouching it^el^ asmt^
aamdiy.
tiomnow
on foot
together.
Tht Pmrlimmeni,
t IhyiB and holden
I acWMtmiiulerthe
i cwenty-tkird 4mj
I of November last ■,
I and there oonti-
i Boed till the twen-
tf-aurth of March
foDowingt wherein
the itacufe a|[aifiat
Jesuits and priests
their departinfr out
and not ootning in-
to the reabo, was
mads, with penalty
tar the reliering
The ConvwxUion,
1
Kept in St. Paurs in Lon.
don, beginning with a most
learned Latin sennon t,
preached by John Copoot a,
doctor of divinity, (after-
wards master of Bennet Col-
l^ge in Cambridge,; taking
for his text I Tim. vi. 13,
Pfwdpio iibi cormm Deo,
Ac. llence the convocation
was removed to the collegiate
church of St. Peter^s in
Westminster, where Dr.
Goodman, dean thereof,
made a solemn protestation
with bis fellow preliettHs that
the said meeting might not
to be pitrjudidal to the pri-
vileges of his clmrch. His
pmtestatitm was ait»pted,
and assurance given that
the said oon vocation met not
there in any manner to in-
fringe their immiuiities, but
only for the maturation of
businoM u ith the more ezpe-
ditioo through the ocmve-
nieiicy of the place. M'il
liam Redman, doctor of divi-
nity, archdeacon of Canter-
bury, was chosen and pre-
sented prolocutor'.
The Assembly of
Jdinuters.
The certain place of
their convening
not known, being
clandestine, arbi-
trary, and change-
able, as advised by
their convenienoes.
They are lietter dis-
oovored by their
moving than by
their meeting, and
thei r practices more
conspicuous than
their places. Some
agents for them
were all day at the
door of the pnriii^
meut house, and
some part of the
night in the cham-
bers of parliament
men, effectually so-
liciting their busi-
ness with them.
■[1584. See ITEwes' Jour-
Ml, p. 311.]
^ " Veottsta et eloquent con-
«« go:* nith the Register of
CttUevlHirv, out of which I
tnuMcribed it.
« [Of Dr. Copoot, see Hiit.
of UniT. of CuDD. p. 1 48. He
vss chmpUn to archbishop
Whitgifit and a strenuous op.
poser of the puritans. Strype's
Life of Wytgift, p. 274.]
X [For an account of the
proceedings of this convoca-
tion, see Wilkins' Cone. IV. p.
306. It continued till Febru-
ary I Ith, 1586. In the earlier
sessions the errors of Hilton,
mentioned at f. ay, were con.
denmed.]
o2
84 The Church Hutary book ix.
A. D. 1585. 24. Wonder not if archbishop Whitgift repaired
' — seldom to, and resided but a short time in, the eon-
bahm, * vocation, having other work to do in the parliament,
dtentiMi ^'hcre what impression was made by the agents of
*^^^ the ministers will ap|K'ar by his ensuing letter to
writm to her majcstv y :
the queen. *^
i4
U
To the Queen's most excellent Majesty.
May it please your majesty to be advertised,
^ that notwithstanding the charge of late given by
** your highness to the lower house of parliament for
** dealing in causes of the church ; albeit also ac-
** cording to your majesty's good liking we have »i,»t
^^ down orders for the admitting of meet men into
*' the ministry hereafter, yet have they jiassed a bill
** in the bouse yesterday touching that matter, which,
** besides other great inconveniences, (as namely, the
** trial of the minister's sufficiency by twelve laymen,
** and such-like,) hath this also, that if it |)ass by
*" parliament it cannot hereafter but in parliament
^ be altered, what necessity soever shall urge there-
unto ; which I am persuade^l in short time will
appear, considering the multitude of livings not fit
^' for men so qualified, by reason of the smallness
•• thenH)f. Whereas if it {lass but as a canon from
•• us, by your mi^esty's authority, it may be observed
- or altered at your [Measure.
'^ They have also |msscHl a bill giving liberty to
^ nmrry at all times of the year, without restraint.
y Out of bithop Wkitgift't wood's, and liaoe in mir own
BiAnutcript of hit own Letten, puifion. [Printed wi in
alterwmrdt in lir Prter Man« Suype s Wbilgifl, p. 198.]
^.
CBNT. XYi. of Britain, 85
"* contrary to the old canons continually observed a. d. 1585.
sSEHs.
** amongst us, and containing matter which tendeth
"* to the slander of this church, as having hitherto
^ maintained an error.
** There is likewise now in hand, in the same
^ house, a bill concerning ecclesiastical courts and
^ visitations by bishops, which may reach to the
^ overthrow of ecclesiastical jurisdiction and study
** of the civil laws. The pretence of the bill is
^ against excessive fees and exactions in occlesias-
*^ tical courts ; which fees are none other than have
^ been of long time accustomed to be taken, the
^ law already established providing a sharp and
^ severe punishment for such as shall exceed the
*^ same ; besides an order also, which we at this pre-
** sent have taken amongst ourselves, for the better
*• performance thereof.
•• I therefore most humbly beseech your majesty
^ to continue your gracious goodness towards us,
^ who with all humility submit ourselves to your
^* highness, and cease not daily to pray for your
'^ liappy estate, aud long and pros]>erous reign over
*' us.
l^ From Lambeth, the 24th of March, 1584.]
** Your Majesty's chaplain, and
" daily orator most bounden,
" John Cantitar.''
TI1U8 the old year (on the last day whereof this
letter was dated) ende<l sadly and suspiciously with
the pn^lates; but the next year l)egan cheerfully,
and presented good tidings unto them.
25. For the queen, to verify her motto, semper lu
eadem. and to disprove that inconstancy generally ffi^r?
oS
86 7%€ Church Hisiory booe %x.
A. i> 1585 charged on her sex, acquitted hereelf more than
1 ' woman in her masculine resolutions, and nothing of
riJ^"^^' moment was alten?d in church discipline ; many
^^^ things indoiMl were offenHl to both houses, debated,
agitated, and, as it seems, passed the commons, but
nothing in fine was effected. Thus the mi\jor may
propound what it pleaseth, and the minor assume
what it listeth; but no conclusive argument could
then be framed without the eryo of the royal anent,
which the queen refused to affix to any material
alteration \
Pkrii— wit 25. And a few days after, the session of the parlia-
ment for the present broke off, wherewith ended the
assembly of the ministers ; and now all of them had
leave to depart to their oi^n homes, otherwise such
members thereof as formerly went away without
leave were obnoxious to censure: witness one of
them in his ingenious confession, ** Touching my
'' departure from that holy assembly without leave,
'' &c., I crave panlon both of you and thenu &c. ;
** and thus commending this holy cause to the Lord
^ himself, and your godly council to the president
*• thereof, I take my leave ■."
Jabn HU- 27- The next day the convocation ended, having
^'' effected nothing of moment, save that in the ninth
^Jji^JI]^ session tlienH)f John Hilton, priest, made a solemn
^^TJI"^' abjuration of his blasphemous heresies, acconling to
the tenor ensuing ^ :
* ([Hc« the speech the niMfe tlsing, &c. p. 75.
to thf iMrlianient at the clute ^ [See the |iruo(«diii|pi of
of the •itaiuii. Strjpe't Whit* thti conrontion in Strrpe'i
gift. p. 199.] Whitgift, p. 2 10. and WUknu'
Mr.CKlibnuidtoMr.Field, Cone. IV. n. 306. The
ac^th Sor. i 5H4. cited by bishop ciHintii of these writers
Bftncfoft m his Knglith Soot* slightly Irocn that of Fnllcr.]
CKKT. XTi. of Britain. S7
** In Dei nomine, AmeiL Before you, most reve- ^ ?• » ?®s«
** rend father in God, lord John archbishop of Can-
** terbuTj, primate and metropolitan of all England,
^ and the reverend fathers in God, the bishops of
"^ this your province of Canterbury, here congregated
** and assembled together in this holy sjmod and
** convocation ; I, John Hilton, priest, of my pure
^ heart and iree will, voluntarily and sincerely know-
** ledge, confess, and openly recognise that in times
** past I thought, believed, said, held, and presump-
"* toously affirmed and preached the errors, heresies,
^ blasphemies, and damnable opinions following.
Here he distinctly read a schedule containing his
heresies, (which what they were may be collected
by that which ensueth,) and then proceeded as fol-
loweth :
•* Wherefore I, the said John Hilton, detesting
•* and abhorring all and every such my said heresies,
** blasphemies, and damned opinions, willing and
** with all my power affecting hereafter firmly to
•• believe in the true and perfect faith of Christ and
"• his holy church, purposing to follow the doctrine
^* of Christ and his holy apostles, with a pure and
** free heart, voluntary mind, will, and intent, utterly
^ forsake, relinquish, renounce, and despise the said
** detestable errors, heresies, blasphemies, and abo-
*' minable opinions.
** Granting and confessing that the blessed Trinity
"* consisteth in three distinct persons and one God-
^ This was hj me faithfully transcribed out of the Records
oi Canterbury.
o4
ii
88 The Church H'tHary book ix.
A.D. i585.«« head: as God the Father, God the Son, and G<mI
— *' the Holy GhoAt, coequal in |>owcr and might.
" Secondly, that Jesus Christ is l)oth (io^l and
" man, and my Saviour and Re<leemer, and of all
** others baptized and iK'lieving in Him; who of His
** Father of His own substance in His humanity was
^ conceived by the Holy Ghost, incaniate, and for
•* our redemption, being very Grod, became man.
•* And that bv the death of Jesus Christ we be
*^ not only made {lartakers of His testament, and so
deduced to the knowledge of His godly will and
power, but also that we have full redemption and
*^ remission of our sins in His blood.
'* And where I did most ungodly, detestably* and
^ blasphemously affirm that the Old and New Ten-
** laments were fables, now, being most sorry for
** that abominable and damnable assertion, I do most
** humbly and ** believe the same Testaments
^^ to contain all tniths necessary to salvation, and
^^ that I and all others are bound to believe the
^ same as the undoubted word of God, and that
** without that I cannot be savcnl.
'' And therefore the said errors, blasphemies, and
*^ all other heresies, false doctrines, and danmed
^* opinions in general, contrary and repugnant to
** the faith of C'hrist, I utterly abjure, forsake, and
•* purely renounce, l)efore you, most reverend father
** in God, and the rest of this holv synod here
** assembled. And moreover I swc^ar by this holy
** evangi^list, by me here iMMJily touches!, that fn>m
^^ henct*foKh I shall never hold, teach, lielieve, or
^ Ilerr tht* ivcord is m> ill written, thtt thin word it acH
e.
csvT. «▼!• of Britain. 89
** affirm the said errors, heresies, blasphemies, orA.D. 1585*
•• damned opinions, or any other against, contrary, 1
** or repugnant to the holy faith of Christ's church ;
*• nor yet shall I, by myself or any other person,
•* prhrately or apertly defend, maintain, succour, fa-
** Tomr^ or support any person that to my knowledge
^ holdeth, believeth, affirmeth, or teacheth any such
^ heresies, errors, or damned opinions. 80 help me
^ Go<l, and these holy evangelists. In witness
- whereof to this my present abjuration and renun-
** ciation, I have with my own hand voluntarily
^ subscribed my proper name.
" John Hilton."
38. Upon this his abjuration, penance was imposed Penmoe
on him, firft, that he should attend at PauPs Cross !!]^ him.
upon the preacher, Sunday next, all the time of the
sermon, and there i>enitently stand before the said
preacher with a fisigot on his shoulders ; secondly,
that he should not preach, minister sacraments, nor
exercise any ecclesiastical function in the church,
except specially licensed by the archbishop there-
unto; thirdly, that he should recant the said here-
sies and damnable opinions in the church of St.
Martin's in the Fields, at a sermon there to be made
by the archdeacon, and there to shew himself very
penitent. I find in the records a recognisance of
five hundred |>ounds drawn up to the queen, whereby
the said Hilton bound himself for the |>erformance
hereof; but because the rude draught of the l>ond
\» crossed, I conceive it not insisted on, and (finding
nothing to the contrarj) presume the aforesaid
penance by him exactly performed.
29. The ministers or brethren, now missing their ^^^^^n*"
01 import*
90
The Church History
BOOK II.
A.D. 1585. mark, abated much of their former activitv, inso-
much as that Mr. Cartwright (whom I conjecture
becvizt Um the preBident mentioned in the last assembly) began
•^ ^^ to make, by the mediation of the earl of Leicester,
(who now designed him master of his new-built
hospital in Warwick,) compliance with Whitgift ;
though the wary archbishop, not OTer-fond of his
friendship, kept him at distance, as these two letters
here inserted will sufficiently inform us ^ :
tiM Arch-
• " My good Lord ^
** I most heartily thank you for your faTourablo
^ and courteous usage of Mr. Cartwright, who hath
so exceeding kindly taken it also, as I assure your
grace he caimot speak enough of it. I trust it
shall do him a great deal of good. And he pro-
testeth and professeth to me to take no other
course but to the drawing of all men to the unity
of the church ; and that your grace hath so dealt
with him, as no man shall so command him and
dispose of him as you shall; and doth mean to
'* let his opinion publickly be kuown, even in the
^ pulpit, if your grace so |)emiit him, what he him-
** self will and would all others should do for obe-
44
(«
U
M
(«
(«
«4
* [Upon Caitwright't return
from the Low Countriet, where
he had ofRciated during fire
yean to aome English ficto-
riet, officer! were sent to ap-
prehend him as a mover of
•edition and a turbulent per.
•on. During hii confinement
the archbishop behared witli
much kindncaa to him. Upon
a promise to conform, it is pro.
bable that he was dismissed by
the ind wmee of the archbishop.
though a license to preach
still refused him. Upon this
occasion these letters are writ*
ten, which are in part printed
in Strrpe's Whitgift, p. 215.
Cartwright, however, was a
conformist only in appennuMt.
See Htrype's Annals, 111. 470.]
f Taken out of the manu.
script of bishop Whitgiit's Let.
ters, belonging to sir Pelcr
Bfanwood. and since in jny
cssT. STf . of Britain. 91
to the iBLvm establiriieiL And if any littleA.p.i585«
ipl« be, it 18 not greet, end easy to be reformed :
"* bj your grace, iriiOHi T do most heartily entreat
^ to oontiniie yoar favom* and countenance towards
^ him^ wHh such access sometimes as your leisure
^ vmy permit ; for I perceive he doth much desire
** and crave it.
*^ I am to thank your grace also very heartily for
^ Mr. Fenne, . albeit I understand he is sometliing
*^ more opiniate than I wish him ; but I trust he
** will also yield to all reasons. And I mean to deal
"* with the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield 9, to
^ make eome trial of him ; for surely he is an honest
** man. Thus, my good lord, praying to God to
** blees his church, and to make his servants constant
•* and faithful, I bid your grace farewell.
•* At the court, this 14th July.
" Your Grace's very assured Friend,
" R. Leicester."
'^ My singular good Lord,
*• Master Cartwright shall be welcome to me at
•* all times ; and using himself quietly as b^cometh
^ bim, and as I hope he will, he shall find me willing
** to do him any good. But to grant unto him as
*• yet my license to preach, without longer trial, I
** cannot, especially seeing he protesteth himself to
** be of the same mind he was at the writing of his
•* book, for the matter thereof, though not for the
^ manner. Myself also, I thank God, not altered in
•• any point by me set down to the contrary, and
** knowing many things to be very dangerous ;
9 [Willtam Overton.]
4i
92 The Church History book ix.
A. D. 1585.*' wherefore notwithstanding I am content, and n^adv
" to be at peace with him, so long as he liveth
peaceably ; yet doth my conscience and duty for-
bid me to give unto him any further public appro-
^* bation, until I be l>etter ]>er8uaded of his con-
formity. And so, being bold to use my accustomed
plainness with your lordship, I commit you to the
'' tuition of Almighty God, this 17th of July, 1585.
** John Cantiar.*'
Saminariei SO. Seminaries and priests to the number of
Il^dtnot- thirty-two, late prisoners in the Tower, Marshalsea*
''"**^* King's Bench, and other places, were |)ardone<l,
enlarged, and transported over into Normandy,
though occasionally they were forced to land at
Boulogne *•.
81. The earl of Ijeicester, who hitherto had done
but little goo<l in England, went now over to do less
in the Liow Countries, commanding a great army
and name, with the illustrious title of general of the
auxiliaries of the queen of England. He was not
so much pleased with his place there, but that some
of his back-friends were as nmch delighte<l with his
room here. Meantime the ministers lost the bi^st
stake in their hedge, in his absence, their patron
paramount ; for though by letters he might solicit
their cause, yet the greatest strength is not so
extensive but to have the virtue thereof abattMl at
such a distance. And afterwanis it fare<l wone with
the ministerH, when Whitgift. archbishop of C.*anter-
bury, was sworn of the privy council, (an honour
which his predecinisor (irindal never obtained, yea,
** [6c« Handert, I)e Schismate AiikI. p. 359.]
CEXT. XVI. nf Britain. 98
neTer desired,) by the procurement, it is believed, ofA.D. 1585.
the lord Burghley '.
S2. Now, for the present, I will trouble the reader The Litur-
ffT sup*
no longer with these brawls about discipline; onl jr p^ned by
one story must not be omitted, though it be fathered '^^***'^
rather on public report than fixed on any particular
author in those days avowing the same. Some com-
plained against the Liturgy to the lord Burghley, of
whom he demanded " whether they desired the
•• taking away thereof?" They answered, " No ; but
•* onlv the amendment of what was offensive there-
** in.** He recjuired them to make a better, «uch
as they would have settled in the stead thereof.
Whereupon,
The first classis framed a new one, somewhat
according to the form of Geneva.
Tlie second cl&ssis, disliking it, altered it in six
hundred particulars ^.
The third quarrelled at these alterations, and
resolved on a new model.
The fourth classis dissented from the former.
Tlius, because they could not agree amongst them-
wlves, that wise statesman put them off for the
pn^Hent, until they should present liim a pattern
with a j>c»rfect consent.
33. Iliree protestant bishops this year exchanged Acmm-
this life for another: the first was Kichanl Curtevs ', i* beUered
in luU krti.
tuds.
> [See hir G. Paule's Life of August, 1582, according to the
\Vbitgift,§.57. 8trTi)c'8Whit- notes in the new edition of
gift, p. 247.] Godwin, De Pra^sul. Angl. m,
^ See theViewof the NewDi- 513; yet Stryiie fixes his deaUi
rectory, [by Dr. II. Ham inond^] (though with some hesitation)
printed atClzford, 1645. p.3. to27thFeb. 1584=: 1585. Lifle
I
QHe died in the month of of Whitgift, p. 242. Annals,
9*
TheCkwxh
BOOE IX.
A.D. 1585. (sometimes fellow of St. John^s in Gunbridge,) bishop
.! 1. of Chichester ; the second, Nicholas Robinson *",
bishop of Bangor ; and John Scory, bishop of Here-
ford. Of the two former we have not enough to
furnish out their character ; of the latter too much,
if all be true which I find charged upon him. Sure
I am he began very well, being an exile and con-
fessor in the days of queen Mary, but is aecuaed
afterwards to be so guilty of oppressions, extortion^
and simonies, that a bill was put up against him in
the Star-chamber, containing matter enough not
only to disgrace, but degrade him, if prosecuted.
But he bought out his innocence with his money.
Here know that our author ^^ though a person of
wit and worship, derivcth his intelligence fit>m a
French writer disaffected in religion, and therefore
not to be believed in full latitude when calling him
Scoria, or dross, in allusion to his name; but as
*^ all is not gold that glisters,** all is not dross reputed
so by our popish adversaries.
34. The same year also John Feckenham, late
abbot of Westminster, ended his life ; whereon we
TlMdMUh
of John
III. 331. ProbablT both Ful.
ler and Strype had no other
reason fur fixing the date of
his death so low than from
•eeing that Uicklej. hU succea-
•or, was consecrated in 1585.
Cuitejs was the author of
several minor pieces, which are
mentioned in Wood's account
of him. See Athen. 1. 697.]
"* [He was domestic chap-
Ifun to Matthew Parker, arcs-
Wahop of C4Uiterhurv, who has
kft on record an honourable
tsrtimonj in hia farcwr. See
Aotiq. Brit. p. 547. Aothony
Wood places his death a year
earlier. Athen. I. 696.]
* Sir John Harinflton* Nu.
ge, II. p. 176. [Ileaoe the
Komanists said of him that he
professed to be a great enemy
to idobtry, yet in aaolbcr
sense, according to Sc Paul*
he became a worshipper of
imagea, not saints, but mm^tfis^
alluding to the eoin of lluit
name. Wood*s Atbttt. L 6Sa.
Uahogton, ib. He was, appa.
rf«tly» A serere antagooist to
the {Mpiata. See Strype'a Aaa.
III. jaS.]
STI. of Britain. 95
enlarge ourselves, if not for his, for history's a. d. 1585.
mke^ eeeing he was a landmark therein ; his personal
expmence being a chronicle, who, like the axletree,
Hood firm and fixed in his own judgment, whilst the
tiineay like the wheels, turned backwards and for-
wmrds round about him. He was bom in Worees-
tenhire» in the forest of Feckenham, whence he
ielched his name ^ ; bred a Benedictine monk in the
abbey of Eyesham, where he subscribed, with the
rrat of his order, to the resignation of that house
into the hands of king Henry the Eighth. After-
wards he studied in Oxford ; then applied himself
first to Bell, bishop of Worcester, and, after his
death, to Bonner of London ; where he crossed the
proverb, ** Like master, like man,'' the patron being
cnieU the chaplain kind, to such who in judgment
dJaseoted from him. He never dissembled his reli-
gion, being a zealous papist ; and under king Edward
the Sixth suffered much for his conscience.
SB. In the reign of queen Mary he was wholly hu owr.
employed in doing good ofiices for the afflicted pro- testaou^'^
leatanta, from the highest to the lowest. The earl
of Bedford p, and (who afterwards were) of Warwick^
and Leicester % tasted of his kindness ; so did sir
John Cheke ; yea, and the lady Elizabeth herself, so
interposing his interest with queen Mary for her
efilaigement that he incurred her grace's dis])leasure.
Hence it is that papists complain that in the reign
o [His right name, however, P
wmi Howman. See Wood*8 earl.
Atken. I. 221. Manj notices 9
rcmcting him will be found earl of Warwick in 1567.]
in Reyner'i Iliiitoria Benedict. ^ [Sir Robi'rt Dudley « ere-
in Aoglia^ p. 233.] atcd earl of Lieicester in 1563.]
Francis Russell, second
Ambrose Dudley, created
96 The Church Histaty book ix.
A.D. 1585. of queen Elizabeth he reamed not a crop of courtesT
28 EHx. I 1 •
'- — pro|K)rtionable to his large seed thereof in the days
of queen Mary.
Made ab. S6. Queeu Mary afterwards preferred him, ftoxa
w«unin. being dean of Paul's, to be abbot of WestminKter*
*^' which church she erected and endowed for Bene-
dictine monks, of which order fourteen only could
be found in England then extant since their diaso-
lution, which were uimiarried, unpreferred to cures,
and unaltered in their opinions'. These also were
brought in, with some difficulty at first, and op|)o-
sition ; for the prebendaries of Westminster, legally
settled in their places, would not resign them till
cardinal Pole, |)artly by compulsion, partly by com-
|)ensation, obtained their removal.
2J^ °*" 37. Queen Elizabeth, coming to the crown, sent
««><*•«*> for for abbot Feckenham to come to her, whom the
bin and
praffen messenger found setting of elms in the orchard of
'Westminster Abbey; but he would not follow tho
messenger till first he had finished his plantatioDt
which his friends impute to his soul employed in
mystical meditations ^ that as the trees he there sot
should spring and sprout many years after his
decease, so his new plantation of Benedictine monks
in Westminster should take root and flourish, in
defiance of all op|K>sition ; which is but a bold con*
jei*ture of others at his thoughts. Sure I am those
monks long since an' extiqiatcHU but how his trees
thrive at this day is to me unknown. Coming after-
wanls to i\\v queen, what dis<*ourse imssed betwixt
them tliev themselvoH knew alone: some have con-
fideiitly guesse<1 she protVeriMl him the archbishopric
* SaiidiTB de Sclitftmuto \i\^. * H«*ynfnift de Antiq. Bcsicd.
|>. i5<>. t-d. 158S. p. 235.
ttfV. «TI.
^Britain,
97
«f Guterbury on condition he would conform to her a.d. 1585,
kirs, which he utterly refused.
98. In the treaty between the protestants andKindJy
|mpiflt8, prima Elizabeth^e^ he was present, but instramt.
vhat oi^iacity I cannot satisfy myself; surely more
tlian a disputant, (amongst whom he was not named,)
jet not so much as a moderator ; and yet his judg-
ment (perchance because abbot, and so principal man
ill that place) was asked with respect and heard with
teverence ^, his moderation being much commended.
Now although he was often confined, (sometimes to
the Tower, sometimes to friends' houses x, and died,
it seems, at last, in restraint in Wisbich Castle,)
yet generally he found fair usage from the protest-
ants. He built a conduit in Ilolbom and a cross
in Wisbich, and relieved the poor wheresoever he
eame ; 00 that flies flock not thicker about spilt honey
than beggars constantly crowded about him >'.
39. Abbot Feckenham thus being dead, the Eng-Apecroit
lish Benedictines beyond the seas began to bestir Benedic
Uiemaelves, as they were concerned, about the ooxk-^Yvk-
enluuii*!
dauh.
« Fox, Acts and Mon. III.
[979' «lO
^ [At firat he was committed
to the eiutodj of Dr. GkMxl.
iii«n, dean of Winchester ; but
aflrrwards, through the means
of bishop Orindal, trnn»-
lerred to Horn, bishop of Win-
loo, and the rather because
OriodaJ luul heard Horn say
" chat if he should have any,
^ he could best deal with
** Peckenharo, having in king
" Edward's days taken some
" pains with him in the Tower.
" and brought him to subscribe
FULLBR, VOL. V.
*' to all things saving the pre-
" sencc and one or two Arti-
" cles more." However, Horn
soon became wearv of the ab»
hot, and some controversy arote
between them. See 8try|)e*s
Grindal, 79.]
7 [A very interesting and
detailed account of Feckenham
will be found in Reyner's Hist.
Benedictinor. p. 232, sq., and
in Wood's Athen. I. 221, who
is indebted to Reyner for moat
of his information respecting
Feckenham.]
II
98 The Church History book ix.
A.I). i585.tinuation of their order. We know some maintain,
'• — that if any one species or kind of creatures be utterly
extinct, the whole universe, by sympathy therewith,
and consciousness of its outi imperfection, will be
dissolved. And the catholics suspected what a sad
consequence there would be if this ancient order
of English black monks should suflTer a total and
final defection. The best was, unu^ homo notis^
there was one, and but one, monk left, namely,
father Sigebert Buckley ; and therefore, before his
death, provision was made for others to succeed him;
and they, for fear of failing, disposed in several
countries in manner following :
In Rome.
i. Father Gregory Sayer. ii. Father Thomas
Preston, iii. Father Anselm, of Manchester, iv.
Father Anthony Martin, commonly called Athana-
sius.
In Valladoiid in Spain,
i. Father Austin St. John. ii. Father John Mer-
vin. iii. Father Mark Lambert, iv. Father Mau-
rice Scot. V. Father George Jervis ".
Fn)m these nine new Benedictines the whole
order, wliich hung formerly on a single string, was
then replenished to a competent, and since to a
plentiful nunilKT.
KnffiMiiiMi. 40. Hitherto our English papists affectionately
thry fe/i4r icancHi (not to say ftmdly doted) on the queen of
^^*^ Scots, pnmiising themsi^lves great matters from her
towanis the advancing of their n'ligion; but now
s Rrynmu dr Antiq. Benedict, p. 243.
CKNT. XVI. of Britain. 99
they began to fkll off in their affections, partly a. d. 1585.
because beholding her a confined person, (unable to
free herself, and more unlikely to help others,)
partly because all catholics come off with loss of life
which practised her enlargement. As for her son,
the king of Scots, from whom they expected a set-
tlement of popery in that land, their hopes were
lately turned into despairs, who had his education on
contrary principles.
41. WhereuiK)n hereafter they diverted their eyes Unto th©
from the north to the west, ex|>ecting (contrary to Spain,
the course of nature) that their sun should rise
therein, in magnifying the might of the king of
Spain, and his zeal to propagate the Roman catholic
faith. And this was the ))ractice of all Jesuits, to
possess their English proselytes with high opinions
of the Spanish power, as the nation designed by
Divine Providence to work the restitution of their
religion in England.
42. In order hereunto, and to hearten their coun- Pretending
trymen, some (for it ap|)ears the result of several uie crown
persons employed in the designing and effecting*^ ^^^'"*^*
thereof) drew up a title of the king of Spain's to
the English crown, as much admired by their own
party as slighted by the queen and her loyal subjects,
for being full of falsehoods and forgeries. Indeed it
is easy for any indifferent herald so to derive a
|ie<ligree as in some seeming probability to entitle
any prince in Christendom to any principality in
Christendom ; but such will shrink on serious exa-
mination. Yea, I believe queen Elizabeth might
pretend a better title to the kingdoms of Leon and
Castile in S\mn (as defended by the house of York,
from Edmund earl of Cambridge and his lady« co-
H 2
100
The Church History
BOOK IX.
A.D. 1595- heir to king Peter) than any claim that the king of
Spain could make out to the kingdom of England.
However much mischief was done hereby, many
papists paying their good wishes where they were
not due» and defrauding the queen, their true cre-
ditor, of the allegiance belonging unto her.
48. Now did the queen summon a parliament*.
An Mt
wtthimt
• [See D'Ewes' Journal, pp.
37S» 39»- Stryi>e'i Whitgift.
p. 256. The parliament began
on the 29th of October, 1586,
and was diiaolved on the 23 rd
of March, 1587. The next
parliament began on the 4th of
Febnianr, 1589, and ended on
the 29th of March the same
year. " This new parliament.*'
says D'Ewes, '* assembled on
'* Saturday the 29th day of
" October. 1586, immediate.
'* ly after ensuing ; at which
'* time the queen came not to
" the upper house in person,
*' but was represented by three
" commissioners, [vis. the arch-
" bisliop, the lord treasurer.
*' and lord steward.] not. as
** her majesty afterwards pro.
" fessed, beoiune she feared
" the violence of any assassin.
** but because she abhorred to
" be an hearer of so foul and
** unnatural a conspiracy • plot-
'* ted against her by the 8cot-
" tish queen, a kinswuoian so
" near her highness."
But as to the quietness of
the ncmoooformbts, F*uller is
much mistaken ; for during
this very |iarliament a most
strange and bigoted motion
was made by one of their or.
gann. The reader shall have
It in D'Ewea* own vrords:
<•
<•
«•
«<
<<
«<
€»
• <
•«
• <
• «
• <
«<
««
• «
«
• <
«
• «
• •
• •
«•
• <
• «
• •
<«
«•
• •
The same day [sc. Monday.
27th Feb. 1587] Mr. Cope,
first using some speeches
touching the necewity of a
learned ministry and the
amendment of things amiss
in the eccleaiastical estate*
offered to the boose a bill,
and a book written, the bill
containing a petition that it
might be enacted. Thmi all
lawM mom m force tomch*
ing rccirsiasiicai gorrrmmmi
Mhoitid be void ; and thai it
might be euaeti I, Thai iJkmi
Book o^ ComwKm Pra^^er mom
offered, amd mome other, miight
be received imio the chmrch to
t>e used. The book contained
the form of prayer and ad.
ministration of sacfaneiita.
with divers rites and ceremo-
nies to be used in the church ;
and desired that the book
might be read. Whervopoa
Mr. Speaker, in effect, nsed
this speech : * For that her
majesty before this time had
ccmimanded the house not to
meddle with this matter, and
that her majestr had pnw
mised to take order in tooae
causes, he doubted not but
to the gtM>d satisfaction of all
her people ; he desired that it
Wfmld nWase them to spara
the reading of it. NotwMK
CKNT. XVI. of Britain. 101
wherein her majesty appeared not in person, but a. d. 1^87.
lioHsed over the presidentship of that her great J2 —
council unto John Whitgifl, archbishop of Canter-
burr, William Cecil, lord treasurer, and to the earl
of Derby ^ : a thing done without precedent, when
the king at home and in health; but the pleasure
of so powerful a princess might create a leading case
in things of this nature.
44. Wonder not if the nonconformists were veryCoodi
quiet in this parliament, beholding the archbishop noooon-
their great adversary in so great power and place. Jj^'^iet.
However their activity in the next will make their
{larty amends for their stillness in this session.
45. This year ended the doleful life of a distresse<l The amOk
lady, Mary queen of Scots, whose trial and death queend"
belongeth to the state historian. She was aged ^**'°***^
forty-six years, passing the last twenty in imprison-
ment ; one of a shaq) wit, undaunted spirit, comely
person, beautiful face, majestic presence : one rea-
son why queen Elizabeth declined (what the other
so much desired) a personal conference with her, as
'* ttaoding the house desired " would bring her mi^etfty's
" the reading of it. Where- " indignation against the house
'* upon Mr. Speaker willed " thus to enterprise the deal-
** the clerk to read it. And *' ing with those things which
" the Court being ready to read "her majesty especially had
it, Mr. Dalton made a mo- '* taken into her own charge
• a
** tion aoainst the reading of " and direction. Wbereufion
" it, saying that it wan not " Mr. I^ewknor 8|>ake, Hheuing
" meet to be read, and thai it " the necessity of preaching
" did appmni a new form of '* and of a learned ministry,
" admimiitration of the sacra- '* and thought it very lit that
*' menis and ceremonies of the ** the petition and the l>ook
*' ckmrck, to the discredit of the " should be read." D'Ewes'
** Book of Common Pra^r, Journals, p. 410.]
•• and of the whole state ; and ^ [Henry Stanley.]
" thought that this dealing
H 3
lOti TV Church Hi*U»ry booe ix.
\ i>. 158;. unwilling to be either outshone or even-«hoiie in
'^ *** her o^ii hemisphere. For her morals, the belief of
moderate men embraceth a middle course betwixt
Buchanan his as{)ersing and Causinus his hyperbo-
lical commending her. because zealous in his own
religion.
HrrpoKry. 46. She wa« au excellent i>oet, both Latin and
English ; of the former I have read a distich made
and written by her owa hand on a pane of gfaws at
Buxton Well :
**" Buiioma (fuw ealida: c^Ubraris ^ momitw lympka\
** Forl^ miki podhac nam adeumdoy wile.^
ft*
«4
Buxton, who dost with waters warm exceU
By me, perchance^ never more seen, farewell !^
And at Fotheringhay Castle I have read, written by
her in a window with a pointed diamond,
*' From the top <»f all my trust,
'^ Mishap hath laid me in tho dust.**
But her adversaries conceive, had she not been laid
there, the happiness of England had l)een prostrate<l
in the same place. She was buried in the quire of
Peterborough, and doctor Wickham, bishop of Lin-
coln, preached her funeral sermon^, causelessly
carped at by the Martin Mar-prelate, as too favour-
able concerning her final condition, though he uttered
nothing inconsistent with charity and Christian dis>
cretion.
iwbody 47. Some twenty years after, king James caused
rgmorwl to
Wrrtmln«
ftliFT.
« So it i» in ihf glAM I had ^ [Siv Ounton't Ili«tanr
in my bund, though it br rr/r. of Prterbormigh, and Wood's
hrahrre in Ciund. Brit, in I>er- Athen. I. 7H.]
bvftliiri*.
iKNT. XVI. of Britain. 108
her corpse to be solemnly removed from Peterbo-A. 0.1587.
rough to Westminster, where, in the south side of— — ^—
the chapel of king Henry the Seventh, he erected a
stately monument to her memory, and thereon this
epitaph, wherein such cannot but commend the
piety of her son who will not believe all the praises
of his mother :
" D. O. M.
** Maria? Stuartas Scotorum Regime, Francia? Do-
** taria% Jacobi V. Scotorum Regis Filice et Ilffiredis
•* unicae, Ifenrici VII. Ang. Regis ex Margareta
*• majori Natu Filia (Jacobi HII. Regi Scotorum
•* matrimonio copulata) proneptis, Edwardi HII.
^ Anglian Regis ex Elizabetha Filiarum natu maxima
•* abneptis, Francisci II. Gallorum Regis conjugis,
'• CoroiuE Anglia*, dum vixit, certa* et indubitata;
*' ha^redis, et Jacobi magna^ Britannia? monarchal
** potentissimi matris.
*' Stiq)o vere rcgia et anti(|uissima prognata erat,
"* maximis totius Europe principibus agnatione et
""* cognatione conjuncta, et exquisitissimis animi et
*• coqxiris dotibus et omamentis cumulatissima. Ve-
^ mm, ut sunt variae rerum humanarum vices, ])ost-
^ quam aimos plus minus viginti in custodia detenta,
•• fortiter et strenue, (sed frustra,) cum malcvolorum
^ obtrectaticmibus, timidorum suspicionibus, et ini-
** niicorum capitalium insidiis conflictata esset ; tan-
•* dem inaudito et infesto Regibus exemplo securi
" pereutitur.
*' Et c<mtempto mundo, devicta morte, lassato
'* caniifice, Christo Servatori anima; salutem, Ja-
*• coIk) Filio s|K»m regni et posteritatis, et universis
^* cordis infausta' 8{>ectatoribu8 exemplum patieutin
h4
104 7%r Church Hntory ■ook n.
A.D. 1587. '' commendans, pie et intrepide CerviGem regiam
— — — ** securi maledictie subjecit, et vitae caducae toitein
*' cum coelestis regni perennitate commutavit.'*
Besides this, there is a long inscription in yene«»
one distich whereof I remember, because it is the
same in effect with what was made of Maud the
empress.
On Maud,
" Magna orin, Pkijarqwe friro^ W nuuima patiu^
'* Hiejacei HenrieiJUia^ tp(m$a, paremJ*^
On Quern Mary.
^' Magna vira, nu^ naiUf $$d wuKtima partus
^' CandUur hie regis Jilioj iponeOy parem •J*
So that it is no disgrace for a queen to wear part
of an epitaph at the second hand, with some little
alteration.
A dcdgn 4g. About this time it was that some privy coun-
•d; cillors endeavoured to persuade queen Elizabeth to
raise and foment a difference betwixt the po|)e and
king of Spain, and to assist the former (not as pope,
but tem[>oral prince) by her shipping to regaiu
Naples, detained from him by the Spanish king.
They alleged the design advantageous, to work a
diversion of Spanish forces, and prevent an invasion
of her own land.
• (TKeiie are two of the oon- rej't Poems, p. 475. 4to. Loud
eluding ventet of Henry earl of 1815. BiK both the proae
Northaaipioii'a ezquiatle elegy iMcnptioB and th« ttmm vary
upon Mary queen of 8oota. a much from the oopMS prialc«l
correct copy of which it printed by Puller.]
ia I>r. Noit't edilMNi of Bar-
CM1IT. XVI. of Britain. 105
49* But her miyesty would not listen to the a. 0.1^97.
motion to entertain compliance in any capacity on ^^
any conditions with the pope, as dishonourable in ed by the
herself, distasteful to the protestant princes; nor^"*^
would she touch pitch in jest, for fear of being
defiled in earnest, but crushed the design in the
birth thereof.
50. A first onset was now made by the noncon- ^^^"if™™*'y
^ tothe
formists against the hierarchy; though the more^M^t*
they opposed it, the more the queen did countenance
their persons and preserve their power; insomuch
that she would not in Lent feed on any fish, as for-
bidden by the canons of the church, until she had
first attained a solemn license from the archbishop
of Canterbuiy, and eveiy year of her life renewed
the same ^
51. The power of the high commission began
now to extend far, and penalties to fidl heavy on
offenders. Whereupon the favourers of the noncon-
formists much opposed it in their printed books,
some questioning the court as not warranted by law,
others taxing their proceedings as exceeding their
commission* But hear their arguments on both
sides:
Against the High Com- For the High Commission,
mission.
It is pretended founded The words in the statute run
on the statute p^i/io U/t- thus: *' They shall have full
^ Camden's Eliz. Manuscript, in this respect. Generally,
aliortif likely to be printed, also, snch dispensations for
[Since printed ; which see, in eating meat were granted on
tbe year 1587. This was usual condition of certain sums being
in this reign, no persons of any naid to the poor. See Strype's
seriousness attempting to vio. Whitgift, p. 246.]
late the directions of the chnrch
106
77ie Church Hutory
BOOK IX.
A.D. 1587. Against the High Com-
30 KHx, iniHsiun.
For the High Comoiinioii.
zabethce^ wherein the par-
liament em|iowercil the
(|ueen by her letters pa-
tents to appoint commis-
sioners to punish offenders
in ecclesiastical causes.
But no mention therein
of temporal penalties, and
therefore the commission-
ers are to confine them-
selves to church censures,
by excommunicating, &c.,
illegally inflicting any
other punishments.
Such commissioners
proceeding against of-
fenders by attachment,
fine, or imprisonment, are
contrary to the express
words of Charta Magna,
providing ** that no free
** man shall be taken or
^^ imprisoniHl, or be dis-
** seised of his freehold
** and liberty, and but by
the lawful judgment of
his peers, or of the law
" of the land.""
t«
i«
Their whole commis-
sion is Void in law, lie-
cause it lK*areth date in
July, but %^as not ligned
till Novetulier iK*xt after,
«t
it
** power and authority, by vir-
** tue of this act, and of the
** letters {latents under your
** highness, your heirs nnd sue*
** cessors, to exercise, use, exe-
** cute all the premises accord-
** ing to the tenor and eflcTct of
^^ the said letters patents, any
'* matter or cause to the con-
trary in any wise notwith-
standing.*^ Now their letters
patents enable them to attach,
fine, or imprison, &c. ; in doing
whereof they are sufficiently
empowered by the commisMon.
When Charta Magna was
made, ecclesiastiGal jurisdiction,
though it was de Jurt^ it was
not de Jucto, in the king;
whereby it plainly appears that
those words related not to the
ecclesiastical jurisdiction, but
only to crimes belonging to the
common law. But since the
parliament hath declared ec-
clesiastical jurisdiction in tlie
queen, the ecclesiastical persons
might impose such penalties,
even to the condemning of
heretics, though never tried by
a jury.
It appearpth by the preamble
of that statute, that the words
cannot be stretched to letten
patimts of that nature, but be-
long only to such; to private
CfiJIT. XVI.
tff Britain.
107
Against the High Com-
mission.
coatnry to the ^latute,
which enjoineth that let-
ters patents '*• should be
•* dated the day of their
** delivery intoChancery,'*^
or else they shall be void.
For the High Commission. A.D. 1587.
30 Elk.
persons, wherein grantees are
unjustly expelled out of their
right by colour of letters pa-
tents bearing an elder date s.
Bat the most general exception against the high
eomiDiwion was this : that proceeding, cjp officio
mero, by way of inquiry against such whom they
pleased to suspect, they tendered unto them an oath,
which was conceived unjust, that in cases criminal
a iMUty should be forced to discover what might be
penal to himself; the lawfulness of which oath was
learnedly caiivasse<l with arguments on both sides.
Against the Oath ex
officio.
The common laws have
ever rejected and im-
pugned it, never put in
ure by any civil magis-
trate in the land, but as
it is a>rniptly crept in
amongst other abuses by
For the Oath ex officio.
It is true, to give this oath
to the defendant in causes of
life and death is contrary to the
justice of the land ; but where
life or limb is not concerned, it
is usually tendered in chancery,
court of requests, council of
' [U|M>n this subjt*ct gene-
rally, tee a treatise entitled
•• An Apology for Mindry Pro-
** ceediiip* by JuriHclictioii Ec-
** cleiia!»tical, of late times by
** some chalIen}(iHl, and also
'• directly by them imimgtied."
4t4>. 1593* 8up(K)^ea to have
been written by Dr. Richard
(Vmin. vicar-general to arch-
biahop Whit^^ift ; of which ImhiIc,
and the arguments against the
cmth ejr officio, which it was in-
tended to answer, a detailed ac
count will be found in Strype's
Whitgift, p. 338. One of the
most valuable pamphlets on
the subject was written by Ed-
ward Lake, chancellor to the
bishop <»f Lincoln ; of whom,
S4H» WckhI's a then. II. j 23.]
108
Tk€ Church Uutory
BOOK IX.
Jto
Againsl the Oath «x
qficio.
the siiualer praclices and
pretences of the Romish
prebtes and clergyineQ.
And where Ioob of life,
liberty, or good name,
majr ensue^ the common
law hath forbidden such
For the Oath ex officio.
It is contrary to the
ftindamental law of li-
berty, memo tenetur $eip^
9mm prodere.
It ap|ieareth by the
lord I)ver*s book that one
Hyndis called before the
commimonen cccleiiastt-
marchess and council in the
north, yea, in other courts of
record at Westminster; where
the judges (time out of miod)
by corporal oath did examine
any person whcHn. in discretion,
they suspected to have dealt
lewdly about any writ, return,
entry of rule, pleading, or any
such-like matter, not being ca-
piul.
It is granted, but withal pro-
dUuM per dcmumiiaiiomem^ fa-
mam. Sec. iemeiur seipium qfftm-
dire. Some fiiults are simply
sectet, no way bruited or pub-
lished abroad ; in whidi cases
the person guilty is not bound
to make confession tliereof,
though urged on his oath to
any officer civil or ecclesiastical.
But if once discovery be made
by presentment, denunciation,
fame, See according to law,
then is not the fiiult merely
secret, but revealed in some
sort to the magistrate, or abroad,
who for avoiding scandal to
Christian religion, and reforma-
tion of the party, may thus in-
quire of the offence, to see it
redressed and ptmished.
There is no such report in
the lord Dyer; all that is ex-
tant is only this marginal note
upon Skrogg*s his case in Mi*
cBmr. xTi.
of Britain.
109
Against the Oath ex
officio.
cal for usury, refused to
swear ; whereupon he was
committed. But upon an
information in the Com-
mon Pleas, he had a cor-
fms cum causa^ to remove
him ; so, as it seemeth,
the judges were then of
opinion that the commis-
noners could not give him
such an oath.
Though such proceed-
ings ex officio were prac-
tised by the popish pre-
lates against the saints
and ser%'ants of God, yet
it was never used by pro-
testants in their ecclesias-
lical censures.
For the Oath ex officio.
A.D. 1587.
3o£lu.
The justice of the land
detesteth that the judge
should himself be an ac-
cuser, (for by law no man
may be accuser and wit-
ncsa, indicter and juror.
chaelroas Term, 18th of Eliza-
beth: Simile M. iS.Jbl. per
Hynde qui noluitjurare coram
justiciariii ecclesiasticis^ super
articulos pro usura. Which
seems added by some unskilful
person, it being improbable so
learned a judge would have
termed the commissioners Jt/^^
ciarios ecclesiasHcos, Besides,
this cause of Hynde can no-
where else be found.
Certain commissioners (where-
of some bishops, some privy
counsellors, some civilians, and
some judges and common law-
yers) in the reign of king Ed-
ward the Sixth charged bishop
Bonner with a corporal oath ex
officio, to answer to questions
ministered unto him ; and for
refusal he was pronounced con-
tumacious i. The like oath in
matter criminal and penal was
tendered to Stephen Gardiner ^^
as appeareth by the sentence of
his deprivation of the bishopric
of Winchester.
The laws civil and ecclesias-
tical hold not the judge pro-
ceeding of office to be an ac-
cuser ; but that whereupon the
inquiry is grounded to repre-
sent the accusation.
» Fox, Ac. II. p. 681, 694. k Fox, &c. II. p. 738.
no
Tk€ Church History
BOOK IX.
A. D.I 587. Agninst the Oath ex
30 E'«- ojlcio.
therefore much less judge
and accuser,) which not-
withstanding he is that
tendereth the oath ex
officio.
Even the heathen Ro-
mans were so Christian,
that by ancient custom no
vestal virgin or flamen of
Jupiter ' was restrained to
swear, whereof Plutarch "»
rendereth three reasons:
first, because an oath is a
kind of torture to a free
man ; seamdly, it is ab-
surd, in smaller matters,
not to credit their words,
who in higher matters,
totiching God, arc be-
lieved ; thirdly, an oath,
in case they were fore-
sworn, draweth a curse on
them, a detestable oinina-
tion towards the priests of
God. And why may not
as much be allowed to the
true ministers of the gos-
pel ?
The scripture, whkrh
ought to be the rule of
our actions, affords neither
preempts nor precc«lent of
such proceedings, where
witnesses were produced,
For the Oath ex officio.
Ry the granting of this |n>cu-
liar privilege to these pentoos,
it plainly appeareth thnt all
others might by magistrates be
put to their oaths. Resides,
such were superstitiously freed
from swearing absolutely, and
not only in matters criminal,
here controverted ; an unrea-
sonable immunity, which none
will challenge to themselves.
It is not necessary that a |k>-
sitive or affirmative warrant be
cited out of scripture for all our
practict*s : suflSceth it that may
In? done which is m>t contrary
to God^s word and conformable
t CMlius, lib.x. eap. 15.
» Plutarch, Pmblems, 43.
CVXT. XVI.
(^Britain.
Ill
Against the Oath ex
officio.
and the accusers brought
face to face.
For the Oath ex officio.
A.D. 1587.
3o£lix.
William Tinclal, a wor-
thy martyr, in his Com-
ment on the fifth of Mat-
thew *», saith plainly, that
^^ a judge ought not to
*' compel a man to swear
'' against himself.**^
No protestant church
beyond the seas hath
made use of such tyran-
nical proceedings.
to the poUtic laws of the land.
Yet have we some footsteps of
inquiry in the judicial law.
When one was found secretly
murdered in the field, and the
murderer neither known nor
suspected, the elders of the next
city (of whose guiltiness there
was no detection nor cause of
presumption, save only the
vicinage and nearness of the
place) were solemnly and se-
cretly to swear before the
priest", conceptis verbisy that
their hands had not shed this
blood, &c. If this was equal
in matters capital, how can it
be challenged for tyrannical in
matters criminal ?
Allowing all due respect to
TindaPs memory, his judgment
much failed him in matters of
oaths; for in the following
words he taketh away all ne-
censary oaths, and leaveth none
but voluntary, which no wise
man will defend.
Even Geneva itself doth
sometimes proceed by oaths ex
officio against such suspected
offenders, as in the two follow-
ing cases will appear.
■ l>eut. xxi. 7.
o P. 208.
112 The Church History book ix.
A. D. 1587. There was one Cumperel of Geneva ordained
-^ minister for a parish in that territory, called Dral-
lian, who Iiad a secret design under hand to \i\nce
himself in the state of Berne» which in him was
esteemed a heinons fault. The consistory, coming
at some notice hereof, ministered unto him an oath
of mere office to answer to several questions. But
because Cumperel answered not directly to those
interrogatories (two whereof concerned the very
cogitations of his heart,) and because there were
vehementia judicid, great presumption in the com-
mon fame, the consistory pronounced that they had
just cause to depose him from his ministry p.
A fncmo- 52. There was a wealthy widow living in Geneva,
la Ommta. called Balthazar, in whose house there was a dancing
held, which is a grievous crime in that church, and
condemned by their last form of discipline. Amongst
these dancers one was a syndic, (one of the four
chief magistrates of the city,) the other an elder
(Henrich by name) of the church for that year.
Tlie matter coming to Calvin*s ear, they were all
convented before the consistory, without any accuser
or imrty, and therefore of mere office put to their
corporal oaths to confess the truth. The elder
pleaded for himself the words of St. Paul, reeeite
not an accusation against an elder under two or three
witnesses "^i which would nothing bestead him, so
that he was deposed from his eldership, and the
syndic from his magistracy, until he should sliew
some public testimony of his re]>entance.
Km frw». 53 |j„^ enough of this unwelcome subject ; only
P Inter £pitloL CslTini in *^ Calrin in hit Letter to Fs-
fol. {Mg. 421, 42a. rtlliu» Cftlvini Flpist 64.
CXNT. XV I . of Britain. 113
I must add that some there were, not offended with a. d. 1^87.
the oath itself, which took exceptions at the injii» ^^
rioas manner of offering it. They complained (howPj^JJ^
joatlj God knows) of some created fames on no|°^^
grounds, and pretended suspicions of crimes against
thoae persons to whom they bare ill affection, and
then tendered this oath (the picklock of con-
science) unto them, merely to find matter to ensnare
them.
54. Secondly, they complained, that to discover Second
their complices, in their disciplinary assemblies chil- *^™^*™*'
dren were on their oaths interrogated against their
own fathers, contrary to the rule in civil law, Filius
man torquetur in caput piUris^ — *' a child ought not
•* to be tortured in point of peril to his father's life.**
And although these accusations were not capital,
yet, because their parents* credit was so deeply con-
cerned therein, such proceedings had a strong tang
of tyranny.
55. Thirdly, the party to whom the oath wasThini
given might not beforehand be acquainted (a favour ^^'^^*"**'
usually afforded in the Star-Chaniber) with the par-
ticulars whereon they were to be examined ; and if,
by the rule of Solomon, he that atiswereth a matter
before he heareth iU it is shame and folfy unto him %
much more is it indiscreet to swear to answer a
matter before a man hear it.
56. Fourthly, they complained this oath ex officio y^u^
(Kke what is said of black witches) had only power
to do mischief, not to heal and help any ; for none
were cleared by the taking thereof, if denying what
wan charged upon them ; but the judges ecclesma-
' Pror. xriii. 13.
F17LLRH, vol.. v. I
114 Th€ Church HtMiory book ii.
A.D. i587.tical ofttimeH proceeded to a further inquiry by
~ — !!l-. examination of witncsBos on the points denied by
the parties.
fW rsfiiu lyj^ 'The nonconformistH who refused to take this
of I'itiimi
orchi»oMh.oath may be ranked into four forms: first, such as
would answer neither yea nor nay what they would
resolve to do concerning the oath, but returned, if
our souls be hidden^ tany till the Lard come^ and
make the counsels of our hearts manifest • ; but if
they be manifest, let our accuser and the witnesses
come forth before us.
taond. 58. A second sort refused not the oath in a cause
criminal, but did it with this limitation and protes-
tation, that they intended not to be bound thereby
to accuse either themseWes or their brethren.
Tbird. 59* A third sort conceived themselves bound to
reveal their own and brothers* crimes and offences,
^ to remove evil from the land,** as they said ; but as
for such actions of their brothers, falsely lepoted
offences, which were none in the judgment of the
party examined, these they held themselves not
bound to reveal.
tuimi 60. The last sort, though they took the oath as
to other things, yet protested they counted not
themselves bound to answer to any such things
whereon witnesses may be had; but if the crime
was so hidden and secret that witnesses may not be
had, they thought they might lawfully be chai|[ed«
For instance, they held a preacher might not be
examined on oath concerning any thing he had
preachcHl in public, alleging the words of our
Saviour, Why askest thou tne t ask them that keard
• a C*or. iv. 5,
CBiCT. XTT. of Britain. 115
: tkey know what I said ^. It \% hard to inakeA.D.1587.
the opinion of the first and last form to dwell peace-
mbly together.
61, We take our leave of this subject, when we
have told the reader that some twenty years since,
one being urged by archbishop Laud to take the
oath ex officio^ refused it on this reason : *^ An oath,**
flaith be, ^* by the words of the apostle, is an end
^ of all strife " ; whereas this," saith he, " is the
•• beginning of strife, yields matter for the lawyers
^ to molest me.** But since the high commission
and this oath are taken away by act of parliament,
it 18 to be hoped that, if such swearing were so
great a grievance, nihil analogum^ nothing like unto
it (which may amount to as much) shall hereafter be
subetitated in the room thereof.
62. Let it not here be forgotten, that because Nomnn.
many did question the legality and authority of the,^^^^^
high commission, archbishop Whitgift so contrived [^^JJJiJIJj!^
the matter that the most sturdy and refractory non-
conformists, especially if they had any visible estates,
were brought into the Star-Chamber, the power
whereof was above dispute ; where some of them,
besides imprisonment, had very heavy fines imposed
upon them. And because most of the queen^s coun-
cil were present at the censures, this took off the
odium from the archbishop, which in the high com-
mission lighted chiefly if not only upon him, and
fell almost equally on all present therein.
63. John Fox this year ended his life, to whomrwiiMth
in some resjiect our history of him may resemble ^' "**
^ John xviii. 21. *> Hell. vi. 16.
I 2
116 The Church History book tm.
A.D. 1567. itself'; for he in his lifetime was so large a
— Hl of poor people, to and above his estate* that no
M'onder if at his death, with some charitable ehorlt*
he bequeathed no legacies unto them. Thus have
we been so bountiful in describing the life and tran-
scribing the letters of this worthy confessor, that tbe
reader will excuse us if at his death we giro no
ferther character of his piety and painfalness. Only
let me add, that M'hereas there passeth a tradition,
grounded on good authority, that Mr. Fox foretold
the ruin and destruction of the invincible (so called)
armado in the eighty-eight, the story is true in
itself, though he survived not to see the perform-
ance of his own prediction.
64. Nor will it be amiss to insert his epitaph, as
we find it on his monument in St. Gile«» nigh Crip*
plegate, in London :
•• Cliristo S. S.
^ Johanni Foxo Ecelesiae Anglicanas martjnologo
** fidelissimo, antiquitatis historicse indagatori saga*
** cissimo, evangelicse veritatis propugnatori acerrimo,
^ thaumaturge admirabili, qui martyres Marianos,
** tanquam phoenices, ex cineribus redivivos pff»-
•• ititit.-
MAoTDr. 65. His dear friend. Dr. Laurence Humfrey, may
"*"^' be said to die with him, (though his languishing
s [A viTT iuteretting Life menta, ed. 1641. In this Lifr
ci Fox. Mid to be written bj tevenil tnslancet are given of
lut Km SMnnel Vo%^ fellow of kia enreiiung whni b« Klmarlf
Magdalene C^oUege in Oxford, oonceired to be the sprit of
IS prefixed to tbe aeoond ro- propbecj. See alao Wood's
looie of bia Ada snd Monu- Atbcn. I. 230.]
CKWT. XT]. o/BriiaiH. 117
life lasted a year longer,) so great his grief to be a. d. 1^87.
parted from his fellow-colleague, bred together in —
Ozlbrd, and banished together hito Germanj. But
•ee more of his character in the year 1596, where
bj mistake (which here I freely confess) his death is
inserted.
66. About this time Mr. William Lambert finished The Unt
his hospital at Greenwich, founded and endowed byC^S"*
him for poor people. He was the first protestant
who erected a charitable house of that nature, as
our antiquary observeth ^ ; though I cannot wholly
concur with this observation, seeing king Edward
the Sixth founded Christ Church and St. Thomas's
Hospital.
67. Indeed now (pardon a short digression) began B«uitiftu
beautiful buildings in England, as to the generality bc^n uT
thereof^ Mhose homes were but homely before, as*^"*****^
small and ill-contrived, much timber being need-
lessly lavished upon them. But now many most
regular pieces of architecture were erected ; so that,
as one saith, they began to dwell laiius and lautius ;
but I suspect not UeUus^ hospitality daily much de-
caying.
68. Amongst other structures, Wimbledon House,
in Surrey, was this year begun (and finished the
next, as appeareth by an inscription therein) by sir
Tliomas Cecil, afterward lord Burghley ; on the
selfsame token that, many years after, Gondomar
(treated therein by the lord with a plentiful feast)
was highly affected with his entertainment, and
much commended the uniformity of the fabric, till
y Camd. Brit, in Kent.
I S
118 The Church Hhtonf ofBriiabi. book ix.
A. D.I 587. the date thereof (shewed uuto him) dashed all, as
•^^ '"'. built when the Spanish armado was defeated.
Nimcon. 69- Indeed, at this time, there was more unifor-
^wruiMU ^.^^ .^^ ^j^^ buildings than confonnity in the church
behaviour of men ; the sticklers against the hier-
archy appearing now more vigorous, though for a
time they had concealed themselves.
MR. HAMOND WARD, AND MR. RICHARD
FULLER,
OP LONDON, MERCHANTS*.
It it uMual/or the plaintifto pvt ttoo or three namet tgton th*
tanu wrii, taken out of the upper Bmch. (alwaj/t provitM
the pemoru dwtU in the tame a»inty,) and thit it done tv
tace eharpet. My thankt doth here embrace the tame way
cf thriji, that to the trnaH ttock of tny Hittory may hold out
the hdier anwngtt my many friendi and favonrert. And
thit my joint Dedication it the more proper, because yo»
lice in the tame city, are of the lame profettioa, and (if not
formerly) thit may minitter the Keleome oceamm of your
future aeyuaintanet.
VTiiowa session of parliament was held A.D.
at Westminster, wberein the Hoiwe of — ^
Commons presented to the lords spi-fai.^
ritual and temporal a petition, cora-^^
j'J^ning how many parishes, especiallyJH^
■ [Armi of Ward. A buck Second son of Boatoch Puller.
[waMnt, proper, collnred, lined eaq. of Tandridge Court in
and Ting«d, or. Thii ia the t^urrev, and Frances daughter
crest of the noble familv of the of Erasmui Gainxford, of
Wardsof Norfolk; and I cannot Crowhurst, Surrey, enq. A
help thinking that Fuller haw blank for hit arm* occuni in
tniitaken the crest for the arms, the MS. Visitation of Middle.
I can find no trace whatever of nex, p. 3. 1664. Thii is all the
this person. information which, after con-
Arms of Fuller. Argent, siderable search, I hare been
Three bam and a canton gulea. able to gain respecting him.]
|4
AM K*: ill the iitirth of FltiyUfHl aini W'alt*^ mm* fi«*%tituU'
of pn*a4-lifix ftini no mn* tAk«*fi to •u|»|>lv th<*tn.
Siit4*«*ti WfH* tlu* |«utirulanb. «ilH«n-«>f the »ii fir»t
wt*n* Apiiti^l iiiMiflirifrit riiiiiUti-r^ ; \%*rj raiTH'^tlv
|in*iv»infr ttif*ir taking tin* «iiifnr into t)M*ir M*nou«
roniiiilonition, for *|Nt«*Iy hnIh*^ of \\u* jpit*Taiiciii
lbi*n-in c<»ntainiii.
vtl. Thiit no oath or inih^ri|ftion mi;rht Iw tim-
i\i*Tvi\ to aiiv at thc»ir t*titnitir«* int«» niini*trv. Iiut
«urh an '\% vxyrvrnX} |»n*«irhlM*«l hy lh«* ktatut«*« of
ibin n*alm. rxr^*|»t th«* <uith a^n^itiAt r<»mi|»l «*ntrrin|r
▼ill. That thet mmr not hi* tnMih|i*«l for fmii«i«»fi
fif iwitiK* ritm or portion* jir^-M^nhnl in th«» Ihmk i^f
l*oninion IVavrr.
ix. Tliat thrv niaj not Im* rallf«l ainl ur;^«il ti»
aiiJ»Hi*r lii*fon* thi* olRi-iaU ainl o>niniiw4uit5i, hut
bef«»n* tht* hi]»ho|ia theniM^^ea.
X. That such an luul tiifu (m«|it*n<h^l f»r 4lc|iri«r«l
for no olh(*r ortt*nct\ hut (miIt for not •tilnrnhinr.
mi^ht Im* n-<itor%-«l ; an«i that the tH«h«»|M «<hiM fur-
bear thfir rtroniniuniration. rs *tjlkrt$» m^m. of pHll)i
an<l h^aniffl pn'arhrrx n«»t ih-ft«rtf«l fi»r o|wn olTt-nor
of liff. or A|i|>an*nt vm*r in tli»ririnf.
xi. Tliat thrr nii^ht not \n* ralh*«i lwft»r^» the hi|fli
cnninii«nion, f»r out of the* «h<ir«-w* wh^rr tlM<% hvt^L
exci*|it for mm%** ntitahh* o(fi>nre.
lu. Tlial il mi^^hl In* |K*miitt<*<i to th«*ni. io r%rfit
arrh€l€*«rf»nnr. Iti ha>r Mime roninif»n ri<»rri«i^ afnl
r«niff*rt*ne<*« anion;:^t th4*m<i«*N«-%, to Im* hniil«'«l ainl
|»n-M*nUM| hT the «»nhium<*«.
xiii. That th«* hi^h r«*ti«un* of rxr«»ffnmQnirati«»n
maT ntH lie denounced or eaerulcvl Uw ^omII
malteni.
aiv. Noc by ehaoeellon^ comi
CBNT. XVI. of Britain. 1S81
bat by the bishops themselves, with assistance ofA.D. 1587.
30 ElUB.
grave persons.
XV. xvi. That non-residency may be quite removed
out of the church, or at least that (according to the
Queen's Ii^junctions, Art 44) no non-resident having
already a licence or faculty may enjoy it, unless he
depute an able curate, that may weekly preach and
catechise, as is required in her majesty's Injunctions.
Of all these particulars the house fell most fiercely
cm the debate of pluralities, and the effect thereof,
non-residents.
2. ArcfaMshop Whitgifb pleaded that licences for The arch-
non -residency were at the present but seldom piea for
granted ; and yet, in way of recovering health by ^^S]*^ '
changing of air, of study for a time in the university,
of mortal enmity borne by some in the parish, of
profieeation of law, or of being employed in public
aflBurs, they cannot be wholly abrogated ; that there
were in England four thousand five hundred bene-
fices, with cure, not above ten and most of them
under eight pounds in the first-fruits book, which
cannot be furnished with able pastors, as the peti-
tioners desire, because of the smallness of their
livings. Moreover he affirmed, that whatever was
pretended to the contrary, England at that time
flourished with able ministers more than ever before
— ^yea, had more than all Christendom besides.
3. The lord Grey rejoined to this assertion ofThaiord
** more learned ministers in the Church of England rej^nder.
" than ever heretofore — nay, than in all the reformed
'' churches in Christendom," this, "that it was not
" to be attributed to the bishops or their actions,
" but to God, who now opened the hearts of many
" to see into the truth, and that the schools were
*' better observed."
ii
44
122 The Church HitUtry book ix.
A.I). 1587. 4. The lord-treasurer Burghley, seeming to mode-
.il-ll!l^ rate betwixt them, after a long and learned oration,
2!J1SiIJI!^* concluded, " that he was not so scrupulous as abso-
^Sr^ *• lutely to like of the bill against pluralities, without
** any exception ; for he did favour both learning,
** and wished a com|)etent reward to it ; and there-
** fore could like and allow a learned man to liave
" two benefices, so they were both in one parish,
*^ that is to say, in one diocese, and not one in the
** diocese of Winchester and another in the north,
*' where the several diocesans would have no regard
of them ; whereas, being both in one diocese, the
bishop would look unto them.**
otii«iii- 5. Here it was signified that her majesty was
acquainted with the matter, and that she was very
forward to redress tlie faults, and therefore required
the bi8ho|>s not to hinder her good and gracious
purpose, for that her miyesty would confer with
them.
Tbr lord 6. Tlic lord Grey again said, " he greatly won-
(qiurrv ^ dered at her majesty, that she would make choice
wUttZ or, ** to confer with those who were all enemies to
m^ukT ** '^''^™**^'o"» for that it merely touched their free-
of RntiMn. «* holds I and therefore he thought it irood the house
cAri of ** should make choice of some to be joined with
fvpM K ** them ; also he wished the bishops might be served
** as they were in king Henry the Eighth's days,
^ when, as in the case of pntmunire^ they were all
*• thrust out of doors.**
^ [It WM, doubiltna, the lord or oouncil-tmblr tided with the
Grey of Wilton ; for thit lord. anti-preUiUcd party. Worthies,
M Luiyd nyt, wm but a bM?k. I. 477. He wm equally dk-
frieiid Ui bithopa, and in all tinguithed for hit miaooodnd
of votes in parliament and cmeltj in Ireland.]
CEMT. XTi. tf Britain. 128
7. Then the lord-treasurer add, ^ that the bishops, a.d. 1587.
*• if they were wise, would themselves be humble —
** suitovB to ber majesty to have some of the tem-
^ poial lords joined with them."
8. The lord-chamberlain utterly disliked the lord
Grey's motion, alleging, ^' that it was not to be liked
** of that the lords should appoint her majesty any
*^ to confer withal, but that it should be left to
•• her own dection.**
9. Matters flying thus high, the archbishop, with ThebiAow
the rest of the clergy, conceived it the safest way petition the
to apply themselves by petition to the queen, which *'****^
they presented as followeth :
" To the Queen's most excellent Majesty.
** The wofiil and distressed state whereinto we are
** like to fall forceth us, with grief of heart, in most
•* humble manner to crave your majesty's most sove-
^ reign protection ; for the pretence being made the
^ maintenance and increase of a learned ministry,
** when it is thoroughly weighed, decayeth learning,
** spoileth their livings, taketh away the set form
^ of prayer in the church, and is the means to bring
^ in confusion and barbarism. How dangerous in-
^ novations are in a settled estate, whosoever hath
*• judgment perceiveth. Set dangers apart, yet such
^ great inconveniences may ensue, as will make a
'' state lamentable and miserable. Our neighbours'
^* miseries might make us feariiil, but that we know
*• who rules the same. All the reformed churches
'* in Europe cannot compare with England in the
** number of learned ministers. These benefits of
** your majesty's most sacred and careful government
'' with hearty joy we feel, and humbly acknowledge ;
1S4 The Church Hiiiory book \x.
A. P. 1^87. «« ftenseloss are they that repiiie at it» and careless
** who lightly regard it. The respect hereof made
'^ the prophet to say, Dii estis. All the fiiithfal and
** discreet clergy say, O Dta certe — Nothing is ira-
** possible with God ^. Requests without grounded
** reasons are lightly to be rejected. We therefore;
** not as directors, but as humble remembrancers,
** beseech your highness' favourable beholding of our
'^ present state, and what it will be in time to come,
^ if the bill against pluralities should take any
*♦ place;*
To the {)etition were annexed a catalogue of those
inconveniences to the state present, state to come,
cathedral churches, universities, to her miyesty, to
religion — in case pluralities were taken away — here
too large to be inserted '. So that, in effect, nothing
Mus effected as in relation to this matter, but things
^ left in statu quo prins at the dissolution of this
parliament.
Theteth 10. Amougst the mortalities of this year, most
remarkable the death of Richard Barnes, bishop of
Durham, one commendable in himself, but much
suffering for the corruption and viciousness of John
Barnes, his brother, and chancellor ^ This bishop
was bre<l in Brasenose College, made suffSragan of
Nottingham, (the last, I believe, who wore that
title,) and behaved himself very gravely in his dio-
cese ; a great friend at last to Bernard Gilpin,
though at first by some ill instruments inct^nsed
« [•• A Grrrk •enience," (o!i- uetiticio, are printed in Hinrpe't
■mrrt Strrpr, who h«a alio Whitffift. p. a 80.]
printed Uim letter.) ** fmbely • Bitbop CttHetoa't lifr of
'* And illegiblv written in tbe Bernard C2ilpin« p. 190. [FuU
• eofiT.- Whiuift. aSo] ler't Worths, ll. 197.]
^ [TWiv, wuli tlM sbofv
•f hbiuip
1;
cKVT. XTi. of Britain. 1S5
against him '; and seeing they were loving in their a. d. 1587.
Ktos, their memories in my book shall not be
divided, though I confess the latter died some three
years before.
11. This Bernard Gilpin, bom of a right worship- And of
fdl family, at Kentmire in Westmoreland, had Cuth-oiipin.
bCTt Tonstall, bishop of Durham, for his great-uncle.
He was bred first in Queen's College, then Christ-
ehorch, in Oxford ; and no doubt the prayers of
Peter Martyr conduced to his conversion to be a
protestant ; for he, hearing this Gilpin dispute cor-
dially on the popish party, desired of God that so
good affections might not be misguided, and at last
obtained his desire.
12. He weathered out the reign of queen Mary, Hardly
partly with his travels beyond the seas, (chiefly resid- ^!^^ "
ing at Louvain and Paris ;) i>artly, after his return, ^^'*
by the favour of his uncle Tunstall, before whom he
often cited, (chiefly about the eucharist,) but
discharged by confessing the real presence, and
that the manner thereof transcended his apprehen-
sion ; Tunstall not enforcing him to the particularity
of transubstantiation, as using himself to complain
on pope Innocent for defining de modo to be an
article of faith. However his foes so hardly beset
him, that once he ordered his servant to provide for
him a long shroud, not for his winding but burning
sheet, as expecting at last he should be brought to
the stake for his religion. But men may make
clothes, either for mirth or for mourning, whilst Grod
alone orders whether or no they shall wear them.
' [B]r Hush Broughton, the bj hit yiolent temper, mrro-
eelebimted advenuy of biihop gance. and intubordinrnticm.
Bilson, a man whoie learning See Carleton's Life of Gilpin,
more than counterbalanced p. 3 1 1, ed. Batea.]
1S6 The Church Hutory book ix.
A. D. 1587. 13. After the coming of queen Elizabeth to the
— crown, he with more earnestness refused a bishopric
nuJ^ ^ than others affected it. His ])arsonage at Haughton,
tnie&ther.|^ it might sccm a bishop's palace for building, so
was it no less for hospitality. Fourteen villages
belonging to that mother church, the |K>or whereof
(besides many others) were daily relieved at his door;
twenty scholars he commonly boarded in his house«
* which seemed a little college. In a word» he was
commonly called father Gilpin, and well deserved it,
for his paternal affections to all ; making his yearly
progress into Uhedesdale and Tinsdale, in Northum-
berland, where people sat in darkness of ignorance
and shadow of death, and instructing them by his
heavenly preaching.
Thebrsr* 14. Now began that fatal year generally foretold
felSbdr th« that it would be wonderful, as it proved no less ^.
2^^]^ Whence the astrologers fetched their intelligence
hereof, (whether from heaven or hell, from other
stars, or from Lucifer alone,) is uncertain : this is
most sure, that this prediction, though hitting the
mark, yet missed their meaning, who both first
reported and most believed it. Out comes their
invincible navy and army, perfectly appointed for
both elements, water and land, to sail and march
complete in all warlike equipage ; so that formerly,
with far less provision, they had conquered another
new world. Mighty was the bulk of their shifw, the
sea seeming to groan under them, (})eing a bunlc^n
to it as they went, and to themselves before they
retunie<l,) with all maimer of artillery, prodigious in
numlK'r and greatness; so that the re|)ort of their
guns does still, and ought ever, to sound in the cmm
s [CAmden't EUs. 1588.]
TENT. XVI. (jfBriiaiu, 127
of the English, not to fright them with any terror, a. d. 1588.
but to fill them with deserved thankfulness.
15. It is said of Sennacherib, coming against The shame-
Jerusalem with his numerous army, dj/ the way Ma^ and return
he came shall he return^ and shall not came into Uds
city 9 saiih the Lord^. As the latter part of this
threatening was verified here, (no S])aniard setting
foot on English ground luider other notion than a
prisoner,) so God did not them the honour to return
the same way ; who, coming by south-east, (a way
they knew,) went back by south-west, (a way they
sought,) chased by our ships past the fifty-seventh
degree of northern latitude, then and there left to
be pursued after by hunger and cold ^ Thus, having
tasted the English valour in conquering them, the
Scotch constancy in not relieving them, the Irish
cruelty in barbarously butchering them, the small
reversion of this great navy which came home might
be looked upon by religious eyes as relics, not for
the adoration but instruction of their nation here-
after, not to account any thing invincible which is
less than infinite.
16. Such as lose themselves by looking on second Thb deii-
causes impute the Spanish ill success partly to theprindptUv
prince of Parma, who, either mind-bound or wind- oSnfarnJ
bound, staying himself or stopped by the Hollander,
would or could not come to their seasonable suc-
cour ^ ; and jmrtly to the duke of Medina's want of
commission to fight with the English, save on the
defensive, till joined with Parma. Thus, when God
will have a design defeated, amidst the plenty, yea,
superfluity of all imaginable necessaries, some unsus-
^ I Kings xix. 33. ' [Somers' TractP, i. 45a.] ^ [Camden, 1. 1.]
1518 The Ckurch History book ix.
A, D.i588.pected one shall be wanting to fnistrate all the rest.
We will not mention (save in due distance of b(4|i8)
the industry and loyalty of the lord Howard ', (ad-
miraly) the valour of our captains, the skill of our
pilots, the activity of our ships; but asngn all to
the goodness of God, as queen Elizabeth did. Leave
we her in the quire of Paul's church, devoutly on
her knees, with the rest of her nobles in the same
humble ])osture, returning their unlFeigned thanks to
the God and giver of all victory, whilst going
abroad, we shall find some of her subjects worse
employed in implacable enmity about ecclesiastical
discipline one against another. AhU let not the
mentioning of this deliverance be censured as a
deviation from the Church History of Britain, silence
thereof being a sin ; for had the design took eflfect.
neither protestant church in Britain had remained,
nor history thereof been made at this present.
Scurriiottt 17. But bullots did not fly about so much at sea«
as bastardly libels by land, so fitly called because
none durst father them for their issue. They are
known, though not by their {parents, by their names :
i. The Epitome. [Written by Penry, and printetl
by Waldegrave at the house of sir Richard Knightly,
at Fausly, 1588.]
ii. The Demonstration of Discipline. [By Udall ;
printed at Mrs. Crane's house» Mowsely, by Walde-
grave.]
iii. Tlie Supplication. [Written by Penry, and
printed by Waldegrave at Hale's house. Midleot,
1589]
I [Chmrlet Ilowmrd. of EUfinichain, «fterwardB c«rl of Nutting-
hsBi. 8m Cftinden, tb.]
punphka
CBIIT. XVI.
of Britain.
129
IT. Diotrephes. [By Udal, printed by Waldegrave, ^- ^gj?f ^'
at Mrs. Crane's house, Mowsely.]
V. The Minerals. [Printed by Waldegrave, at
Hale's house, Coventry, Feb. 1589.]
vi. Have You any Work for the Cooper ? [Printed
as above, about Palm Sunday, 1588.]
vii. Martin Mar-Prelate, Senior. [By Udal and
Penry, printed at Weekston's house, by Hodgkins,
Blidsummer, 158d«]
viii. Martin Mar-Prelate, Junior. [By Udal and
Penry, printed as above.]
ix. More Work for the Cooper, (&c.) ^. [Printed
in Newton Lane, Manchester, by Hodgkins.]
The main drift and scope of these pamphlets (for
* [See an acconnt of these
books in Stiype*8 Whitgift, pp.
i88, 298. Annals iii. ap. 262.
Many more were published than
Fuller has mentioned, but they
are too numerouR to be particu-
larised within the compass of a
note. A very lucid account of
the controversy, and of the
writers concerned in it, is given
by Dr. Heylyn in his History
of the Presbyterians, p. 283.
The chief among them was
John Penry, (afterwards con-
demned and put to death for
a libel written against the
queen.) a native of Wales, first
a subsizer in Peter House,
Camliridge, afterwards a com-
moner in St. Alban's Hall ;
yet so gross and coarse was
the style of these pamphlets,
that although many of them
were serionsly answered by
eminent persons, (nuch as Dr.
Cooper and Dr. Kridges,) their
aotbort were not put to shame
riri.LEBy VOL. V.
Until they were met by the
same weapons which them-
selves had nrst employed. And
thus they who had made grave
things ridiculous became a ridi-
cule and a jest even among the
lowest. Their most dreaded op«
ponent in this their own way of
writing was an author of some
celebrity, named Thomas Nash,
who, about the year 1589, put
forth a pamphlet in answer to
Martin Mar- Prelate, with the
following bantering title : —
*' Pappe tviih an Hatchet , allot t
" a Fig for my Godson ; or,
'• Crack me this S^ut ; or, a
** Count nf Cuff I that is, a sound
** Box on the Ear for the Idioi
" Martin to hold his peace,
•* Written by one that dares caii
" a dog a dog. Imprinted by
•* John Anoke, SfC. ; and are to
" be sold at the sign of the
** Crab'tree Cudgel » in Thwack-
" coat iMne:* See Wood's
Athens, I. 361.]
130 The Church HUtory booe ix.
A. D. 1588. know one and know all — ^thofte foul-mouthed papers,
like blackamoors, did all look alike) ^'as to defame
and disgrace the English prelates, scoffing at them
for their garb, gait, apparel, vanities of their youth,
natural defects, and personal infirmities. It is
strange how secretly they were printed, how speedily
dispersed, how generally bought, how greedily reail,
yea, and how firmly believed, e8|K.*cially of the com-
mon sort, to whom no l>etter music than to hear
their betters upbraided.
3^'»- 18. Some precise men of that side thought these
kwfuiMH jeering pens well employed ; for having formerly, as
pimphiftt they say, tried all serious and sober means to reclaim
the bi$ho]>s, (which hitherto provetl uneiTectual,)
they thought it not amiss to try this new way, that
whom they could not in earnest make odious, in
sport they might render ridiculous. Wits will be
working, and such as have a satirical vein cannot
better vent it than in lashing of sin. Besides, they
wanted not a warrant, as they conceived, in holy
writ, where it was no solecism to the gravity of
Elijah to mock UaaPs priests out of their super-
stition chiefly ". Tliis was conceivwl would drive
on their design, strengthen their |Nirty by working
on the |KH)ple's atlet'tions, which were marvellously
taken with the reading thereof.
TImm 19. But the more discreet and devout sort of
cbioMd by men, even of such as were no great friends to the
"^1^ hierarchy, u|K>n solenm debate then resolved, (I
''^y- 8|)eak on ci*rtain knowledge, from the mouths of such
whom I must iK'lieve,) that for many foul falsehoods
thert»in suggi*sted such lM>oks were altogether un-
* I KiiigB &viii. 37.
CKiiT. XTi. of Britain. 181
beeeeming a pious spirit, to print, publish, or with a. d. 1588.
plemsoie peruse ; which^ supposed true both in mat
ter and measure, charity would rather conceal than
discover: the best of men being so conscioui^ of
their own badness, that they are more carefiil to
wash their own faces than busy to throw dirt on
others. Any man may be witty in a biting way,
and those that have the dullest brains have com-
monly the shar|)est teeth to that purpose. But
such carnal mirth, whilst it tickles the flesh, doth
wound the soul ; and, which was the main, these
base books would give a great advantage to the!
general foe, and papists would make too much use
thereof against protestant religion, es{>ecially seeing
an archangel thought himself too good to bring, and
Satan not bad enough to have railing speeches
brought against him ^.
SO. But, leaving private men to abound in their The inttni
own sense, how highly the state (as it then stood) pbved in'
distasted these books, will plainly appear by theUJ^*^,
heavy censures inflicted on such as were but acces- JJJJJ^^ ^'
sory thereunto. To pass by John Penry and John
IMaU ministers accused for making some of them,
(of whom in due i)laox?,) together with the printers,
and Humphrey Newman, a cobbler, chief disi>erser
of them, the Star-Chamlx»r deeply fined sir Richard
Knightly and sir [ ] Wigston for entertaining
and receiving the press gentlemen, whom their
adversaries allow qualifie<l with piety, gravity, and
wisdom P ; which made many admire how their
^ Jude 9. queen Mary at her coronation.
P Sir G. Paul in the Life of See Strype's Mem. III. App.
Archbishop Whiqpft. (.61. rii. ; but I have no doubt tiiat
[A person named William the person mentioned by Fuller
Wygston was knighted by is the same who, in the depo-
k8
132 The Church History book is.
A.D. 1 58K. discretion could be deluded* and more bemoan that
^ — their goodness should be abused by others, who hail
desij]^ upon them. Here archbishop Whitfnft be-
stirred himself to improve his interest with the
queen, till his im|>ortunity had anfrere<l her, and till
his im|>ortunity had pleased her again, that they
might be delivered out of prison and ease<l of their
fines, which upim their submission was |>erformed h ;
M'hose mildness to mediate for his adversari(*s, as it
was highly commendo<l by some, so there wante<l
not those who imputed his moileration therein to
declining of envy, gaining of applause, and n^morse
of his own (H)nsciencc for over-rigoruus procoe^lings ;
it being no charity to cure the wound he hail
cause<l, and solicit the remitting of those fines which
he had procuriMl to l)e im|K>8ed. Thus imjMMsible
it is to pleasi* froward spirits, and to make them like
the Ix'st deeil who dislike the doer thereof; and if
any d(*sire to know the motions and stages of the
press which printed these biioks, know it was first
set up at Moulsey, m»ar Kingston, in Surrey''; thence
conveyed to Fausly, in Northamptonshire; thenct*
to Norton, and aflerwanls to Coventry ; hence it
was n»moved to Welstone, in Warwickshire, whence
the lc*tters were sent to another press, in or near
Manchester, and there discovered by Ilennr [Stan-
ley,] ••arl of Derby, in the printing of •* More Work
•• for the CcM>|ier." No wonder, then, if many
errnlns wen* eonmiitte^l by this (call it as you
pleads pilgrim or vagab<»nd) press, when itself was
ever in a wandtTing and straggling condition.
aitiunt taki-n ut Ljailitftli, is q ( atndimi EliaUMCha in
Gsllad K«ifei*r Weokston. Km|. anno 15SH.
Bujpe'a An. III. App. 363.] r sir O. Ptal ib.
CSNT. XVI.
of Britain.
133
21. A synod of the presbyterians % of the War- A- 1^- »58p«
wickshire classis, was called at Coventry, die decimo .
qmartU (that is, on the 10th of April,) wherein the«ynodof
questions brought the last year from the brethren
of Cambridge synod were resolved in manner as fol-
toweth : *
i. That private baptism is unlawful ".
ii. That it is not lawftil to read homilies in the
church.
iii. That the sign of the cross is not to be used
in baptism.
iv. That the faithful ought not to communicate
with unlearned ministers, although they may be pre-
sent at their service, if they come of purpose to hear
a sermon. Tlie reason is, because laymen as well as
ministers may read public service.
V. That the calling of bishops &c. is unlawful.
vi. Tliat as they deal in causes ecclesiastical, there
* [Of their proceedings at
this time, see also Strype's
Whitgift, p. 29 1 .]
* Transcribed out of bishop
Bancroft's book called Kng.
land's Scottizing for Discipline
by Practice, pp. 86. 87, who
mar seem to have had the
original in Latin.
° [Upon this point, as it
greatly affects a qnestion lately
brought much into discussion
respecting the validity of Imp-
tism as miniHtered by dissent-
ers, it may not be amiss
to state the sentiments of
bishop Sandys : " For private
•• baptism," he says, " to be
*' ministered by women, I take
'* neither to be prescribed nor
" permitted ; so have I ever
*• been and presently am per-
" suaded that some of them be
" not so expedient for this
" church now, but that in the
'* church reformed they may
" better be disused by little
'• and little." Strype's Life of
Whitgift, p. 287. The subject
was again mooted at Hamptoo
Court, when lay-baptism was
defended by Bancroft, then
binhop of London ; and so it
has been ever held by the
church of England, as by the
Western churches, and indeed
by the Greek church in ge*
neral. '* Baptismus quamvis
in schismate collatus sine
sacrilegio instaurari non po-
" test." Thorndike, De Jure,
p. 368.]
k8
•«
•«
134 TUe Church Hutory book ix.
A.D. 1 588. is no duty belonging unto them, nor any publicly to
^' be given them.
yii. That it is not lawful to be ordained by them
into the ministry, or to denounce either suspensions
or excommunications sent from them.
viii. That it is not lawful to rest in the bishops
deprivation of any from the ministry, except (upon
consultation with the neighbour ministers adjoining
and his flock) it seem so good unto them ; but that
he continue in the same, until he be compelled to
the contrary by civil force.
ix. Tliat it is not lawful to appear in a bishop's
court, but with protestation of their unlawfulness.
X. Tliat bishops are not to be acknowledged
either for doctors, elders, or deacons, as having no
ordinary calling.
xi. That touching the restoration of their eccle-
siastical discipline, it ought to be taught to the
people, data occasioned as occasion should serve.
xii. That nondum (as yet) the people are not to
be solicited puhlice (publicly) to the practice of the
discipline donee (till) they be better instructed in
the knowledge of it.
xiii. That men of better understanding are to be
allured privately to the present embracing of the
discipline and practice of it, as far as they shall be
well able, with the iR^ace of the church.
Likewise in the same assembly the aforesaid Book
of Dincipline waM approved to be a ** draught of dis-
cipline essential and necessary for all times;** and
certain articles (devise<l in approbation, and for the
maimer of the use thereof) were brought forth,
> Gira. XIV, 3 a.
CENT. XTi. ftf Britain. 185
treated of, and subscribed unto, by Mr. CartwrightA.D. 1588.
and others, and afterwards tendered far and near to — ^ — ^
the several classes for a general ratification of all
the brethren.
22. Now if Rebecca found herself strangely The Eng-
aflfected when twins struggled in her womb^ thodittracMd
condition of the EngliSh church must be conceived ^^[[jj^
sad, which at the same time had two disciplines, **"*'?*****•
both of them pleading scripture and primitive prac-
tice, each striving to support itself and suppress its
rival. The hierarchy, commanded by authority,
established by law, confirmed by general practice,
and continued so long by custom in this land, that
had one at this time lived the age of Methuselah
he could not remember the beginning thereof in
Britain. Tlie pri^bytery, though wanting the stamp
of authority, claiming to be the purer metal founded
by S4)mo clergymen, favoured by many of the gentry,
and followed by more of the common sort, who
l>eing prompted with that natural principle that the
weakest side must be most watchful, what they
wante<l in strength they supplied in activity. But
what won them most n*pute was their ministers*
painful preaching in populous places ; it being ob-
serviMl in England that those who hold the helm of
the pulpit always steer people's hearts as they
pk^ase. The worst is, that in matters of fact all
reflations in these times are relations : I mean much
rt*sent of party and interest, to the prejudice of
truth. Let me mind the reader to reflect his eye
on our quotations, the margin, in such cases, being
as material as the text, as containing the authors ;
and his judgment may, according to the credit or
reference of the author alleged, believe or abate
k4
186 The Church Hutory book ix.
A.D. i588.Arom the reputation of the report. Let me add,
^i Eii»^ that though it be a lie in the clock, it is but a
falsehood lu the hand of the dial, when pointing at
a wrong hour, if rightly follo\^ing the direction of
the wheel which nioveth it. And the fault is not
mine, if I truly cite what is false on the credit of
another. Tlie best certainty in this kind we are
capable of is, what we find in the confessions of the
parties themselves, de|K>sed on oath, taken by public
notaries, and recorded in court. For such who
herein will fly higher for true intelligence than the
Star-Chamber, must fetch it from heaven himself.
ThamoccM 23. lu that court we find confessed by one ^\t.
lemn hiimi. Johusou ^^ (formerly a great presbyterian, but after-
che*miiiu- wanls, it seems, falling from that side, he discovered
^J]J^^ many passages to their disadvantage,) how that
(<»• ^ when the Book of Discipline came to Northamp-
ton to be subscribed unto, there was a general
censuring used amongst the brethren there, as it
^ were to sanctify themselves ; |>artly by sustaining
^ a kind of i>enance and reproof for their former
*' conformity to the orders of the church, and partly
*' to pro|mre their minds for the devout accepting of
^ the foresaid book : in which course of censuring
*' used at that time there was such ripping up, one
^ of another 8 life, even from their youth, as that
^ they came unto great bitterness, with many revil-
** ing tenns amongst themselves, one growing there-
** by odious to another, and some did thereupon
^ utterlv forsake those kinds of assemblii*s.*' U
bow woful the vessel of the Knglish church ! whilst
ber ifw^pr^ai^ her ministc^rs and under-rowers, aome
7 Sm Enghnd't Houcttsiiig fur IKtciplitie, |i. 88.
CKHT. XTI.
of Britain.
187
tugged it one way, and others towing it another, a. d. 1588.
enough almost to split her in pieces with the vio-
lenoe of their contrary discipline.
24. Leave we them for a while, to behold how The am-
the popish clergy were employed, who in the begin- AdmonU
ning of this year were as busy as bees newly ready ^<JSci*rf
lo swarm. A book was set forth called " The Ad- Eng>M>d-
^ monition," dispersed amongst catholics, and highly
cried up, consisting of several parts, not unfit to be
here recited ' :
i. The authors make their entrance into the dis-
course with a most odious and shameful declamation
against her majesty, stirring up her subjects' hearts
to contempt of her highness, as being one odious to
God and man.
They threaten the nobility, gentry, &c. with loss
of all their goods, their lands, their lives, and with
damnation besides ; except that presently, upon the
s [This book, entitled "An
•* Admonition to the Nobility
" and People of England/'
gmre so great an offence to the
queen, that she ordered her
ambunador, Val. Dale* to ex-
postulate with the prince of
Parma, riceroj of the Low
Coon tries for the king of
Spain. Among the MSS. pre-
served in the library of All
8oals Ck>llege, Oxford, is a
draught of a rery full pro-
clamation, dra^n up on the
expectation of the Spanitih
armada, but never published.
Therein the queen, giving a very
detailed account of her pro-
ceedings with Spain and the
prince of Parma, two years be-
tore, and of her nesotiationt for
% takea oocanon to notice
this pamphlet of cardinal Al-
len, of whom she speaks in
extremely bitter terms, and
issues very positive orders that
if any of her subjects possessed
a copy of the said book he
should iuHtantly send it in to the
privy council, declaring it also
to be treason even to possess the
same. The violence, however,
of the book, deprived it of all
influence with the Romanists
in England, if we may believe
the author of the pamphlet en-
titled •• The Copy of a Letter
" sent out of England,*' &c. ;
the generality of them resolv-
ing to neglect it and defend
the liberty and inde|>endenoe
of their country. See Somers'
Tracts, L 433, 435, &c. and the
Harleian iWao^MXkj^ tqL I.]
ii
M
188 7Ae CAtm:A History book ix.
A. D. 1588. landing of the Spaniards, they joined thennelTeSy
and all their forces, men, munition, victuals, and
whatsoever else they could make, with their catholic
army, forsooth, for tlie words be these : *• If you
" will avoid," say they, " the pope's, the king^s, and
other princes' high indignation, let no man, of
what degree soever, abet, aid, defend, or acknow-
ledge her," &c. ; a<lding, that " otherwise they
should incur the angel's curse and malediction,
and be as deeply excommunicated as any ; because
that in taking her majesty's {)art they should figiit
'* against God, against their lawful king, against
'' their country ; and that, notwithstanding all they
** should do, they should but defend her highness
^' bootless, to their own present destruction and
** eternal shame."
ii. After all those and many other such threats, in
a high and military style, to scare fools with, then
they come to some more mild {persuasions, and pro-
mise the noblemen, that so they join with the duke
of Parma upon the receipt of their Admonition, they
will entreat that their whole houses shall not perish.
For Parsons did instigate the Knglish cardinal to
swear by his honour, and in the word of a cardinal,
that in the furv of their intended massacre there
should as gn^at care he taken of every catholic and
|K*nitent ]K'rson as |>ossibly could be, and that ho
was ma<le a canlinal of pur|K>se to be sent then
into Kngland for the sweet managing of those
affairs.
iii. Other nr);uments they use<l, draura from the
certainty of the victory : as that all the proteatants
would either tuni their coats, copies, anna, or fly
away, in fear and torment of the angel of God |NNK
secuting them ; that although none of her mnjeityli
CSIIT. XVI.
of Britain.
1S9
tolgeols should assist the Spaniards, yet their own a. d. 1588.
forces which they brought with them were strong 1-
enough, their provision sufficient^ their appointment
so surpassing that they had more expert captains
than her majesty had good soldiers, all resolute to
be in the cause, which they had undertaken ; that
the blood of all the blessed bishops shed in this
land, and all the saints in heaven, prayed for the
Spaniards' victory ; that all the virtuous priests of
our country, both at home and abroad, had stretched
forth their sacred hands to the same end ; that many
priests were in the camp, to serve every spiritual
man's necessity ; that their forces were guarded with
all God's holy angels, with Christ himself in the
sovereign sacrament, and with the daily most holy
oblation of Christ's own dear body and blood ; that
the Spaniards being thus assisted with so many
heli>s, though they had been never so few, they
could not lose ; and that her majesty and her assist-
ants, wanting these helps, although they were never
M> fierce, never so proud, never so many, never so
well appointed, yet they could not prevail. ** Fear
•* you not,** say they to such as would take their
[Wirt — "they cannot." And thus far out of their
said Jesuitical Admonition *.
• [The remarks of Watson
upon this book are subjoined :
*' It cannot be denied but that,
** in the year 15S8, cardinal
" Allen compiled a booke, at
" the importunate suite of
" father Parsons, impudently
" urging his grace thereto, to
" liare been publinhed when
'' the Spaniards should have
" arrired, for the same intent
" premiaed in the article ;"—
( Wataon's book is written with
articles and answers, and he
here refers to the sixth article
of his own book,) *' the first
" part of which booke was in-
•* tituled A Declaration of the
'• Scntencr, <^r. ; the second,
*' An Admonition to the SobilU
•• tie and People of England^
*' <l^r. Of these books a great
" number were printed ; but
" preaently upon the over-
" throw of the grwt invincible
** amuido, under their heroscd
140
The Church History
lOOK tX.
A.D. 1588.
31 Elis.
Tlie book goes under the name of cardinal Ailen«
though the secular priests say he was but the cloak-
father thereof, and that Parsons the Jesuit made it K
Others conceive it equivocally begotten, as the result
and extract of several brains. No doubt, had the
Spanish invasion succeeded, happy he who could
have laid claim to so prophetical a piece ; and they
would have fallen out as the two harlots about the
living child, who should have been parent thereof ^
Whereas now, on the miflcarriage of their great
navy, all disclaimed the book ; and Parsons procured
the whole impression to be burnt, (save some few,
sent abroad beforehand to his friends^,) that it
might not remain a monument of their falsehood.
And now the popish priests, some lurked here in
holes, other fled into foreign parts, their confiision
being the greater for their former confidence. Thus
Sisera comes off the more coldly, when stripped out
" AdUnUdo, father Parsoni,
*' for shame of the world, and
** to the end that it should not
" be known bow the expecta.
'* tion of the false prophet wtM
•• fhintrate. procured the whole
** iinpretaion to lie burnt, sav-
" ing some few that had been
" sent abroad |}i*fon*hand to
'* his friends, and such as had
*' otherwise lieen convejed
** away by the printer and
'* cithers in secret.wiw ; some
•• whereof, ferrying «iver the
** main, were wnft4*<l into the
•' Si»uth Ocean shores. " Thi^n,
in a note to the margin of \u%
book, he obM*rves, '* There was
*' never honest man, as 1 think,
** that penned such a treatise
*' •• this book here menUcmed
** to Imvs ipHM madm the food
" evdioal's mmm. who mtn
«•
' would never have pat him
name to it (at he did not)
'* but by the Tehement tuging
*' of this MaohiaveUian Jeaoit'a
" persuasion, which full sore
" repented him afterwarde ;
" insomuch that when he hoard
" and well perceived what they
*' u-ent about, for deatroying
" and ruinating of hia native
'* country, he wept teodcrir,
" not knowing how to remedy
'* it, nor much lets how to
" bridle the Jeauitical inan.
•« lencie." IKidd also, in hb
Church History, disclaims car*
dinal Allen's autlninhip of this
book, II. p. 54.]
^ Wataon'a QuodUbel% pog.
240.
* I Kings iiL
<l Wolmi «l ftioo.
CKWT. XTi. of' Britain. 141
of the garment of divers colours* wherewith his a. d. 1588.
nother had arrayed him, in her fancy running faster
than the wheels of her son's chariot to his imaginary
eonqoest.
25. This year died Edwin Sands ^ archbishop of^^^^
York, bom in Lancashire of worshipful parentage, smndi»
bred in Cambridge, banished to Grermany; after this o£ York.
promoted to be bishop of Worcester, then succeeded
Grindal in London and York, an excellent and pain-
ful preacher, and of a pious and godly life, which
increased in his old age; so that by a great and
good stride, whilst he had one foot in the graTe, he
had the other in heaven. He was buried in South-
well ; and it is hard to say whether he was more
eminent in his own virtues, or more happy in his
flourishing posterity ^.
26. The next year produced not any great church dl^''!^'*
matters in itself, but was only preparatory to thehwd
ripening of business and raising the charges against
the principal patrons of nonconformity. Indeed
archbishop Whitgift, according to his constant cus-
tom and manner, repaired daily to the council-table
early in the morning, and after an usual apprecation
of a ** good-morrow" to the lords, he requested to
know if there were any church business to be
debated; and if the answer were returned in the
affirmative, he« stayed and attended the issue of the
matter ; but if no such matter appeared, he craved
leave to be dispensed withal, saying, "Then, my
'^ lords, here is no need of me," and departed ; — a
« Judg. V. 30. the Appendix. Clarke, the
' [July 10, 1588.] punUn, has also iofleited a life
K [See some account of him of tbia biahop in hia Martyro-
in Strype'a Whitgift, p. 286, logy. See Lives of Thiity.two
who baa printed bis epitaph in Engliah Divinaa, &ۥ p. 6.]
14S
The Ckurch Hisiory
•OOE IX.
I. D. 1588. commendable practice, clearing himself from all
aspersioHR of civil pragmatical nesM, and tending much
to the just support of his reputation,
irtsdn 27. On the first of September Mr. Cartwright,
liiSrt Mr. l^Mwrl^^'lor in divinity, was brought before her maje«-
(]|jIJJJ^j^ ty's commissioners, then* to take his oath, and give
in his positive answer to the following articles ^ :
i. ** Imprimis^ We do object and articulate against
** him, that he, lieing a minister, (at least a deacon,)
" lawfully calle<l according to the goilly laws and
** orders of this church of England, hath forsaken,
" abandoned, and renounce<l the same orders eccle-
** siastical, as an Antichristian and unlawful manner
^ of calling unto the ministry or deaconship.
ii. *' Item^ That he, departing this realm into
^ foreign jmrts without license, as a man discon-
** tented with the form of government ecclesiastical
^ here by law established, the more to testify his
^ The copy of theiie articles
fonnd by a friend in Air.
Travers bin study after his
death, who as kindly cummu-
oicated as I have truly tnin-
scribed them. [l*pon this paper
Strype remark », •* I forbear to
" set down the rest «if the
•• articles, being %'ery correctly
" transcrilied in Dr. Fuller's
" Church llist(»ry, (from a copy
" of them found in Tra^em's
*' study, and ctimmunicatinl to
" that author.) as I have found
" by comparing them in his
'* printed book with the arch-
*' Dishop'a MH,, an original of
** them : only in article the
*' fdurth, in the archbishop's
" MS., the luune Ajriam m
'* miswrit Adorn in the trmn-
" script ; and at article the
'* thirteenth, the last cUuse
" there is made a new article
" in the said MS., being set io
** the margin thus : * 14. //nw,
" that he, in a lectore at Co*
** ventry, in Mr. Fen's place,
** upon Psalm cxxii., where
'* there is mention of iknmrM,
*' lalMured to teach the doc-
" trine of the Dfeabvteriea:
" and urging the discipline, he
" affirmed the want thereof to
" be the cause why some lor-
" so(ik our church, and that
'* enemies and papista woald
'* not oome near her.' *" Life
of Whitgift, p. 337. Oxf. Hvo
edit. vol. ii. p. 24.]
CKVT. XTi. of Britain, 146
** dislike and contempt thereof, and of the manner a. d. 1588.
•• of his former vocation and ordination, was con- — — —
•* tented in foreign parts (as at Antwerp, Middel-
•* boi^b, or elsewhere) to have a new vocation,
** election, or ordination, by imposition of hands
•* unto the ministry, or unto some other order or
** degree ecclesiastical, and in other maimer and
** form than the laws ecclesiastical of this realm do
** prescribe. Let him declare npon his oath the
•* particular circumstances thereof.
iii. " Itemy That by virtue or colour of such his
•• later vocation, election, or ordination, becoming a
•* pretended bishop or pastor of such congregation
*• as made choice of him, he established, or procured
to be established, at Antwerp and at Middelburgh,
among merchants and others her majesty's sub-
•* jects, a certain consistory, seminary, presbytery, or
** eklefship ecclesiastical ; consisting of himself, (being
** btsbop or pastor, and so president thereof,) of a
** doctor, of certain ancients, seniors, or elders for
•* government ecclesiastical, and of deacons for dis-
** tributing to the poor.
iv. **7/^iw, Tliat the said eldership, and the autho-
** rity thereof, certain English-bom subjects were
** called, elected, or ordained by imposition of hands
** to be ministers or ecclesiastical doctors, (being not
•* of that degree before,) as Hart, Travers, Grise, or
** some of them ; and some that were also ministers
** afore, according to the orders of the church of
" England, (as Fenner, Acton,) were so called ; and
** other English subjects were also called, and like-
** wise ordained elders ; and some others were or-
^ dained deacons, in other manner and form than
144 The Church HUiary book ix.
D. 1588. «« the laws ecclemastical of the realm do prescribe
\i Elii.
** or allow of.
V. ^ Iteniy That 8uch eldership so established,
** under the presidentship of him the said Thomas
** Cartwright, had uned (besides this authority of
^ this vocation, and onlination of officers ecclesia»>
** tical) the censures and keys of the church, as
** public admonition, suspension from the supper,
** and from execution of offices ecclesiastical, and
^^ the censures of excommunication ; likewise antho-
•• rity of making laws, decrees, and orders ecclesias-
^ tical, and of dealing with the doctrine and man-
** ners of all persons in that congregation, in all
^ matters whatsoever, so far as might appertain to
*• conscience.
vi. *♦ Item^ That he, the said Thomas Cartwright,
^ in the public administration of his ministry there
** among her majesty*s subjects, used not the form
•• of liturgy or Book of Common Prayer by the
** laws of this land established, nor in his goveni-
** ment ecclesiastical the laws and orders of this
** land, but rather conformed himself in both to the
^ use and form of some other fon^gn churches.
vii. ** liem^ That since his last return from bevond
•* the seas, l>eing to be placed at Wan*ick, he faith-
^ fully promiscHl, if he might be but tolerated to
** preachy not to impugn the laws, orders, policy,
•* government, nor governors in this church of Eng-
^ land, but to iK^rsuade and procure, so much as he
^ could, lK>th publicly and privately, the estimation
•• and peace of this church.
viii. ^ Item, That he, having no ministry in this
^ church, (other than such as before he bad forsaken.
cxiiT. XVI. of Britain. 145
** and stiU condemneth as unlawful,) and without a. d. 1588.
*• any license, as law requiretb, he hath since taken - — - —
• opon him to preach at Warwick, and at sundry
^ other places of this realm.
ix. ^ Itemy That since his said return, in sundry
•* private conferences with such ministers and others
^ as at sundry times by word and letter have asked
** his advice or opinion, he hath shewed mislike of
** the laws and government ecclesiastical, and of
•* divers parts of the liturgy of this church ; and
•* thereby persuaded, and prevailed also with many
** in sundry points, to break the orders and form of
•* the Book of Common Prayer, who observed them
** lx?fore, and also to oppose themselves to the go-
•• vemment of this church, as himself well knoweth
** or verily l>elieveth.
X. ** Itern^ That in all or most of such his sermons
** and exercises he hath taken occasion to traduce
** and inveigh against the bishops, and other go-
** vemors under them, in this church.
xi. " Item^ That he hath grown so far in hatred
•• and dislike towards them, as that at sundry times,
** in his prayer at sermons, and namely, preaching at
*• Banbury about a year since, in such place as others
^ well flisposed pray for bishops, he prayed to this
** or like eftect : ' Because that they, which ought to
•* l>e pillars in the church, do lx»nd themselves
** against Christ and his truth^ therefore, O Lord,
^ give us grace and power, all as one man, to set
•* ourselves against them.' And this in effect, by
*' way of emphasis, he then also rei)eated.
xii. "^ Iteniy That preaching at sundry times and
'' places, he usually reacheth at all occiisions to
^ deprave, ccmdemn, and impugn the manner of
VULLBE, VOL. v. L
146
The Church History
BOOK IX.
«<
•»
A.I). 15M)'* ordination of bi8ho]>8, ministers, and deacons; sun*
-^ " dry ]>oint8 of tht* polity* government, laws, orders
'* and ritoft eceU^siaNtical, and of tho public liturgy
•* of tho church of England, contained in the Book
of Common Prayer ; as namely, the use of the
surplice, the intern)gatorie8 to godfathers, &c. in
** the name of the infants, the cross in baptism, the
^ ring in marriage, the thanksgiving after child'-
birth, burials by ministers, the kneeling at com*
munion, some points of the litany, certain coUiTts
and prayers, the reading of portions of scriptun?
for the epistle and gosiK^l, and the manner of
singing in cathedral churches and others,
xiii. '* Item^ Ttiat preaching at the baptizing of
one of Job Tliroginorton*H children, he 8|)oke much
<* of the unlawfulness, and in derogation of the
•* goveniment, iHility, laws, and liturgy ecclesiastical
^ of this realm ; and ti> the justification of a goveni-
•• ment by eldershi|>H in every congn*gation, ami by
*^ conference and svnods &c. abroad, as divine insti*
tutiouH conimande<l by Christ, and the only lawful
church goveniment ; sei'king to prove and c*sta-
*' blish such olderships out of that wonl in one of
•* the* PsalniH, when» thrones an* nientione<l *.
u
<c
<c
c«
<i
44
«<
<»
• [Trii%*ern anil CurtMTij^lit
the firHt whf», following
Besii, tnaili* tlu* prviil>jtt*rmn
platform a third note of the
church, ** QM necfMiary a mtie
'* OM riikrr the truni or sacni'
•• mrHiM,*' T. ('. NhmhiI llrjily.
p. 53. Anil iiH men. uh«*n once
they leave the pule of the
church, art* never certain how
Imr they uliall Im* carried uh»ng
by the curn*nt of their folly, mi
wan it with them. Tbcj and
their followers ihortlv after be-
gan to aaiert that " without this
'* discipline there can be no
** true religion/' (Register, p.
68 ;) that " they that reject
" this dinciuline refuse to have
" Christ reign over them* and
*' deny Ilim, in effect, to be
'* their King or their Lord."
T. i:. I. 3 30. and Table Pivf.
to Demon. 8ce |. x%r,]
CXVT. XVI. of Britain. l4t
xiv. **Itefnt That, by toleration and impunity, he did a.d. i
•* grow so confident, and withal implacable against '
** the laws, government, and orders of this church
** of England, that he could not endure Mr. Bourd-
** man and others (preaching sundry times at War-
•* wick) to speak in defence thereof, but took upon
** him to confute, in sundry sermons there^ these
^ things which the said Bourdman had truly and
** dutifully in that behalf spoken and delivered.
XV. ^IteTHy Tliat in his sermons at Warwick and
" elsewhere, within the said time, he often delivered
•* many frivolous, strange, and undiscreet positions :
•* as namely, that to kneel down and pray when a
** man comes into the church, or pray there pri-
" vately, was but to offer the sacrifice of fools ; that
** it was requisite all the hearers that were able
•* should stand ujwn their feet during sennons ; and,
** discoursing al>out women and their eluldl)irth, &c.,
** did speak thereof so indiscreetly and offensively,
" that sundry of them in great grief had conspired
** to have mischieved him with stones in the open
" streets.
xvi. " Iteniy That by his persuasions, privately and
" publicly delivere<l, sundry |>ersons in and about
" Warwick were appointed to impugn, l)otli in
** words and deeds, the laws, orders, and rites *
" prescribed by the Book of Common Prayer ; inso-
" mnch as both his own wife, by his procurement
" and consent, refuscnl after childbirth to come and
" give thanks in such place of the church, and in
** that solemn manner, as thereby is prescribed ; and
** some other women also of that town, by such i>er-
•* suasion and example, did use the like contempt.
xvii. '* Item^ Tliat sundry times, or at least once,
lS
148 The Church History book ix.
15S8." when he cofnniuiiiratc»<l at the Lord's Sup|HT
LIIl** there, he wit, or Htood upon biR feet; and divers
'* others induced by his persuoflionn and exaniphN
'* l>oth then and at other times did tiie like ; and
** tliat at other times tliere, or in other places wliere
'^ ho liath connnunicatiMl, l>oth himself and others
*' (as he had ap|K)inte<i or persuaded afore) di<l walk
•* aloufif, and rtn-eive the sacrament of the minister
•' as thev iKissed hv him.
xviii. •*//rw. That for these an<l such-like disonlers
** ho was presented to the bishop of Wijj^mu', his
** onlinary ; In^fore whom, beiuf^f conventeil in the
'' consistor}' thrre, he spake to the justification and
'' uphohlin;; of such doiufif of his, and of others; and
*• tht»n* very publicly and oHensively aflimH*d and
** disputtMl, 'That the lk)ok of Connnon Prayer, &c.
•• is not establistuMl l)y law.'
xix. '' //o/i, That when bv authoritv from the sai«l
^* bishop, for his contem])t he was sus|K>nde«l fnmi
*• pn*achinpf, rf ah ofuni ffnuihmr ministtTiu he
** app4*aled from the siiid sus|K*nsion, yet did not
*' pros4M*ute within a year after, whereby (the cause*
** iK'in^, accordinjr to law, rc^niitted again to the
'* bishop) h<* the* said Thomas ( artwright, acc*oniin]r
** to tlu' fornHT priK-HMMJinps, falling again into the
"* M^ntencc of sus|H'nsion, (which was also intiniat4'<l
^ and mad<* known unt<» him,) nevertheletw, in cnn-
•• tempt of th«» authority ecclesiastical, he hath
•* preachnl at Warwick, C'oventrj", and elsewhen*
•• since the sxiid time.
XX. ** /A7/1, Whrn one* of his men-siTvants hoil
^ committcMl foniicatit»n. and gotten a Imstanl in
^ his hous<\ he, taking u|Nin him the authority of
*' the onlinarv', did ap|M>int unto the delini|ucnt a
CENT. XVI. of Britain. 149
*• public form of i)enance or satisfaction, in St. a. d. 1588.
** Mary*s Church at Warwick, and caused him to
" perform the same.
xxi. "/i?^m, Since his placing at Warwick, he,
with others, (at such times as they thought fit,)
have agreed to have, and so have had, divers
public fasts, without the queen her authority, and
have invited and persuaded both sundry persons
to be there present, and also certain to preach, to
" the number of three, four, or five, successively one
" after another, being all noted to be such as mis-
** like and impugn sundry points of the laws, govern-
ment, and liturgy ecclesiastical of this church of
England ; in which sermons both he the said Cart-
wright, and such others also as then preached, did
impugn and inveigh against the present laws^
government, polity, and liturgy ecclesiastical of
this church of England,
xxii. "/tew. That from time to time, since his
" abode in Warwick, by his practice and dealing, he
•* hath nourished a faction and heart-burning of one
" inhabitant there against another, severing them in
" his own and his followers' speeches, by the names
** of * the godly,' or * brethren favouring sincerity,*
" and * the profane.'
xxiii. " ItcfHy That he doth know, or credibly
*' heard, who were the penners, printers, or some of
** the dispersers of the several libels, going under
*• the name of * Martin Mar-Prelate,' of * The De-
** monstration of Discipline,' of ' Diotrephes,' and
" such-like books, before it was known to authority ;
** and yet, in favour of such and contempt of good
" laws, did not manifest the same to any who had
" authority to punish it.
l3
150 The Church History book tx.
A.i>. 15SK. xxiv. ** Item^ Tliat being asked his opinion of guch
•• boolcK, he answered thus in effect, or something
*^ ti*nding this way, viz. (meaning tlie bisho{« and
^ otliers there touched) wouki not amend by grave
*^ books and advertisements, and tliercforo it was
** meet they shouhl thus ))e dealt with, to their
^ further reproach and shame.
XXV. '* //«7ii, Tliat for and in tlie behalf of the
" church of England, he |K»nned, or pnicured to be
** |)enne<I, all or some fmrt of a little b<H)k, intituleci
•• in one jwrt DUciplina Ecclesire mora Verbip Dei
** de^cripta^ and in the other part IHsciplina Sjf*
** Midica ea* Ecclesiarum mu^ &c. ; and after it was
*' |)eruscHl by others, whom he first acciuainted there-
** with, he nx^oumiended the same to the censures
and judgments of moe brethren (being learned
preai*hers) and some others, assembled together
by his means for that and other like purposes;
^ which, after deliberation and some alterations, was
^ by them or mc»st of them allowed as the only
** lawful church government, and fit to be put in
^ practice ; and the waj's and means for the prac-
^ tising therc*of in this realm were also then, or
•• not long after, agreed or concluded upon by
- them.
xxvi. '' Item, Tliat for the better and more due
** practice of it within the s|)ace of these seven, six,
•• five, fiiur, throe, two, or one year last |iast, the
^ said 'riiomas Cnrtwright and sundry others (as
^ afuresaiti, accMinling to fonner apiMiintment and
*^ detenninationH by them made) have met in aasem-
**' blii*s tenniHl nyntHls, more gi>neral (as at London
^ at terms and |iarliament times, in Oxfonl at the
** act, in Cambridge at the times of commoDcenieDt,
•4
»»
CBMT. XTi. of Britain, 151
** and Stourbridge fair) and also more particular and a.d. 1590.
** provincial sjnnods, and at classes or conferences-^!^ ^
** of certain selected ministers, in one or moe places
** of sundry several shires ; as Warwick, Northamp-
^ ton, Rutland, Oxford, Leicester, Cambridge, Nor-
** folk, Suffolk, Essex, and others.
zzvii. *' Item, That at such synods and confer-
** ences it hatli been concluded, that all the minis-
** ters which should be received to be either of the
** said general synods, or of any more particular and
** provincial, or of a classis or conference, should
** subscribe to the said discipline, that they did
'^ allow it, would pn)motc it, practise it, and be
** governed by it. And according to the form of
** a schedule hereunto annexed, or such like, both
*' he the said Thomas Cartwright and many others,
^ at sundry or some general assemblies, as at pro-
"* vincial and at several conferences, have within the
^ said time subscribed the same, or some part
'* thereof.
xxviii. ^ Item^ That at such synods and all other
^ assemblies a moderator of that meeting was first
^* by him and them chosen, according to the pre-
'' script ion of the said book ; and at some of such
^ meetings and assemblies, amongst other things, it
^' was resohxMl and concluded, that such particular
'* conferences in several shires should be erected ;
^ how many }K^rsons, and with what letters from
^ every of them, should be sent to the general
^^ assembly ; and that one of them, at their coming
^ home to their conference, should make known the
'* determinations of the general assembly, to be by
'* every of them followed and put in practice ; which
'* course in sundry places of this realm bath, within
l4
C4
152 The Church History book \x»
.i>. i59o.«' the time aforesaid, been accordingly followed and
— '- — " perfoniied.
xxix. ^ Item^ Tliat he, with others, in some such
i clasHis or conference, or in a synod or more general
^ assembly holden, did treat and dispute, among
^ other ]N)ints, these six Articles contained in an*
** other schedule annexed, and set down their reso-
^* lution and determination of them.
XXX. '^ Ilem^ That he, with others assembled in
^ such a general assembly or synod at Cambridge,
** did conclude and decree, (as in another schedule
^ aiuiexed, or in some part thereof is contained,)
•• which decrees were made known aftenrards at
^^'arwick to sundry classes there by his means
assembled, and allowed also by them then met
togc*ther in the same or like form.
xxxi. '' Itemj Hiat all such several meetingn,
^ synods, and conferences, within the said time,
^ many other determinations, as well what should
'* 1h' done and performed, or omitted, as also what
^ should be holden consonant to God*s wonl, or
*^ disagreeing from it, have been set donii by the
^ said Thomas Cartwright and others : as namely,
** that all admitted to either assembly should sub-
** scrilM) the said IxKik of discipline, holy and synod-
•* leal ; that those who were sent from any con-
^ ference to a HyncMl should bring letters fiduciary,
^ or credence ; that the last moilerator should write
'* them ; that the superscription thereof should be
*^ to a known man (»f the assembly then to be
^ htdtlen ; that no IxMik made by any of them should
** be put in print, but by consent of the clams at
** least ; that some of them must bo earnest, and
^ souM* niort* mild and tem|)erato, whereby there
€B«T. XVT. of Britain. 158
^ may be both of the spirit of Elias and Elizeus; a. 0.1590.
^ that all admitted amongst them should subscribe -if
** and promise to conform themselves in their pro-
** oeedings, administration of sacraments, and of
** discipline, to the form of that book ; and that
^ thej would subject themselves to the censuring
^ of the brethren, both for doctrine and life ; and
^ lastly, that upon occasion when any of their
** brethren shall be sent by them upon aflfairs of
^ the church, (as to the great meetings, parliament,
** &c.) they all would bear their charges in common ;
*^ that there might be no superiority amongst them,
^ and that the moderatorship (as it happened) is not
** a superiority or honour, but a burden ; that no
•* profane writer, or any other than canonical scrip-
^ ture, may be alleged in sermons ; that they should
^ all teach that the ministry of those who did not
^ preach is no ministry, but a mere nullity ; th«at it
^ is not lawful to take any oath, whereby a man
^ may be driven to discover any thing penal to
** himself or to his brother, especially if he be per-
'* suaded the matter to be lawful for which the
" punishment is like to be inflicted ; or having
^ taken it in this case, need not discover the very
truth ; that to a bishop or other officer ecclesias-
tical (as is used now in the church of England)
none ol)odience ought to be given, neither in
•* ap}»earing before them, in doing that which they
** ci>mmand, nor in abstaining from that which they
^ inhibit ; that in such places as the most of the
" people favoured the cause of sincerity, eldership
^ should warily and wisely be placed and esta*
*^ blished, which consistory in some places hath been
^ either wholly or in part erected accordingly — ^yea.
$i Wix.
154 The Church Hittory »ooE ii.
^ in sonic colleges in the university, as he knoweth^
" hath heani, or verily believeth.'*
Tliese Articles were tendered to Mr. Caitwright
in the consistory of PauPs, before John Aylmer,
bishop of London, the two lord chief justices, justice
Gawdy, sergeant Puckering, (afterwards lord keeper,)
and attorney-general Pophani.
Mr. ciMt- 2jj^ These commissioners did not move him to
wrif(ht r»-
foMchto give in his answer, the rather because the chief
ftiMwvr on
IK>ints in the interrogatories were delivered in gene^
ral terms unto him ; and they severalty assured him
on their credits that by the laws of the realm he
was to take his oath, and to answer as he was
rec|uired ^. But Mr. Cartwright desired to be borne
withal, pleading that he thought he was not bound
by the laws of God so to do. Hereupon he was
sent to the rest of his brethren to the Fleet, where
he secretly and silently took up his lodging ; many
admiring at the {mnic |)eaceableness, and so quiet a
calm, where so violent a tem|>est was feared to
arise ^
w%inKinQ 29. Some soon after expected the appearance of
the preshyterian party, accounting it more valour to
frc*e than to keep their friends from prison; the
rather liecausi* of a passage in a letter of Mr. Wig-
ington*s to one Mr. Porter, at Lancaster:
M
Mr. ('art Wright is in the Fleet, for the refusal
^ [Se« Cartwright'i letters stron|{er eridence ci tWir dis-
during hit impriiiouuieiit. in honest j and preTaricftticMiiMcds
Htrype't Annnlii, IV. p. 4H, mi. ; Im given tlian what is betrsycd
and the retyMUu ur^ed by the by their own statements.]
puritanA atfaiiiHt taking the oath ' [Hancroft's Daogtrous Po»
just mentioned, ib. p. H6. No sitaons, p. 94.]
CKJIT. XTI. of Britaui. 165
^ of the oath, as I hear ; aiid Mr. Knewgtubs is sent a.d. 159
•* for, and sundry worthy ministers are disquieted, *
** who have been spared long : so tliat we look for
** 0oiiie bickering ere long, and then a battle, which
** cannot long endure *"."
Words variously expounded, as men*s fancies
directed them. Some conceived that this bickering
and battle did barely import a passive . conflict,
wlierein their patience was to encounter the power
of their adversaries, and to conquer by suffering:
fmrallel to the apostle's words, Without were /fght-
inifs^^ meaning combats to wrestle with in many
difficulties op])osing their proceedings. Others ex-
|Hnin<Ied the words literally, not of a tame but wild
battle, and of some intended violence, as if shortly
thev would muster their hitherto invisible forces to
storm the fleet, and rescue their friends therein.
A third sort beheld Wigington, the writer of these
wonis, as one but of the soberer sort of distracted
men; and therefore in vain do staid heads make
serious comments on light men's random expres-
sions, where the knot is neither to be untied nor
cut, but cast away.
30. Now the principal pillars of the presbyterian The u
fiarty, being some in restraint, more in trouble, allwr ■
in fear, applied themselves by their secret solicitors Jj^*
to James king of Scotland, and pnK'ured his letter**"
to the queen in their behalf, seconded with another
to the same effect. They conceived so potent a
petitioner must needs prevail, especially in this
juncture of time, the queen having lately (since she
>B [Bancroft's Dangerous Portions, p. 142.]
■ 3 Cor. vii. 5.
156 TheChirch History book ix.
A.D. i5Qi.pnt his mother to death) adulecd him with fair
— language and kind carriage. Tliis letter was sent
to one Mr. Johnson, a Scotch merchant in London,
by him presented to the queen, i>erused by her
majesty, and remitted to her privy council. But
behold the tenor thereof :
** Right excellent, high, and mighty Princess, our
•* dearest Sister and Cousin, in our heartiest manner
** we recommend us unto you. Hearing of the
" apprehension of Mr. Udall and Mr. Cartwright,
** and certain ministers of the evangel within your
realm, of whose good erudition and faithful travels
in the church we hear a very credible commenda-
tion, howsoever that their diversity from the
bishoi)s and others of your clergy, in matters
touching them in conscience, hath been a mean
^ by their dilation to work them your misliking;
** at this present we cannot (weighing the duty
** which we owe to such as are afflicted for their
** conscience in that profession) but by our most
" eflc*ctuous and earnest letttT interjione us at your
^ hands to stay any harder usage of them for that
causi* ; nH)uesting you most earnestly that for our
cause and interc*ession it may please you to let
** them Ik» n*Iieve<l of their present strait, and what-
** S4>ever further accusation or pursuit de|)ending tm
•* that gnmnd, res|KH*tiug both their former merit
*' in setting forth the evangel, the simplicity of their
*• conwience in this defence which cannot well be
^ thc^ir let by compulsion, and the great slaiuler
'* which couhl not fail to fall out ufion their further
*' straiting fc»r any such (occasion: which we aaeure
'' us your zeal to religion, besides the oxpectatkm
M
4%
ft*
««
•4
C4
CKVT. XVI. of Britain. 167
•* we have of your good- will to pleasure us, wIUad. 1591
•* willingly accord to our request ; having such -^
** proofe, from time to time, of our like disposition
** to you in any matters which you recommend unto
^ OS. And thus, right excellent, right high and
mighty Princess, our dear Sister and Cousin, we
conmiit you to God's protection.
•• Edinburgh, June 12, 1591.''
This letter prevailed little with the queen, nor do
I find that the king of Scotland was discontented
thereat ; princes i>oliticly understanding their mutual
secret language, (not to say silent signs,) whose
de8ire8 to foreign princes for private persons carry
this tacit reservation, if it may stand with the con-
voniency and pleasure of him to whom it is written.
Besides, they know by their own experience that
often there is the least of themselves in their own
letters, as granted merely for quietness' sake, to
satisfy the importunity of others.
31 . One word from archbishop Whitgift befriended *'•;• J^
Mr. Cart Wright more than both the letters from thecJw *
king of Scotland. This prelate, reflecting on hisberby/
abilities and their ancient acquaintance in Trinity JJ**"
College, and remembering (as an honourable a^lver-^^JJji^
sary) they had brandished pens one against another,
and considering that both of them now were well
stricken in years, and, some will say, fearing the
success in so tough a conflict, on Mr. Cart Wright's
general promise to be quiet, procured his dismission
out of the Star-Chamber and prison wherein he was
confined."*" Henceforward Mr. CartiiTight became
*■ [He retired to a private quietly and grew rich/' uys
liring at Warwick ; '* and lived Isaac VValton ; Life of Hooker,
158
The Church History
BOOKIX.
A prtface
to theen-
.D. 1591. very peaceable, not that ho began to desert the
I — 1! — cause, but the cause him ; the original state of the
point of nonconformity being much altered and dis-
guised from itself, and many state businesses, (which
TSlr. Cartwright disclaime<l,) by turbulent spirits
shuffled into it.
32. Next followeth the just death of Hacket, for
his damnable blasphemy; and I am sensible of a
sad dilemma concerning the same ® : for not relating
the story will be interpreteil favouring of him« and
wronging the truth ; relating it may be accounted
gracing his impieties by recording them. And seeing
it is hani for one soul to attend two things at once,
some will say no author can write and detest^ nor
reader }>oruse and detest, these his blasphemies so
at the same instant, but that there will be a short
interval lK*twixt them, yet long enough to have
piety wounde<l therein. However, arming ourselves
and others with caution premised, we enter on this
sorrowful subject, the rather because the bi^t may
be bettereil by the worst of men, when considering
that natural corruption in their hearts is not leas
headstrong, but more bridled. Think not that
p. a 10. Then he wan more for-
tunmte than m<Mit men, fcir he
had srown rich by agitation
already. Hee SutclilTe. on Kc-
cleaiantical DiMcipline. Pref.
He died in 1602.]
® [For a full history of
Ilacket's iinpietien. nee a tract
entitle<l. *' C'onApinicy for pre-
'* tended Heformation ; via.
*' Prenbyterial Discipline : a
*' Treatise diiicovering the late
" Denignnienta and (*ouniei
** held for AdTancemeut there-
•' of by William Haeket. yeiu
" man, Edmund C^^pinger,
'* and IlenryArthington.grnt.,
'* out of flthm depoaitiona, and
'* their own lettera, writings.
" and amfeniona, upoo exa*
*' mination, Ike. Written by
•• Richard Coain, LL.O., IXvn
" of the Arches, and Official
** Principal to Arcfabiakop
" Whitgift. PuMiabed by an.
*' thority, 1592. R4»printed at
'* f/ondon, i<^."]
cxiTT. XVI. of Britain, 159
Hacket and his two companions were worse by a. 0.1591.
nature than all others of the English nation. I tell — t
70a nay, for if God's restraining grace be taken
from OS, we shall all run unto the same excess of
riot.
38. This William Hacket was bom in Oundle tii« dm-
in Northamptonshire ; of so cruel and fierce a Hacket.
nature, that he is reported to have bit off and eat
down the nose of his schoolmaster; a maltster by
trade, which calling being too narrow for his active
fioul, he undertook to be a . discoverer of and in-
former against recusants, an em})loyment which
often procured his admittance into the presence of
great |>ersons when his betters were excluded ; one
of a bold and confident nature, who, though but an
invited guest where many clerg)'men were present,
would always presume to say grace and pray before
them; a great stickler for the Geneva discipline,
being very great with Wigington aiul other the
most violent of that faction, always inculcating that
some extraonlinary course must be presently taken
with the obstructers thereof. Once he desjKjrately
took his dagger, and violently struck the same into
the picture of the queen, aiming at her heart therein
by projiortion. lie pretended also to revelations,
inime<Iiate raptures and discourses with God, as also
to buffetings of Satan, attesting the truth thereof
with most direful oaths and execrations.
34. One argument Hacket used to allege, toHUimm-
prove his own invulnerability — IxH^use he proffered JlillJII^iS'
leave to any one to kill him that would ; the cun-
ning imfiostor knowing full well that it was death
for any to do it, being secured from such violence,
not by any secret quality in himself, but by the gocnl
160
The Church Hiaiary
•OOE IX.
i>. 1591. laws of tho queen, against whom he so bitterlj in-
L! — veighed. He railed also against the archbishop
Whitgift an<I chancellor Hatton, with other of the
privy counsetlon^ pn'tending himself sent from hea-
ven to refonn church and state, and bring in a new
discipline into Imth by extraordinary means.
rUfiwd 35. Aftemiards he gave it out that the princijial
phnT* spirit of the Messias rested in him, and had two
attendants — Edmund Coppinger (the queen's ser-
vant, and one of good descent) for his pniphet of
mercy, and Henry Arthington (a Yorkshire gentle-
man) for his prophet of judgment p. These pro-
claimed out of a cart in Chea|>side that Christ was
come in Hacket, with his fan in his hand« to purge
the godly fnnn the wicked, with many other pro-
ce<lent, concomitant, and consequent impieties ; for
who can other^'ise conceive but such a prince-prin-
cifHil of <Iarknes8 must lie pro]>ortionably attemied
with a black guard of monstrous opinions and
expressions ? They cried also, *• Keiient, Kngland,
P [Acconliiij; to Stow, those
two |H'rw>ii<i otTcrod to uiioiiit
Ilucket, :iM kiii^ ; but In*, tak-
ing ( 'o|iI)in;;tr by the huiul.
Mtid to him. '* ^'ou NhAll not
** nifMl to iiiioint me, for I
*' have Ihhmi ulri*:ii]y uii«»iiitiHl
" in he.'i%'i*n by the Holy CShcMt
•• hiniM*]f !*' Tlien Cojipinjter
Mki*tl him what his |iK*u»ure
WM to In* done. " (ro votir
•* ITBV. Uith." quitth he, '• iind
*' tell them in the citv that
** (hriit Jesmi i^ come with
" his fan in his hand to jud|j^*
" the earth : and if anv man
'* aak vou where Ih* in. tell him
'* he (ie» nt Walker's li«HMe,
*• by Hroken Wharf," (wher«»
Hacket then resided ;) **and if
*' thev will not U*lie%'e it. let
" thtMu come and kill me if
" thev can ; for aa trulr m
** Chrif^t Jetus it in hearen, au
** truly is he ocime Co judp*
" the world/* Then Co|i|un-
^*r said it shinild be ouoe
forth u-ith, and therelure went
forward, and Arthinirton fol*
lowed ; bat tTe he couM get
down the stain, (*o|)pin|(er had
iH^sun Mow in the houae to
prtK'laim news from bearen uf
exceeding gri*at mercy « — thai
( hrist Jeaus was come ! C^hroo,
Cxirt. xvt. of Britain. 161
** repent!" — goad counsel for all that heard, butA.D. 15
best for them that gave it With much ado (such ~ —
the press of people) they got home to Broken Wharf,
where Hacket lay, and next day all three were sent
to Bridewell, though some conceived Bedlam the
more proper place for them; and some days after,
Hacket being solemnly arraigned before the judges
at Westminster, demeaned himself very scornfully,
but was found guilty on a double indictment, and
condemned.
36. During his imprisonment in Bridewell, oneAnadTc
Dr. Childerly, rector of St. Dunstan's in the East, ^"^
repaired unto him, and proffered to gripe arms with J^^^
him, and try the wrists, which Hacket unwillingly
submitted to do, though otherwise boasting himself
invulnerable and impenetrable. The doctor, though
with some difficulty, (Hacket being a foul, strong
lubber,) yet fairly twisted his wrists almost to the
breaking thereof, but not to the bo\iing of him to
any confession or remorse ; whilst the other pre-
sently hasteth home to his house, locked himself up
in his study, and with fasting and prayer begged
panlon of God for his pride and boldness, that
having neither promised precept or precedent for
his practice in scripture, he should adventure on
such a trial, wherein justly he might have been
worsted for his presumption ; and discreet men will
more commend the relenting tenderness of his heart,
than the sleight and strength of his bands ^.
37. Hacket was brought to the gibbet near toiiadut*!
the cross in Cheapside, and there belched forth most •*'*"*^
4 [He wai A penon of some questered by the Long Parlia.
emiiience ; living, unfortu- ment. See Lloyd s MiMnoirs,
nately* long enough to be se- p. 510. Wood's Fast 1. 165.]
KULLBR, VOL. V. M
iGi The Church Hhtory book ix.
A. n. 1591. blasphemous execrations, till the halter stopped his
'—-^ brt*ath. I know what one lawyer pleadeth in his
behalf, though it be little cnxlit to be the advocate
of such a client, — '' that the bi8ho])S ha<l made him
•• mad with jwrsecuting of him.** Sure it was, if he
were mad, not any learning, but over-much pride
made him so ; and sure it is, he discovennl no
disteni{>er in other particulars, ]>er8onating at least-
wise, if not perfonning, all things with a com{>osed
gravity. But there is a madness which physicians
count most uncurable, and call it mode^ta itisania^
when one is mad as to one particular point alone,
whilst serious and sober in all other things. Whe-
ther Ilacket were not touched with this or no, I
will not decide, but leave him, to stand or fall, to
his own master. Coppinger died in Bridewell,
starving himsi*lf, as it is said, by mlfiil abstinence.
Arthington (the prophet of judgment) lived to
prove the object of God*s and the queen's mercy,
and printed a plain book of his hearty repentance ;
happy herein, that he met with a general belief of
his serious s<irrow and sincere amendment.
Tiiiticri. 38. Tliis business of Ilacket hap]>ened very un-
happiiyim. Seasonably for the presbyterians. True it Is, they
■fcmimt him ^"^ conlially detected his blasphemies as any of the
^''"V"****' episcopal party; and such of them as loved Ilacket
the nonconformist, abhorred Ilacket the heretic
after he had mounted to so high a pitch of impiety.
But (besidcni the glutinous naturt* of all as|K'rsions
to Mirk whrre th<*y light) they could not wash his
CHliuni S4> fast from tlu^niM'lves, but their advenquiefi
wen* as ri^dy to rub it on again. Tliis rendered
them at this time so hated at court, that for maiiv
•
months togi*ther no favourite durst present a peti-
CENT. nvl. of Britain. 16A
tioD in their behalf to the queen, being loth to lose a. 0.1591.
himself to save others, so offended was her majesty — — —
agunst them.
39. The same day wherein Hacket was executed, Mr. stona,
'' by hii coo-
Thomas Stone, parson of Warkton in Northampton- fenion,dia-
fthire, (by virtue of an oath tendered him the day uie meeting
before by the queen^s attorney, and solemnly taken 2[,^ ^
by him,) was examined by the examiner for the *{*• *'""*"•
Star-Chamber in Gray's Inn, from six of the clock «*>««of*
in the morning till seven at night, to answer unto
thirty -three Articles, but could only effectually
depose to these which follow, faithfully by mo
transcribed out of a confession written with his own
hand, and lately in my possession.
1j?/ Interrog. — Who and how many assembled
and met together with the said defendants, T. C,
11. E., E. S., &c., all or any of them, where, when,
how often, &c. ?
TTie Amwer of T. S. to the Interrog. touching the
circumstances of
I. Places of Meeting.
I. Greater.
i. In London: I. Travers's house; 2. Egerton*s;
3. (iardener's ; 4. Barber's.
ii. In Cambridge, St. John's College.
II. Less.
i. In Northampton: I.Johnson's house; Sna]K3's.
ii. In Kettering, or near it: 1. Damme's house;
2. Stone's.
II. Times.
1. Since the beginning of the last parliament.
2. Sundry times at London, how oft he remembered
not. 3. Sundry times at Northampton, how oft
M 2
164 Tke Church Hiitory booe ix.
.n. 1591. not remembered. 4. Sundry times at Kettering,
— — ^how not remembered. 5. Once at Cambridge,
about Stourbridge fair time was one or two years.
6. Once at London, a little before Mr. Cartwright
was committed, at Mr. Granlenor's house. 7. Once
at this dei>onent's house, the certain time not
remembered.
III. Persons.
I. Meeting in London^ jointlj/ or severally.
Mr. Travers, Mr. Chark, Mr. Egerton, Mr. Gar-
dener, Mr. Barl>er, Mr. Brown, Mr. Somerscales,
Mr. Cartwright, Mr. Cliatterton, Mr. Giflfonl, Mr.
Allen, ^fr. Edmunds, &fr. Gillebrand, Afr. Culver-
well, Mr. Oxenbridge, Mr. Barbon, Mr. Fludd, this
deponent.
II. Meeting in Cambridge.
^^r. Cliatterton and others of Cambridge* Mr.
Cartwright, Mr. GifTord, Mr. Allen, Mr. Snape, Mr.
Fludd, this deponent.
III. Meeting in Sorthamptony jointly or sereralfy.
Mr. Johnson, Mr. Snape, Mr, Sibthorjie, Mr.
Eilwards, Mr. Fludd, this de|K>nent, Mr. Spicer, Mr.
Fleshware, Mr. Harrison, Mr. Littleton, Mr. Wil-
Ibmson, Mr. HushbnK>k, Mr. Baxter, Mr. Barbon,
Mr. King, Mr. Proudtome, Mr. Massey, Mr. Brad-
shaw.
IV. Meeting at Kettering^ or near to it.
Mr. DainnieH, Mr. Pattison, Mr. Okes, Mr. Bax-
ter, Mr. KushbnMik, Mr. Atkinson, Mr. Williamson,
Mr. Msisst'v, tlii«4 de|M)nent.
2nd Interrtpg. — Who calknl these assemblies, by
what authority, how, or in what sort ?
Aftsitrr. — That he knew not by whom they were
CEICT. XTi. of Britain* 166
called, neither knew he any other authority therein^A.D. 1^91.
,34 £lis.
saving a voluntary or free motion, one giving another
intelligence as occasion served, sometimes by letters,
and sometimes by word of mouth.
3rd Interrog. — Wlio were moderators in them,
and what their office ?
Answer. — That he remembered not who were
moderators in any meeting particularly, saving once
at Northampton, when Mr. Johnson was admo-
nished, and that was either himself or Mr. Snapes,
be knew not well whether.
4M Interroff. — WTiat things were debated in those
meetings or assemblies?
Answer. — ^That the things chiefly and most often
considered of in those assemblies were these : first,
the subscription to the Book of Common Prayer,
how far it might be yielded unto, rather than any
should forego his ministry ; secondly, the Book of
I>isc*i]»line ^^'ns often perused, discussed, &c.; thinlly,
three jietitions or supplications were agreed upon to
Ik? drawn — first, to her majesty — secondly, to the
lonls of the council — thirdly, to the bishops. The
things del>ate4l of in ]»articular, he remembered not
more than these : first, the i>erfecting of the Book
of Discipline, and purpose to subscril>e to it at
( anibridge; secondly, this question disputed, whe-
ther it were convenient for Mr. Cartwright to reveal
the circumstances of the conference a little l>efore
he was committcHl ; thirdly, the admonishing of Mr.
Johnson once at Northam])ton ; fourthly, the de-
flating of this question, whether the lK)oks called
Apocry|)ha were warrantable to be read publicly in
the church as the canonical scriptures.
5th Interrfpg. — Whether any censures were exer-
mS
166 The Church History booe is.
A.D.i59i.eise<l, what kinds, when, where, upon whom, by
34 Llts.
whom, for what cause ?
Answer. — ^That he never saw any censure exer-
cised, saving admonition once upon Mr. Johnson of
Northampton, for miscarrying himself in his conver-
sation, to the scandal of his calling; neither was
that used with any kind of authority, but by a
voluntary yielding unto it, and approving of it, as
well in him that was admonished as in him iHiidi
did admonish.
6tA Interrog. — ^^Vhether any of the said defend-
ants had moved or ))er8uaded any to refuse an oath»
and in what case, &c. ?
Answer. — ^That he never knew any of the defend-
ants to use words of |>ersuasion to any to refuse an
oath ; only Mr. Sna|)e sent him down in writing
certain reasons, drawn out of the scripture, which
moved him to refuse the general oath ejt officia,
which I stood persuaded that he sent to none other
end, but to declare that he refused not to swear
U|x>n any contempt, but only for conscience sake.
I have insisted the longer on this deposition,
* because the first and fulU^t that I find in the kind
thereof, containhig their classes more formally set-
tled in Northamptonshire than any where else in
England ; for as the west |mrt of that shire is ob*
served to Ir' the liiglic*st place of England, as
ap|>eareth by the rivers rising there, and running
thence to the four winds, so was that countv a
pmlMible plac*e (as the middest of the land) for the
pnntbyterian discipline, there enacted, to derive itself
into all the quarters of the kingilom.
40. But when the news of Mr. Stone*s answer
CENT. xTi. of Britain. 167
was brought abroad, he was generally censured by a. d. 1591.
those of his party, as well such as were yet at
liberty, conceiving themselves endangered by his
discovery, as by those already in prison, complaining
that he added affliction to their bonds; yea, his
embracing a different course from the rest cast an
aspersion on others of his side, as less sound in
judgment or tender in conscience, because peremp-
torily concealing what he thought fitting to confess.
Many that highly esteemed him before, hereafter
accounted him no precious but a counterfeit Stone ;
so that he found it necessary, in his own vindication,
to im]mrt the reasons of his confession to such as
condemned him, if not for a traitor, at least for a
coward in the cause ^ :
i. He judged it unlawdil to refuse an oath, limited Th« na.
and bounded within the compass of the conferences, Mr. stone
being required before a lawful magistrate in a pleaoonfaHiaii
for the prince to a lawful end, 1, to try out the jJJ^J*J|j^
truth in a doubtftil fact, suspected and feared to be"P?*f**»
' at tnebre-
dangerous both to church and common weal; but such thm.
was that oath which was tendered to him, ergOy
ii. lie, being lawfully sworn, judged it unlawful
to be mute, much more to speak any untruth.
iii. If he had not been urged by oath to reveal,
yet did he judge that silence unlawful which justly
eauseth suspicion of evil, as of treason, rebellion,
scMlition, &c.
iv. He judged that concealment unlawful which
was not only scandalous, but also dangerous, as this
that might occasion and encourage wicked persons
to hi<Ie their complices in their worst attempts.
<i Carefully by me traiiHcribeJ out of liin own letters to hit
friends.
m4
168 7%€ Church History book ix.
D.1591. V. lie judged that the clearing of a doubtful fact
^ '*' nK{uireth the clearing of the circuniHtances, which
cannot be cleared till they be known.
vi. He judged that silence unlawful which leaveth
the truth friend Icsh, or few friends, w*hen she hath
need of many.
vii. lie judge<l it a point or note of puritanism
for any to stand so upon the integrity of their own
actions, as that they should not be doubted of, sus*
pecte^Iy examined, censured, &o.
Tiii. lie saw no probability nor possibility iu
reason to have the circumstances longer concealed :
1. Because many of them are already made known^
partly by the letters and writings of the brethren in
bonds, which have been intercepted ; jwutly, also, by
certain false brethren ; and, lastly, by certain faithful
but weak brethn*n, whose confessions are to be seen
under their own hands. 2. Because the magistrate
is resolutely set to search them out. And, lastly,
because divers are to be called, and to answer upon
oath, which approve not the concealing of them.
ix. He judged the inconveniences which come by
the concealing to l)e, if not moe in number, yet
greater in weight, and more inevitable than those
that come by ri'vealings ; which, as it may apfiear in
some of the former reasons alleged to prove tho
unlawfulnc»ss of concealing, so may it further appear
in iiivm^ that follow. .
X. Tiie good name and credit of any (of a minister
much more) ought to lie dean^r to him, and to all
those that love him, than his liberty, &c.; but by
tluH concealing, the credit of many good ministers is
ecli|NMMl.
xi. This concealing liath caused the continoance
cniT. XTi. o/Briiain. 169
of some in bonds and imprisonment hitherto, would a. D. 1591,
cause others to be committed, and withal eauseth
suspicion of evils, treason, rebellion, sedition, &c.,
and thereby also evil report, slander, &c.
xii. As by concealing the aforesaid, suspicion and
slander lieth still upon us all which have been in
these actions, so doth the same grow every day more
grievous by the wicked attempts of hypocrites and
profane persons, which carry the name of puritans,
precisians, &c., as those of late in Cheapside.
xiii. Although it be very like that the revealing
mil bring punishment upon the rest, yet is it not
certain nor necessary, but the concealing doth cer-
tainly cause suspicion, slander, &c.
xiv. The concealing argueth either some guilti-
ness, or at the least some faintness and fear to be
seen or knoHn in these actions.
XY. It leaveth the truth (which now travaileth)
poor, naked, destitute, and void of friends ; it casteth
the care, credit, countenance, defence, and mainte-
nance of it upon those few which are in prison,
which ought to be supported and maintained by all.
xvi. It leaveth the burden upon eight or nine
men's shoulders, which ought to be eased by many.
What satisfaction this gave to his |)arty I know
not : sure I am the bishops, till his dying day, beheld
him aH an ingenuous man, carrying his consilience
with the reason thereof in his own breast, and not
jMiining it on the precedent of any other; where-
u|MMi they {)emiitted him ]>eaceably to )>osse88 his
IMirsonage, (being none of the meanest,) though ho
continued a stiff nonconformist, only quietly enjoy-
ing his o^n opinion. Indeed ho was a downright
170 The Church HUtory book ix.
i.D. 1591. Nathaniel, if not guilty of too much of the dove in
~ — !^hini — faulty in that defect wherein more otTend in
the excess, not minding the world so much as
became a provident parent. But we leave him,
when we have told the reader that he was bred a
student in Christ Church, and was proctor of Oxford
anno 1580 % and died quietly an old man, anno I6l7»
at Warkton in Northamptonshire.
M^iai 41. Tims, one link being slipped out, the whole
iniiiy chain was quickly broken and scattered. Stone his
discovery marred for the future all their formal
meetings, as classically or synoilieally methodised.
If any of these ministers hereafter came together,
it was for visits, not visitations ; to enjoy them-
selves, not enjoin others orders to be observed by
them.
Vfkini' 42. Whereas Mr. Stone confesseth their meeting
mCir in Cambridge, with Mr. Chatterton and others, I
fin<l some of these others elsewhere specified ' ;
namely, Mr. Perkins and Mr. Tliomas Harrison,
afterwards the reverend vice-master of Trinity Col-
lege, both of them concurring, though neither of
them very active in this cause. Mr. Perkins, what-
soever his judgment was in point of church disci-
pline, never publicly med<iled with it in his preaching,
and, bcMiig pressed by others about the lawfulness of
subs(*riptio!i, he <Iecline<l to manifest his opinion
then^in* glrnl to enjoy his own quiet, and to leave
others to the libc^rty of their own consciences.
SolonioirK obsi»r%'ation found truth in him, When a
mans wayn please the Lord, he maketh even his
r Brian Twjiiv in App. Ant. • Dr. B4ncroft*8 Bagliali
Ae. Oxcm. [Wood, F. i. lao.] Honttiiinfr, &c. p. 89.
CEKT. XVI. qf Britain. 171
enemies to be at peace with him ^ ; whose piety a. i>^S9x-
procured freedom to his preaching and fair respect
to his person, even from those who in aflfections
differed and in opinion dissented from him ; for all
held Pericins for a prophet— I mean for a painful
and faithful diqwnser of God's will in his word.
4S. Bat I am weary of writing these sad dissen- Tnmdtioii
nons in our church, and fain would pass over to^ell^^
some more pleasing subject : from the renting of »»**»i«*'
God's church, to the repairing of it ; from the con-
founding thereof, to the founding and building of
some eminent place for learning and religion ; but
finding none of that nature this very year in England,
I am fain to seek one beyond the seas, and at last
have lighted on the university and college of Dublin,
which now began to be erected.
44. Anciently Ireland was the seminary of saints, The fimn-
people from all parts of Christendom repairing thither, Jl^S^^^t^
there to find and thence to fetch the perfect pattern ^ ^^»*»*^
of monastical devotion. Many hundred years after,
namely, in the reign of king Edward the Second,
Alexander Bicknor, archbishop of Dublin, obtained
license of the pope to erect an university in Dublin ;
but the design succeeded not accenting to his desire
and others' expectation. Now at the last the same was
effected by royal authority, and a college there erected
and de<Iicated to the holy Trinity. This miiuleth me
of a pleasant passage : in the reign of king Henry the
Elighth, it was enjoined that all churches dedicated
to St. Thomas Becket should be new named, and
consigned over to some real saint ; now whilst
country peo[)le sat in consultation what new saint
• Prov. xvi. 7.
178 The Church History book ix.
A. D. 1591. such churches should assume, beinir divided in their
Jit L. o]>inioDs to whom the same should be dedicate<l, an
old man gave this advice, '* Even dedicate it to the
'* holy Trinity, which will last and continue when
*' all other saints may chance to be taken away."
Tiif*irrena 45. Many eminent persons concurred to advance
honcfacftniri
Umkio. so worthy a work ; and because we are to speak of
a college wherein seniority takes place, we will rank
these persons, not acconling to their dignity, but
time of their benefaction ^ :
i. Henry Usher, then archdeacon of Dublin, brwl
in Cambri<ige, (afterward archbishop of Armagh,
and uncle to James Usher, the ])resent archbishop
thereof,) took a journey with much danger into
Englan<I, and with more difficulty procuretl the
mortmain from
ii. Queen Elizabeth, who graciously granted it,
naming the cor|>oration Collegium Sanchr nc Indi^*
ridurr Trim' fat i\ ex fundatione RegintB Elizabethit^
fuain IhiUln.
iii. William Cecil, Ixaron of Burleigh and treasurer
of England, is ap]H)inte<l in the mortmain first chan-
cellor of the university, as being an active instru*
ment to pnK*ure the same.
iv. Sir William Fitz-Williams, lord-deputy of Ire-
land, wliot*4» arms are di»servedly graven over the
college gatf, issued out his letters for collection to
all the c<»untii^ in Irtland, to advance so good a
* [Accordinit to Parr, James after \«*arda that tlie aoa oi
Htanihumt, TiJier'ii matemul iicnrj Usher, mentkmed beknr.
grandfuther, wa* the first iiio«'er
va this buaineaa. Parr's Usher,
n. I. See alto Smith, Vit. Uaher' t Lett. p. 102.]
Utnerii, p. 6. It waa propuaetl
iih«mld hare succeeded biahop
lledell in the pruroalahip.
CENT. XVI, of Britain. 173
design ; and the Irish, though then generally papists, a. d. 1591.
were very bountifiil thereunto. — — '—
V. Mr, Luke Chaloncr, fellow of Trinity College
in Cambridge, received and disbursed the monies,
had the oversight of the fabric, which he faithfully
procured to be finished, meriting that verse inscribed
on bis fair monument in Dublin College cha})el,
built by his daughter ^ :
Conditur hoc tumulo Chaloneri triste cadaver^
Cujus opey et precibtUy conditur ista domtis.
'^ This tomb within it horo contains
Of Chaloncr the sad romains ;
By whose prayer and helping hand.
This house erected here doth stand y.""
vi. The mayor and aldermen of Dublin bestowed
on the college the site thereof, with some accom-
modations of considerable grounds about it, being
formerly a religious house termed Allhallows, which
at the suppression of abbeys was bestowed on their
cori>oration.
< Since married to the arch. " among themselves the sum
bifthop of Armagh. [See Parr's "of 1800/. to buy books to
Uiiher, n. 14.] "furnish the library of the
y [A circumstance men. '* university of Dublin.*' Dr.
tioned by Parr in his Life of Challoner and the celebrated
Usher, p. 9, ought not to be James Usher had the disposal
forgotten : " that after the of this sum, and by a strange
'* English forces under lord coincidence were employed in
" Mcintjoy hud beaten and procuring books for their col-
*' driven out the Spaniards lege library at the same time
" who came to the assistance that sir Thomas Bodley was
" of the re1)el Irish at Kinsale, buying books for the Bodleian.
" they resolved to give some It is almost needless to add,
" tehtimony of the gallantry of that they furnished each other
** military men, and that due mutual assistance in their ob-
" respect which they had for jects. See also Bernard's Life
"true religion and learning; of Usher, p. 4 a, ed. 1656.]
'* to promote which they raised
174 The Church HiHary BOM IX.
A. D. 1591. vii. Adam Lioftus, fellow of Trinity College in
— !L Cambridge, at this present archbishop of Dublin and
chancellor of Ireland, was the first master of the
college, holding it as an honorary title, though not
so much to receive credit by as to return lustre to
the place «.
viii. SirWareham Saint- Leger was very bountiful
in paying yearly pensions for the maintenance of the
first students thereof, before the college was en-
dowed with Htanding revenues.
ix. Sir Francis Shane, a mere Irishman, but good
protestant, was a principal benefactor, and kept this
infant foundation from being strangled in the birth
thereof.
X. Robert D'Eureux, earl of Essex, lord-lieutenant
of Ireland, and second chancellor of this university,
bestowed, at the entreaty of the students of this
college, a cannoneer s pay, and the pay of certain
dead places of soldiers, to the value well-nigh of
four hundred pounds a year, for the scholan* main-
tenance, which continued for some years.
xi. King James, that great patron of learning, to
complete all confirmed the revenues of this college
in perpetuumj endowing it wth a great proportion
of good land in the province of Ulster.
Thus, through many han<ls, this good work at last
was finihlied, the first stone whereof was laid May IS,
1591 ; and in the year 1593, scholars were first
admittiHly and the first of them James Uslier% since
archbiMliop of Armagh, that mirror of learning and
religion, never to be named by me without thanks
> [Of whom, MM the Worthier, • [At the age <»f thirtetn.
III. 4 1 i. Put 8 Uiher, p. 4. J Parr's Uth«r, p. 4.]
csNT. XVI. of Britain. 175
to him, and to Ood for him. Nor must it be for- a. i>. ir.591-
' 34 Elix.
gotten, that what Josephus ^ reports of the temple
built by Herod, kgt iKclvov tov xaipov oiKoSofiovfiivov
Tov vaoVf Ttt9 fiiv ifiepa^ ov^ veiv^ iv Se rafy w^} ytv€<r6ai
Tov^ ofifipov9 i>9 iJ^h Koii\v(Tai to epyov^ *^ during the
** time of the building of the temple it rained not
** in the daytime, but in the night, that the showers
" might not hinder the work," — I say, what by him
19 reported hath been avouched to me by witnesses
above exce[)tion, that the same happened here, from
the founding to the finishing of this college; the
officious heavens always smiling by day, though
oflon weeping by night, till the work was com-
jileted,
46. The whole species of the university of Dublin The addi.
was for many years ])reserved in the individuum ofanimwy
this one college; but since this instrument hath*****^
made better music, when what was but a monochord
before hath got two other smaller strings unto it, the
addition of New College and Kildare Hall, what
n*niaineth, but that I wish that all those worthy
divines bred therein may have their doctrine drop
as the rnin^ and their speech distil as the dew^ as
the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the
showers upon the grass *.
47. Let none censure this for a digression fromi>ubUii«
our Church History of England. His discourse that cunbndge.
is resident on the son doth not wholly wander from
the father, seeing none will deny but that proles is
j/ars parentis^ " the child is juirt of the i>arent.**
Dublin University was a colonia deducta from Cam-
bridge, and particularly from Trinity College ; thero-
^ Antiq. Jud. XV. 14. < D«ut. xxxii. a.
176
The Church Hutory
iOOK IX.
\.D. 1591.111 (one motivo perchance to the name of it) as may
— — !l- appear by the ensuing catalogue of the provoets
thereof :
i. Adam Loftus, fellow of Trinity College, first
provost.
ii. Walter Travers, fellow of the same college,
second provost.
iii. Henry Alvey, fellow of St John's College in
Cambridge, third provost.
iv. Sir William Temple, (who vrtoie a leame<l
comment on Ramus,) fellow of King's College, fourth
provost.
V. [William Bedell, fellow of Emmanuel *.]
vi. Joseph Me<le, fellow of Christ College in Cam-
bridge, chosen provost, but reftised to accept it.
vii. William Chapel, fellow of the same college,
seventh provost.
Know also that this university did so Cantabrize«
that she imitated her in the successive choice of her
chancellors, the daughter dutifully approving and
following the judgment of her mother therein.
48. This year was fatal to no eminent pr«>testant
divine, and I find but one of the Romish persuasion
dying therein, — Arthur, shall I say ? or Laurence
Faunt \ bom of worshipful {mrentage at Folston in
rhcdoah
f Aftbur
c [I do not understand why
PnlWr bas omitted the greatest
nftme of al], bishop BedeU.
Uaher induced sir WiUuim
Temple to resign, on tht* score
of infinnitv, and would hare
m
put in Sihbs, the puritan ; but
not succeeding in this. Ik*dell
was chosen, who at that time
was thought to belong to the
party. See Usher's Letters.
375-6. Bedell, however, toon
grew sick of the reoeplioa
which he met with. See hia
Letters, ibid. p. 387.]
' [See an account of him in
WcmnI's a then. L 247, who has
derivi*d his informatkio from
Alegambe's Biblioiheca Soc.
Jesu. p. 538. See also Blori,
Hist. Soc. Jesu, p. 17.]
CENT. XVI.
of Britain,
177
Leicestcrshiro, bred in Merton College in OxfoKl,A.D. 1591.
whence ho fled (with Mr. Potts, his tutor) to Lou- - "*
vain, and never more returned into England. From
Louvain he removed to Paris, thence to Mincheili
(an uuiversitj in Bavaria, where William the duke
exhibited unto him,) thence to Rome, where he was
admitted a Jesuit. Hence Po{>e Gregory the Thir-
teenth sent him to be governor of the Jesuits' Col-
lege at Posna in Poland, newly erecte<l by Sigis-
nmnd, king thereof. Yea, ho great was the fame
of this Faunt, that, if his own letters may be
l)elieve<l, three princes courted him at once to cotn^
to them. He altered his Christian name of Arthur,
l)ecause, as his kinsman tells us ^ no calendar saint
was ever of that name, and assumed the name of
Laurence, dying this year at Vilna in Lituania,
leaving Inmks of his own making much prized by
those of his own profession.
49. Now begjui the heat and height of the sad The coma*
contest l>etwixt Mr. Richanl Hooker, master, and Hookarand
Mr. Walter Travers, lecturer of the Templet We^'*''^
c Hurton's Description of
LeiceftterHhire, p. lo.
^ [ThiH Hhould rather be
referred to the year 1585, the
(Lite of Hooker's ap|K)iiitineiit
to the moHterAliip of the Tem-
ple. The errom which Fuller
committed in this account of
Hooker, he after wanls re-
trenched, accord in it to the tes-
timony of Isaac Walton. See his
notice to the reader, prefixed
to his Life of H(M>ker. iSpeak-
ing of liifthop Gauden's Life
of that eminent writer, Walton
observes, '* I am put upm a
** necessity to tay, that iu it
FULLER, VOL. V.
" there lie many material mis*
" takes, and more omissions.
" I conceive some of his mis-
*' takes did pri>ceed from a
" belief in Mr. Thomas Fuller,
" who had too hastily published
" what he hath since most in*
" geniously retracted."
Since the publication of the
new edition of H«K>ker's Works
by professor Keble, it is hardly
necessary to state that a fuU
and accurate account of thia
ccmtroversy will be found in
the learned editor's Introduc*
tion.J
178 The Church History book ix.
A.I). 1591.^1]] Ik? the larger in the relating thereof, because
we behold their actions not as the deeds of priTato
persons, but the public champions of their party.
Now as an amij is but a champion diflliised, so a
champion may be said to be an armj contracted.
Tlie prelatical party wrought to the height in and for
Hooker ; nor was the presbyterian power less active
in assisting Mr. Travers : both sides being glad tber
had gotten two such eminent leaders, with whom
they might engage with such credit to their cause.
fiookrrhit 5Q^ Hooker was bom in Devonshire, bred in
Oxford, fellow of Corfms Christi College, ono of a
solid judgment and great reading; yea, such the
depth of his learning, that his pen was a better
bucket than his tongue to draw it out; a great
defender, both by preaching and writing, of the
discifdine of the church of England, yet never got
nor cared to get any eminent dignity therein— con-
science, not covetousness, engaging him in the con-
troversy. Spotless was his conversation ; and though
some dirt was cast, none could stick on his reputa-
tion. Mr. Travers was brought up in Trinity Col-
lege in Cambridge; and because much of church
matter depends upon him, I give the reader the
larger account of his carriage.
Tnvm SI- Travers, mcK^ting with some discontents in
JUjjJJ,^^ the colh»ge after the death of Dr. Beaumont, (in
v^ "^ whose time he was elected fellow,) took occaaioa to
travel Ix^yond seas, and, coming to Geneva, con-
tracted familiarity with Mr. liesa and other foreign
divines, with whom he, by letters, continued corre-
s|M>iidency till the day of his death ^. Then returned
v [Archbiiihop Whitgifk. id \ng of Trarrrs, mj«, **!
a Ufiwr to lord Bttrgliley.a|MJi. " dwt Um faUow at Trimij
CS1IT. tVl.
of Britain.
179
he, and commenoed bachelor of divinity in Cam-^-'^vJ?9«
bridge ; and after that went beyond sea again, and
at Antwerp was ordained minister by the presby-
tery there, whose testimonial I have here faithfully
transcribed out of the original :
^ Quum multis de causis sit et asquum et con-
** sultum unumquemque eorum qui ad verbi Dei
** ministerium asciscuntur, vocationis suae testimo-
nium habere; asserimus, coacta Antuerpiae ad 8
Maij, 1578, duodecim ministrorum verbi cum toti-
dem fere senioribus synodo, praestantissimum pie*
^ tate et eruditione virum ac fratrem reverendum
Doctorem Gualterum Traverseum, omnium qui
aderant suffragiis ardentissimisque votis, consueto
^ ritu fuisse in sancto verbi Dei ministerio institu-
tum, precibusque ac manuum impositione confir-
matum. Postero autem die post sabbatum ab illo
in frcqucnti Anglorum ccetu concionem, rogante
eo qui a synodo delegatus erat ministro, propen-
** sissimisque totius ecclesise animia acceptum fuisse.
** Quod quidem Domini ac fratris nostri colendi
<i
«4
M
M
«(
«i
4«
<«
" College, being before rejected
" by Dr. Benumont for his in«
" tolerable stomach ; whereof I
" had also afterwards such ex-
" pmenoe, that 1 was forced
" bj due punishment so to
" wearj him, till he was fain
" to travel, and depart from
" the college to Geneva, other-
" wise he sliould have been
" eipelled from want of con-
" formitj towards the orders
" of the house, and for his
" pertinacy. Neither was there
" ever any under our govem-
" ment in whom I found lets
" submission and humility than
" in him." Walton's Life of
Hooker, in Keble*s editi(Mi, p.
JO. Travers's name is conti-
nually found coupled with
those of the most violent prea-
byterians, in their letters pub-
lished by bishop Bancroft in
his Dangerous Positions. See
Sp. 163, 157, where Hacket
eaires to have a conference
with him» as late as this year
i59>' PP* >50' ^ '9> 4^» ^-J
n8
180 The Ckmrtk UUiory book ix.
A.D. 1591.'' apud Anglos ministeriam, ut benigniUte raa Deus
— ** omiiipotens donorum suonim incremento et am*
^ plissimo functionis ejus fnictu omare dignetur»
^ enixe precamur per Jesum Christum. Amen.
" Dat. Antwer|>ia», 14 Maij, 1578.
" Det Logelerius Vilerius, rerbi Dei minister, et
**' Johannes IIochelcns» verbi Dei minister.
** Johannes Taftinus,
" Verbi Dei Minister."
Thus put in orders by the presbytery of a foreign
nation, he continued there some year8» preache<l
(with Mr. Cartv^Tight) unto the English factory of
merchants at Antwerp; until at last he came over
into England, and for seven years together became
lecturer in the Temple, refusing all presentative
preferment to decline subscription, and lived domes-
tic chaplain in the house of the lord treasurer Cecil,
being tutor for a time to Robert his son, afterwards
earl of Salisbury ; and although there v^'as much
heaving and shoving at him, as one disaffected to
the discipline, yet (lod^s goodness, his friends* great-
ness, and his ovra honesty, kept him (but with much
difficulty) in his ministerial employment.
H«, vhh 58. Yea, now so great grew the credit and repu-
vriib^ in. tatiou of Mr. TraverH, that^ by the advice of &Ir.
diviaity Andrew Melvin, he and Mr. Cartwright
J^^^ lemnly sent for, to be divinity professors in the
"- univenity of St. Andrew's, as by this autograph
(which 1 have in my hands, and here think fit to
exemplify) may plainly a|>pear :
** Magtio quidem, fratn*s charissimi, gaudio uoa
** afficit cfHistantia vestra, et invicta ilia animi for-
4ft
(i
ft«
Ci
C«
CEKT. XVI. of Britain. 181
^ titudo, qua contra Satanae imperium et reluctan-A^Dg^i.
^ tern Christ! imperio mundi fastum arroavit vos —
Domini Spiritus, in asserenda apud populares ves-
tros ecclesioe sua; disciplina. Sed permolestum
tamen nobis semper fuit, pertinaci inimicorum odio
** et violentia factum esse, ut cum latere et solum
*' subinde vertere cogimini, minus aliquanto fhictus
**' ex laboribus vestris ad pios omnes perveniat, quam
^ si docendo publico et concionando destinatam
^ ecclesiffi Dei oi>eram navare licuisset. Hoc quia
in [mtria vobis negatum videbamus, non aliud
nobis magis in votis erat, quam ut exulanti in
vobis Christo ho8])itium aliquod in ultima Scotia
** pneberetur. Quod ut fieri non incommode possit,
** 8{)eramus longo nos conatu perfecisse.
**' Vetus est et non ignobilis a{>ud nos academia
*' Andreana ; in qua cum alirc artes, tum ]>hilosophia
*" imprimis ita hucusque culta fuit, ut quod ab ex-
** teris nationibus |>eteretur, parum nobis, aut nihil
** in eo gcnere deesset. Verum divina ilia sapientia,
** quam vol solam, vel pnccipuaro colore Christianos
•• decet, neglecta diu in scholis jacuit ; quod a prima
** statim religionis instaurationo, summus omnium
'' ardor exstaret in enulienda plebe ; in aliis ad
** sacrum verbi ministerium institucndis imucissimi
** lal>orarent : non love ut ]x?riculum subesset, ne
** (quod propitius nobis Deus avertat) concionatorum
** aliquando inopia perirct, quod tanta cum spe in
"* hominum animos conjectum est vera^ pietatia
** semen.
^ Animadvcrtit hoc tandem ecclcsiasticus senatus,
^* et cum rege rcgnique [)roceribu8 diligenter egit,
'' ne hanc officii sui et solicitudinis |)artem dcside*
<« ran amplius paterentur. Placuit ct summo om«
n3
182 The Church Huiary book is.
A-D-^i-** nium applaumi in proximis ordinam comitiis decre-
** turn est, ut quod amplitudine ceteris et opulentia
^* collegium pnestat theologian perpetuo stodiis con-
** secretur : utque ad verbi Dei ministerium nemo
** admittatur, nisi linguarum, utriusque testamenti
** et loconim communium curriculo prios confecto :
** confici autem quadriennii spacio a quinqoe pto-
^ fesBoribus posse. Ex hoo numero adhuc desunt
^ Thomas Cartunightus et GuaUerus Traversus : reli-
'* quos nobis domi ecclesia nostra suppeditabit
^ Messem hie videtis singulari vestra eruditione et
^ pietate non indignam. Ad quam pius tos prinoeps
^ et proceres nostri ; ad quam boni vos omnes et
** fratres vestri ; ad quam Christi vos ecclesia et
** Christus ipse operarios invitat. Reliquum est, ut
^ humanissime vocantes sequi velitis ; et ad docendi
•* banc provinciam, vobis honorificam, eccle8is& Dei
** salutarem maturetis; magnas a prinoipe, miyores
^ a Christi ecclesia, maximas et inmiortales a maximo
** et immortali Deo gratias inituri. Quod ut sine
^ mora facere dignemini, per eum ipsum tos etiam
** atque etiam obtestamur, cui acceptum fern debet,
** quod ecclesias filii sui prodesse tantopere poasitis.
** Valete. Edinburgi.
** Ja. Glasgney, Academise Cancelarius. Alaynus
^ Rector. Thomas Smetonius, Decanus.
*' Andreas MELvntua,
^ CoUegii Praefectua.
*• Mr. David Wems,
^ Minister Glascoviensia.**
This proffer both jointly refused^ with return of
their most afiectionato thanks ; and such who know
leaat are most bold in their cai\fecturos to adveotore
cSMT. XTi. of Britain. 188
at the reasons of their refusal: as, that thejr would a. d. 1591.
not leave the sun on their backs, and remove so .
far north, or they were discouraged with the slen-
demess of the salary assigned unto them. In plain
truth they were loth to leave, and their friends loth
to be left by them, conceiving their pains might
as well be bestowed in their native country; and
Travers quietly continued lecturer at the Temple,
till Mr. Hooker became the master thereof.
53. Mr. Hooker his voice was low, stature little. The dw.
gesture none at all, standing stone-still in the pulpit, HooZer,
as if the posture of his body were the emblem ofjl^j^j^
his mind, unmovable in his opinions. Where his
eye ^i-as left fixed at the beginning, it was found
fixed at the end of his sermon. In a word, the
doctrine he delivered had nothing but itself to gar-
nish it. His style was long and pithy, driving on
a whole floc*k of several clauses before he came to
the close of a sentence ; so that when the co]>ious-
ness of his style met not with proportionable capa-
city in his auditors, it was unjustly censured for
{lerplexed, tedious, and obscure. His sermons fol*
lowed the inclination of his studies, and were for
the most part on controversies and deep points of
school divinity ^.
54. Mr. Travers his utterance was graceful, ges- The de-
•criptkm of
^ [" In Hooker's Annwer to " in the end ; likewine namiog
" his Supplication, it apfieare *' hhhoM in his prayer ; alto
** there was a conference be- '* kneeling when he prayed,
" tween them (sc. Travers and " and kneeling when he re-
'* Hooker) at Hooker's tirst " ceived the communion, and
" comingto the Temple, where- " suchlike." Stry|)e*s Ann.
" in Trarers took the freedom HI. 343. It seems from this
" to tell him some of his faults: that Hooker used the form of
** as his praying in the entrance biddiug-prayer.]
" of bis sermon only, and not
n4
IM TV Ckmrck HMorg booe is.
A D. 1541. tore plausible* mmtter piofitmble, method plain, and
-^^ his strle carried in it imdolrm piftaiU^ a genius of
grstce flowing from hi:» sanctified heart. Some say
that the congregation in the Temple ebbed in the
forenoon and flowetl in the afternoon, and that the
anditorv of Mr. TraTers was hr the more numerous ^
the first occasion of emulation betwixt them ; but
such as knew Mr. Hooker, knew him to be too wise
to take exception at such trifles, the rather because
the most judicious is alwajs the least part in all
auditories.
55. Here might one, on Sundays, hare seen
almost as manv writers as hearers : not only young
students, but even the gravest benchers, (such as
sir FUIward Cook and sir James Altham then were,)
were not more exact in taking instructions ftom
their clients, than in \iTiting notes from the mouths
of their minister. The worst \i*a8, these two preach-
ers, though joined in affinity, (their nearest kindred
being married together) acted with different prin-
ciples and clashed one against another; so that
what Mr. Hooker delivered in the forenoon, Mr.
Travers confute<l in the afternoon. At the building
of Solomon's temple, (1 Kings vi. 7,) neither hammer^
nor ojr^ nor UmJ of inm was heard therein ; whereas,
alas ! in this Temple not only much knocking was
heanl, but (which was the worst) the nails and pins
^hich one master-builder drave in were driven out
I [This it not fturprining ; thii time the Temple liewil
for Ah'ey, Iluoktr's pnHleces- little else tbiin tlie doctrines of
•or in till* miifttrrthip uf the Geneva. *' It wm a ciutom
Teniplf, entertained the umc *' also, in Mr. Alvej't time, to
nrinciplenasTravcra. Walton** '* rec«*ive the oomniunioii itl*
lI«ioker, |)|». 27, 5 1 . n. ; lo until *' timg." iHrjpe, tb.]
CEKT. XVI. ^Britain. 186
by the other. To pass by lesser differences betwixt a. d. 1591.
them about predestination, ^
Booker maintained Traven defended
Tbechurchof Rome, though The church of Rome is no
uot a pure and perfect, yet true church at all; so that
is a true church ; so that such as live and die there-
such who live and die ' in, holding justification in
therein J, upon their re- part by works, cannot be
pentance of all their sins said by the scriptures to
uf igiK>rance, may be be saved,
baved ^.
Thus much disturbance was caused, to the dis-
quieting of people's consciences, the disgrace of the ^
ordinance, the advantage of the common enemy, and
the dishonour of God himself.
56. Here archbishop Whitgiil interposed hisTrmTenb
power, and silenced Trnvers from preaching either the iidi-
in the Temple or any where else. It was Uid to*******^
his charge, 1, Tliat he was no lawful ordained
minister, according to the church of England;
2ndh% That he preached here without license;
Snilv, That he had broken the order made in the
seventh year of her majesty's reign, wherein it was
provided, "Tliat erroneous doctrine, if it came to be
*" publicly taught, should uot be publicly refuted,
^ but that notice thereof should l>e given to the
'' ordinary, to hear and determine such causes, to
** prevent public disturbance.**
57- As for Trovers his silencing, many which Biany
were well pleased with the deed done were offended \^S^^
at tlie manner of doing it ; for all the congregation ^i^*
J Bifing weak, ignorant, anil ^ [See Walton's Life of ^^
MeduLcd. Hooker, p. 55. J
186 The Ckureh HUiory book is.
A. II. 1591. on a sabbath, in the afternooD, were awembled
together, their attention prepared, the cloth (as I
may say) and napkins were laid, yea, the guests sat,
and their knives drawn for their spiritual repast^
when suddenly, as Mr. Trovers was going op into
the pulpit, a sorry fellow served him with a letter,
prohibiting him to preach any more. In obedience
to authority, (the mild and constant submission
wbereunto won him respect with his adversaries,)
Mr. Trovers calmly signified the same to the con-
gregation, and requested them quietly to depart to
their chambers. Thus was our good Zaccarias struck
dumb in the temple^ but not for infidelity, unpartial
people accounting his fault at most but indiscretion.
Meantime his auditory (pained that their pregnant
expectation to hear him preach should so publicly
prove abortive, and sent sermonless home) manifested
in their variety of passion, some grieving, some
frowning, some murmuring; and the wisest sort*
who held their tongues, shaked their heads, as dis-
liking the managing of the matter.
Tmmihk 58. Trovers addressed himself by petition to the
lords of the privy council, (where his strength lay,
as Hooker s, in the archbishop of Canterbury and
high commission,) grievously complained that he
was punished before he was heard, silenced (by him
apprehende<l the heaviest penalty) before sent for,
contrary to equity and reason, the law cfmdemning
none before it hear him^ and know what he hath
d(me^.
i. To the exception against the lawfulness of hia
ministry, ho pleaded that the communion of saints
■ John vti 51.
csMT. XTi. (^Britain. 187
ttllowB QTcUnation legal in may Christian church, a. 0.1^91.
Orders herein are like degrees, and a doctor gra— ^1
duated in anj oni^ersity hath his title and place
granted him in all Christendom.
ii« For want of license to preach, he pleaded that
he was recommended to this place of the Temple by
two letters of the bishop of London, the diocesan
thereo£
iii. His anti-preaching in the afternoon against
what was delivered before, he endeaToured to excuse
bjr the example of St. Paul, taho pave not place to
Peter^ nOy not an hour^ that the truth of the gospd
might continue amongst them \
But we are too tedious herein, especially seeing
his petition is publicly extant in print, with Mr.
Hooker his answer thereunto, whither wo refer the
reader for his more ample satisfaction o.
59. By the way it must not be forgotten, that in ^ A^tm.
the very midst of the paroxysm betwixt Hooker and
Travers, the latter still bare (and none can challenge
the other to the contrary) a reverend esteem of his
adversary; and when an unworthy aspersion, some
years after, was cast on Hooker, (if Christ was
dashed, shall Christians escape clean in their journey
to heaven ?) Mr. Travers, being asked of a private
friend what he thought of the truth of that accu-
sation, ^ In truth,** said he, "* I take Mr. Hooker to
** be a holy man f — a speech which, coming from
an adversary, sounds no less to the commendation
of his charity who spake it, than to the praise of his
piety of whom it was spoken.
• Oal. ii. 5. [See hit letter o [At the oonclusioQ of the
in the Appendix.] EccletiMtied Polity.]
1 88 The Church History book i x.
A. D.I 591. 60. The council-table was much di Tided about
— IL-Travers his petition. All Whitgift's foes were ip$o
mMhw^ facto made Travers his favourers; besides, be bad a
nofartMir. jm^g^ gtock of friends on his own account. But
Whitgift's finger moved more in church matters
than all the hands of all the privy counsellors
besides; and he was content to suffer others to be
believed (and {)erchance to believe themselves) great
actors in church govenmient, whilst ho knew he
could and did do all things himself therein. No
favour must be afforded Travers on any terms :
1. Dangerous was his person, a Cartwright junior,
none in England either more loving Geneva or
more beloved by it. Sndly. Dangerous the place,
the Temple being one of the inns (therefore a public)
of court, therefore a principal place; and to suffer
one opposite to the English discipline to continue
lecturer there, what was it but in effect to retain
half the lawyers of England to be of counsel against
the ecclesiastical government thereof. Srdly. Dan«>
gerous the precedent: this leailing case would be
presumed on for others to follow, and a rank*s
breaking may be an army's ruining.
kkll^^* ®'' "^"^ ^'^^ ^^^ constant custom of Whitgift : if
any lord or lady sued to him to shew favour for
their sakes to nonconformists, his answer to them
was rather respectful to the requester than satisfiuv
tory to the request. He would profess how glad he
was to ser\'e them, and gratify them in compliance
with their desire, assuring them for his part all
possible kindness should be indulged unto them;
but, in fine, he would remit nothing of his rigour
against them. Thus he never denied any great
man's desire, and yet never granted it; plearing
CKKT. XTi. ^Britain. 189
them for the present with general promises, (and inAi>;59'*
them not dissembling, but using discreet and right
expressions,) still kept constant to his own resolution.
Hereupon afteni'ards the nobility surceased making
more suits unto him, as ineffectual, and even left all
things to his own disposal.
62. Thus Mr. Travers, notwithstanding the plenty Trmven
of his potent friends, was overborne by the arch-f^2buM^
bishop, and, as he often complained, could never J^/^*™'
obtain to be brought to a fair hearing. But his
grief hereat was something abated, when Adam
Loftus, archbishop of Dublin and chancellor of
Ireland, (his ancient colleague in Cambridge,) invited
him over to be provost of Trinity College in Dublin.
Embracing the motion, over he went, accepting the
place, and continued some years therein ; till, dis-
composed with the fear of their civil wars, he
returned into England, and lived here many years
very obscurely, (though in himself a shining light,)
as to the matter of outward maintenance.
63. Yet had he Agur's wish, neither poverty nor Hk oon-
riches^ though his enough seemed to be of shortest «nd^iiiat
size. It matters not whether men's means be^****
mounted or their minds descend, so be it that both
meet, as here in him, in a comfortable contentment.
Yea, when the right reverend and religious James
Usher (then bishop of Meath, since archbishop of
Armagh, brought up under him, and with him agree-
ing in doctrine, though dissenting in discipline) prof-
fered money unto him for his relief, Mr. Travers
returned a thankful refusal thereof p. Sometimes
P [Usher was no otherwise, was nroYost of Trinitj College,
I imagine, brought up under Dublin, during some period of
Trarera, than as w as the latter Usher's studies there. In 1 593
190 Th€ Church History book is.
A.D.i59i.he did preach, rather when he dnrst than when
-I he would, debarred from all cure of souls bj his
noncouformity. He lived and died unmarried ; and
though leaviug many nephews, some eminent scho-
lars, bequeathed all his books of oriental languages!,
(wherein he was exquisite,) and plate worth fifty
pounds, to Sion College in London. Oh if this
good man had had an hand to his heart, or rather
a purse to his hand, what charitable works would
he have left behind him ! But, in pofiniance of
his memory, I have intrenched too much on the
modem times; only this I will add, perchance the
reader will be angry with me for saying thus mucfaf
and I am almost angry with myself for saying no
more of so worthy a divine.
Thm dMth 64. Return we to the year 1598, which we find
Mr. Oraen. iu Loudou filled with ftmerals, so that within twelve
pS^j months moe than ten thousand were swept away
therein of the plague, and amongst them reverend
Mr. Richard Greenham, the reason why we find not
the exact date of his death \ In contagious times,
the corpses of those who, living, were best beloved,
are rather hurried than carried to the grave ; and in
such confusions, those parishes who have the best
memories prove forgetful, their registers being either
carelessly kept or totally omitted. Thus our Green*
ham was mortally visited with the plague, whereof
we find Munster, Franciscus Junius^ Chimidontius,
and other worthy divines, formeriy deceased in
Germany; that patent of preservation against the
Uihrr wa« entered there, being 607. A Life of Oreenluuii
Umo thirteen jcatb of age.] will «lao be foond in Clnrke't
^ [See tooie notoont of him Martjralogr. Lives <if Thirty*
in »^pe't Anods, II. 4, IV. two Sa^ Oiriaes, p. la.]
TEirr. XVI. of Britain. 191
pestileDce, A thousand shall fall at thj/ side, aMfA.D.if9i.
ten thousand at thy right hand ; but it shall not come
niph thee % running (as all other temporal promises)
with this secret clause of revocation, if God in his
wisdom were not pleased otherwise to countermand
it
65. It may be said of some persons, in reference FeUow or
to their history, that they were bom men ; namely, Han in
such of whose birth and youth we find no particular *^*™™*^'
account. Oreenham is one of these, for, for want of
better intelligence, we find him full-grown at the
first, when, anno Domini , he was admitted into
Pembroke EUiIl in Cambridge ; in which house, some
years after, the youth of Mr. Iiancelot Andrews*
(afterwards bishop of Winchester) was well ac-
quainted with Mr. Oreenham ; and I dare boldly
say, if Greenham gained any learning by Andrews,
Andrews lost no religion by Oreenham. He after-
wards left the university, and became minister three
miles ofl^ at Dry Drayton.
66. Dry Drayton, indeed, which, though often h« is lunn.
watered with Mr. Oreenham*s tears, and oftener,
with his prayers and preaching, moistened the rich
with his counsel, the poor with his charity, neither
produced proportionable fruitfulness. The generality
of his parish remained ignorant and obstinate, to
their pastor^s great grief, and their own greater
damage and disgrace. Hence the verses,
^ Greenham had pastures green,
But sheep full lean.*"
Thus God alone is the good shepherd, who doth
r FMlm xci. 7. in making tome of Mr. Orecn-
• Some mj he had aii hand ham*a wwfca.
it
u
192 The Church HiHary loos ix.
A.D. 159). feed and can fat his sheep, and can make them to
— — ^— thrive under his keeping.
Hit dez- 67. He used often, at the entreaty of some doo-
toritY in
hading tors, to preach at St. Mary's in Cambridge, where,
ooo^cjenon. ^metimes so great his zeal in pressing important
points, that he hath lost himself in the driving home
of some application, even to the forgetting of hb
text, (as himself would confess,) till he recovered
the same on some short recollection. He always
bitterly inveighed against non-residents, professing
that he wondered how such men could take any
comfort in their wealth ; '' for methinks,** saith he,
they should see written on every thing which they
have pretium sanguinis — ^ this is the price of
** blood.* '* But his masterpiece was in comforting
wounded consciences; for, although heaven's hand
can only set a broken heart, yet God used him
herein as an instrument of good to many, who came
to him with weeping eyes, and went from him with
cheerful souls. The breath of his gracious coonsel
blew up much smoking flax into a blazing flame.
He, iMring gg Hereupon the imi>ortunity of his friends (if
caatnkk to herein they pnived so) persuaded him to leave his
parish and remove to Liondon, where his public
parts might be better advantaged for the general
good. Tliey pleaded the little profit of his long
pains to so poor and peevish a parish ; pity it was
so good a flshemian should cast his nets elsewhere
than in that ocean of people ; what vras Dry Drayton
but a bushel to hicks London an high candlestick to
hold up the brightness of his parts ? Over-entremted
by others, even almost against his own judgment, be
resigned his cure to a worthy successor, and repaired
to Lfondon ; where, after some years* preaching op
CBiiT. XTi. qf Britain. 19S
and down in no constant place, he was resident on a. d. 1591.
no cure, but the curing of consciences. I am ere- **?
dibly informed ^ he in some sort repented his removal
from his parish, and disliked his own erratical and
planetary life, which made him fix himself preacher
at last at Christ Church in London^ where he ended
his days.
69. He lived sermons, and was most precise inAgi«tin-
. , vtrunwiit ci
his conversation ; a strict observer of the Lord*s day, Um gnod
and a great advancer thereof through the whole t^i)||^<^
realm by that treatise which he wrote of the sabbath. ^^'
No book in that age made greater impression on
people's practice, as one " (then a great wit in the
university, now a grave wisdom in our church) hath
ingeniously expressed :
** On Mr. Gr€enkanC$ Book of the Sabbath.
^* While Greenham writeth on the sabbath^s rest.
His soul enjoys not what his pen expressed;
His work enjoys not what itself doth say.
For it shall never 6nd one resting day.
A thousand hands shall toss each page and line.
Which shall be scanned by a thousand cine;
That sabbatirs rest, or this sabbath's unrest.
Hard is to say whothcr^s the happiest."
Thus godly Greenham is fallen asleep. We softly
draw the curtains about him, and so proceed to
other matter *.
^ Ky my own father. Mr. which were nompwhat nume*
TliotjitM Fuller, who wuh well roUH. is f^ven by bishop Tanner
acquttitited with him. in his Biblic»theca Uistorica, p.
* Mr. Joseph Hall. 341-1
> [A list of bis writings.
rULLBBi VOL. V.
SECT. VIII.
TO THE
LADY ANNE ARCHER,
OF TAM WORTH, IN WARWICKSHIRE a.
Madam^
FoM, being $o good a iauoewi/e^ tmaw far bttimr timm I kow
much 9irength and hand$om€n^$$ good kmnmimg add§ik to
the end of a doth. I therefore^ being now to pwi a period
to this long and important eeniuryf (a$ big as the uhole
book besides^ but chie/y containing the reign^ the homomr of
four $ex and our nation^) have reeohed^ to preoemi the
unrateUing thereof to close and conclude ii with tkk
dedication to your ladyship ; on irAidl mceownt atame yem
are placed last in this booi^ though otherwise the /frsi
freest in encouraging my weak endeawmrs.
• [Dauffhter of tir John (HictoiT of W«rwirkaluf«, p.
Ferrers, of Tarn worth, knight. 781, eo. br Tlioiiuyi») •■ ako
She wa« married to tir S. by Poller, m tKe priVMma part
Archer, whoae munificence to of this hiatorj. TIm nrwm of
literature and learned men it the Fenrera are rmy or tad
celebrated both bj Dugdale, gulca.]
ciKT. XVI. The Chirch HistOTy of Britain. 195
||K Mr. Udal'B death conio M'e now to'*-^^**
treat. Through some defect in tbezr
fcconls '*, (transiMwod or lost,) we can-'»inJ««_o'
not tell the certain day of Mr. Udnl'sdwuh.
v'ondcinnatiou and di<ath ■= ; but this
a|>|>ear8 in ttic office, that two yoars ninee (viz. 32ml
of Kliz., July 23) he was indicte*! and arraigned at
Cn)ydon, for defaming the queen her government in
n l>ook l>y him written, and entitled, " A demon-
" stration of the Disriplinc which Christ hath pre-
" scribed in his Word far tho government of his
** Chureh, in all times and places, until the world's
" end," But tlie mortal words (as I may term them)
arc found in the preface of his hook, written " to
" tlie sujiposed governors of the church of England,
" archbishops, bishops, &c.," and are inserted in the
bo<ly of his indictment as fotloweth :
" Who can without blushing deny you to be the
" cause of all ungodliness, seeing your government
" is that which giveth leave to a man to be any
" thing saving a sound Christian ? For, certainly, it
" is more free in theso days to be a papist, ana-
" baptist, of the fiimity of love, yea, any most
" wicked whatsoever, than that which we should
" be; and I could live these twenty years any such
" in England, (yea, in a bishop's house, it may be,)
" and never I>o much molested for it : so true U
" that which you are charged with in a Dialogue
" lately come forth against you, and since burned
dnunttioD, weStrvpc'iADj
frienda in the office of the clerK IV. p.ii.M]. He died
trypetA
He died
for Surrey. priion called the White Lioa,
[For the particulan rela- Soathwwk.]
to Udal'a trial and con-
196 The Church HiMiory book ix.
A. D. 1591.** by you, that you care for nothing but the main-
** tcnancc of your dignities, l>e it to the damnation
^ of your own souls, and infinite millions moe.**
To this indictment he pleaded not guilty, denying
himself to be the author of the book. Next day he
" vc^A cast by the jury, and submitted himself to the
mercy of the court, whereby he prevailed that judg-
ment against him was respited till the next assizes,
and he remanded to the Marslialsea.
Mr. Ud^ 2. March following, (the 33rd of queen Elizabeth,)
ortkm 10 he was brought again to the bar before the judges,
tteMrfm. to whom he had privately presented a petition with
all advantage, but it found no entertainment ; inso-
much that in this month of March ', (the day not
appearing in the records,) he, at the assizes held in
Southwark, was there condemned to be executed
for a felon.
y 3. Various were men^s censures on these proceed-
^,7 ings against him. Some conceived it rigorous in
the greatest (which at the best is cruel in the least)
degree, considering the worth of his person and
weaknc^ss of the proof against him ; for he was a
leanied man, bhimeless for his life, powerful in bis
praying, and no less profitable than fiainful in his
preaching: for as Musculus in Germany, iff mis-
take not, first brought in the plain but eflTectual
maimer of preaching by use and doctrine, so Udal
was the first who added reaiions thereunto, the
strength and sinews of a sermon. His English-
Hebrew Grammar he made whilst in prison, as
appears by a subscription in the close thereof. The
' [In 1 59 If aeeording to Htiyp«» ib. p. 24.]
CENT. xvL of Britain. 197
proof was not pregnant, and it is generally believed ^' ^j^**
that he made only the preface (out of which his
indictment was chiefly framed) and not the body of
the book laid to his charge ; besides, it was harsh to
inflict immediate and direct death for a consequen-
tial and deductory felony, it being penhoused out
beyond the foundation and intent of the statute to
build the indictment thereupon. Others thought
that some exemplary severity was necessary, not
only to pinion the wings of such pamphlets from
flying abroad, but even thereby to crush their eggs
in the nest. Surely the multitude of visits unto
him, during his durance» no whit prolonged his life;
for flocking to popular prisoners in such cases is as
ominous a presage of their death, as the flying and
fluttering of ravens near and about the house and
chamber of a sick body.
4. But an higher Judge had formeriy passed H« died
another sentence on Udal's death, that his soul and J^uSTm.
body should not by shameful violence be forced
asunder, but that they should take a fair farewell
each of other. IIow long he lived after his con-
demnation we know not, there being a tradition
that sir Walter Raleigh procured a reprieve in a
fair way to his pardon : this is certain, that without
any other sickness, save heart-broken with sorrow^
he ended his days. Right glad were his friends that
his death prevented his death ; and the wisest of his
foes were well contented therewith, esteeming it
better that his candle should go than be put 0Qt»
lest the snuif should be unsavoury to the survivors,
and his death be charged as a cruel act on the
account of the procurers thereof.
5. The ministers of London flocked to his fiineral. His
borW.
o 8
108 The Church Hutory book »•
A«D. 1595. ami he was decently interred in the churchyard of
-1 8t. George's in Southwark, not far from bishop
Bonner's grave; so near may their bodies, wheo
dead, in positure be together, whose minds, when
living, in opinion were far asunder. Nor have I
aught else to observe of him, save that I am in-
formed that he was father of Ephraim Udal, a solid
and pious divine, dying in our days, but in point of
discipline of a different opinion from his ftither ^
lV?*mui 6- ^^^ "^^» ^'^® sword of justice being once
'ted.*^ drawn, it was not put up again into the sheath
before others were executed; for Henry Barrow,
gentleman, and John Greenwood, clerk, (who some
days before were indicted of felony at the sessions
hall without Newgate, before the lord mayor and
the two chief justices, for writing certain seditious
pamphlets,) were hanged at Tyburn ' ; and not long
after John Penry, a Welshman, was apprehended at
Stevenhith, by the vicar thereof, arraigned and con-
demne<I of felony at the King's Bench at Westmin-
ster, for being a principal penner and publisher of a
libellous lM>ok called ^ Martin Mar-Prelates," ami
executed at St.Tliomas Waterings. Daniel Studley,
girdler, Saxio Billot, gentleman, and Robert Bowley,
fishmonger, wen* also condenmed for publishing
scandalous books ; but not finding their execution, I
believe them reprieve<l and {lanloued *.
• [Aath<»r of u cdrbrtitcHl by the pmbyteri«at, uid at
tract Againtt sacrilef^, t* ntitlinl laf%t. in hit old aoe, tumeil crjt
** Noli me Uingvre. or a thing of hin living by the pttrlimoHmt.
" to lie thought on/* |»uhliKh<*d unci literally left with an aged
in 1641. He nuffervd more for wife to die in the atreeta. 8ie
truth and order than did hin Wcxid't Fast. 1*351.]
lather for irregular and mia. ' 8tow*t Chron. p. 76c.
direclfld aeal» being peraecutcd < [Of Peary mkI hb iadici-
CENT. XVI.
of Britain,
199
7. About this time, if not somewhat sooner, (for a. 0.1593.
my inquiry cannot arrive at the certain date,) queen ^
Elizabeth took her last farewell of Oxford, where aqueen^t
divinity act was kept before her, on this question, ^oSSti!'
*• Whether it be lawful to dissemble in matters of
" religion ?** One of the opponents endeavoured to
prove the affirmative by his own example, — " Who
'' then did what was lawful, and yet he dissembled
*' in disputing against the truth T — the queen being
well pleased at the wittiness of the argument **. Dr.
We8tplialing, (who had divers years been bishop of
Hereford,) coming then to Oxford, closed all with
a learned determination, wherein no fault, except
somewhat too copious, not to say tedious ; at that
time her highness intending that night to make a
»piH>ch, and thereby (li8ap|)ointed.
8. Next day her highness made a Latin oration Her utin
to the heads of houses, (on the same token slie"****^
therein gave a check to Dr. Reynolds for his non*
conformity,) in the midst whereof, perceiving the
old hml Burleigh stand by, with his lame legs, she
would not proceed till she saw him provided of a
stool '*, and then fell to her speech again, as sensible
of no intemiption ; having the command as well of
her Latin tongue as of her loyal subjects.
ment, see Strype's Annals, IV.
p. 176, sq. Life of Whitgift,
p. 409, sq. See also an im-
portant tract, entitled "The
*' ExaminationM of Henry Bar-
*' row, John (yreenwood, and
*' John Penry, liefore the High
** CommisHioners and Lords of
*' the C<iuncil ; penned by the
" prisoners themselves before
" their deaths." Printed in
1586, and reprinted in the
Harleian Miscellany, II. p. 10.
Some of Penry's letters to
queen Elisabeth may be found
in Pagitt's Heretiography» p.
271.]
h Sir J. Harrington's State
oi the Church, II. 180.
* Idem, p. 18a.
o4
too
The Church History
BOOK IX.
A.D. 1503. 9. John Piers, archbishop of York, ended his life \
«r 1!l dean of Christ Church in Oxford, bishop of Rocheo*
ter, Salisbury, and archbishop of York. AVhen newlj
beneficed a young man in Oxfordshire, he had
drowned his good parts in drunkenness, conTersing
with his country parishioners ; but on the confeseioD
of his fault to a grave divine, reformed his con-
versation, so applying himself to his studies that he
deserve<l]y gained great preferment, and was highly
esteemed by queen Elizabeth, wliose almoner be
continued for many years ; and he must be a wise
and good man whom that thrifty princess wouUi
entrust with distributing her money. lie was one
of the most grave and reverend prelates of his age,
and after his nxluced life so abstemious, that bis
physician in his old age could not persuade him to
drink wine ; so habitcil he was in sobriety, in deles-
tation of bis former excess ^
10. The same year (lie<I John Aylmer, bishop of
London *", bred in Cambridge, well learned, as ap-
peareth by his book title<l ** The Ilarborough of
•• IVinces;** one of a low stature, but stout spirit,
very valiant in his youth, and witty all his life*.
Once when his auditor}' began at sermon to grow
dull in their attentions, he presently read unto them
many versc^s out of the Hebrew text; whereat they
k fStfpt. 18,1594.]
* [See iMimc account of him
in WcmmI'k Athen. 1. 713, and
in 8trTp<**H Annaln, IV. 102.
taken frtim the lennon preached
at tlie l>i<tto|i's funenu liy l>r.
King. Fuller's remarks U|M»n
hit diaaolute conduct during
hit youth teem rather eontra-
dictory to what ia atated by
Dr. King. Indeed oioat of tlicae
anecd<itea reapecCtagthebiahopa
of thin reign were derired from
air John Ilarringtoo, a cour-
tier and a wit,— a writer wboae
crt^dit in very doubCiuL]
« [Jone3.i5940
* [8tnr|w'a AylniOT, p. ac]
CENT. XTI.
of Britain,
aoi
all started, admiring what use be meant to make a. n. 1593.
thereof. Then shewed he them their folly, that
whereas they neglected English, whereby they might
be edified, they listened to Hebrew, whereof they
understood not a word. He was a stiff and stem
champion of church discipline, on which account
none more mocked by Martin Mar-Prelate, or hated
bv nonconformists. To his eldest son he left a
plentiful estate ; and his second, a doctor of divinity,
was a worthy man of his profession ®.
11. But, of the Uomanists, two principal P^^'^'^J^wr^JiJ^
ended their lives beyond the seas: first, William Reirinaid.
Reginald, aiia^ Rose, bom at Pinho in Devonshire p,
bre<l in Winchester School, then in New College in
Oxford. Forsaking his country, he went to Rome,
and there solemnly abjured the protestant religion ;
and thereuiK)n was |)ermitted to read (a favour sel-
dom or never bestowed on such novices) any pro-
testant books, without the least restriction, presum-
ing on his zeal in their cause. From Rome he
removed to Rheims in France, where he became
professor of divinity and Hebrew, in the English
college ; where, saith my author % with studying,
writing, and preaching against the protestants, per-
chance he exhausted himself with too much labour,
and, breaking a vein, almost lost his life with vomit-
o [Strype, ib. p. 134.]
P Pitx. [in Vita, p. 790.
Wood* Ath. 1. 167. He was
brother of the celebrated John
Hai Holds, of Corpus Christi
( ollege, who in the earlier part
of his life was as xealous a
Komanist as his brother was a
pnjtestant ; but the one labour-
ing to convince the other, thejr
succeeded so eflTectually, that
each changed sides ; XViUiam
became one of the most eminent
and laborious of the nltra-Ro-
mauints, and his brother Johndit-
tinguinhed himself as the leader
of the ultra-protestant partj.]
9 ibidem.
902 The Church History »ook ix.
A.D. 1594. iug of blood. Recovering his strength, he vowed to
spend the rest of his life in writing against protest-
ants; and death at Antweq) seized on him, the
twenty-fourtli of August, (the fiftieth year of his
age,) as he was a making of a book called ^ Calvimo^
** TurciJimus ;" wliich after* by his dear friend Wil-
liam Gitlbrd % was finished, set forth, and dedicated
to All>ert duke of Austria.
ThadMcii 12. Willinm Allen, cinnmonly calle<l the cardinal
Allen. of England % followe<l him into another world, bom
of honest parents, and allied to noble kindred in
Lancashire ; brought up at Oxford in Oriel College,
where he was proctor of the university in the days
of queen Mary, and afterwards head of St. Mary
Hall, and canon of York; but on the change of
religion he de|)arted the land, and became professor
of divinity at Douay in Flanders, then canon of
Cambray, master of the English college at Kheima,
made cardinal 1587* August the seventh, by pope
Sixtus Quintus; the king of Spain bestowing on
him an abbey in the kingdom of Naples \ and
nominating him to be archbishop of Mechlin ; but
death arreste<l him to )>ay the debt to nature,
October sixteenth ", and he was buried in the
church of the English college at Rome. This is
that Allen whom we have so often mentioned, eon-
ceivetl so great a champion for their cause, that
po|»e Gregory the Thirteenth said to his cardinals,
•* Vetiite fraire^ meu astendam robis Atanmm * ;**
which the author thus translates, or rather com-
' [(^inoeraing whoiii» Mie < Canid. EHs. in hoc
Wood'H Atbrn. 1.531.] • PiU. in Vita, p. 793.
• [Wmid'ft Ath. J. 368] > WaUonVgti«Uibela,p.97.
CENT. XVI.
fjfBrttaifi.
tM
ments on: "Come, my brethren, and I will 8bewA.i).i594.
** you a man, in Anglia born, to whom all Europe '-
** may give place for his high prudence, reverend
** countenance, and purport of goverimient." His
loss was much lamented by the catholics, (not with-
out cause,) wliose ji^ravity and authority ha<l done
many good oHices in composing the grudgings which
lx*gan to grow betwixt secular priests and Jesuits ;
which private heartburnings, soon after his death,
blaze<l out in the prison of Wisbich into an open
scandal, as now we come to report y.
13. Here I protest (though uncertain how far toAiadmb.
find belief) that I take no delight in relating these write of
discontents, much less shall my |)en widen theJhi^JJI^
7 [Cardinal Allen was much
beloved by the Kecular priests.
It might aliiHKst be said that he
was the only person at that
time who, by his eminence and
character, had sufficient au-
thority to control the Jesuits,
tlien bt*ginning to shew some-
what of their ambitious spirit.
Watson describes him, in his
quaint way, as " a man in
" whose very countenance was
•• jKiurtrayed <mt a map of po-
" litical government indeed,
" stained with a sable dye of
" gravity, sublimated with a
*' reverend majesty in his looks,
yielding favour and forcing
fi*ar, — one most reverenced
of our nation, and worthily
reverenced of um, one or two
actions excepted, whereunto
** he was drawn by father Par-
** sons' exorbitant courses and
impudency ; yeji, even our
common aiiversaries [the pro-
testants] did commend his
«•
••
«<
n
<*
it
<«
<t
t«
it
n
• •
• t
< «
<•
mild spirit in comparison of
Dr. Saunders, both writing
about one time, but with a
far different drift, intent, and
manner of proceeding. Ilia
grace never liked of invad-
ing, conversions of countries
with bloody blades ; and
liowsoever he was drawn (as
wearied out with impostors,
" exprobrations, and expostn-
" lations of father Parsons and
" others) to some odious at-
" tempts against his dread so-
'* vereigo and dear amntrj,
** both which he with no less
" loialty honoured than dearly
*' affected in bis best thoughts,
" vet afterwards he retired
" himself from those seditious
" courses, rightly condemning
" and contemning all such fac-
*' tious dis|KMitions in his very
"heart." Quodl. p.91. A Lif^
of Cardinal Allen was written
by Fitaberbert.]
f04 Tlic Church Uuiory book is.
A. D. 1594. wound betwixt them; for though I approve the
-^ opinions of neither, yet am I 80 much friend to the
persons of both parties as not to make much to
myself of their discords : the rather because no
Christian can heartily laugh at the factions of his
fiercest enemies, because that sight at the same
time pincheth him with the sad remembrance that
such divisions that have formerly, do at the present,
or may hereafter, be found amongst those of his
own profession ; sucli is the frailty of human nature,
in what side soever. However, hereafter let not
papists without cause or measure vaunt of their
unity, seeing their pretended ship of St. Peter is
not so solidly compacted but that it may spring a
leak ; nor let them boast so confidently of their
sufferings, and blame our severity unto them, as if
enduring such hard usage in their imprisonment.
Surely, like Joseph, their feet tcere not hurt in the
stocks^ the iron did not enter into their soul* ; neither,
with Jeremy, were they cast into a dirty dungecm^
where they sunk in mire^: nor, with Peter, were
they bound trith two chains ^ ; nor, with Paul and
Silas, were they thrust into the inner yrison^ and
made fast ^ ; but had, in their. durance, liberty, list,
and leisure to begin, foment, and prosecute thte
violent senilism l>etwixt tliemsc*lves.
2**tr!hi '*• ^'"^'' ^'^'^ ^""^* ^^^^ prime catholics in Wiiu
•''»»«*»• bich Castle had live<l then^ in n^straint, wth irreat
Mcukra unity and concord ** ; and the fmpists do brag that
And Um
* Pftiilm cr. 18. '* ter fwlodM loco ininlaber-
* Jt*r. KKXviii. 6. " rimo ■itum ftd inclodeaikM
^ Acu xii. 6. ** McerduUs catlmlieos dciliaft-
c Actji xvi. 24. " tuin. eptaoupo, ablMilt, mmL.
<1 [** WiUiycvtiM? autntm 10- '* ti«|tie iosigniwiais aobilila.
CBKT. XVI.
uf Britain,
ao5
then and there the English church was most visible, a. 0.1^94.
until one father Weston •, alias Edmonds, a Jesuit, —
coming thither, erected a government amongst them,
making certain sanctions and orders, which all were
bound to observe ' ; secretly procuring subjects to
himself^ and claiming a 8U]>eriority over all the
catholics there ; yet so cunningly he contrived the
matter, that he seemed not ambitiously to affect,
but religiously to accept, this authority proffered
unto, yea, seemingly forced \x\Km him; for one of
his friends ^iTites to father Henry Gramett, provin-
cial, then living in England, to this effect :
** Good father Weston, in the humility of his
^^ heart, lies on his bed, like the man sick of the
*' |)alsy, in the gospel ; nor will he walk confidently
** before others in the way of the righteous, except
'^ first he be let do^n through the tiles, and it be
^ said unto him from the provincial, Arise^ take up
" thy bed, and walk ^^
Yet, if the seculars may be believed, ho did not
only arise, but run, before that word of command
given him by Gamett, and put his jurisdiction in
execution. Ik'sides* those of his own society, many
of the secular priests submitted themselves unto
him, seduced, say some^ by the seeming sanctity
" turn fiiit inclusiH coiifeMiori.
" huH. quorum multitudo, pie-
** ta», eruditio, industria, con-
** cordia ita s«|M>refocillanit ca-
** tholicfvs, ita pIurii^H dcvicerat
** hirrt>ticoii ut ibidem ecclenia
" Atif^Iicana maxime viiiibilis
" eelebriiique haberetur.*' De-
clAratio Motuum. |). 1 1 .]
' [WikhI, II. 175.3
' [See Watson's Quodl. p. a,
«q. Wood's Ath. II. 275.]
^ [See Declaratio Motuum,
&c. p. 13, of which these words
are a literal translation.]
^ Declaratio Motuum, &c.
ad Clem. VIII. ezhibita. p. is.
[The following it ihm full title
906
The Church HUtory
BOOK IX.
AD. 1594. of the Jesuits, and having their judgments bribed to
that side by unequal i>ro[K)rtion8 of money received ;
besides promising themselves that in case the land
was invaded, by the activity of the Jesuits all [tower
and preferment would be at their dispo(«e« and so
they shouhl be sooner and higher advanced.
of this rare and curious bcx>k :
'' Declaratio Motuum ac tur-
'* bationum que ex controver-
** siis inter Jesuitas iisque in
" omnibus faventem D. Georg.
'* Blackwellum Archipresbyte-
" rum et Sacerdotes Semina-
" riorum in Anglia, ab obitu
'* Cardinalis Alani pic memo-
^ ric ad annum usque 160 1.
•• Ad S. D. N. Clementem oc
" tivum exhibita ab ipsis Sa.
" cerdotibus qui schismatis
" aliorumque criminum sunt
** insimulati. Rhotomagi apud
'* Jacobum Mol«um, sub signo
*• Phcenicis. 1601." 4to. Ac-
cording to Pitts, (p. 810,) this
book was written by John
Hurst, a secular priest; but
according to Wood, (Ath. II.
390,) bv Christopher Bagshaw,
the violent opponent of fsther
Parsons, who published also
another work of a similar ar-
gument, entitled " A true Re-
" lation of the Faction begun
'• at Wisbich by Father Kd-
** nionds, alias Weston, a Je-
" suit, 1595. and continued
*' aince by Father Walley,
'* alias Garnet, the Pnirincial
'* of the Ji*suits in Kngland,
" and by Father Parsons in
" Rome, with their silherents,
** against us the secular Priests,
" their brethren and fellow-
*' prisoners, that disliked of
" noTehicSv and thovgbt it
" dishonourable to the ancient
*' Ecclesiastical Discipline of
" the Catholic Church that
" secular Priests should be
" governed by Jesuits. lien-
"lev: imprinted 1601." 4to.
Both of these tracts bear in-
ternal marks of having been
composed by the same person ;
both give a very full account
of the dissendofis between the
seculars and the Jesuits ; a pas-
sage in English history hitherto
rarely touched U|)on, but yet
intimately connected with some
most important events in this
and the subsequent reign. Be.
sides these persons already
mentioned, William Watson, a
secular priest, (executed in
the subsequent reign for hu
concern in the plot of Ortj,
Cobham, and ochers,) took a
part in this controversy, and
wrote a somewhat voluminous
work, important for the his-
tory of the English Roman
Catholics, called. *' A I>eau
*' chordon of Ten Quodlibetical
" Questions, &c.," of which
some further account will be
found below. He was like-
wise the author of an aaooy.
mous pamphlet cm the same
subject, entitled *' A Dialogue
'* betwixt a secular Prieat and
*' a lay Gentleman ooiicemiBg
" some Points objected bj tha
ical Pactloii i^pdMl
CBNT. XVI.
ftf Britain.
ao7
15. But the greatest number and learned sort ofA.D.1594.
37Klis.
The
the secular priests stoutly resisted his 8U])eriority,
affirming how formerly it had been offered to Thomas uiiTniiue
Watson, bishop of Lincoln, (late prisoner amongst ^^^
them,) and he refused it, as inconsistent with their*"^ '^^^'
present condition, affliction making them equals, and
a prison putting a [)arity betwixt them. If any order
might pretend to this priority, it was most proper
for the Benedictines, extant in England above a
thousand years ago ; that the Jesuits were punies ;
and if all orders should sit down, as Jacob's children
at the table of Joseph, the eldest accor4ing to his
affej and the youngest according to his i/outh\ the
last and least place of honour was due unto them ;
that the secular priests had borne the heat of the dajf
in preaching and persecution, some of them having
endured above twenty years' imprisonment for con-
science sake, (as Mr. Bluet for one \) before some
of the Jesuits knew what durance meant ; that Wes-
ton was not eminent for learning, religion, or any
prime quality, save only the affecting that place
which his betters had declined; that it was mon-
strous that he, being a Jesuit, and so a member of
another society, should be made a head of their
" Mich aecular PrieKtis as have
" iJiewed their dislike of Mr.
" Blackwell and the JesuitH*
" Proceedings. Printed at
'* Kheine8,i6oi.*' 4to. Father
Pamons defended the Jesuits ;
and a list of his writings upon
this oecasion is given by Wood
in the Life of Parsons, Ath. I.
356. But the fullest account
of the publications on both
sides, will be found in Bell's
Anatomy of Popish Tyranny,
(4to, 1603J in the "Caveat to
*' the Reader ;" in which co.
pious extracts from most of
the pamphlets will be found.
See also a pai>er in Strype'i
Annals, IV. 194, sq., ana a
further account of some of
these books, ib. p. 318.^
i Gen. xxxiv. 33.
^ Watson's Quodlibets, p. 4.
f08 The Church HUtory book ix.
A D.I 594. body. The lay-catholics were much ofTendcd with
— the schism ; some withheld, others threatening to
withhold, their charity from both parties, conceiving
it the ready means, when maintenance was detained
from both sides, to starve them into agreement.
WeMon 16. One mic^ht admire why father Weston should
but as a 80 earnestly desire so silly a dominion, having his
dboom power as well as his own person confined within the
rf^thTSSl ^*J^® of Wisbich Castle, (a narrow diocese,) only
Ur priOTti. jq domineer over a few prisoners ; the gaoler, yea,
the very turnkey being bis superior to control him,
if offering to exceed that compass. But oh the
sweetness of supremacy, though in never so small
a circuit ! It pleased his pride to be prior of a
prison, but agent was the title wherewith he styled
himself ; indeed the English Jesuits, both abroad in
England and beyond the seas, made use of Weston^s
forwardness to try the temper of the secular priesta,
and to make this bold Jesuit to back and break a
skittish colt for further designs. If Weston were
unhorsed, his fall would be little lamented, and he
might thank his own boldness in adventuring, and
the ill managing of his place ; if he sat the beast,
and it proved tame, then others would up and ride ;
and father Gamett, provincial of the Jesuits, intended
in like manner to procure from the pope a supe-
riority over all the secular priests in England.
Wisbich prison would be enlarged all over the
kingflom, and the precedent would reach far in the
consequence thennif; which increased the secular
opposition against this leading case of jurisdiction.
luaTtotk! '''• About this time came to Wisbich an aged
I Declarmtio Motuum, &c. p. 17.
CBNT. xvi. of Britain. 809
priest, who had given great testimony of the ability a.d. 1594.
of his judgment and ardency of his affections to the -^ — --1
catholic cause, being the general collector of thetionofa
charitable contributions unto the prisoners"; in^^^"*"'
which place he had been so diligent in gathering, "™P"*-
secret in conveying, faithful in delivering, unpartial
in dispensing such sums committed unto him, that
deservedly he had purchased reputation to himself;
who, as he had been a benefactor to both parties,
so now he was made an arbitrator betwixt them,
with promise of both sides to rest satisfied with his
decision. He condemneth the Jesuits guilty of a
scandalous sejmration, and that Weston ought to
desist from his superiority; but the Jesuits would
not stand to his sentence, confessing their separation
scan<lalous, but only per accidens^ and therefore not
to be left off. And whereas the aforesaid priest
had determined that that separation could not be
continued without sin, the Jesuits, in derision,
demanded of him whether he meant a venial sin or
a mortal ; and so the whole business took no
effect.
18. Some months after, two reverend priests, ^Tlff*"
often sent for by both sides, were by joint consent >««•« ft«»
made judges in this cause, who resolved that Wea«cUi, to
ton*8 agency should be abolished as the original ot\^
eviK and seminary of much discord ° ; and because
Weston refused to obey their order, these two
priests posted up to London, where Garnet, the
Jesuits* provincial, did lodge ; and from him, with
much ado, obtained peremptory letters to Weston,
[presently to leave oft* his pretended superiority : a
m [lb. p. 16.] » [lb. p. 18.]
FITLEB, VOL. V. P
210 Th9 Church History book ix.
A.i). 1594. message wliich went to the proud Jesuit's heart,
--' - — who was formerly heard to say that **he had rather
•* throw himself headlong from the eastle-wall, than
*• desist from his office **." But now there was no
remedy, but he must obey, desiring only he might
make a S[)eech to his society, exhorting them to
uiitty and concord ; and in the midst of his oration,
as if he would have surrendered his soul and place
lioth together, he fell speechless into a swoon ', and
hanlly recovered again ; so mortal a wound it is to
a proud heart to part with authority. Thus ended
Weston's agency, the short continuance whereof was
the best commendation of his command.
The 19. But this was but a palliate cure, to skin the
notwith- sore over which festeretl within. The enmity still
oontinuM Continued, seculars complaining that the Jesuits
^*^^^ traduced them to lay catholics, as cold and remiss
in the cause, only dull to follow beaten paths, not
active to invent more compendious ways for the
advance of religion. Tlie Jesuits also boaste<l much
of their own merit — how their order, though last
starting, had with its speed overtook and overrun
all before them. Indee<l they are excellent at the
art of self-praising, not directly, but by certain con-
sequence ; for though no man blazed his own praise,
(for one to be a herald to commend himself, the
same on the same is false blazon, as well agaiast the
rules of mo<lesty as prudence,) yet every one did
praise his |iartner, laying an obligation on him to
do the like, who in justice must do as much, ami
in bounty often did more, gratefully re|iaying the
commendations lent him with interest; and thuH
^ lb. p. 30. f Ibidmi.
CENT. XVI.
of Britain.
211
mutually arching up one another, they filled the ears a. d. 1595.
of all ]>aj)i8t8 with loud relations of the transcendent -^ —
industry, piety, learning of the men of their society,
to the manifest derogation of all other orders. But
more of these discords in the year following.
20. About this time throughout England began Tbe strict
the more solemn and strict observation of the Lord's the^MmOi
dayH, (hereafter, both in writing and preaching, JTJJJ]^
commonly called the Sabbath,) occasioned by a book
this year set forth by one Nicholas Bound, doctor of
divinity, (and enlarged with additions anno I6O6,)
wherein these following opinions are maintained "" :
«l [Burnet, II. 59.]
'' [The first edition of tliis
IkkiIc, which is exceed iiif^ly
rare, (for reas4)iis which will
\ie seen afterwards,) was pub-
lished at London in 1595. with
the following title : " i he Doc-
•' trine of the Sabbath plainly
" laid forth, and soundly proved
** bv testimonies both of holy
" Scripture, and also of old
•* and new Kcclesiasticnl Writ-
•• er» ; declaring, first, from
what things God would have
us straightly to rest upon the
Lord's Day, and then by
what means we ought pub-
licly and privately to sanctify
" the same : together with the
'* sundry Abuses of our time
''in lM>th these kinds, and how
*• they ought to be reformed.
** Divided into two books, by
*' Nicholas Bownde, Doctor of
*• Divinity." This edition was
dedicated (from Norton in
Suffolk) to Robert the unfor-
tunate earl of Essex. In the
second edition, which was pul>-
lisbed in 1606, the title was
•<
• 4
«t
t<
altered ; many material changes
were introduced, and it was
also considerably enlarged. The
dedication to the earl of Es-
sex, and the address to the
" (iodly and Christian reader,"
were suppressed ; and the first
l>ook was now dedicated " To
" the Right Reverend Father
'* in God, and Right Honour-
" able Lord Doctor John Je-
" gon. Lord Bishop of Nor-
•* wich ;** the second Ixiok "To
" Humphrey Tyndall, D. D..
'* Dean of Ely, and Master of
*' Queen's College in Cam-
•' bridge."
In some things, perhaps, the
writer may have carried his
notions too far ; but his book
in general is UTitten in a truly
Christian spirit, and ought bj
no means to be considered aa
the fruit of puritan principlea.
For proof, thc^se extracts may
suffice. Speaking of his work,
he saysv '* All this I most wil-
** lingly subject unto the judi-
** cious and learni*d censures of
*' the niottt reverend fathers and
P S
311?
Tk€ Church History
BOOK IX.
A. D. 1595. i. That the eomniandnient of sanctifying every
seventh day, as in the Mosaical Decalogue, is morel
and ]>erpetual •.
ii. Tliat whereas all other things in the Jewish
church were taken away, (priesthood, sacrifices, and
sacrements,) this sabbath was so changed that it
still remaineth ^.
iii. That there is a great reason why we Chris-
tians should take ourselves as straitly bound to rest
upon the Lord's day, as the Jews were upon their
sabbath ; for, seeing it is one of the moral com-
mandments, it bindeth us as well as them, for they
are all of equal authority »*.
iv. The rest upon this day must be a notable
and singular rest, a most careful, exact, and pre-
" grmre divines €ii the church
** in these united kingdoms
'* under the name of Great
*' Britain ; and more particu-
** krljT the former book unto
*' your lordship's pen, whom
" now the Lord hath made
** overseer and jndge tA all the
** learning and manners of the
" miniiiters in Suffolk and
*' Norfulk ; and therefore who
** not only is able sufficiently
** to decide all controversies
" here handled, but also to
'* whom, by a certain peculiar
" right, it belongeth to censure
*' whatsoever is here uttered.*'
ELM*wbere he observes, "If
*' any thing shall soem new
" and straniFe, and therefore
*' justly to be suspected, (as
" all novelties for the most
'' port are,) I do desire that
** they may be measured not
«* by the crooked rule of the
'* common practioe of the
" world, by which many old
" things will seem new, but
«' altogether by the straight
" line of God's wofd, whidi
" only can give us the full
" measure of every thing ;
" from whence, if the same
** thing shall be found to have
" authority and antiouity, I
" hope upon better advertise.
" ments they will be note
" reverenced and embraced."
See also Isaac Walton's re-
marks upon him in his Life of
Hooker, where he states that
Dr. Bound was desired by
archbishop Whitgift to aeoept
the mastership of the Tenpb.
p. 38.]
• [EpistDed.]
t Dr. Bound's book of tW
Sabbath, p. 91.
«> lb. p. 247.
CENT. XVI. of Britain. 213
ciso rest, after another manner than men are ad. 1595.
accustomed \ — — HL.
V. Scholars on that day not to study the liberal
arts, nor lawyers to consult the case nor peruse
men's evidences y.
vi. Sergeants, apparitors, and sumners to be re-
strained from executing their offices ■.
vii. Justices not to examine causes for the con-
servation of the peace •.
viii. That ringing of more bells than one that day
is not to be justified ^
ix. No solemn feasts nor wedding dinners to be
made on that day, with permission, notwithstanding,
of the same to ^ lords, knights, and gentlemen ^ of
« P. 124. y P. 163. " might be present at the tcr-
« P.164. • P.166. " vice of God from the begin-
^ P. 202. [After stating *' ning to the ending, and, as
that for the congregation to *' it is rightly called, ' Common
meet at one time some notice '* Prayer'<~— this end maketh
must be given, and as the trum- *' the labour acceptable unto
pets and horns of the priests " God." This latter passage
and Jjevites were ordained un- particularly alludes to a custom
der the law, so the ringing of mtroduoed by the puritans at
bells is of use among us, he this time. Not content with
proceeds : *' Therefore, though writingandspeaking against the
" I do not see how the common Common Prayer Book, such of
" jangling of bells that is used them as had livings were wont to
** in too many places, and the hire a rude and ignorant substi-
'* disordered ringing at other tute (the ruder the better) to
" times of the sabbath, and for read the pravers, themselves not
'' other ends, should be a work attending till the time of the
** of the sabbath, and how it sermon. This practice soon
" can then be justified, for spread among the people, and
** which the late ecclesiastical was attended with in finite injury
'* canons of our church have to the cause o£ practical piety.]
•• taken order, (Can. 88) c P. 21J.
*' yet the ringing of one bell, ^ [This arose fmm a mistake,
** according to the custom of as it appears to me, of the au-
'* the place at one time, and thor's meaning '* concerning the
"the same or some other at " feasta of noblemen, or their
" another time— that so all " ordinary diet upon this dmy«
214
The Church Hixtory
BOOK IX.
A.D. 1 50f. quality ; which some conceive not so fair dealing
-I with him •.
X. All honest recreations and pleasures, lawfiil on
other days, (as shooting, fencing, bowling,) on this
day to be forborne K
xi. No man to speak or talk of pleasures, or any
other worldly matter ».
It is almost incredible how taking this doctrine
was, partly because of its own purity, and partly for
the eminent piety of such persons as maintained it ;
so that the Lord's day, especially in corporations,
began to be precisely kept, people becoming a law
to themselves, forbearing such sports as yet by
statute permitted — yea, many rejoicing at their own
restraint herein. On this day the stoutest fencer
laid down the buckler, the most skilful archer un*
bent his bow, counting all shooting besides the
mark ; May-games and Morish-dances grew out of
request ; and good reason that bells should be
" which in comparison may be
" called fcaAU ;" in npeaking of
which he alludeii to the prac-
tice of noblemen of keeping an
open table, and the provisions
neceiHiary for the large house-
holds niaintainetl by the nobi-
litT of those times This is
endent from what further fol-
lows ; for, after commending the
custom of some of the foreign
reformed churches of baring
two or mon* public assemblies
in the forenoon, and as man? in
•
the afterniMm, and advising the
nobility of this kingdom to
divide the duties of their ser-
rants, that all nuij have an
opportunity of attending the
churches, he thus proceeds:
*' And this I can say by ezpe-
** rience of some who for tiieir
" religion have borne credit in
" the church, and for their
'* authority have ouried soom
'* countenance in the common-
*' wealth, that on the Lard's
day they have had their tahlea
' both Christianly and wor-
shipfuUy fumished, witbont
any hindrance of the worahtp
'* of God at all, noCwithatanJ-
" ing the number of their daily
'* retinue and ordinary family
" hath been great." p. an.]]
' Pp. 2o6---ao9.
' P.ioa.
t Pp.a;*— a74.
««
««
••
CKNT. XVI. of Britain. S15
silenced from jingling about men's legs, if their very ad. 1595,
ringing in steeples were adjudged unlawful. Some-^ 1-
of them were ashamed of their former pleasures,
like children which, grown bigger, blushing them-
selves out of their rattles and whistles*; others
forbear them for fear of their superiors; and many
left them off out of a politic compliance, lest other-
wise they should be accounted licentious.
21. Yet learned men were much divided in their
judgments about these Sabbatarian doctrines: some
embraced them as ancient truths, consonant to scrip-
ture, long disused and neglected, now seasonably
revived for the increase of juety ; others conceived
them grounded on a wrong bottom, but because
they tended to the manifest advance of religion it
was i>ity to oppose them, seeing none have just
reason to complain, being deceived into their own
good ; but a third sort flatly fell out with these
prosit ions, as galling men's necks with a Jewish
yoke, against the liberty of Christians ; that Christ,
lis lord of the sabbath, had removed the rigour
thereof, and allowed men law*ful recreations; that
this doctrine put an unequal lustre on the Sunday,
on w»t pur|K)se to eclipse all other holy days, to the
derogation of the authority of the church ; that this
strict ol>8ervance was set up out of faction, to l)e a
character of difference, to brand all for libertines I
who did not entertain it.
22. However, for some years together in thisThooM
controversy Dr. Bound alone carried the garland fm^pnb.
away, none ottering ojienly to o[)[)ose, and not soJj^^j'JJf^
much as a feather of a quill in print did wag against '**?J^
him ; vea, as he in his second edition obsiTvetb,
that many both in their preachings, writings, and
i>4
216 Th4 Church Hiitory book ix.
A«D. 1595. disputations did concur with him in that argument ;
— — ^— and three several profitable treatises (one made bj
Mr. Grecnham) were within few years successively
written by three godly, learned ministers^. But
the first that gave a check to the full speed of this
doctrine was Tliomas Rogers, of Hominger in Suf-
folk, in his preface to the Book of Articles. And
now, because our present age begins to dawn, and
we come within the view of that truth whose foot-
steps heretofore wo only followed at distance, I will
interpose nothing of my own, but of an historian
only turn a notary, for the behoof of the reader,
faithfully transcribing such passages as we meet with
in order of time :
^ Notwithstanding, what the brethren wanted in
"* strength and learning, they had in vriliness ; and
^ though they lost much one way, in the general
and main point of their di8ci])line, yet recovered
they not a little advantage another way, by an odd
and new device of theirs in a special article of
their classical instructions'; for while these [the
** reformers] worthies of our church were employing
^ their engines and forces, partly in defending the
** present goveniment ecclesiastical, jiartly in assault-
** ing the presbytery and new discipline, even at that
<* very instant the brethren, (knowing themselves
^ too weak either to overthrow our holds, and that
^ which we hold, or to maintain their own,) they
'* abandoned quite the bulwarks which they had
** raiscnl, and gave out were impregnable, suffering
^ us to beat them down without any or very small
^ Dr. Bound, in kit Preface ^ Rog«n's Vrthce to the
to the Reader, second edition. Articles, f . ao.
M
44
44
44
CEUT. XVI. <}f Britain. 217
u
resistance; and yet, not careless of their affairs, a. D. 1595.
" left not the wars for all that, but from an odd -^
** comer and after a new fashion which we little
" thought of, (such was their cunning,) set upon us
" afresh again, by dispersing in printed books (which
** for ten years' space before they had been in ham-
** mering among themselves to make them complete)
" their sabbath speculations and presbyterian (that
** is, more than either kingly or popely) directions
" for the observation of the Lord's day."
And in the next page he proceedeth, " ^ It is a
** comfort unto my soul, and will be till my dying
" hour, that I have been the man and the means
^' that the Sabbatarian errors and impieties are
" brought into light and knowledge of the state ;
** whereby, whatsoever else, sure T am this good
^ hath ensued, namely, that the said books of the
** sabbath, comprehending the above-mentioned, and
" many moe such fearful and heretical assertions,
" hath been both called in and forbidden any more
** to be printed and made common. Your grace*8
" predecessor, archbishop Whitgift, by his letters and
'* officers at synods and visitations, anno 1599* did
the one; and sir John Po]>ham, lord chief justice
of England, at Bury 8t. Edmund's in Suffolk, anno
"1600, did the other*."
Dut^ though both minister and magistrate jointly
endeavoured to suppress Bound's book, with the
doctrine therein contained, yet all their care did
k Idem, §.23. their own purposes ; but their
1 [Tlie Rabbatarinn doctrine absurditieM ouglit not to be
was carried to extremes, and charged U]K)n Dr. Ilounds
44
4i
abused by tlie puritans to serve book.]
S18 Th€ Church History book ix.
A.D. 1505- but for the present make the Sunday set in a cloud,
-^ — — to arise soon after in more brightness. As for the
archbishop, his kno\iii opposition to the proceeding9
of the brethren rendered his actions more odious,
as if out of envy he had caused such a pearl to
be concealed. As for judge Popham, though some
conceived it most proper for his place to punish
felonious doctrines, (which robbed the queen's sub-
jects of their Ia\«*ful liberty,) and to behold them
brandcil with a mark of infamy, yet others accounted
him no com])etent judge in this controversy ; and
though he had a dead hand against offenders, yet
these Sabbatarian doctrines, though condemned by
him, took the privilege to pardon themselves, and
were published more generally than before. The
price of the doctor's book began to be doubled, as
commonly books are then most called on, when
called in, and many who hear not of them when
printe<l inquire after them when prohibited ; and
though the book's wings were clippe<l from flying
abroad in print, it ran the faster from friend to
friend in transcribed copies; and the Lord's day,
in most places, was incmt strictly observed. The
more liberty iH?ople were offered, the less they used
it, refusing to take the freedom authority tendered
them ; for the vulgar sort have the actions of their
sujx'riors in constant jealousy, suspecting each gate
of their o|H»ning to Ik» a trap, every hole of their
digging to be a mine, wherein some secret train is
covertly conveyinl, to the blowing up of the subject*8
lilK*rtv, which niadt* them almost afraid of the recre-
ations of the I^>nrs day allowed them ; and seeing
it is the gn*atest pleasure to the mind of man to do
what he }>lea8eth, it was 8|)ort for them to reftmin
CEKT. XVI. of Britain. 219
from sports, wbilgt the forbearance was in them-A.D. ijfs.
selves voluntary, arbitrary, and elective — not im- —
posed upon them. Yea, six years after. Bound's
book came forth with enlargements, publicly sold ;
and scarce anv comment, catechism, or controversv
was set forth by the stricter divines, wherein this
doctrine (the diamond in this ring) was not largely
pressed and proved ; so that, as one saitb, " the
** sabbath itself had no rest ;'' for now all strange
and unkno\^'n writers, without further examination,
passed for friends and favourites of the presbyterian
party, who could give the word, and had any thing
in their treatise tending to the strict observation of
the Lord's day. But more hereof (God willing) in
the fifteenth year of king James.
23. Now also l)egan some opinions about predes- The Ani-
tination, free-will, perseverance, &c., much to trouble LMnbeUi.
lx»th the schools and i)ulpit ; whereupon archbishop
Whitgift, out of his Christian care to propagate the
truth and suppress the opposite errors, caused a
solemn meeting of msmy grave and learned divines
at IjamlK'th, where, l)e8ides the archbishop, Richard
Bancroft "", bishop of London, Ilichard Vaughan,
bishop ek^t of Bangor, Humphrey Tindal, dean of
Ely, Dr. W'hittaker, queen's professor in Cambridge,
and others, were assembled. These, after a serious
debate and mature delil>eration, resolved at last on
the now following Articlt*s " :
"B [Hichar;! Fh*tcher, Kays Ilistoriciim, p. 165. IIiHtory tif
Ileylyn more correctly ; for the Quinquarticular Contro-
Ilancroft whm not made bishop versy, in his collection of
of London till 1597. See some tracts; and in Keble's Intro-
further remarks on this subject ductinn to Hooker.]
in Ilevlvn's History of the " [Assbeton's Lifp of Whit*
Presbyterians, p. 340. Examen taker» p. 43.]
ftsto
The Church History
BOOK IX.
A. D. 1595. 1. Dcu8 ab flptcrno pne-
3^ *^'*' destiDavit quosdam ad vitam :
quosdam reprobavit ad mor-
tem.
2. Causa movcns aut cffi-
cieDs priedestinationis ad vi-
tam non est pnevisio iidei,
aut pereeverantio?, aut bono-
rum operum, aut ullius rei
quae insit in personis pnede»-
tioatis, sed sola voluDtas be-
neplaciti Dei.
8. Prfedestinatorum pne-
finitus ct certus est numerus,
qui nee augcri nee minui
potest.
4. Qui non sunt prtedesti-
nati ad salutem, necessario
propter peccata sua damna-
buntur.
5. Vera, viva et justificans
fides, et Spiritus Dei justifi-
cantis, non extinguitur, nop
excidit, non evanescit in elec-
tis ^, aut finaliter, aut totali-
ter.
6. Homo vere fidelis id
est, fide justificantepneditus,
certus est plerophorta fidei
de remissione peccatorum
suorum, et salute HMnpitema
sua per Christum.
1. God from eternity hath
predestinated certain men
unto life; certain men be
hath reprobated.
2. The moving or efRcient
cause of predestination unto
life, is not the forcsght of
faith, or of perseverance, or
of good works, or of any
thing that is in the penon
predestinated, but only the
good-will and pleaMire of
God.
S. There is predetermined
a certain number of the pre-
destinate, which can neither
be augmented or diminished.
4. Those who are not pre-
destinated to salvatioo shall
be necessarily damned for
th^r sins.
5. A true, living, and jii»-
tifying faith, and the Spirit
of God justifying, is not ex-
tinguished, falletb Dol away ;
it vanisheth not away in the
elect, either finally or to-
tally.
6. A man truly iaithfuL
that is, such an one who
is endued with a junifyiDg
faith, is certain, with the full
assurance of faith, of the re-
mission of bis siiit, and of
his everlasting salvatioo by
Christ.
o [ AU. " Iff iii 9«t tcmri ejmt ^rikipe* fmtmmi**\
CEKT. XVI.
of Britain.
821
7. Gratia saliitaris P, non
tribuitur, non comniunicatur,
non conccditur univcrsis ho-
minibus, qua scrvari }X)ssinty
si vclint.
8. Nemo |X)test venire ad
Christum, nisi datum ei fuc-
rit, ct nisi Pater eum traxe-
rit, ct omnes homines non
trahuntur a Patre ut veniant
ad Filium.
9- Non est positum in ar-
bitrio aut jxjtcstate unius-
ciiju8(|uc hominis servari.
7. Saving grace is not A. 0.1^95.
given, is not granted , is not _i
communicated to all men, by
which they may be saved if
they will.
8. No man can come unto
Christ unless it shall be given
unto him, and unless the
Father shall draw him ; and
all men are not drawn by the
Father, that they may come
to the Son.
9. It is not in the will or
|X)wer of every one to be
saved ^.
P [Al«. •• sufficient ad sain-
*< [A hiHtory of these Arti-
cles, with the jiidimieiit of
hinhop Overall and bmhop An-
drews thereon, was published
from an early MS., (which, as I
huspect, \*'as written by bisliop
Co«iins,) and inserted in an Ap-
pendix to an edition of the
XXXIX. Articles hy Dr. Ellis;
reprinted by Ran. Ford in
1720. According to this paper.
Dr. WvLTo was first sturtleii hy
•
the iiaradoxes which Whittuker
helcl ; the former a.«(serting that
just ijj^ing faith and firace might
sumetimcs bv lost, which Whit-
Uiker denied ; and with ref^rd
to the cjUt^Ktion of the assurance
of MtlvatioH in the regenerate,
Whittaker holding an absotute
certainty of belief, Baro an
uhMi ranee of hope only. The
Mime writer oIho statics that
th«*M! Articles were first drawn
up hy Whittaker, in a more
stringent form, hut afterwards
modified at the conference ;
that they were passed, chiefly
in the absence of their most
strenuous opposers, and with
the reluctant concurrence of
the archbishop, who, vexed
with the ceaseless diK<|uiet of
the church, was greatly desir-
ous of putting an end to the
strife which seemed to threaten
it with a new convulsion.
When the queen heard of
the matter, of which she was
informed hy Burleigh, the chan-
cellor of the university, she
imme<liately sent for the arch-
bishop, and with much of her
characteristic and laconic stvle
addressed him in these worot :
" I hear, my lord archbishop,**
Khe said, " that you are coUecU
" ing a treasure, and intend to
'* make me rich." Tlie arch-
bishop, not understanding the
jest, replieil, "That indited he
" was not very rich, and pos-
'* sessed no great pro|ierty, hot
" that such as he had was at
ftast
The Church iri^tory
BOOK IX.
A. I). 1595. Matthew Ilutton, the right reverend archbishop
-: — 1!^ of Vork, did also fully and fnn^ly in his judgment
concur witli these divines, as may a)i[)ear by his
letter, here inserted :
4«
44
^' Accepi jam ])ridem Hteras tuas (reverendimme
^ pnesul) veteris illius benevolentia% et amoris erp;a
'* me tui plenas, in quilnis efflaf^^tas optnioncm meam
^ de Articulis quibusdam nu|KT Cantabrigio! agitati.s
^ non sine aliqua piorum ofTeiisione, (|ui graviti'r,
*^ molesteque ferunt matrem academiam, jam multi-
^^ tu<line libi^rorum et quidem doctissimorum floren-
^ tem, ea dissentione filiorum nonnihil contristatam
esse. SihI fiiTi non potest, quin veniant ofTendi-
cula, ncMpie desinet iniinicus homo inter triticum
^^ zizania seminure, donee eum Domiims sub \m^\\^
•• bus contriverit. Ix*gi Articulos et relegi, et dum
^ {Mirarem alitpiid de singulis dicere, visum est mihi
**' multo ]>otius de ipsa electione et reprobatiooe«
" (unde ilia disst»ntio orta t*sse videtur,) meam sen-
tentiam et opinionem |iaucis verbis explicare« quam
singulis sigillatim respondens fratrum fursitan qu«»-
nmdam aninias, ((pios in veritate diligi^) exacer-
** bare. Meniinisse |N)tes (omatissime antist4*s) cum
4«
44
44
•• her inaj»»«ty*H jiervice." '* Ah !
•• my lord/* »Im» n*plifil, '• y»u
** iiiiogiiie tliiit yoii are \cry
*' ohlij^in^ in mukiii^ tliis otfi*r;
•' but what you |»roff!«ii t« ro-
** ftign* ii<» a iiiaiUT <if civility,
'* I claim an a iiiatt«*r of rij^lit
*' by the laws of tho laml. My
** l<»nl archbifilio|». y«Mi haw in.
•• currt*d Uic puiJl of pramm^
•• uirr." Tbt» arch I »i shop, utit
a little AtiU-tliMl. thfu Ui(ati to
r&pLAin to the c|uc«}a that the
fnimen of the Articlet hod ii4»
intenticm to |pre them any
iiulilic authority ; timt they bod
Ihhmi drawu up merely as artU
c\v% of peace. But some cuur-
ticfH Htaudiii); by accuii4*d tb«
art' h bishop with the fact of
having sent them to Canbridce
with au oriicial charoctrr. In
the end the archbishop, seeinft
how the matter was likely to
end, resolved to »U|i|ir«as them ;
and thia waa ooouroingly doav.]
CENT. XVI. of Britain, 2XS
^ Cantabrigiffi una e&semus ct Bacras literas in schoHs A.n. 1595.
•* publicis intcq)retareinur, eandcm regulam secuU —
^ earn seminar fuisse inter nos consensioncm in om-
^ uibus religionis causis, et ne minima quidem vel
^* (lissentionisy vel simultatis suspicio unquam appa-
reret. Igitur hoc tempore si judicio dominationis
tuo^, id quod pingui Minerva scripsi probatum ire
** intellcxeroy niulto mihi minus displaeebo. Dcus
^ te diutissime servet incolumem, ut tum Regince
'^ screuissiuiffi et toti regno fidelissimus eonsiliarius,
** tum etiam ecclesi^ huie nostras Anglicanse pastor
^ utilissimus nmltos adhue annos esse possis. Vale,
** c muswo meo apud Bishop-Thorp. Calend. Octob.
** Anno Dom. 1595."
24. But when these Articles came abroad into The hiffh
the world, men's brains and tongues (as since their ^£!^h«i
pens) were emi)loyed about the authority of the^^rtidw.
same, and the obedience due imto them ; much
puzzled to find the new place where rightly to rank
them in reputation ; how much above the results
and resolutions of private divines, and how much
beneath the authority of a provincial syno<l ; some
there that almost equalled their authenticalness with
the acts of a synod, requiring the like conformity of
men's judgments unto them. They eudeavoureil to
prove that thosi' <li vines met not alone in their
[)rivate cai>acities, but also n^presenting others,
alleging this jiassage in a public letter from Cam-
bridge ^ subscTilHMl with the hands of the heatis of
that university : '' We sent up to London by com-
' See it citinl at lur^* in our IlUtory of (Cambridge, anno
»595
224 The Church History book ix.
A. n.i595-** imm consent, in November last, Dr. Tyndall and
' — LJ1_" Dr. Wliittaker, (men esiH^eially chosen for that
" l)ur]>ost\) for conference with my h)nl of C*aiiter-
** Iniry and other ]>rin(*ii>al divines thertV &c.
OihfT% 25. Others maintain the contrary ; for, errant each
value them . i . ^ t i 'i i» »
mt a lower man HI this conterencc at LamlK>th one of a tbou-
sand for learning and religion, yet was he but one
in power and jilace, and had no j)roxy or deputation
(the two Cambridge doctors excejJttHl) to appear \i\
the behalf of others ; and therefore their determina-
tions, though of great use to direct, could be but
of little authority to conclude and command the
consent of others.
socneflaUy 26. But a thinl sort, offended with the matter of
bach tiie the Articles, thought that the two archbishoim and
ai^thun^li^ rest at this meeting deserved censure for holding
orthcm. i^ii unlawful conventicle; for they had not expresB
command from the queen to meet, debate, and
decide such controversic*s. Tliose of the opposite
party were not solennily summoned and heard ; so
that it might schmu rather a design to crush them,
than clear the truth. The meeting was lii'arrontetl
with no K'gsil authority — rather a private action of
doctor John Whitgift, doctor Matthew Ilutton, &c^
than the jtublic act of the archbishoi>8 of Canterbury
and York *. One goi»th further, to atlirm that thom
Artich*s of Ii:unlN*tli wen.' afterwards forbidden by
]uiblic authority ; but when, where, and by whom*
he is not pleased to iinimrt unto us*. And strange
* Mr. Moiitupii*. in hin A|u offi>nili*d at thii innoratioa
pfal. p|». 55, 71, 7a. f»ti ht*r pn*rugative, that the
< [IVrimpn Dr. IIt*ylyn i» thrcatctiiHl to have theM di.
htTe meant, who %Xa\v% that vincM attainted in a /wvMaiJiirr;
the c|u««n was mi cicwdingly but hrr anicer wag mitiplail
CENT. XVI.
of Britain,
225
it 18 that a public prohibition should be whispered a. d. 1595.
80 softly, that this author alone should hear it, and -I '^
none other, to ray knowledge, take notice thereof.
27. As for foreign divines, just as they were How ra-
rioualy
hj the interference of some
friends of the archbishop.
Whitgift defended his conduct
upon this ground : *' that he
*' and his associates had not
" made any canons, articles, or
*' decrees, unth an intent that
'* they should serve hereafter
*' for a standing rule to direct
•• the church, but only had re-
" solved on some propositions
•* to be sent to Cambridge for
" quieting some unhappy dif-
•* ferences in that university."
•* With which answer her ma-
*' jesty, being somewhat paci-
** fied, commanded notwith.
" standing that he should
" speedily recall and suppress
'* those articles ; which was
'* performed with such care
*' and diligence, that a copy of
*' them was not to be found
** for a long time after." Hey-
lyn*8 Hist, of the Presbyterians,
p. 341 . 'Phis account of these
Articles is supported by ori-
ginal documents. See note, p.
123. In his Certamen Episto-
lare, p. 178, Heylyn also fur-
ther observes, that " the bishop,
** (Montague,) living in Cam-
" bridge at that time, might
" hear it amongst many others,
" though none but he were
" pleaited to give notice of it
" when it came in question ;
*' and, secondly, the noise
" thereof did spread so far,
" that it was heard into the
*' Low Countries; the making
** of these Articles, the queen's
Fri.LKB, VOL. v.
'* displeasure when she heard
" it, her strict command to
•* have them speedily^ sup-
'* pressed, and the actual sup-
" pression of them, being all
" laid down distinctly in a
" book published by the Re-
" monstrants in Holland, en-
'• titled Necetsaria Respansio,
** and printed at Leyden, 1618,
*' almost seven years before
" the coming out of Moun-
'* tague's book." Montague
seems to speak from personal
knowledge, see his Appeal, &c.,
p. 7 1 . The bishops, also, who
were appointed in the com-
mencement of the reign of
Charles I. to examine Monta-
gue's Y)ook, and to report whe-
ther it contained doctrines of
dangerous tendency, in their
letter to the duke uiKin that
occasion state, upon their cer-
tain knowledge, that the queeo
caused the Lambeth Articles
to he suppressed ; *' and so tliev
" have continued ever since,^'
they affirm, *' till of late some
'• of them have received ooun-
*' tenance at the synod of Dort.
*' And our hope is that the
'* church of England will be
" well advised, and more than
*' once over, before she admit
" a foreign synod, especially of
'* such a church as condemneth
" her discipline and manner of
" government, to s^y no more."
Cttliala, p. 105. See ahio Play-
fere's Appeal, p. 10, ed. 17 19.]
xxu
The Church Huiory
lOOK IX.
of them.
A. D. 159s. biassed in judgment, so ou that side ran their affise-
tions, in raising or decrying the esteem of these
Articles : some printed ", set forth, and cited them \
as the sense of the church of England ; others as
fast slighted them, as the narrow positions of a few
private and partial persons. As for Conrinus, as we
know not whence he had his intelligence, so we
find no just ground for what he reporteth, that
archbishop Whitgift for his pains incurred the
queen's disjileasure and a prftmunire >'. We presume
this foreigner better acquainted with the imperial
law and local customs of Holland, than with our
municipal statutes and the nature of a prttmunire.
Indeed there goes a tradition, that the queen should
in merriment say jestingly to the archbishop, ** M j
^ lord, I now shall want no money, for I am informed
** all your goods are forfeited unto me by your call-
" ing a council without my consent.*' But how
much of truth herein Grod knows. And be it re-
ferred to our learned in the law, whether, without
danger of such a censure, the two archbishopa, by
virtue of their place, had not any implicit leave
from the queen to assemble divines for the clearing,
declaring, and asserting of difficult troths, provided
they innovate or alter nothing in matters of reli-
gion*.
** Thyftiiu twice printed them
ftt HararoYidc, uiiio 1613.
* Bogerman in his 107 and
108 ncitcft on the iieocmd part
cyf Groiiua.
y In bin answer to tbe nolea
of Bogerman. tecond part, pag.
566. and so fcvrwara to pag.
570.
■ [** As fix the Lambeth
** Articles* thej %rere not oolr
" subscribed onto by Ih. Owr.
** all, bot (as appears bj a let-
ter written man the hishnp
of CUuiterbory to Dr. Oodl)
were shewn by the said
bishop onto Dr. Bom, mho,
although he seemed to ouJce
some frivolcNis and rhiliKsh
** objections afunst
««
•«
«•
<«
••
NT. XVI.
of Britain.
9n
88. And now I perceive I must tread tenderly, a. 0.159$.
because I go not, as before, on men's graves, but
am ready to touch the quick of some yet alive. I dcs aod-
know how dangerous it is to follow truth too near n^,,^ of
to the heels ; yet better it is that the teeth of an ^^^^^
historian be struck out of his head for writing theEngknd.
truth, than that they remain still and rot in his
jaws, by feeding too nmch on the sweetmeats of
flattery. All that I will say of the credit of these
Articles is this : that as medals of gold and silver,
though they will not [mss in payment for current
coin, because not stamped with the king's inscrip-
tion, yet they will go with goldsmiths for as much
as they are in weight; so, though these Articles
want authentic reputation to pass for provincial acts,
as lacking sufficient authority, yet will they be rea-
dily received of orthodox Christians for as fiEur as
their own purity bears conformity to God*s word.
And though those learned divines be not acknow-
ledged as competent judges to pass definitive sen-
tence in those points, yet they will be taken as
witnesses beyond exception, whose testimony is an
infiallible evidence what was the general and received
doctrine of England in that age about the forenamed
controversies.
29. This year ended the life, first, of doctor Wil- Biihop
"^ WicklMin,
" of them onWt yet he did con-
*' fens that they were all true ;
" and added thereunto that
*' they did not impugn any of
** hifl asaertions. Theae are
** the expreM wordx in the
** archbiiihop'K letter ; and to
*' Miv the truth, if Dr. Buro
'* hifl sermon containt^d no
'* wonte matter than in com-
et
«
««
priaed in hia aaaertiona which
you encloae in your letter,
he might well avouch that
they were not contradictory
'* to the Lambeth Articlea.**
March 6, i6sS. Dr. Davenant
to Dr. Ward. (MS.) 8ee Baron
own statement* in hia letter to
Nic. Hemminga, in Eniat. Re-
monKtrmnt. p. 39, ed. 1684.3
qs
228 Ths Ckurrh Hisiorj/ book ix.
A.D. 1595. Ham Wickhani, bred in King's College in Cambridge,
^ *** first bishop of Lincoln, after of Winchester, whose
taker, D». namesako, William Wickbam, in the reign of king
^j^^ Edward the Tliinl, sat in the same see more yimn
f^*^ „ than this did weeks. Indeed we know little of his
wad their Hfe. but SO much of his death as we must not men-
lion it without some pity to him, whilst in pain, and
praise to God for our own health; such Mas his
torture with the stone before his death, that for
fourteen days together he made not water*. Se-
condly, worthy doctor William Whittaker, whose
lai^r character M-e reserve (God willing) for our
History of Cambridge ^ And amongst the Roman-
ists Daniel Ilalseworth, who, as Pitzeus^ describes
him, (papists give no scant measure in praising those
of their own party,) M-as well skilled in Latin, Greek,
and Hebrew — an elegant ]>oet, eloquent orator, acute
philosopher, expert mathematician, deep-studied law-
yer, and excellent divine. Flying from England, be
lived successively in Savoy, Rome, and Milan, hav-
ing too many professions to gather wealth ; and with
all his arts and |)arts, both lived in poverty and died
in obscurity. More eminent, but more infamotm,
was the death of Robert Southwell \ a Jesuit, bom
in Suffolk % bred beyond the seas, wliere be wrote
abundance of books ; who, returning into England,
was executes! March the third for a traitor, at Lon-
don, and honoure<l for a martyr amongst men of his
own religion.
* Godwin, De Pnrsnl. Angl. him in goreming hit dioccar*}
p. 340. ^ [S«« a rtry iatrmling
^ [Sre I list, of Camhridge, MOCMint of his lite and dmtli
p. 151.] in Blorv't Hist. Scke. Jcmi, p.
« InViU. p. 794. [Ilr was 171; and in Tanncrt Hoc
a grmt frirnd of the excpUrnt J«aii. Ac, p. 30.]
BofTomeo, who made um of ' Idrm ihidem.
CEMT. XTi. of Britain. S89
80. The secular priests continued their complaints, a. 0.1596.
as against Jesuits in general, so particularly against -^
Robert Parsons ^ This Parsons, about eighteen pkint oi
years since, was in England, where, by his statizing anijut the
and dangerous activity, he had so incensed thojl^^Sy*
queen's council, that the secular priests made him^Jjjjj^
a main occasion why such sharp laws were so sud-
denly made against catholics in England ^. But no
sooner did danger l^egin to appear, but away went
Parsons beyond the seas ; wherein some condemned
his cowardliness, and others commended his policy,
seeing such a commander in chief as he was in the
Romish cause ought to repose his person in safety,
and might be nevertheless virtually present in the
fight, by the issuing out of his orders to meaner
officers. Nor did Parsons, like a wheeling cock,
turn aside with intent to return, hut ran quite out
of the cockpit, and then crowed in triumph, when
he was got on his own dunghill, safely resident in
the city of Rome. Here he compiled and hence he
dispatche<l many letters and libels into England,
and, amongst the rest, that book of the succession
to the English, (entitling the Spaniard thereunto,)
setting it forth under the false name of Doleman \
an honest, harmless secular priest, and his professed
adversary. And surely Parsons was a fit fellow to
derive the pedigree of the kings of England, who
might first have studied to deduce his oii^Ti descent
from a lawful father, being himself (otherwise called
Cowbuck) *^Jilius populi etjilius peccatiy^ as catholics
' [These dissensions of the f Deckratio Bfotuum, &e.,
Jesuits and secular priests com. ad Clementem VIII. p. 24.
menced in 1597, and lasted till ^ Camden's Elis. in anno
1603.] 1594. [Woods Atb. II. 71.]
£80
Tke Church Hiiiary
lOOK IX.
A.D. 1596. have observed'. Many letters also he sent over,
full of threats, and assuring his jiarty that the land
would be invaded by foreigners ; writing therein not
what he knew or thought was, but what he desired
and endeavoured should be true. Some of these
letters, being intercei>ted, made the queen's officers
(as they had just cause) more strict in searching, as
her judges more severe in punishing the papists.
Hereupon the seculars complaine<I that such pro*
ceedings against them (termed persecution by tliem,
and justice by our state) was caused by the Jesuits ;
and that Parsons es|>ecially, though he had kindled
the fire, left others to bc^ar the heat thereof^ ; yea,
which was more, he was not himself contented to
sleep in a whole skin at Home, but lashed others of
his own religion ; and having got his neck out of
the collar, accused others for not drawing weight
enough, taxing the seculars as dull and remiss in
1 Watsfin'fi Quodlibets, pp.
100 and 236.
• ■ [Thus Colleton, in his
" Just Defence," &c. p. 1 70,
tddreiii«*« him : *' We uwure
" oumelves, father Par«onfi,tbftt
" your reMtlem Mnirit and pen,
" your enterprihing and busy
** actions, have turned hereto*
*' fore our catholic profesaants
" to infinite prejudice ; for to
'* no known cause can we im-
" pole so much the making of
** the serc*re laws of our coun-
try, as to vour edging at-
tempts anu pr(iv«ications."
And in nnother place, af^er
observing that the mischievous
and rentleaa spirit <»f this
Jesuit had given just offence
to the queen's government.
•«
••
and brought the whole body of
the Roman catholics into sua.
picion, he observes : '* Neither
'* is father Parsons holden onlv
" of our mugistrate for a statist,
" or merchandiser of the crown
" and diadem, but his travels
" and negotiations this ^vay are
** become so notorioualv known,
" that even Pasquin in R4>me
" (as intelligence ia sent iu)
" speaketh in this manner of
** him : ' IF thbkb bk ant
*' MAN rnAT WILL BUT TBB
" KINGDOM OF England, lbt
" HIM BBPAIB to a MBBCHANT
'* IN A BLACK agVAKB CAP IN
'* TUB CITY, AND MB SHALL
*' IIAVB A VRBr OOOD PBNNT*
" WOBTH TUBBBOF." lb. p.
241.1
CBWT. XTi. o/Briiam. S81
the cause of religion; and, to speak plainly, thejA. D.i^9d.
diflfered as hot and cold poison — the Jesuits niore-!?__
active and pragmatical, the seculars more slow and
heavy ; hut both maintaining treacherous principles,
destructive to the commonwealth.
81. If we look now on the nonconformists, weAgeneni
shall find them all still and quiet. After a storm,
comes a calm: wearied with a former blustering,
they began now to repose themselves in a sad silence,
especially since the execution of Udal and Penry had
so terrified them, that though they might have secret
designs, we meet not their open and public motions;
so that this century afTordeth little more than the
mortalities of some eminent men.
S2. We begin with Richard Fletcher \ bishop of Lon- The dMth
don, bred in Bennet College in Cambridge, one of a PMb?
comely person and goodly presence, qualities not tOQ^IaJ^ft!*
be cast away in a bishop, though a bishop not to be
chosen for them. lie loved to ride the great horse,
and had much skill in managing thereof ; condemned
for very proud (such his natural stately garb) by such
as knew him not, and commended for humility by
those acquainted with him. He lost the queen's
favour because of his second unhappy match, and
died suddenly, more of grief than any other disease.
With him let me couple another heart-broken
bishop, John Coldwell of Salisbury, doctor of physic,
(St. Luke, we know, was both an evangelist and
physician,) who never enjoyed himself after he had
1 [He was uncle to the cele- Nugae, II. 41. AocordiDg to
brated poetM, Giles and Phineas bishop Goodman, he was pro-
Pletcfaer. See some account moted for his conduct at the
of him in Wood's Fasti 1. 107, execution of Mary queen of
and in sir J. Harrington's Scots.]
q4
ftSft
The Church Hiuory
BOOK IX.
A.D 1596 consented (though little better than surprised there-
_^L-_unto") to the alienation of Sherborne manor from
the bishopric.
Tbe dcftth H. Here I am at a loss for the date of the death
Humphivy. of Laurenco Humphrey, but confident I hit the but,
though miss the mark, as about this time ". He
was a conscientious and moderate nonconformist,
(oondemned for lukewarm by such as were scalding
hot,) dean of Winchester, and master of Magdalen
Ck>llege in Oxford, to which he bequeathed a con-
siderable sum of gold, left in a chest, not to be
opened except some great necessity urged there-
unto ^ But lately, whilst Dr. John Wilkinson was
president of the college, this gold was shared be-
tween him and the fellows ; and though one must
charitably believe the matter not so bad as it is
■B [By the wily intrignes of
ft rerj dishonent man, sir Wal-
ter Kaleigh. See an account
cyf thii affair in Harrington's
Nagv AntiquK, II. p. 124.]
" [Fuller has corrected this
error at a later period of his
history. Humphrey died in
1590/ See Wood's Athen. I.
142.]
o [pT. Heylyn» who was once
a member of this college, as-
serts that Dr. Humphrey was
Bot the author of this benefsc
tioo, which amounted to abore
twelre hundred double pisto-
IcU ; " the old doctor (Wilkin.
*' son) having no fewer than
" one hundred for his share of
** the spoils, and every fellow
*' thirty apiece for theirs :
'* c«ch pistolet exclianged at
** i6«. 61/.. and yet the ex-
'* chan^r got well by the bar-
<«
' gain too." " The money, m
' the tradition went in that
college, was left there br the
*' founder to remedy and re.
'* pair such ruins as either the
** casualty of fire or the raTam
'* of a civil war might bring
" upon it : to which tne nature
** of tbe coin, being all French
" pieces, (remember that the
'* English at that time wer«
" masters of a great part €i
" France.) gives a further tca-
** timony." The Appeal, Ike.,
1. HI. p. 73. Dr. Wilkinson
was one of the presidents nut
in by the visitors in the tune
of the Cromwellites ; bnt FnU
ler says that he had heard and
did partly believe that the doe-
tor did strenuouslr opnoae this
seiaure of the gold, tooogh tl
was never returned. 8ee Ths
Appeal, ib. p.74.1
CENT. XVI.
of Britain.
283
reported, yet the most &vourable relation thereof a. d 1596.
gave a general distaste p.
34. Sure I am a great antiquary, lately deceased, a gtmt
(rich as well in his state as learning,) at the hearing ||^^J|[2q*
hereof, quitted all his intentions of benefaction tojjj^*"^'
Oxford or any place else, on suspicion it would be
diverted to other uses 4, on the same token that he
merrily said, *' I think the best way for a man to
** perpetuate his memory is to procure the pope to
^ canonize him for a saint, for then he shall be sure
^ to be remembered in their calendar ; whereas
^* otherwise I see all protestant charity subject to the
** covetousness of posterity to devour it, and bury
** the donor thereof in oblivion."
35. Mr. Dalthazar Zanches, a Spaniard, bom in Thedmritir
Sherez in Estremadura, founded an almshouse atpiM^^tT
Tottenham-high-cross in Middlesex, for eight single
people, allowing them competent maintenance. Now,
seeing protestant founders are rare, Spanish protest-
ants rarer, Spanish protestant founders in England
rarest, I could not pass this over with silence; nor
must we forget that he was the first confectioner or
comfit-maker in England, bringing that mystery to
Lx>ndon ; and, as I am informed, the exactness there-
of continues still in his family, in which respect they
have successively been the queen's and king's con-
fectioners ^
P [It appears to hare been
a very scandalous businesr, al-
though Hickman attt^mpted a
very blundering defence of it.
See alito Heylyn's reply to his
statement, in his Certamen
Epistiilnre, p. 133.]
<i [Selden refused to give
his books to the university
upon this account, according
to our author ; in which state-
ment he is supported by Hey.
lyn. Cert. Epistolare, p. 133.]
^ [Upon tne parliamentary
Eroceedings at this time, see
^'Ewes* Journal, p. 538.]
t84 The Church History booe vl.
A. D. 1597* 86. A parliament held at Westminster, wherein
— !!l. the deprivation of popish bishops in the first of this
the ptfiia- qneen*s reign was declared legal. Some will wonder
"^^' what need is of this statute at so many years dia>
tance, but the prefoce intimates the necessity thereof.
The legality, also, of our bishops and their officers
was again by act of parliament confirmed. And
whereas there was a pretended concealment of some
lands of the bishopric of Norwich, the same by act
of parliament were settled on that see, and the
exchange of lands ratified, made in the reign of
king Henry the Eighth. The contemporary convo-
cation did nothing of moment.
TheaeMh 87* Thonias Stapleton this year ended bis life,
smpictoQ. and WBB buried at 8t. Peter's church in Louvatn *•
It is written in his epitaph, ^ Qui Cicedri^g in Amelia
•• nobili loco natus ;" where Cicestriie is taken not
for the city, but diocese of Chichester, having other*
wise good assurance that he was bom at Hemfleld
in Sussex, the same year and month wberrin sir
Thomas More was beheaded S observed br the catho-
lies as a grand providence. He was a most learned
assertor of the Homish religion, wanting nothing bat
a true cause to defend. On one account I am be-
holding unto him, viz., for dissuading Pitseos from
being a soldier to be a scholar ", whose history of
our English writers hath so often been useful unto
me.
The 4mUi 88. Richard Cosin \ doctor of the law and dean
Cuiijii of the Arches, tliis year ended his life— one of the
• [.Sm more of him in Wood's * Pits, in Vita, p. 796.
Ath^. I. 291 ; tnci bit life, by « Idem ibidem.
Henry Holland, prefixed to > [See hit Life, by Woi. Bar-
I't Works.] ton. B. D., printed ia 159S.]
CENT. XTI.
^Britain.
5»5
greatest ciyilians which our age or nation hath pro- a. d. 1599.
duced, a most moderate man in his own nature, but
most earnest assertor of the eccleaiastical discipline,
as bj his printed works doth appear.
39* Robert Turner his death was now much be* The death
moaned bj the papists y. He was bom at Barnstaple Turner.
in Devon, bred for a while in Oxford ; whence, flying
beyond the seas, he became canon of Breslau in
Silesia, and at the same time privy counsellor to
the duke of Bavaria, falling afterward into his dis-
pleasure, probably because more pragmatical than
became a foreigner; however, Ferdinand of Grata
(afterwards emperor) took him from the duke to be
his own secretary for the Latin tongue, wherein he
excelled, as by his printed orations doth appear.
He lieth buried at Gratz, under a handsome monu-
ment ".
40. Great was the grief of protestants for theThede^h
decease of Richard Hooker *, Tumer*8 countryman, Hooker,
as bom also in Devonshire, and bred in Corpus
diristi College in Oxford, living and dying a single
man, of whom largely before. His innocency sur-
viv(Hl to triumph over those aspersions which the
malice of others (advantaged by his own dove-like
simplicity) had cast upon him. I am informed sir
Edwin Sands hath erected a monument over him, in
his imrish church in Kent, where he lieth interred **.
y [Pit£. in ViU. p. 798.]
« [See an account of him in
Wood's Athen. I. 297. His
opuHcula bare been published
at various times, both at Ingol-
stadt and Cologne. He was a
diiiciple of Campion, of whose
death he has given some ac-
count in his works. Vol. II. p.
276, ed. 1625.]
* [There are some doubts
about the date of his death.
It seems certain, howeirer, that
he died in 1600. See Walton's
Lives, p. 247, ed. Major, 1825.
Keble's ed. p. 90.]
^ [•• Here I must retract,"
says Fuller in his Worthiet,
'* two pttsatgea in my Chnreh
" History ; for whereas I re-
286
The Church History
BOOB IS.
A.D. 1599. 41. I cannot omit what I find in this year, in Mr.
-^ — ^— Camden his manuscript Life of Queen Elizabeth ^
poiit^cart A report was cast out by our politicians, in the
diftfikcd. jjjjjg^ Qf harvest, of the danger of a present foreign
invasion — done out of design, to prevent the popu-
larity of the earl of Essex, and to try the people's
inclinations. Instantly all were put into a posture
of defence: mowers, reapers, all harvest-folk, left
their work to be employed in musters. This after-
vrards appeared but a court project, whereat the
country took much distaste ; so ill it is to jest with
edged tools, especially with scythes and sickles. My
author addeth, that people affirmed that such l^lay-
games had been fitter in the spring, (when sports
were used amongst the Romans to Flora,) and not
in the autumn, when people were seriously employed
to fetch in the fruits of the earth ; but, by his leave,
these expressions flow from critics, and fly far above
the capacities of countrymen.
42. This century concluded the lives of two
eminent Roman catholics : John Sanderson, bom in
^•'^^ Lancashire, bred in Trinity College in Cambridge,
where he set forth an excellent logic, called 8an-
Tbe death
of tlolui
*' ported Mr. Hooker to die a
** Mchelor, he had wife and
" children, though indeed tuch
*' M were neither to his com-
** fort when liring» nor credit
'* when dead. But parents can-
'* not ttainp their children from
'* their heads or heart*.*' This
information Fuller professes to
hare receired from Hooker's
•tster. lately liring at Hogwlen
(Hoiton) near London ; and
the last statement corresponds
with what Ban Jonaoo ubaarrca
in Drummoml's Journal, p. io»
that his '* children are now
" beggars."
** Secondly, his mooiunent
" was not erected by sir Edwin
" Sandys, a person as probable
" as any man alire for soch a
" performance, but by sir Wil.
*' liam C'0(>|ier, now liring in
" the castle of Hertford ; and
" let the good knijj(ht hare the
** due commendatioo thereof.**
HI 4«4 ]
c Whidi shorU; wiU bt an
forth in a new cditioo. [Siaot
poblislied al rariooa linMa.]
CBKT. xTi. of Britain. SS7
derson*8 Lode, forty years ancienter than that which a. d. i^
his worthy namesake of Oxford (of a different judg
ment in religion) hath since printed on the same
subject ^. From Cambridge he fled to Cambray in
Artois, where he liyed with good comfort, and died
with great credit with those of his own persuasion.
The other, John Case, of St. John's in Oxford, doctor
of physic, it seems always a Romanist in his heart,
but never expressing the same till his mortal sick-
ness seized upon him.
^ [Pits, in Vita, pp. 799 and 800.]
THE
CHURCH HISTORY
OF
BRITAIN.
THE TENTH BOOK,
CONTAINING THE REION OF KINO JAMES.
THE HONOURABLE
ItOBERT LORD BRUCE*
SOLE 80.N TO THE RlriHT HONOURABLE
THOMAS BARL OF ELOIN.
I A VINO, by God*B assistance, drawn
down my Histoiy to the death of
(]uccn Elizabeth, some dissuade me
from continuing it any further; be-
CBu<K>, that as St. Peter out of wariness {alias cow-
onilincss) followed Christ, who was the truth, a/ar
ftff^, m they lay this down for a maxim, that the
stnr)' of modem times must not be written by any
alive; — a jMwition. in my poor opinion, both dis-
prarerul to historians and prejudicial to posterity.
/Hxyrarf/ul to historiaiui : as if thoy would make
theniwlves like unto the beasts of the forest, as
charactered by David, trho more in the darkness, fill
the sun ariseth, and they yet them away * ; loving
■ [;Arterwarilit earl of Ailm. Cbarica IJ.]
bury. Ilfwaiuneof thelordi >> Matt, sxvi.58.
•eot to tbe Hague to weloume * Paalm civ. 10, as.
2**2 DEDICATION.
to writi» of things done at distancf, where oWurity
may protect their mistakes from discovery, hut put-
ting up t1u*ir pens as soon as the day dawns of
modern times, and they witliin the reach of refu-
tation.
Prvjiidicinl to po,sterity : sei'ing intentions in this
nature, long delayed, are at last defeated. * The
young man, moveil by his mother to marr}', retumtNl,
that as yet it was too soon ; and, some yi^ars after,
pleadcnl that now it was too late. So si»inc s:iy.
truth is not ri|>e enough to Ije written in the age
we live in; which pn)veth n)tten too much fi»r the
next generation faithfully to reiN>rt, when the im-
presses of memorable matters are ahnost woni out;
tile histories then written having more of the
author^s hand than f<K»t^teps of truth therein.
Sun* T am the most infonnative histories to pos-
terity, and such as are most highly prized by the
judicious, an* such as wen* written by tlu* eyewit-
ncKses then*of, — a?* Thucyditles, the re|Kirter of the
Pi*lo|Nmnt*si]ui war.
However, one mav observe such as write the ston"
of th(*ir own tinit*s, like the two messengers which
carried tidings to David: of these* Ahimaax (sent
the rather by |K.*nnissii»n than injunction) only UAA
David what h«* knew would pleaM* him, ac({uainting
him \^\i\\ his victory. Hut biding demandiHl of his
Hon*s di'ath, he made a tale of a tumult \ (no better
^ Plutarch in hin MumU. ' 3 8uii. xriii. 29.
DEDICATION. ««
than an officious He for himself,) the issue wliereof
was to him unknown.
Cushi, the other messenger, had in his carriage
less of cunning and more of conscience, informing
the king of his son's death, but fohling it up in a
fair expression : The enemies of my lord the king,
and all that rise against thee to do thee hurt^ be as
that young man is *.
Ahimaaz is imitated by such historians, who leave
that unwritten which they suspect will be unwel-
come. These, following the rule summa lex sains
authorise when they mei?t with any necessary but
dangerous truth, pass it over with a blank, flourished
up with some ingenious evasion.
Such writers succeeil to plain Cushi in their rela-
tions, who givi^ a true account of actions, and, to
avoid all exas|>erating terms, (which may make a
had matter worse in n^lating it,) use the most
lenitive language in expressing distasteful matter,
adventuring with their own danger to procure the
infr»rmntion of otlu^rs. Tnily one is concerned in
cons<*ience to tnmsmit to the next age some short
intimations of th(*st» times, out of fear that nvords
are not so cart»fully kept in these so many and
sudd(*n changes, as they were in former ages.
I know Macliiavol was wont to sav, ** that he
" who undertak<^ to write a history, must l)e of no
« a Sam. xviii, 3a.
S44 DEDICATION.
'' religion.** If so, he himself was the best qualified
of any in his age to be a good historian.
But I believe his meaning was much better than
his words ; intending therein, that a writer of his-
tories must not discover his inclination in religion,
to the prejudice of truth : Levi-like, who said to his
fiftther and mother, / have not seen them ; owning no
acquaintance of any relations.
This I have endeavoured to my utmost in this
Book; knowing, as that oil is adjudged the best
that hath no taste at all, so that historian is pre-
ferred who hath the least tang of partial reflections.
However, some candour of course is due to such
historians (wherein the courtesy not so great in
giving as the injury in detaining it) which run the
chiding of these present times, in hope that after-
ages may excuse them. And I am confident that
these my labours shall find the same fiivour* (which
may be in mere men, should be in all gentlemen,
must be in true Christians,) the rather because this
Book appeareth (Patronized by a dedication to your
honour.
I have selected your lordship for a patron to this
part of my History, wherein the reign of king James
is contaimnl, under whose peaceable goTemmeiit
your grandfather was liis privy counsellor, and
masti»r of the n>llH, when your family was not
brought, but brought back into England, where it
DEDICATION. M5
had flourished barons many years before. Plants
are much meliorated by transplanting, especially
when after many years they are restored to their
native soil, as cordial unto them. And thus the
continuance and increase of all happiness to yourself
and noble consort, is the unfeigned prayer of
Your Honour's most obliged Servant,
THOMAS FULLER.
rS
CHURCH HISTORY
BRITAIN.
BOOK X.
iHE difference betwixt tlie scculara andA.tt ifai.
tlie Jesuits still continued and in
; cn-nsed. AMierefore bisliop Bnncrufl,UnfanMni.
I rnunting the seculars the better butuibLc/
' weaker side, afforded them couiito-^f^^rt-
iianco and nmintcnnnce in London Iloune, accom--"^''*
inodatinff them with necessarieB to write against
their adversaries ; hoping the protestants might
nsi^ult (lie Honii!<li caiiwe with the greater advan-
la;:e, when they found » breach made to their hand
hy the others' own disai-nsions ". Uiit siieh who Ixtre
no g<HH]>will to the bishop, iH-holding the rreijuent
repairing an<l familiar conversing of such priests in
■ [To this rimort Wutson " of Kvcndpn, and the biohop
iilludfM in i>n« of hi* letter* ; " of rjimdoti, and I know not
und it DcentN to Imvc liceii well " wtuim, to iK-trny all cuthtdio,
):r»niided : "They (the Josuitii) " tind ht'mfi them within com.
" ri-jH>rted," he nays, " thut 1 " imibh of tniuMU.'' Guodman's
" wua net wn by the lord Cecil Mem. II. 84.]
r4
248 The Church History booe %.
1601. his house, made a contrary construction of his ac*
-^tions, and reporte<l him popishly affected. Thus
those who publicly do things in themseWes liable to
offence, and privately reserve the reasons of their
actions in their own l>osoms, may sufficiently satisfy
their consciences towards (Jod, but will hardly avoid
the censures of men, to which too unwarily they
exposi' thenisi»lves. With more general applause
was the bounty of archbishop Whitgift bestowed,
who now finished his hospital, founded and endowed
by him at Croydon in Surrey, for a warden and
eight and twenty bri'thren; as also a free school,
with liberal maintenance, for the inlucation of youth.
Goil (the Ix'st of creditors) no doubt long since hath
plentifully repaid what was lent to him in his
members.
n Um 2. Tlie last parliament in this queen's reign
rf**' now liegun at Westminster, and dissolvtHl the month
^*' next following. Of such things which at distance
may sei*m to relate to church affairs, in this parlia-
ment, it was enactetl, ** That overseers of the |>oor
^ should be nominateil vearlv, in I^^ter week, un-
•* der the hand and seal of two justices of peace ^ ;
** and that these, with the churchwardens, should
^* take care for the relief of the ]>oor, binding out of
** apprentices, 6ic. As also, that the lord chancellor
^ should award commissions under the great seal,
^ into any part of the realm, as cause should require,
•• to the bishop of ever)* diocesi* and his chancellors
** and any four or more iM^rsons of honest lieha-
^ viour, to inquire by oaths of twelve men into the
^ Sutute 43 of queen Elisabeth, c. a.
^ llnd. ctp. 4.
CBWT. XTii. of Britain. 249
^ miBemployment of any lands or goods given toA.D. 1601.
43 EKfc
pious uses; and by their orders to appoint them
to be duly and fiiithfully paid or employed to their
^ true uses and intents." In pursuance of this
statute, much good was and is done to this day, in
several parts of the kingdom, the law being very
tender, that the true intentions of the donor should
take effect, as by this eminent instance may appear.
By the rule of the law, copyhold land cannot be
aliened but by surrender ; but yet, if a man devise
such land to a charitable use, though it had not
been surrendered, this is adjudged good ^, and shall
be construed an appointment to a charitable use
within this statute.
3. Now, if we look into the convocation parallel Acts oC diit
to this i)arliament, therein we shall find that it began
with a Latin sermon of William Barlow, doctor of
divinity, and one of her majesty's chaplains, (after-
wards bishop of Rochester, then of Lincoln,) preach-
ing on this text, Luke xix. 13,) Negotiamini dum
renio. In this convocation, Matthew Sutcliffe, doc-
tor of the law and dean of Exeter, was chosen pro-
locutor, but nothing save matters of course passed
therein. Nor find I any eminent divine deceased
this year.
4. Francis Godwin, doctor of divinity, sub-dean Frandt
of Exeter, son of Thomas Godwin, bishop of Wells, mMtobUm
(like another Gregory Nazianzen, a bishop, son to a^"*""^^*
bishop %) was promoted to the church of Llandaff.
I le was bom in the fourth year of queen Elizabeth,
who was not a little sensible of and thankful for
^ 15 Jac. in Rivet's one in [prefixed to hit Works. Peris,
chancery. 1 609. See bishop Taylor's Cases
« In Vita Greg. Naiiansen, of Coasciance, PW677.]
250
The Church History
BOOK X.
A. I). if>oi.Go<l*H favour unto her, in suifering her so long to
^'^ ''^'. hold the helm of the English church, till one bom
within her reign was found lit to Ik' a bishop. He
was stored with all polite learning, l>oth judicious
and industrious in the study of antiquity, to whom
not only the church of Llandaff* (whereof he well
deserveil) but all England is indebtcnl, as for bin
other learned writings, so e8|)ecially for his Cata<>
logue of Bisho]>s. He was translated, anno 1617» to
Hereford, and died, many years after, a very old
man, in the reign of king Charles '.
Watson*! 5. Now cauic fortli a notable book against the
agmiiut the Jesuits, written in a scholastic way, by one Watson,
****^ a sec'ular j>rie8t, consisting of ten Quodlibets, each
whereof is subdivided into as many Articles ^. It
' [HiA election ums conHrmed
on the 1 4th of November, and
his conaecrution performed on
the 32nd. in the collepute
church of St. Peter's, U'ent-
Diinster. Strype'ii Whit^ft,
553. His C(mg«^ d elire, In^ar-
infT date Jan. 7, i'>o3. In print-
ed in Kymer's Fcvd. xvi. 488.
He lived till the year 1611.
See (rfidwin de Pra^Hul. 696,
613. and a mort* ditFuMve ac-
count of him in WinmI'ii Ath.
I. 5H0, who iitat4*« that (]uet*n
KliialH'th advanced Godwin to
tlie lee of Llandatf on account
of hii* *'('atalopi<'of liii»lio|>H."]
If [*• A IX»cachordiin of Ten
'* QucKlliboticul Qut»iitionA con-
** crrnin^ Heli^ion and State ;
** wherein the author, framing
** hininelf a (|uililH*t to every
** Quodlibet. decides an hun-
dred cross interrogaUiry
dottliU abuut the Keocral
•t
'* contentions betwixt the se-
** minary priests and Jesuits
" at this present.'* Xewlj ioi.
printcnl, 1603. 4to. Thii title-
page bears no name, Uiou|th
Watson acknowledges himself
to lie the author at p. 361.
rnproniiHin;; as is the title of
the book, it contains a fund of
the most curious infonnmlioo
respecting the personal historr,
hccret intrigues, and proceed
ings of the Jesuits and Roman
catholics during the later yean
(»f <]UiH*n Klixalieth. Wataoo
was likewise the autlior of
M*veral {laniphlets of the same
nature, to which he generallr
pre(ixe<l his initials, W. \l .
Ik*ing a very pragmatical and
busy character, he collected
much secret anecdote and acaa-
dalous historr, which he cnp*
tied unmercifully npoa hk %m*
CENT. XTii. o/Britahi. 851
discovereth the Jesuits in their colours, feiTetingA.D.1602.
them out of all their burrows of equivocation and ^ ""
mental reservation ; holding Proteus so hard to it,
that in despite of his changing into many shapes, he
is force<l to appear in his own proper form. No
entire answer, for aught I can learn, was ever re-
turned to this book ; the Jesuits (acconling to their
old trick) slighting what* they cannot confute, and
counting that unworthy to be done which they
found themselves unable to do. Indeed, for matters
of fact therein, they are so punctually reported, with
the several circumstances of time and place, that
the guilty consciences of such as are concerned
therein, though snapping and snarling at pieces and
passages ther(H)f, for the main may well give it over
for unanswerable.
6. Yet the whole book is written with an embit- tim bbek
tered style, so that protestant charity hath a better jamhi
conceit of Jesuits than to account them altogether JUJ^^
so bad. Take one passage of many : " No, no, t^ieirJ^jJI^*
" course of life doth shew what their study is ; andR^^i^
" that howsoever they lK)ast of their perfections,
holiness, meditations, and exercises, yet their plat-
form is heathenish, tyrannical, satanical, and able
" to set Aretine, Lucian, Machiavel, yea, and Don
** Lucifer, in a sort to school, as impossible for him,
*• by all the art he hath, to besot men as they do •*.*•
This is the same Watson, who, tliough boasting of
the obedience of the secular priests to their sove-
reigns, and taxing the Jesuits for want thereof, was
notwithstanding himself afterwards executed for a
traitor, in the reign of king James. It seems as
>* Second Quodlibet, third Article, p. 6a.
44
<4
S5S The Church History book x.
A. D. 1601. well seculars as Jesuits are so loaden with lojmltj,
— — !!l.tliat both neeil the gallows to case them of the
burden thereof.
r ^^'e*^^ 7. Great at this time was the calm in the Engliih
church, Mid church, the brethren not endeavouring any thing in
thereof, opposition to the hierarchy. This some impute not
to their quietness, but weariness, because so long
they had in vain seeked to cast off that yoke from
them ; besides, they did not so much practise for the
present, as project for the future, to procure here-
after an establishment of their ecclesiastical govern-
ment. For they beheld the queen*8 old age as a
taper of virgin wax now in the socket, ready to be
extinguishetl ; which made them address and apply
themselves with all diligence to James king of Scot-
land, the heir apparent to the crown, as to the riaiiig
sun, whom they hoped will be more farourable to
their proceedings;^ — hopes not altogether groundleM,
whilst they considered the power of the presbytery
in the church of Scotland, where bishops, though
lately restored to their place, were so restrained in
their power, that small was their command in church
affairs ; which made the brethren in England thence
to promise great matters to themselves, but with
what success shall be seen hereafter. At for Mr.
Tliomas CartHTight, the chieftain of that pwty in
EngUnd, we find him at this time growing rich in
the town of Warwick, (there master of an hospital,
by the benevolence and bounty of his fbllowen,)
where he preachetl very tem|>erately ', according to
liis promise made to the arehbishop ^.
' Hir Geom VwoXm Life cif 554. The Mune ftutbor qoolcB
Archbifthop Whitgift, t- 79. a piMigc from itr II. Yelvcr-
^ [Sm Sirjpe'a Whitgift, too't Kpittb to the Kmim.
CBMT. XVII.
of Britain.
S5S
8. Some ascribe this his mildness to his old age a. d. 1601.
and ex|>erience, it being commonly observed that
in controversies of this kind, men, when thej consult reMont m-
with their own grey hairs, begin to abate of their JJJ^
violence. Others conceive that archbishop Whit-JJ^JJg^Jl^
gift had conquered him with his kindness, having
formerly procured him both his pardon and dismis-
sion out of all his troubles; so that his coals of
courtesies, hea]XHl on Mr. Cartwright*s head, made
the good metal (the ingenuity in him) to melt into
moderation. For in his letters written ^ith his
own hand, March 24, anno 1601, he confesseth him-
self much obliged unto him, vouchsafing him the
style of "a right reverend father in God, and his
" iord the archbishop\s grace of Canterbury ;** which
title of grace he als<» often yieldeth him throughout
his letters, acknowledging his ^*bond of most humble
** duty so much the straiter^ because his grace^s farour
** proceeded from a frank disposition, without any
** desert of his own '.'' Others (and that not impro-
Iiably) do think that Mr. Cartwright grew sensible
with sorrow how all sects and schisms, being op|K>-
site to bishops, (Brownists, Barrowists, &c.) did
shroud and shelter themselves under his protection,
whom he could neither reject with credit nor receive
with comfort, seeing his conscience could not close
prefixed to bitihop Morton*ii
Episco|>acy Jusitifircl, as a proof
of the clmnge in ( ^irtwright's
nentinienUt ; ''which he «poke
"to a sober perMHi on his
" deathbed, and credibly re.
** |iorted to that gentleman
'* from one in Warwick : that
" he seriously lamented the
'* unneceiiary troublea he had
" caused in the church bj the
'* schism he had been the greal
'* fomenter of; and wished he
" was to begin his life again,
*' that he might testify to the
" world the dislike he had of
*' his former ways. And in
" this opinion he died."]
1 Sir Ot»rge Piinl, ib.
5i54 Th€ Church Hutmry book x.
A. D. 1602. with their enormous opinions^ and his counsel could
ii'i'
not ref^late their extravagant violences, which made
him by degrt»es decline their jiarty. Yet, for all
this, there want not those who will maintain that all
this while Mr. Cartwright was not more remiss, but
more reserved in his judgment, being still as sound
but not as shar]> in the causis out of ]>olitic intenta,
like a skilfnl pilot in a great tempest, yielding to
the violence of a storm, therewith to be carried
aw*ay, contrary to his intents for the present, but
vraiting when the wind should scmhi turn al>out to
the north, and blow him and his a proH|)erous gale,
according to their desires.
Z^-!^ 9- What his opinions were, may appear by the
iir.c«n- premises; and his life may be presumed most pious,
^ it concerning him to be strict in his conversation,
who so stickled for the reformation of all abuses in
the church ; — an excellent sc^holar, pure Latinist^
(his travels advantaging the ready use thereof,) accu-
rate (irecian, exact Hebraician, as his comments on
the Pniverbs and other works do sufficiently testify.
But the masterpiece of all his writings was that his
Confutation of the Uhemish Translation of the New
Testament into Knglish, at the ini{>ortunity of many
ministers of London and Suffolk ; and sir Francis
Walsingham, the (pieen's si»cretary, ( Mr. Cartwrigbt s
es|K'<Mal patron.) gave him an liundnHl pcmnds to
buy him IxM)ks and encourage him in that work "*.
However, the wetting forth thertnif was stop|>e<l by
archbishop Whitgifl ", ]>robably, we may conceive,
■* [In 1 583.] *S*«* the Pro- n-numi'd his wcirk shortly after.
imct of Mr. l*uitwn|{ht*« ImmiW. 8«v the publi«her*ii Frrlaee to
' [In i5<yo. But not w the IU*ader, from which tlw in*
ftto|i|wd but that Cartwright Cumiatioii in the test tt dcrivid.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
^5
because some passages therein did glance at andA.D. irioa.
gird the e])i8Copal discipline in England; and after J[1..JL.
it had lain thirty years neglected, it was first set
forth anno 1618, and then without either privilege
or licence o, except any will say that truth is a
licence for itself. In a word, no English champion
in that age did with more valour or success charge
and rout the Romish enemy in matters of doctrine.
But Mheii that adversary sometimes was not in the
field, then his active spirit fell foul, in point of dis-
cipline, with those which otherwise were of his own
religion.
10. The same year |)roved fatal to many other Bjihop
eminent clerg}'men; and I hope, without offence, lin^TSiln'
may join them together, their bodies at the samcp^^*'''
time meeting at the grave, though their minds before J?"***/,
had parted in ditterent opinions. WiUiam
' ' Harris, d*.
i. Ilerlx^rt \V est phaling, bishop of IIen»ford,( though JJSd!*^
perchance his ambiguous death is more properly re-
ferred to the last yearP,) brought up in Christ Church
in Oxford, being the first bishop of that foundation;
a man of great jnety of life, and of such gravity
that he was seldcmi or never seen to laugh ^ ; leaving
It muRt not, lioweviT, he for-
pitteii that ( artwright puli-
liHhiMl u Hiimll tract against
part of the HhcmiiitM' work,
entitled, *' The Answer to the
" Preface to the Uheniish Tes-
*• tament. By T. C'artwright,
" at Kdinbnrgh. Printed by
*• Hol>ert Waldegrave, printer
" to the king's majesty. 1602.
" Cum privilegio regis." —
I a mo.]
*> [But neither in there pri-
vilege or licence to hin (*oni*
ment on Ek:clesiasteH, which he
dedicated to James I.]
P [He died March ist, 1602.
See Wood*8 Ath. I. 3 14. God-
win, who knew him well, has
by a stninge miHtake referrt*d
his death to the year 1585,
which indeed is the date of his
translaticui Ui the see of Here-
ford. De Pra*sul. p. 495.]
<i (rodwin de Pr«*sulibus
Angliip, p. 495.
256 The Church History book %.
A. D. i6o4.no great but a well-gotten estate, out of which he
— bcqueathe<l twenty |>ound8 per annum to Jeras Col-
lege in Oxfonl.
ii. Alexander Nowell, doctor of divinity, and dean
of St. Paul's in London, bom in Lancashire, bred m
Oxford, afterwards fled into Germany, in the reign
of queen Mary. He was the first of English exiles
that returned in the days of queen Elizabeth ' ; and
I have read how in a parliament he was chosen
burgess of a town of Cornwall; but his election
pronounced void, because he was a deacon ; — a man
of a most angelical life and deep learning ; a great
defender of justification by faith alone, and yet a
great practiser of good works, — witness two hundred
pounds a year rent for the maintenance of thirteen
students, bestowed on Brasenose College, wherein
he had his education ' ; a great honourer of the
marriage of the clergy, and yet w*ho lived and died
single himself; an aged man, of ninety years of age,
yet fresh in his youthful learning ; yea, like another
Moses, his eyes were not dim, nor did he ever make
use of si>ectacles ^ to read the smallest print \
iii. William Perkins, who was bom in the first
and died in the last of queen Elizabeth ; so that his
life, (as vrc have elsewhere obsiTved, to which we
remit the reader ^,) mnning parallel with this queen's
reign, began, continued, and ended therewith.
iv. (iregf>ry (before his entrance into religion,
Robert) Sayer, bred in Cambridge; then, leaving
' Dcmald Lnpton in hit Life, rookig. p. 217, ed. i6ao.
[Protent. Diriiw*, p* as^i ed. " [According to Camdra, lie
1637 ] died in Febniftnr. 1603.]
* Camden '■ Klii. in anno ^ In the Hoijr Sutv, wbcrt
160a. we his life at laife. p. 88.
« Hugh IloUand in hia Hcu
CENT. XVII. o/Briiain, 267
the university, fled beyond sea, where he became aA.D.ifioi.
Benedictine monk, of the congregation of St. Justin ^
in Padua. lie lived in several parts of Europe, as
at Rheims, Rome, Montccasino, Venice, where he
died, and was buried the thirtieth of October \ hav-
ing written many volumes in great esteem with men
of liis profession.
V. William Harris, as obscure among protestants
as eminent with the ])opish |)arty ; a master of arts
of Lincoln College in Oxford, whence, leaving the
land, he fled beyond sea, living at Douay ; and after-
wards he came over into England ^, where it seems
he had the ha|) to escape the queen's oflScers, and to
die in his bed. His book, called **Tlie Theatre of
** the most true and ancient Church of England,** is
highly nccounte<l of Roman catholics.
11. About this time the low estate of the city ofR^Uefient
Geneva (the nursery of the reformed religion) wasorooim
lively re[>resented to the prelates, clergy, and well-
di8|)osed |K»rsons of England, being for the ])resent
in a very doleful condition. Long since it had been
undone, but lx>cause it had so many enemies to undo
it ; so that, by God's providence, out of the devourer
came meat ^. Such neighlK)uring princes and states,
which were tx)th willing and able to swallow up this
Zoar, did jiresc^rve it ; for rather than Savoy should
sup])ress it, Venice, Florence, the popish cantons in
Switzerland, and France itself, would support it. But
for all this |>olitic geometr}', wherewith long it had
hung safe betwixt sevt»nil competitors, it was lately
shrewdly shaken by the puissance of the duke of
> Pitz. in \'it.i, p. boi. 1 Idem. p. 802. < Judges xtv. 14.
KU l.LKR, VOL. V 8
258 The Church History looK X.
A. D.ifios. Savoy, who, addicUnl to the Spanish faction, had
banished all protestanta out of his dominions. Arch-
bi8ho|) Whitji^ift, whose hand was ever opt»n to any
pious design, led with his liberal example, and the
rest cheerfully followed ; so that large sums of
money were seasonably made over for the relief of
Geneva ■.
ThedMth 12. Queen Elizabeth, the mirror of her sex and
Eihab^ age, (having above forty years, to the admiration of
envy itself, nianage<l this kingdom, finding when she
began few friends that durst help, and leaving no
foes that could hurt her,) exchanged her earthly for
a heavenly crown ; who, as she lived and diinl an
unspotted virgin, so her maiden memory is likely, in
this res]>ect, to remain sole and single, seeing history
aflfonls no prince to be matched to her fame in all
considerable particulars. Iler eor])se was solemnly
interred under a fair tomb in Westminster, the lively
draught whereof is pictured in most London and
many country churches, every parish being proud of
the shadow of her tomb ; and no wonder, when €*ach
loyal subject erectefl a mournful monument for her
in his heart. Rut, soon after, all English souls were
eniploye<l e(|ually to divide themselves betwixt ex-
clamations of sorrow for her death and acclamations
of joy for king James his succeeding her^.
KinirJunn IS. And uow it is strange with what assiduity and
I^ki^nr diligence the two poti*nt [larties, the defenders of
o^T r ^'P'**<*<>l>^y *^*' presbyter}', with equal ho|>e8 of suc-
HiMrty. (t»Hs, ma«le (U'sidi's private and fmrticular addresses)
public and visible applications to king James» — the
• [a6()ct 1603.] the qucen'i dc«lh b? an 9j^
^ [Stt* (ttMidumn'ii Mmioim witnrtii, vol. II. p. 55,
of Jmiit-* I ftir an aooount of not**.]
CENT. XTII.
of Britain,
259
J
first to continue, the latter to restore^, or rather setA. i). i6o.i.
up their government ; so that, wliilst each side was ~ ""**'
jealous his rival should get the sttirt by early stirring,
and rise fir«t in the king*s favour, such wua their
vigilancy, that neither may seem to go to bed ; in-
cessantly diligent, both before and since the queen's
death, in dispatching posts and messages into Scot-
land to advance their several designs*^. We take
notice of two principal : Mr. Lewis Pickering, a
Northamptonshire gentleman, and zealous for the
prcsbyterian party, M'as the third person of quality,
who, riding incredibly swift, (good news makes good
horsemen,) brought king James the tidings of queen
Elizal)eth*s death ; but how far and with what an-
swer he moved the king in that cause, is uncertain'.
Dr. Thomas Nevill, dean of Canterbury, came into
Scotland some days after him, (except any will say
that he comes first that comes really to efiect what
he was sent for,) being solemnly employed by arch-
liishop Whitgift to his majesty, in the name of the
bishops and clergy of Elngland, to tender their
Imunden duties, and to understand his highness*
pleasure for the ordering and guiding of ecdesias-
^ [•• There is a fooliiih ni-
** mour up and down in the
•* court, of sir H. Bromley,
*' lord Thomufi Howard, lord
" (-<ibliani, and the dean of
'* (.'anterbury. Dr. Nevile, that
** ouch nhould f^ to move the
** king for what they like :
*• Nevile for the protefttant,
*' lord Thomaji Howard for the
" papJHt, Bromley for the pu.
" ritan, lord Cobham for the
" atheiKt." M»S. Journal in
Harl. MSS. 5353.
Among others, Wataon, the
»euiinar}' priest* waa sent to
obtain toleration for the Roman
catholics, but apparently with-
out effect { and this may be the
reason why several pamphlets
were put forth by that party to
the prejudice of James's suc-
CL'HHion. See Kennett's AfSS.
Ixxxix. p. 1 1, and WataonV re-
markable letter in the Memoirs
of James I. Vol. H. p. 59 ]
^ [See Goodman, ib. p. a 8,
and note.]
88
260
The Chirch History
BOOI X.
Wataon*!
silly trm-
A.n. if«3.tical causes*. He brought back a welcome answer
to such as sent him of his highness* purpose, ** which
^ was to uph(»ld and maintain the government of
** the late queen, as she left it settled."
14. Soon after followed the treason of William
Watson, on this occasion. Tliis Watson, secular
priest, had \iTitten a bitter book against the Ji^suits,
as being one knowing, though not so secret, of their
faults, as their own confessors; taxing them ^ith
truth so plain, they could not deny — so foul, they
durst not confess it. Now such is the charity of
Jesuits, that they never owe any man any ill-will,
making present jmyment thereof. These holy fathers
(as Watson intimated on the scaffold, at his death*
and forgave them for the same^) *^ cunningly and
*• covertly drew him into this action," promoting
him (who was ambitious, though ]ireteuding to much
mortification) treasonably to practise his own pnv
ferment ^.
• HirG.PauFHLifo of Whit-
gift, 5. 1 26.
^ Stim-'n C'hron. p. 831.
K [CuAiuitMin. ill liitt lettor
t4i Froiit4» DiicaMis, says that
WatMiii ami ( larki* c nntaiitly
ftfiirintMl that tht's ooii.iiiiifiiinil-
cd tlM*ir coiiHjiinicy tci the Je-
ftiiitM, mill anki'd thi'iii to join it ;
liut they refuM'fl. allv^ing that
they were eii^iig«ii in MMiie other
p!«>t, niennin):, \\% it wxin Mip*
|Nme(i, the (vunfiou-cler Tr(*aiMin.
p. Ho. An ini|H*netnihle niyntery
hangv aUttit thiit hy.ph»t. iin it
wiu calUtl. WutMUi, in hin
letter t«> the hmU of the privy
etiuncil, iin<i |«rtieularly m hin
Qutidlibet*. diiiplayii the hittt-r-
e»t Be«l Asiil luiiuiuftity «|puniit
the Ji*iiuiUi; taxt>H them vith
lK*in;; the AUthora of all the
trouhlen lirotight n|Min the Ro-
man catholicn. hy Uieir turlm-
lent and iieilitiou» amdact ;
and hin lettcT axM'rtA that this
char^ of tn*njuin wa» brought
agaiiiKt him hj their mochiiuu
tionn, in order to ^t rid of
hint, whom ther dreadrd ■» a
powerful enemy. Yel ml Ki*
death he oiikii their pardon and
their prayers. See wite. is. J.
15. It would teem, then, tluit
tuf) conHpiraciea were foruird
oi^iniit king Janiea* the one by
the M*cukr prieOo, the ulber
hy the Jeouits ; and it ia not
impmlmble that the latter, rtill
retaining a tense of iMr an*
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 261
15. Watson, with William Clarke, another of his a. 0.1603.
own profession, having fancied a notional trp>ft«nn, ' ""^
ini]iarted it to George Brooke, one angry with^^JJ^
nature, not so much for making him lame, as a
younger brotlier. These break it to (Brooke» his
brother) the lonl Cobham, to the lord Gray of
Whaddon, and sir Walter Raleigh — the one a known
protestant, the other a reputed puritan, the third an
able statesman — besides some other knights, dis-
pleased with their jiresent fortunes (how quickly is
discontent inflamed into disloyalty !) because, since
the turning of the wheel at the queen s death, on
the wrong side of prefennent. Watson devised an
<iath of seiTeoy for them all, which yfxis no more
than needful, considering their ditterent interests—
rather pieced than unitinU patched than pieced to-
gether.
16. Had one lost his religion, he might have Their wiu
found it (though I confess a treason is but a bad viiereby to
place to seek it in) in this conspiracy, wherein menj^"*
of all |)er8uasioii8 Mere engaged. Their parts were
VLS< ditTerent as their opinions, Mmie of them t)eing
coneeive<l t4>o wise to begin, an<l others too weak
to finish so dangerous a design. The ends they
propounded to themselves (as they were charged
therewith) were, to kill tlie king, raise rebellion,
alter ri^ligion — at least gain a toleration, and procure
a foHMgn invasion, with many more things, which
may l>e spoken easier in a minute than done in an
age, es[K»cially their interest being not much at
cii'iit grudge iiguiiittt the mh:u- government, but had weum and
Ian, which uriginuted during cunning (certainly not honesty)
the lattfr psirt tif thi* huit reign, enough to keep their own neclu
hetrayod this con»piracy t4i the out of the unarv.]
S62
The Church History
BOOK X.
A. i>. 1603. home, and nothing abroad. Tliey ante-divided all
—offices of state betwixt themselves — lonl marshal to
one, treasurer to another, master of the hone to a
thinl, secretary to a fourth, &c. ; only sir Walter
Raleigh (able to discharge any) had no particular
office assigned unto him. Watson was to be lonl
chancellor, being very fit for the place, had he but
as much skill to <leci(le causes as write quodlitjets.
There wanted nothing to estate them in all these*
offices, but only their getting of them.
17. Wonder not that this treason was discovered
»» soon, but covered ho long **. The two priests alone,
with (Jeorge Brooke, were executwl ; who, to use the
words of king James in his letter to sir lienjamin
Tichbounie, sheriif of Hampshire, (for, the plague
being in London, tenn was removed to Winchester,
where they were tried,)** vaire the princi|»ali plotteris
** and intisairs of all the rest, to the embracing of the
*^ saidis treasonabil machinations '."* The rest vrere
Tti« two N
priests e««-
cuted.
^ [According U> J(ihiiHti)ii,
Fraiicift Uuriiaby, a Kdiiiiiili
prii*tit, fiixt fiiHcoverod tlu* plot
to Baiicnift, and he U) C'«cil ;
but Baruabj could mention no
othors than\VutM>ii and Clarke;
which MH*nift to conHrm the as.
■ertion of biMhc^p (tcMMlman.that
Raleigh wus no otherwise con.
cemed in the plot than a« being
aware of itt exiHtenci*, which he
had intended to dimrloM*. but
was antici|MitetL See Johnston,
Hist. lir. p. 372. Smie inge-
nious remarks u|M>n it will Iw
found in TvtK-r's Life t»f Ho-
leigh. p. 15 7* SI], and p. 444.
Bish<ip CitMidniaii. in his Me-
nu»ini. has funiislicd some verv
•
iin|HNtant infurniatiiMi rem|iect-
ing it. I. p. 63. and the LeCtera,
1 1 . p. 86, sq. He conceiTea tbat
sir (reorge Brooke alone waa
cul liable, who in a fit of dis-
content formed the plot, with
a view to gain laToiir bj dia-
eovering it.]
i [This letter is pobliabed at
length in a tract entitled, " Tlie
*' (\»pv of a Letter written
*' from' Master T. M., near S^
" lisbury. to Master H. A., at
*' I^indon, concerning the pro.
** a*eding8 at Winchester ;
where the late lord Cobhaoi.
lord Ctray, and sir Grifia
Msrkhuni. all attainted of
" high treason, were ready to
U* executed, on Pridnr the
c>th of Ilmniber. ioo3«**
tt
••
«•
«•
C'EMT. XVII.
nf Britain.
sees
pardoned their lives, not their lands J. We must not a. d. 16^.
* I Jamet.
forpet that the priests pleaded the silliest for them
selves of all that were arraigned, alleging that their
practice against the king could not be treason,
because done against him before he was crowned ^ ;
Watson instancing in Saul, who was anointed in
Ramah ^ and afterward made king in Mizpeh ".
Clarke insisted on Rehoboam, as being no king till
the people had made him so°; not remembering
(what our lawyers there minded them of) the difier-
ence betwixt successive kings, deriving their claim
from their ancestors, and one newly elected ; the
English crown also being as incapable of an inter^
regnum as nature of a vacuity. Meantime the Jesuits
looked on, and laughed at Watson's execution, to
see how bunglingly secular priests went about a
treason, resolving in the next platform thereof (which
now they were contriving) to rectify the errors
Watson had committed ; not to engage in a squint-
eyed company, where two did not look the same
way, but to select a com|)eteucy of cordial catholics
for the pur|>08e.
18. No sooner was king James settled on the Mr. Out-
English throne, but Mr. Cartwright presented untOdiC£la
him his Latin Comment on Ecclesiastes ^ thank- jl^j*
Thin tract waH printed in 1603,
and reprinted in Morgan's
Plicrnix BritannicuH, p. 5i«J
J [WatAon and Clarke were
hanged upon 29th Nov., and
both cut aown alive. Brooke
waa beheaded on Monday,
Dec. 5, in the castle-yard. See
Carte's HiAtory, III. p. 732.]
*^ [See the voluntary decla-
ration of Ant. Copley, dated
14th July, 1603, in Lingard's
Hiat. Eng.VI. p. 641.]
1 I Sam. X.I.
■* Ibid. ver. 24.
" I Kings zii.i*
o [Prioted at Loodoa in
1604, in 4to.]
84
264 Tht Chttrch Historif book x.
A. D. 1603. fully mentioning in his Dedication bow he had
!^ somo twenty years before, been chosen to be pio*
fesRor in a Scotch university, though declining the
acceptance thereof because of his pastoral charge,
bc'ing then minister to the English congregation at
Antweq> — thanks, perchance, not so proper to the
person of king James, (though in loyalty and good
manners justly tendered unto him,) as due rather to
those who in his minority steered the ailairs of Soot-
land. Nor let any wonder that an Knglishman
should be proifereil preferment in Scotland, seeing
it was but (»iie for another, rememliering that I have
read in the* life of Mr. Knox that he was oflTered
an English bishopric, in tlie n*ign (as I take it) of
king Edwani the Sixth, and like\^ise refused the
same.
Mr.Ctft^ 19. But Mr. Cartwright survivi^l not long after,
"dmfh. (otherwise, no doubt, we should have hi^rtl of him
in IIam|>ton Court conference, as the champion of
his party.) who died at the age of sixty, on the
twenty-seventh of IK»cemlHT following. To what
We have fonnerly largi^ly writ of his charnctor, we
now only aild that he was hon\ in Ilertfonlshire,
and marrit^l the sbter of Mr. Stubbs ^ who^e hami
was stnick oil' for writing an (inteq»rete<l) libel
against (|U(H.*n Klizatn^th's marriagi* with Monsieur^.
This I dare boldly say, she was a most excellent
wife, if she proved like lufr bn»ther, whom Mr.
V [TIh* DiM-iiwry of u ^apiii^ letting lu*r MAJi*iity set* llMf Sin
(fiilf \«liiT<*iiiti> Kii^lutiti in aiiiiFiiiiiiihmcnttbtfreuf. Mnur
likf to l»e iiUiillo\%t*<l \\ all. Aiipiiiti. i57(;. 8vii.l
ulhi'r Fn*nch Marriuiet*. if tlu* M (uiiiiifn in hift Eiis. 1581.
Ijoni forliiil not tlu* liuniiH. I>v
cKirr. XVII. of BriUmi. 265
Camden (no great friend of puritans) cordially com- a. 0.1603.
mendetb for a right honest man, generally beloved ' *™**'
whilst living, and lamented Yfhen dead. He was
afflicted towards his old age with many infirmities,
iii8orauch that he was forced continually to study
u|>on his knees ^ My ears shall be deaf to the
uncharitable inference of those who impute this
extraonlinary painful posture as a just punishment
upon him, in that he had so bitterly inveighed
against the gesture of those as superstitious who
royercntly received the sacrament on their knees.
Mr. Dodd preached his funeral sermon.
SO. And now, because there was a general expec- The pm.
tation of a parliament, suddenly to succeed thejU^UI*^
pre^byterian party, that they might not bi^ surprised ^^'^^^^j,
before they had their tackling about them, went
about to get hands of the ministers to a petition,
which they intended seasonably to present to the
king and parliament. Mr. Arthur Ililderslmm and
Mr. Ste[)hen Kgerton, with some otliers, were chosen,
ancl chiefly intrusted to manage this important bu-
siness. Tliis was called *' the millenary petition," as ^
one of a thousand •, though indee<I there wore but
seven hundred and fifty preachers' hands set there-
unto, but those all collected only out of five and
twenty counties. However, for the more rotundity
of the numlKT and grace of the matter, it passeth
for a full thousand ; which, no doubt, the collectors
c See hiH Life, lately net ttet furtb by Samuel Clark [at
fcirth by M. Clark, [in his Liven tbe end of Lin Oeu. Murtyro-
of Tbirty.twu Eiigli>b Divines, l^y* P* 377* ^* f<*l- 1^5'- ^*^*
p. 3^>7.] tbiii petition exenipUlied be-
^ See Mr. Ililderbhunrci Life, low.]
266
The Church HiHwy
BOOK I.
A.D. 1603 of the names, if «o pleased, might easily hare com-
I J HUM'S*
pletcd. I dare not guess what made them derist
before their numtier M'as finished : whether the?
•
thought that these were enough to do the deed«
and moe were rather for ostentation than use; or,
because disheartened by the intervening of the
Hampton Court conference, they thought that these
were oven too many to {K^tition for a denial. It is
left as yet uncertain whether this conference was by
the king's favour graciously tendered, or bj the
mediation of the lords of his council powerfully
procured, or by the bisho{>s (as confident of their
cause) voluntarily profferetl, or by the ministers* im-
]K>rtunity etlectually obtained. Each opinion pre-
tends to prul>ability, but the last most likely ; aniL
by what means soever this conference was com-
{mssed, Hampton Court was the place, the fourteenth
of January the time S and the following names the
{K'rsons which were employed therein":
For Cim/urmtijf.
AfTlitiiftlMi|i of Caiiti^rtiiiry, Whit}(ift.
Hift)io|i (if Ijiiiuldii, lUnrnift.
Durham, Matthew.
— -^ Wiiichr»ti»r, itiltim.
— — Wiinniirr, lbihiiif(t(Mi.
St. IhiVHiX Kiiild.
• ('liirhe»t<T, WaUon.
— ^— ~ ('aHi«W, Riibiiiaiiii.
IS^erlmnNiich, iKvvr.
I Moderaior,
KiKU Jamcs.
Sprctmtorm,
All the lunb of
, tliepri%'youiui-
I ril, whervw
I vnmm at timn
I iDterpiaed a
few warda.
Dr. RemoUt.
Dr.
Mr.
Mr. [
Dran of 'rhe rhapel. [l>r.JMnea <
MountafCue>j
rhmt( hiirrh.lDr.Kavia.]
WiitrvMrr, [Dr. VaU%\ ».
^-^-^ WrvtnnnMrr, Aiidrewcn.
St. Kaiil'*. ChrralL
rlir*irr, Baiiiiw.
--— .Nmh»Uiry, Bri«l|(n.
•^^-^— WiiMlMW 7.
i>r. FirM, 'iii«ii (if (tliMirr*irT/
I >r. Kiiii?, [ At\ hdnMXMiiif NiitUiiKtwni. ; '
Fli
A withdrawing
HMwii witliiu
the privY
chatubcr.
J
ia a
oal.
^r-
CKNT. XVII.
of Britain.
267
To omit all gratulatory preambles, (as necessary a. d. 1603.
when spoken, as needless if now rejieated,) we will
present only the substance of this day's conference,
his majesty thus beginning it :
*^ It is no novel device, but according to the
** example of all Christian princes, for kings to take
** the first course for the establishing of the church,
** both in doctrine and policy •• To this the very
*• heathen related in their proverb, A Jove prin-
cipium^ {)articularly in this land. King Henry
the Eighth, towards the end of his reign, altered
much; king Edward the Sixth more; queen Mary
^ reversed all ; and lastly, queen Elizabeth (of
** famous memory •) settled religion as now it
** standeth.
*' Herein I am happier than they, because they
^ were fain to alter all things they found establislie<l;
** whereas I see yet no such cause to change, as con-
** firm what I find well settled already. For blessed
** be God's gracious goodness **, who hath brought me
««
«4
M
^ [It was at 6r8t apjMniited
on the 1 3th of January, (Tliura.
day.) but aftiTwardM deferretl
by the* king till the 14th. Har-
low, &c., p. 2. Hcylyo's Hist,
of the Prenbyterianji, p, 368.]
» [The account of thin con-
ference waH publitihed by Dr.
Barlow, then dean of Chi»f»ter,
in 1604. It was reprinted in
1638, and again in a collection
of tracts called " The Phoenix."
Svo.]
« [See Wood's Papers, Vol.
II. p. 39.]
7 Though all these deans
were summoned by letterH, and
prcHent in the pre^encc-cham-
i>er ; yet only hve (viz. of the
Chapel, Westminster, Paul's,
Chester, and Salisbury) on the
fiTvX day were called in. [Bar-
low's Sum of the Couf. Ace.
p. 2.]
« [Barlow, ib. p. 3.]
* Note, his majesty never
remembered her but with some
honourable addition. [[Bar-
low.]
^ r*' At which words he put
'* off his hot" Barlow, ib. p.
14a.]
44
44
268 The Church Hutory booi z.
A.I). i6o.v** into the /promised land^ where religion is (miivIt
* '* pmfesHOil, where I sit amongst grave, learned, and
" reverencl men ; not as before, eUewherCn a kinp
*' without state, without honour, without order,
*• where beardless boys wouhl brave us to the
** face.
'' And, I assure you, we have not called this
'^ assembly for any innovation ; for we acknowledgi-
the government ecclesiastical, as now it is, to have
been a|>|>n)ved by manifold blessings from God
himself, both for the increase of the gos|K'U and
with a most happy and glorious {Hmce. Yet, be-
*' cause nothinj^: can be so al>sidutelv ordered but
*' th.it something may be added thereunto, and cor-
** niption in any state (as in the body of man) will
** insensibly grow either through time or |)ersons;
" and because we have received many complaints
** since our first entrance into this kingdom, of many
** disorders and much disobedience to the laws, with
" a great falling away to i>oiH?ry : our purpose then"-
^ fore is like a giMid physician, to examine and try
'* the complaints, and fully to remove the oecasioiHt
** thereof, if scandahnis — cure thenu if dangerous—
** and take knowledge^ of them, if hut frivolous;
*• thereby to cju*t a w)p into C'erbi*rus his nioutli.
*' that he* bark no nion*. For this cause we have
^ calltn] y<m bishops an<l (h'ans in, sevcndly by your-
** Hidvi% not to Im* confn)nte<l by the contrary opfNV
^ neiits, that if any thing should be found meet to
** In' ri*dn>ss(MK it might Ix* done without any visible
•' altcnition.
*' l*arti(*ulariy tli(*n* In* some s|KH*ial |N>intM wheiviu
* I di'sin* to Im* satinfii-^l, and which niav be reduevd
4fc
M
CKNT. XVII. of Britain, S69
•• to three heads: 1, Concerninir the Book of Com- a. d. 1603. ^
^ I James.
*• mon Prayer, and divine service used in the church.
^' 2. Excommunication in ecclesiastical courts. S.
** Tlie providing of fit and able ministers for Ireland.
**' In the Common Prayer Book I require satisfaction
^ about three things :
i. " First, about confirmation ; for the very name < ,.
** thereof, if arguing a confirming of baptism^ as if '•*- ^u*^.
^ this sacrament without it were of no validity, is
plainly blasphemous. For though at the first use
thereof in the church it was thought necessary
that baptized infants, who formerly had answered
** by their patriniy should [be examined] when come
•* to years of discretion, [and] after their profession
** made by themselves, be confirmed with the blessing
** of the bishop, I abhor the abuse [in popery,] where
"* it is made a sacrament and a corroboration to
•* baptism.
ii. '' As for absolution^ I know not how it is used '^
^ in your church, but have heard it likened to the
** j>oi)e's panlons. There be, indeed, [only] two
** kinds thereof from Go<l : one general, all prayers
^ and preaching importing an absolution ; the other
'* imrticular, to S]>ecial parties having committed a
'* scandaU and repenting. Otherwise, where cxcom-
" munication [or i)enancej precedes not, in my judg-
'^ ment there needs no absolution.
iii. ** Private Inipti^m is the third thing wherein I
** would be satisfied in the Common Prayer: if called
** private from the place, I think it agreeable with
** the use of the primitive church ; but if terme<l
'* private that any besides a lawful minister may
*' baptize, I utterly dislike it."' And here his majesty
270 T^Air Church History book i.
A. I).lf>o.^<^*ow Roine\i'hat oamost in his expressions agiiosC
' '^*"^'* the baptizing by women and laics.
2. i. '* In the second head, excommunicatiaiu I
offer two things to be considered of: first, the
matter; secondly, the persons. For the first, I
" would be satisfied whether it be executed, aa it is
complained of to me, in light causes, and that too
commonly, which causeth the undenraluiDg thereof
For the i)er8on9, I would be resolved why chan-
cellors and commissaries, being laymen, should do
it, and not rather the bishops themseWea, or some
minister of gravity and account, deputed by them
^' for the more dignity to so high and weighty a
** censure. As for providing ministers for Ireland, I
'' shall refer it, in the last day*s conference, to a
*• consultation."
Archbishop of Canterbury . — ^Confirmation hath
*' Ihvu used in the catholic church ever since the
^ ai>ostles ; and it is a very untrue suggestion, if
'' any have infonnod your highness that the church
of England holds l^aptism imperfect without it, as
ad<ling to the virtue and strength thereof^."
liishop of London. — '* The authority of confirma*
*^ tion de|HMids not only on antiquity S and the
*^ |>nu*tice of the primitive church, but is an apoato-
^^ lical institution, name<I in express words, Ileb. vi.
** 2 ; and so did Mr. C alvin ex|)ound the very places
*^ i*aniestly wishing the restitution thereof in the
•* n'formcMl churchc>s."
^ He nddreimetl hiinmplf to 131, ed. 1736 ; and Jeroaie ad*
the kill); on hiii knm*. [Wmr- vcnuii Luctferiaii.[IV. pp.a^^,
li>u\ lb. |i. <;.] 295, ed. Ptfit. 1706.]
<* (*itiiig Cvpr. Kp. Ixiiii. p.
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 271
The bishop of Carlisle is said gravely and learn- a. p. 1603.
ediy to have urged the same; and the bishop of^
Durhnm noted something out of St. Matthew for
the imiK)sition of hands on cliildren.
Tlie conclusion was this: for the fuller explana-
tion that we make confirmation neither a sacrament
nor a corroboration thereof, their lordships should
consider whether it might not without alteration
(whereof his majesty was still very wary) be entitled
an examination with a confirmation.
Archbishop of Canterbury. — " As for the point of
^ absolution, (wherein your majesty desires satisfec-
** tion,) it is clear from all abuse or su])erstition, as
** it is used in our church of England, as will appear
*' on the reading both of the Confession and Abso-
" lution following it, in the beginning of the Com-
** munion Book."
Here the king pemsed both, and returned —
His Majesty. — " I like and api>rove them, finding
** it to be very true what you say.**
liishoj) of London. — *' It becometh us to deal
" plainly with your majesty : there is also in the
*' bf)ok a more particular and personal absolution in
" the Visitation of the Sick.**
Here the dean of the Chapel turned unto it and '''**•* J^
read it. omiL
Bishop of London. — " Not only the confessions of
'' Augusta, Boheme, and Saxon, retain and allow it,
** but Mr. Calvin also doth approve both such a
*' grnenil and such a private (for so he terms it)
*' ronfi»ssion and absolution.**
His Majesty. — ** I exceedingly well approve it.
27S The Church History book %.
A.D. 1603. '' Xmng an apostolical and godly ordinance^ gi^en in
I Jmiim»h-
** the nanio of Christ to one that desireth it, upon
'* the ch'arinp: of his conscience.**
The conchision was this : that the bishops should
consult whether unto the rubric of the general abso-
lution, these words, " remission of sins,** might not
Ix* added for explanation sake.
Archhiahop of Canterbury. — " To the point of
'* private baptism, the administration thereof bj
'' women and lay |K'rsons is not allowed in the
** practice of the church, but incpiired of, and cen-
** sured by bishojw in their visitations **."
Ilia Majesty. — '* The words of the book cannot
'* but intend a permission of women and private
" persons to baptize."
fiis/top 0/ Worcester. — ** The doubtful words may
•' Im» pressed to that meaning ; yet the compilers of
*' the tM>ok did not so intend them, as appearetb
** by their contrary practice ; but they pro|>ounded
^* them aml)irruously« l)ecause otherwise, perhaps,
** the txM>k would not then have ]m88ed the par-
•• liament '.*'
liishop of Loudon. — " Those reverend men in-
** tended not by ambi/^uous terms to deceive any,
^* but then^by intemled a |H^nnisHion of private per-
** sons to Kaptize in case of necessity '• This is
•• agnM»able to the practice of the ancient church,
** (A(*t8 ii.) when thn^e thousand being Iwptised in
'* a day, (whi(*h for the ajxHitles alone to do was at
^ [ILirlou. ib. p. 14 ] ' llfri* he pniduoed Um let-
* To tlii^i 1h* ritod the* te». tcm of mum* cif thiwr Am oom-
tiniuny of tilt* arclilitikliop «if pilfn.
York.
CKNT. XVII. of Britain. 273
" the least improbable,) some being neither priests a. 0.^603.
" nor bishops must be presumed employed therein ;-
" and some fathers are of the same opinion.** Here
he spake much and earnestly about the necessity of
baptism.
JIh Afajesfi/, — •• Tliat in the Acts was an act
*• rjiraordinarj/^ and done before a church was set-
•' tied and grounded ; wherefore no sound reasoning
** thence to a church stablished and flourishing.
*' I maintain the necessity of Imptism, and always
** thought the place, John iii. 5, E^rcept one he lH>m
" again of frater^ &c., was meant thereof. It may
'• se<»ni strange to you, my lords, that I think you
*' in Kngland give too much to baptism ; seeing
^* fourteen months ago, in »Scotland, I argued with
'* my divines there for attributing too little unto it :
'* insonuich that a ])ert minister asked me if I
•* thought baptism so necessary, that, if omitted, the
'* child should be damned? I answered, ^No; but
*' if you, called to ba])tize a child, though privately,
" refuse to come, I think you shall be damned.'
'' But this necessity of Imptism I so understand,
** that it is necessary to 1)0 had where it may be
'* lawfully had, that is, ministere<l by lawful minis*
*' ters, by whom alone, and no private i>erson in any
*• <'ase, it may l)e administered; though I utterly dis-
^* like all relmptization, although either women or
** laics have baptized."
liishop of Winchestir. — " To deny private iiersons
'• to liaptize in case of necessity, were to cross all
'* antiquity, and the common practice of the church ;
'* it IxMiig a nile agrt>ed on amongst divines, that the
*' minister is not of the essence of the sacrament."
His Majesty. — " Though he be not of the essence
M'M.KR, vol.. v. T
274 The Church Hiatmy book s.
A.D. 1603." of the sacrament, yet is ho of the esKonce of the
" riffht and lawful niinistr}' thereof, according to
** Christ's commission to his disciples, Go^ prtack
" and baptize », &c."
The result was this: to consult whether in the
"" rubric of private baptism, which leavers it indiirer-
ently to all, these words, " curate or lawful minister,"
may not be inserted.
For the jjoint of cjrommunication^ his majesty
propounded, whether in causes of U*sser moment
the name might not ho aitertMl, and the same con»
sure retainetl. Si»condly, whether in place thenH>f
another coen'ion, ecjuivalent thereunto* might not
be invented •*. Which all sides easily yielded unto,
as long and often desired ^ And so was
The end of the Jirst Daj/^s Conference.
On Monday, Januar\' the 1 6th, thev all mot in
the same ]dace, with all the deans and docton
above mentione<l ; Patrick Gallowav, minister of
Perth in Scotland, adniittcnl also to bo there; and
hojH^ful prince 1 Icury sat on a stool by his father ^.
Tlie king made a pithy sikm^cIi to the same pur-
|»osc which Iw made the first day, diflering only in
the conclusion thereof; InMUg an address to the
four op|K)ser8 of confonnity there pn^sent, whom he
understood " to Im» tlu» most grave, leanu^l, and
" UKHlt^st of the aggrievtMl sort ;" pn>feH8ing himsi^lf
K Mutt, x&viii. 20. *' jcsty, (the late queen,) who
^ [lkirlc»u'. ill. |i. Ky.] " rthiol%'tHl to be still jtmimt
' [** A tiling very easily ** raiicm, and to alter noUuBft
** yieldtnl unto of ull hu\v%, U*- ** which she had once aeCtlcd.'
" caUM* it hiicl Uvn long and llarlou-, |i. 19.]
'* often deiitre«l. hut muld not ^ [liarhiw, ib. p. 21.]
*' be obtained from her mo-
4<
M
4*
U
<4
^
CBNT. XVII. of Britain. 275
ready to hear at large what they could object, and a. d. 1603.
willed them to begin ^.
Dr. Reynolds. — ''All things disliked or questioned
*' may be reduced to these four heads :
i. *' That the doctrine of the church might be
*' preserved in purity, according to God's word."
ii. '' That good pastors might be planted in all
" churches, to preacli the same."
iii. " That the church-goveniment might be sin-
*' cerely ministered, according to Cod's word.**
iv. " That the Book of Common Prayer might
** be fitted to more increase of piety.
** For the first, may your majesty be pleased that
** the Book of Articles of Religion, concluded on
** 1562, may be explained where obscure, enlarged
*' where defective : viz., whereas it is said, (Article
** the 1 6th,) * After we have received the Holy
** Ghost, we may depart from grace,' those words
may be explained vrith this or the like addition :
* yet neither totally nor finally.' To which end it
would do very well if the nine orthodoxal asser-
tions concluded on at Lambeth might be inserted
into the Book of Articles.
Secondly, whereas it is said in the SSrd Article,
* that it is not lawful for any in the congregation
^ to preach before he be lawfully called,' these words
** ought to be altered, because implying one out of
** the congregation may preach, though not lawfully
^* called.
*' Thirdly, in the S5th Article there seemeth a
** contradiction, one passage therein confessing con-
^ [When Dr. Reynolds be. other delegMtes, kneeled down*
gan to speak, he, with the Barlow, ib. p. 23.]
t2
ii
276 The Church Hhiory book s.
A.T>.i6o3.u finnatioii * to be a depraved imitation of the aiM>-
" Sties,' and another gnmnding it on their example.'*
Bishop of London. — ** May your majesty be plcnuied
** that the ancient canon may be rememberwl, Schi*»
** mafici contra episcojH)^ non sunt audiendi ; anil
" there is another diK-ree of a very ancient eounciL
*' * that no man should l)e admitted to 8|)eak against
" that whereunto he hath formerly subscribed.*
" And as for you, doctor Reynolds, and your
sociates, how nmch are ye Iwund to his majestyV
clemency, jiermitting you, contrary to the statute
** primo EUzaheth(P^ so freely to s|H^k against the
'^ liturgy and discipline establisheii. Fain would I
•* know the end vou aim at, and whether vou be
** not of Mr. Cartwright's mind, who affirmed, •that
** we ought in ceremonies rather to conform to the
" Turks than to the papists.' I doubt you approve
** his ]>osition, because hen* ap|)earing before his
*• majesty in TurkiT gowns "', not in your scholastic
** habits, according to the* order of the universities.**
Uh Majesty. — •* My lord bishop, something in
*^ your ]>aK8ion I may excuse, and something I must
•• mislike ". I may excuse you thus far, that I think
•* you have just cause* to 1r* moveil, in respect that
" they traduce the well-setthHl government, and also
•' proceiNl in so indirect a course, contrary to their
•' own pn't4»nce and the intent of this meeting. I
** mislike your sudden interruption of Dr. Heynolds,
•* whom y<m should have suffered to have taken his
'Mibertv; for then* is no onler, nor can be anv
■> [llt>ylyn\ lli%t. «>f thi* in miiih* lioAtp, iatrmipting Dr.
Prf^hytemntt. p. 3^8] Koyiioldii.]
^ [Till* biiJiop IimI ii|M>ki*ii
4«
44
CKNT. XVII. ftf Britain. 277
** effectual issue of disputation, if each party be not a. d. 1603.
" suffered, without chopping, to speak at large.
** Wherefore, either let the doctor proceed, or frame "
** your answer to his motions already made, although
" some of them are very needless."
Bishop of London. — " Upon the first motion con-
cerning falling from grace, may your majesty be
pleased to consider how many in these days neglect
** holiness of life, presuming on persisting in grace
** upon predestination, — ^ If I shall be saved, I shall
** be saved,' — a de8i>erate doctrine, contrary to good
** divinity, wherein we should reason rather ascend'
** endo than descendendoy from our obedience to Grod,
" and love to our neighbour, to our election and
•* predestination. As for the doctrine of the church
*• of Knglan<I touching i)redestination, it is in the
** verj' next paragraph, viz., * We must receive Ciod's
•* promises in such wise as they be generally set
^^ forth to us in holy scripture ; and in our doings
** that will of (iod is to be followed which we have
•' expressly dt*clared unto us in the word of God.* *'
//is Majesty. — " I ap]>rove it verj' well, as con-
** sonant with the jjlace of Paul, Work out your
** salvation with fear and trembling. Yet let it be
** considered of, whether any thing were meet to be
** added for clearing of the doctor's doubt, by put-
•* ting in the word * often,' or the like. Meantime "
^* I wish that the <loctrine of predestination may be
^* tenderly handled, lest on the one side Goal's om-
** nijwtency be questioned by im|)eaching the doc-
*' trine of his eternal pre<lestination ; or on the other
** side a des|)erate presumption arreared, by inferring
•* the necessary certainty of {persisting in grace."
/Jishop of London. — "Tlie second objection of
T 3
«78
Th€ Church History
BOOK X,
4<
iC
A.D. 1603. «« the doctor's is yain, it being the doctrine and
'- ^* practice of the church of England that none bat
** a licensed minister may preach nor administer the
Lord's Supper."
His Majesty. — '^ As for private baptism^ I have
already with the bishops taken order for the
** same."
Then came they to the third point, of confirma--
tion ; and upon the perusal of the words of the
Article, his majesty concluded the pretended con-
tradiction a cavil ^.
Bishop of London. — *' Confirmation is not so much
^ founded on the place in the Acts of the Apostles*
but upon Ileb. vi. 2, which was the opinion (besides
the judgment of the fathers) of Mr. Calvin f and
'' Dr. Fulk ^ ; neither noedeth there any farther
'^ proof, seeing, as I suppose, he that objected this
(«
u
«•
t»
^ [Tlie cavil was upon these
worcU: **That when the Article
" states that these tive, com-
" monly called sacramentH, that
*' is to suy. Continuation, Pe-
" nance, &c. are not to l)e
'* accounted for sacraments of
*' the gos|)el, being such as
" hare grown lurdy of the
corrui>t following of the
a|Mistles," &c. — the Puritans
would hare wrested it to mean
that Confirmation is a depraved
imitation of the a|M)stles. A
miserable shift it must have
been, which could drive men,
professing a dei^irt* of unity
and love, to descend to no
pitiful and dishonest a quibble,
such as this and some others
below.]
P (>n Ileb. vi. 1. [The
words of Calvin are tla*se :
'* Qui erant extrand, non ante
" perveniebant ad Baptismnai,
** quam edita fidei ooofcMMMW.
" In illis ergo catecheaia bap.
*' tismum prvcedere lolebat.
*' At litieri fidelium, qaoniaa
" ab uteru adoptati enuU, cC
" jure promissionis pertinefaaat
*' ad corpus ecclcsic inCuitea
" bajitixabantur: tranncUvcro
'* infuntia, {lostquam institoti
" erant in fide se quoque ad
" cati*cbesim offervbanl* qtur
*' in illis baptismo erat poste>
*' rior; sed aliud symbolan
" tunc adliibebalur, oonpa
** manuum imp.jaitio. Hie uniu
" locus abuude testator hajoa
" cKreuioniK orifinom flnxiase
'* ab a|>o»tolis.**]
M On Acts viti. 17, [in hia
notes on the Rlwintah Tcrta-
nient.]
cKNT.xvii. of Britain, S79
*" holdH not confirmatiou unlawful; but he and his a. D. 1603.
*' |>arty are vexed that the use thereof is not in — ""^
** their own hands, for every pastor to confirm his
** own parish ; for then it would be accounted an
"* apostolical institution, if Dr. Reynolds were pleased
"*' but to s])eak his thoughts therein."
Dr. Jieynolds. — '' Indeed, seeing some diocese of
^ a bisho]) hath therein six hundred parishes ^ it is -
•' a thing very inconvenient to {)ermit confirmation
'" to the bishop alone ; and I suppose it impossible
** that he can take due examination of them all
** which come to be confirmed."
Bishop of London. — *' To the matter of fiact I
^' answer, that bi8ho])s in their visitations a]>point
'' cither tlieir chaplains or some other ministers to
'' examine them which are to be confirmed, and
** lightly confinn none but by the testimony of the
*' parsons and curates where the children are bred
** and brought up.
'^ To the opini(m I answer, that none of all the
^' fathers ever admitted any to confirm but bishops
** alone. Ytm, even St. Jerome himself (otherwise
'* no friend to bishops) confesseth the execution
** tliertH>f was restrained to bishops only •/'
Bishop of Winchealer, — " Dr. lieynolds, I would
'* fain have you, with all your learning, shew wher-
*' ever confirmation was used in ancient times by
** any other but bishops ; these used it partly to
r Here the binhop of Lon- *' Sacerdotia dignitmte pendet.
(Ion thought himseit touched, " cui si non exort qoedam et
lx^c:lUM* alxiut six hundred anil ** ab omnibus emineus detur
nine in his diocese. [Barlow, " jiotestos, tot in ecclesiia effi-
ib. p. 33.] " cientur schismatm quot saoer-
• " Ecclesia solus in sunimi " doti>s."[Adv.Lucifer.p.295.]
t4
5e8(> Tht Church History booe x.
A. I). 1603.'' examine children, and, after examination, by im*
I Jainn. .. jH)8ltion of liands (the Jewish ceremony of bh
44
44
44
k4
44
44
44
44
44
44
ing) to bless and pray over them ; and partly to
try whether they had been baptized in the right
*' form or no. For in former ages some baptiz€?d (as
they ought) in the name of the Father, Son, and
Holy Ghost ; some (as the Arians) in the name
of the Father as the greater, and the Son as the
less ; some in the name of the Father by the Sou,
in the Holy Ghost ; some not in the name of the
Trinity, but only in the death of Christ. Where-
u|M)n catholic bishops were constrained to examine
•* them who were baptized in retnofis, eoncemiug
** their baptism : if right, to confirm them ; if amia,
•* to instruct them.**
l/is Majesty. — " I dissent from the judgment of
^ St. Jerome, in his assertion that bisho|is are not
" of divine ordination.*'
Bishop of London. — " Unless 1 could prove my
^ onlination lawful out of the scriptures, I would
** not be a bishop four hours longer.**
His Majesty. — " I approve the calling and use of
^ bishops in the church, and it is my aphorism, * No
^ bishop, no king ;* nor intend I to take confirmation
^ frf>ni the liishops, which they have so long enjoyed:
^ seeing as great reason that none should confirm
** as that none should preach witliout the bishop*s
" license. But let it Ik» referred whether the word
'* euaniination ought not to be mIdiHl to the rubric
^^ in the title of Confirmation in the Communion
^ l)<M>k. And now, Dr. lU^ynolds, you may pro->
•• ccihI.**
Ihr. liei/nfktds. — ** I protest I meant not to gall
** any man, (though I {lerceive some took pertooal
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 281
•* exceptions at my words,) and desire the imputation A. D.^603.
** of schism may not be charged upon me *. To pro-—
'* ceed on the 37th Article, wherein are these words,
'* ' Tlie bishop of Rome hath no authority in this
•* hind : These are not sufficient, unless it were
'* added, ' nor ought to have any.* "
His Majesty — " Ilabemus jure^ quod habemtis ; and
'^ therefore, inasmuch as it is said he hath not, it is
" plain enough that he ought not to have.**
Here passed some pleasant discourse betwixt the
king and lords about puritans, till, returning to
seriousness, there began the
Bishop 0/ London. — ** May it please your majesty
" to rt»member the speech of the French ambassador,
^* monsieur Uosny ", upon the view of our solemn
^ siTvice and cen?niony, viz. * that if the reformed
*• churches in France had kept the same order, there
•* would have Ix^en thousands of protestants more
•• tlian there are.' *'
Dr. Reynolds. — " It were well if this proposition
*' might ho added to the Book of Articles : * Tlie
•• intention of the minister is not of the essence of
•• the sacrament ;' the rather, because some in Eng«
"*' land have preached it to be essential. And here
*' again I could desire that the nine orthmloxal
*' assertions concluded at Lambeth may be generally
" receiveil.*^
< It HOL>mH the biMliop of dently alludes to the exprewion
Ij^mdon. jeiilouH that he was of the hinhop of London above,
reflected on. (ajt is aforeMiid,) p. 276: " SchUmalici contra
called the di>ctor schiHinatic. " eptMcttpoM non sunt audi'
[It setMnH no such thin^, as the " rndi.'*]
reader may see by referring to " [I)e Kosny. the ct*lebnited
the conferen(*(». oh published at 8ully.]
length ; for Dr. Reynolds evi-
ii
44
4k
44
44
S8S Th€ Church HUtory mwe i.
A. 0.1603. m^ Majesty. — ^ I utterly dislike the fint pvt of
'*'*'"**' *' your niotiou, thinking it unfit to thrust into the
'^ Book of Articles every position negatiYe, which
** would swell the book into a volume as big as the
*' Bible, and confound the reader \ Thus one Mr.
Craig in Scotland (with his ' I renounce and abhor/
his multiplied detestations and abrenunciations) so
amazed simple people, that, not able to conceive
all these things, they fell back to pofieTy, or
remained in their former ignorance. If bound to
this fonn, the confession of my faith must be in
my table-book, not in my head.
'* But because you speak of intention, I will apply
'* it thus : if you come hither with a good intention
*' to Ih) informeil, the whole work will sort to the
" bottiT effect ; but if your intention be to go as
^* you came, whatsoever shall be said, it will prove
'* the intention is very material and essential to the
" end of this present action.
'' As for the nine asscTtions you S|)eak of, I can-
'' not suddenly answer, not knowing what thoee pro-
" jHisitioiiH of LamlK'th lx\"
liishnp of London. — '* May it please your miyeaty,
**• this was the occasion of thi^ni : bv reason of tome
^* controversirs arising in Cambridge about certain
** |N>ints of divinity, my lonrs gnu*e assembled some
*' divines of sperial note to set down their opinions*
'* Mhirh tli<*v dn*w into nine A^siTtiuns, and so sent
'* tlH*m to tlir univc*rsity for the* np|>easing of those
'* <piarn'ls.''
//m .!/#//# >///. — " W'lu'n such qui^stions arise
** amongst .srhnlars. th<* f|uiete>t proci*edings were to
■ [llnrliiu, ib. \u 38.]
4<
iKNT. XVII. ofBritaiH. 288
*' determine them in the university, and not to stuff a. d. 1603.
^ the Book of Articles with all conclusions theo- J.-!!!!!!!l-
logical.
Secondly, the better course would be to punish
** the broachers of false doctrine, than to multiply
^ Articles, which, if never so many, cannot prevent
** the contrary opinions of men till they be heard."
Dean of PauVs. — " May it please your majesty,
^ I am nearly concerned in this matter, by reason
*• of a controversy betwixt me and some other in ^
*• Cambridge, ui)on a i)roposition which I there deli-
** vered ; namely, that whosoever (though before
''justified) did commit any grievous sin, as adultery,
*' murdcT, &c., do become ipso facto subject to God's
** wrath, and guilty of damnation, quimd preeaetitem
atatumy until they repent. Yet, so that those who
are justified according to the puri>08e of God's
election, (though tliey might fall into grievous
" sin, and thereby into the present estate of dam-
'' nation,) never totally nor finally fall from justifi-
*' cation, but are in time renewed by Gml's spirit
*' unto a lively faith and rei>entance. Against this
^* doctrine some did oppose, teaching that {lersons
'' once truly justified, though falling into grievous
'* sins, remained still in the state of justification,
" before they actually repenteil of these sins; yea,
" and though they never reiHjnted of them, through
•' forgetfulness or sudden death, they nevertheless
•' were justified and saved."
His Majesty, — " I dislike this doctrine, there being
'* a necessity of conjoining re|)entance and holiness
'' of life with true faith ; and tliat is hypocrisy, and
'* not justifying faith, whicli is severed from them.
*' For although ])redestination and election depend
44
44
44
M
»•
AC
884 The Church History looE x.
A. I) ir>o.v'<not on any qualities, actions, or works of mao
— '* which are mutable, but on (iIo<r8 etenial decree,
•' yet such is the necessity of rei)entance after known
'* sins committed, that without it no reconciliation
•• with Ciod, or remission of sins.**
Ih. liej/nolds, — ^** The Catechism in the Common
** Prayer llook is too brief, and that by Mr. Nowell
^ (late dean of Paul's) too long for novices to learn
*' by heart. I nnmest, therefore, that one uuiform
** Catechism may be made, and none other generally
•* received r."
His Afajf'sh/. — " I think the doctor*8 request very
^' reasonable, yet so that the Catechism may be made
in the fewest and plainest affirmative terms that
may l>e, — not like the many iguorant Catechisms
in Scotland, set out by every one who was the
** son of a giHxl man ; insomuch that what
" Catechism doctrine in one congregation,
*• scarcely rweived as oHIkmIox in another. And
•' hen»in I would have two nik»s ol)servwl : first,
"* that curious and deep (piestions I>e avoided in the
fundamental instruction of a |>eople ; secondly,
that there should not l>e so general a de|iarturc
** from the papists, that ever}' thing shimld be ac-
•' countcMl an ern)r wherein we agree with them.**
/>r. Rt\i/fnJds. — ''(irtMit is the profanation of the
^ sablmth-^lay, and contempt <»f yimr miycsty's pro-
** claniation, whic*h I eanu^stly desire may be nv
" f«>nned.*'
This motion found an unanimous consent.
/>r. Itri/ntJt/%. — •• May your majtnsty be pleased
'* that the Bible Ikt new translated, such as aie
y [JUrlow. ib. p. 43.]
44
<4
TKNT. XVII. f^f' Britain. 285
"extant not answering the original." And he in- a. o. 1603.
staiiced in three particulars :
1 Jamei.
In thf Oriyinal. /// TranxltUed.
Cv;il. iv 23. trwrroixfi Bcirderetli.
pHaliii cv. 28. They were not disobedient. They were not
ol>edient.
P&alin cvi. 30. Phinehos executed judgnieut. Phinehas prayed.
Bishop of London. — " If every nian*s humour
** might be followed, there would be no end of
** translating.''
His Majesty. — " I j)rofess I could never yet see a
'' Itible well translatiNl in English ; but I think that
*• of all, that of (ieneva is the worst. I wish some
^ special pains were taken for an unifonn trans-
'• lation ; which should be done by the best learned V
** in both universities, then revieweil by the bishops,
" presente<l to the privy council, lastly ratified by
'• royal authority to l>e rea<l in the whole church,
'• and no other."
Bishop of London. — " But it is fit that no mar-
*• ginal notes should be added thereunto."
His Majesty. — ''Tliat caveat is well put in; for
^ in the CSeneva translation scmie notes are |>artial,
•' untrue, sc*ditious, and savouring of traitorous con-
*' ceits : as when, from Kxodus i. 19* disobedience to
*' kings is allowed in a marginal note ; and, S Chron. ^
'* XV. 16, king Asa taxed in the note for only de]K)8-
'* iiig his mother for idolatry, and not killing her.
" To conclude this jKiint, let errors in matters of
'* faith Ik' amended, and indiflerent things bo iiiter-
'' preted, and a gloss added unto them ; for, as Bar-
'* tolus de Hegno saith, ' Better a king with some
'* weakness, than still a change ;* so rather a church
S86 The Church HiHory book \.
D. 1603. '« witli 8onic fault8, than an innovation. And saivlv,
" if these were the greatest matters that grieved
'* you, I need not have been troubled with such
•* importunate eomplainta."
Dr. Reynolds. — " May it please your majesty that
'^ ** unlawful and seditious lK>oks be suppressed : such
*^ as Ficlerus, a papist^ de jure mngistrntus in shA*
*• ditox *, applied against the late queen for the
•* ])ope •."
Bishop of London. — " There is no such licentious
divulging of those books ; and none have lil)erty,
by authority, to buy them, except such as Dr.
** Reynolds, who was supposed would confute them.
** And if such l>ooks come into the realm by secrvt
** conveyances, perfect notice cannot bo had of their
** im|K>rtation. Itesides, Ficlems was a great dis-
'* ciplinarian ; whereby it ap|K>ars what advantage
** that sort gave unto the papists, who, mutatis per*
** sonisy apply their own arguments against princes
** of their n^ligion ; though, for my {tart, I dctesi
*' both the author and applier alike."
y//*' Lord Cecil. — •• Indee<l the unlimited libertv
of dis)>ersing popish and seditious |iamphlet« in
Paul's Churchyani, and both the universitiea* hath
done much mischief; but es]H}cially one called
•• Sf}9*euhnH Traffienm.''
His Majesty. — ^^ That is a dangerous book indeed.**
I4*>rd II. Iloteard.^-** Both for matter and inten-
*• tion."
I^>rd Chani-ellor. — ** Of such bookii» some are
> [Juhan. llu|iii»u Fickler. 8vo. Sm CaI. BiblioUi. Tignr.
ui dc juit* niuKutnitiiuiii in V. a6i, cd. 1809. lamo,]
•ulMiilm fl officio Huliditoruiii * [IWlow, ib. P.4S.]
CffgA Ruicittnitnt. Ingolat.1578,
CENT. XVII.
f if Britain,
287
** Latin, some are English; but tho last dispersed a. n. 1603.
•• do most hami.*'
Secretary Cecil. — " But my lord of London, and
*^ no man else, bath done what he could to suppress
** them."
Ilh Majestj/. — " Dr. Reynolds, you are a better
** coUepe-man than a statesman, if meaning to tax
** the bishop of London for sufTering those books
•' bt^tween the secular priests and Jesuits to Iw pub-
" lished, which he did by warrant from the council,
** to nourish a schism betwixt them."
Lord CeciL — *' Such books were tolerated, because
*' by them the title of Spain was confuted."
Ijtprd Treasurer. — '* And because therein it ap-
** jH^ars, by the testimony of the priests themselves,
^' that no papists are ])ut to death for conscience
*• only, but for treason."
Ih, Reynolds. — " Indeed I meant not such books
*• as were printed in England, but only such as came
** from beyond the seas**. And now, to procetnl to
•* the second general point, concerning the planting --
*' of learned ministers, I desire they be in every
" parish "^.^
His Majesty. — *' I have consulted with my bishops
*> [Barlow, ib. p. 51.]
^ [" It is come to that pasH
now." said the hiithop, *' that
tM>nie M»rt of men thouglit it
the only dutjr re<|uired of a
niiniHter to K|>end the time
in ti^eaking out of a pulpit,
sometimes ((lod wot) very
undiscreetly and unleamed-
ly ; and this unth so great
injury and prejudice to the
" celebration of di\'ine service,
" that some miniKters would
t(
f 1
«4
• <
• «
««
«*
• «
" be content to walk in the
" churchyard till sermon-time,
" rather than to be present at
•• public prayer." This irre-
verential practice among the
nonccmfomiists was carried to
great lengths, unth a view to
bring the Common Prayer into
disrepute. It is frequently
mentioned in the writings of
the puritans of that time, as a
matter of commendation rather
than otherwise.]
S88
The Church History
•OOE X.
A.I). 1^)03.
' alH>iit it, uliom I have found willinp: and ready
• lH'rt»in ; luit, as suhitn rrarttafio is perirulosa^ so
' su/fiifi mfttatio : it cannot prcsontly ho |>orfonne«K
• till* univrrsitit^ not aiVording them ; and yet they
• attitrd incic learnrd men than the reahn doth
• maintenance, whidi must ho first provided. In
• the mean time, ijni^nmt ministers, if young, are
• to ]m» removed, if there be no hope of amendment :
• if old, tlieir death must l)c ex)x*cte<l, Ijccausc Jeni-
^ salem cannot be built up in a day.*"
liishnp of Winchestn'. — '• I^ay patrons most cause
• the insufficiency of the clerji^y, presenting mean
• clerks to their curias, the law admitting of such
• sufficiency ; and if the bishop refusetli them, pns
' sently a Qaarr impcdit is sent out against him.**
liiahop of' Lnndon. — ** Because this, I see, is a
^ time of moving |H.*titions, may I humbly present
** two or three to your majesty : first, that there
** may be amongst us a praying nn'nistry ; it being
'* now come to pass, that men think it is the only
** fluty of ministers to s|)end their time in the pulpit.
*• I confess, in a church newly to be planted, preach-
** ing is most necessary ; not so in one long esta-
" bljshcd, that prayer shoulil Ik» neglected^.**
His Majt'sti/. — •' I like your moticm exceetling
** well, and dislike tlu* hvpocrisv of our time, who
*' place all their n*ligion in the ear; whilst prayer
•' w» rcHpiisite and acceptable if duly |>erfonn€?d, in
** accountcfl and us4.n1 as the hmst part of religion.**
//m///;// of' /^om/nn. — " Mv wK'ond motion Is, that
*^ until learned m<*n may l»e plantinl in every eon-
•• grt^gation, godly homilies may be n*ad therein."
' Thi» liv niKikc kiiii*liiig.
cKKT, XVII. of Britain. 289
Hi^ Majesty. — " I approve your motion, especially -A- 1>- »<^o3
" where the living is not sufficient for the mainte-
•* nance of a learned preacher. Also, where there
** bo multitudes of sermons, there I would have
** homilies read divers times."
Here the king asked the assent of the plaintiffs,
and they confi^sed it.
'• A preaching ministry is best ; but where it may
*' not bo had, godly prayers and exhortations do
'• much good."
Lifrd Chancellor'^. — " Livings rather want learned
** men, than learned men livings ; many in the uni-
*' versities pining for want of places. I wish, there-
*• fore, some may have single coats, [one living,]
" l)efore others have doublets, [pluralities.] And
'* this method I have observed in bestowing the
-* king's benefices."
lihhop of London. — " I commend your honourable
'* care that way ; but a doublet is necessary in cold
*' weather."
Lord Chancellor. — '* I dislike not the liberty of
'• our church in granting to one man two benefices,
'* but sj>eak out of mini* own purpose and practice,
** grounded on the aforesaid reason."
UUltop of London. — " My last motion is, that
*• |»ulpits may not l>e made pasquils, wherein every
-* disoontentiMl fellow may traduce his superiors."
His Majesty. — •* 1 ac<'ept what you offer, for tlie
'* pulpit is no place of personal reproof Let them
" complain to me, if injured."
liishop of London. — " If your miyesty shall leave
" yourself open to admit of all complaints, your
** Kjrerton l«»nl Kllenniere.
KCM.KR, V(»|.. \. i;
S90 The Church Iluttfiry book x.
^^y^'^^-^" hiplmcfls shall never be quiet, nor your under-
«• oflirors ropfarded, whom every delin(|uent« when
•' censured, will threaten to complain of
/lis MajrsUf. — *' I mean they shall complain to
** me bv decrees : first to the ortlinar^', from him to
'* the archbishop, from him to the lords of the conn-
** cil ; and if in all these no remedy be found, then
*• to mvself."
,N l>r. Reynolds, — " I come now to subscription ', a««
^ a great impeachment to a learne<l ministry, and
** therefore entreat it may not In* exact eil as hen*-
•
" tofon* ; for which many good men are kept out,
'' though otherwisi' willing to subscril>e to the sta-
" tutes of the realm, articles of religion, and the
" king*s supn^macy. The n»ason of their backward-
'* ness to subscril)e is, lKH*ause the Common Praver
•
•' enjfdneth the Apocrypha books to be read in the
** chundi, although some chapters theriMn contain
" manifest errors n.*pugnant to scripture. For in-
** stance, (KccUis. xlviii. 1()«) Kli.is in ]>erson is said
•' to come iK'fore Christ ; contrarv to what is in the
" Nc*w Testament ^ of l^lias in resemblance, that is
*' John the Baptist/'
Jtishuff nf L*mihm, — '• Most of the objection4
•' against tlii»sf books are the <dd cavils of the Jem-s^
" n-newcd liv St. Jerome, who first calle<l them
** Ap«»crypha ** ; which opinion, u|M)n Rufinua his
'* challenge, he, after a sort, discdaimed/*
' fn.irlii\v, i)». |i 5H.] This cHximi to iirp* it.
rfiiicrriii-«1 thi* fiiiirth ^M.or.il c .Matt. &i. 14 ; Luke i. 17.
Iii*ui1. vie. till* l'iiiiimiiiii(»ii '' [tariff, in lib. Repum rC
liiMik, u<i III* tiriit |inip(njiifl«*fl in Pniv. Sftlnm Ilookrr. K. P.
it ; liiiui'iiT. hiTi* lit* t(Mik (M*- %-. io. {. 8. Kord in Art VI.]
4<
it
44
c KNT. XVII. of Britain. 991
Bishop of Winchester. — " Indeed St. Jerome saith, a. d. 1603.
** Canonici sunt ad informandos moreSy non ad con- 1.
" firmandam fidemr
His Majesty. — " To take an even order ' betwixt
^* both, I would not have all canonical books read in
the church, [unless there were one to interpret,] ^
nor any chapter out of the Apocrypha wherein any
*' error is contained ; wherefore let Dr. Reynolds
note those chapters in the Apocrypha books
wherein those offences are, and bring them to the
" archbishop of Canterbury against Wednesday next.
" And now, doctor, proceed."
Dr. Reynolds. — " The next scruple against sub-
** scription is, because it is twice set down in the
" Common Prayer Book, ' Jesus said to his dis-
'* ciples ;' when, by the text in the original, it is
*' plain that he spake to the Pharisees."
His Majesty. — " Let the word * disciples' be omit-
** ted, and the words 'Jesus said' be printed in a
•^ different letter."
Mr. Knetrstub. — " I take exceptions at the cross ^
*' in ba])ti8m, whereat the weak brethren are offended,
*• contrarj' to the counsel of the apostle, Rom. xiv.
- SCor.viii.i"
His Majesty. — '• Distingue tempora, et concordabunt
" sn-iptura. Great the difference betwixt those
'* timers and ours : then, a church not fully settled ;
'* now, ours long established. How long will such
' \'iz. in the dominical gos. gatories in baptism, becauae he
pels. spake so perplexedly that his
i [Barlow, ib. p 65.] Here meaning is not to be collected
we omit Mr. Knewstub his therein,
exception against the interro-
ua
i«
M
44
C4
S92 7%t' Church Hiniory rook x.
A. D. 1603. " brethren be weak ? Are not forty-five yean suffi-
' *^**' ** cient for them to jfrow strong in ? Besidea, wlio
v} '* pretends tliis weakness ? We rcquiro not !««l>-
8cription9 of InicH and idiots, but of pn^arhi^rs
•• and ministers, who are not still, I trow, to bo fi-d
with milk, being enabled to feed others. Sonic
of them are strong enough, if not headstrong:
coneeiving themselves able enough to teach him
who last spake for them, and all the bisho|)6 in
** the land.*"
Mr. Knexrsinh, — " It is questionable whether the
** church hatl) power to institute an outwani signi*
** ficant sign."
liLshop of London. — ** Tlie cross in baptism is not
** usihI «>therwiso than a ceremonv/'
Bishop of Winrhvstn'. — *• Kneeling, lifting up of
*' the hands, kn«H*king of the breast, are significant
*' ceremonies, and thest* niav lawfully be used,"
/>/Y/w of the Chapil. — *' Tlie Habbins write that
'* the Jews a<ldcd both si;;:iis and wonls at the iwti-
** tution <»f thi' Passovi'r; viz. when thev ate sour
" herbs, thev siiid, * Take and eat theso in remeni-
*' branre,' &:c, : when thev drank wine, thev said.
** ' Drink this in rrnnMubrance/ &c. l'|Km which
^' addition and tradition, our Saviour instituted the
** Kacninn*nt of his hist Sup|>er ; thereby approving a
** chun*h may institute and retain a sign ngnificant.*"
His Mttjeaty. — ** I am exceiMling well satisfied in
** this point, but would In> acipiainted about the
•* anti(|uit)' of tin- usr of tlu* cn»ss.*'
/>r. /if[t/NfJf/.s, — •• It hath Ihtu uschI ever sinee
'* the apostles* tinn* ; but the cpiestion iit, how ancient
** the UM* there<if hath been in baptism.'*
TKNT. xvii. of Britain, 29S
/kan of Westminster. — " It appears out of Ter-A.D. 1603.
" tullian, Cyprian, and Origen, that it was used in '—
** immortali lavacro ^,^^
liihhap of Winchester. — " In Constantino's time
*' it was used in baptism."
His M({)esty. — " If so, I see no reason but that we
" niav continue it."
Mr. Knetcstub. — " Put the case the church hath
** |M»wor to add sij^nificant signs, it may not add
'' them where Christ hath already ordained them ; ^
** whicli is as derogatory to Clirist's institution as if
" one shouki add to the great seal of England."
His Mnjestff. — '* The case is not alike, seeing the
'* saenmient is fully finished before any mention of
*' \\w cross is made therein."
Mr. Knrwstub. — '* If the church hath such a
'* power, the greatest scruple is, how far the ordi-
*• nance of the church bindeth, without impeaching
*' Christian liberty."
y//.v Majestnf, — " I will not argue that point with
- you, but answer as kings in ])arliament, Le toy
• s'nrist'rn. This is like Mr. John Black, a beard-
• leKs boy, who told me the last conference in Scot-
' land ^ that he would hold conformity with bis
• majesty in matters of doctrine, but every man
' for ceremonies wjis to be left to his own lil>erty.
• IJut I will have none of that; I will have one
' <loctrine, one disi*ipline, one religion, in substance
' and in ceremony. Never B|K*ak more to tliat
• point, how far you are bound to oliey."
Dr. Rnfuolds. — ** Would that the cross (being
'• superstitiously abused in i)oi>ery) were abandcmed,
^ [Quoted at length in Hooker, £. P. v. 65, §. 8.]
December, 1 6o3 .
r 3
2U4 The Chuixh llntory fttM^ft \.
.\.i» i«<«i. **iiji th«* l»ruzrii ii«*r|N'iit wa^ iitJUii|M*«l tti |M>«cIfr M
'• Ili*K<*kiaj*, luTaii*!' nl>UM*(l to iihilatnr/'
His Mttj*\ty. — *' Inu>iiiurli a** tin* rnnM %ia» ftlMi««^l
*' to «*ii|H*n«titi«*ii ill tiiiir nf |M*|H*rT. it dutli pUinU
** iiiiplv tlint it \i:i.« Ufll ii<mi| lK*fi>n*. I tl<*C«-«t thf :r
** ronrv^ wlm |N-n-iii|it(inl\ ili^llow of all thiii/^
** wliirli lia\r Ini'Ii ntuiMHl in |Mi|N'rT. ainl kiMW aoC
** lioH to aii**wrr till* iiliii-i*tiiiii% tif x\w papi^tn whf-ci
** tlirv rliarjn* iih witli nu\rltii-«i, tmt hv t«*lliii^ th«-ni
** wi* D'taiii tilt* |iriiiiiti\i* iim* nf tiling aii«l ••niv
" forvak** tlirir iii»\fl riirni|itiiiii*. S-omill*. n«»
'* n'^^'iiiMaiHN* lN't\%i\t tli«* l>Ri/4*ti <N>r|ifiit la niat*^
** rial. %i<«iMr tiling') an*! tin* «i;;ii of tli«* tpma, ni^h*
** ill tilt* air. Tliinll). |ia|>i<it<i. a« I am iiifi»mi«<«!.
'• <liil iir\fr a^M-riU* :iii\ «|iiritiial jfni*''* ^*» ^^^** m**%
** ill >»:i|iti«in. I«:i«tl%. material rnt«M«^, t«i which
** |iiii|i]i* fi'll (Inuii 111 tiiiii* of |Mi|M*n, (a» thf* iil«4^
** tniti^ Jru* to till* hnufii ««*r|H-tit.) an* aln*miiv
•• <lriniili<ihi*il. a* ^<mi ilt-^in'."
Mr. Knnr%fuh. — •• I tak** rx«'«'|»tiiiii at thf Wfmnnx
** of th«* «*iir|>lir«'. a kitiil «*f c^niiiMit u^«il hy tbr
'• prii-M* of Ni^i *,*
//m .l/'f/'*/// -** I «h«l iii»t think, till of Uti\ It
** lia<l lii*«-ii lMirr«iut'«| fn»iii tin* hi-atlifn. iM^miM*^
•• riiiniii«»iil\ ralli**! 'l rnq **f f"9f»rry. Sf«-in^ IHiv
'* i»r InipIit fii»t ii|Min li<-athf*fis iH*itht*r an* aiiy r4
** thi'iii (*i»ii\rp^ifi( uitli or r«iiiinionuit afnoii|n4 ua.
*' tlii*n'h;h to U* i-oiitiniii'«l in |*atfnni«tii, — I ««^ r^«
** n*a*M>ti hut. for ronirliiH'^^ <iki'. it iiiaT hi* coci-
" tlllUf'I. '
/>r /f*9/ifJ*{* — •• I taki* iAri-iitioii at thr«» «ii»nk
'* III tlif riiarrKi.:*-. * With ifi% limit I tht^t* «i^-
44
M
44
4(
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 295
His Alajesty. — " I was made believe the ph rase a. d. 1603.
** imported no less than divine adoration, but find it
an usual English term, as when we say, * A gen-
tleman of worship ;' and it agreeth with the scrip-
tures, ffiving honour to the wife. As for you. Dr.
Reynolds, many men speak of Robin Hood, who ^
*' never shot in his bow. If you had a good wife
•* yourself, you would think all worship and honour
•* vou could do her were well bestowed on her °."
Dean of Sarum. — " Some take exception at the
*• ring in marriage."
I>r. Reynolds. — " I approve it well enough."
///A Majesty, — ** I was married with a ring, and
•• think others scarce well married without it."
Dr. Reynolds. — " Some take exceptions at the
** Churching of Women, by the name of purifica-
** tion."
His Majesty. — "I allow it very well : women,
" l>eing loth of themselves to come to church, I
*' like this or any other occasion to draw them
*' thither."
Dr. Reynolds. — ** My last exception is against
•* committing ecclesiastical censures to lay-chancel-
•* lors ; the rather, because it was ordered, anno
"1571, that lay-chancellors, in matters of correc-
** tion, and, anno [1584 and] 1589> in matters of
'* instance, should not excommunicate any, but be
'• done only by them who had i>ower of the keys;
•' though the contrarj' is commonly practised ®."
His Majesty. — " I have conferred with my bishops
** aix»ut this point, and such order shall be taken
o Thitt tlie king 8|Mike siniliiig. ^ [Barlow, ib p 77.]
U4
ftlfi
Tftr ( hurrh Huiory
»iK>t 1
1 J ill 1
••
••
••
••
••
»•
••
••
tli<-n-iii n*« i<i rf»ii\i'iiii*iit. Mi-nii linit*. ifvi «>n !••
M»?||i- otlnT IlinttfT. "
//i". //• '/'"»^''v " I «lf«iiri' that, luviirtlin^f lo rrf.
tnifi pr*i^ irit'i.il riiit**iitiif inn**, tin* rlfrjv riiav ha^-
fiii'i'tifi/*. 1 \i r\ tlin-i* wi»«k«i*.
i. ■' rir>»t. ill niril •h-anfn«-'^ tht-nMii !•• hai«< |»n-
|»lit-oMii:.'. a- ari'lilii«lMi|i (iriiitl:!!! &ihI nthrr l»t«li«>|M
•l«'*in'i| ••! liiT l:il«' in:iii-*ti.
a
ii •• rr.iT ••Mtli tl.il/- :i- ri»iiM liiit Iw H'^illt'*!
Mil tlit-r*'. ii!:jl:* if n It rri •! u* tin* hri*li'ii-»rMtt. •
\ i*:r:i!i' 1:-.
M-l.i«p xM'fi I ■» |'p'«li\i' r\ -I. .ill •:• ti nn:!i' •,!• L
jMiiii* * Im fur. :i, r ijt-i-jiliil.
ti*r\. It :ijii»tli ;i'> ui !l with infii:iri*l.% a** (i««i ai '4
tin- ihMl. "I !.' Ij .1.''.. ;i? •! I'lii. .ifjfl N\ :Il. Eli-i
Mii'k. oh.'ill ?!.••! :i'i'i I'l ri«iiri* iim- ..ijiI iih i^i'iirir:!
rhi-n'fnri- I r-ifi riT.- tii\ l»iniii r *|h • rh, /<• m«v • *t:-
•»/■»; >t:i\. I |«f;i*.fiir • :i.- **%.?i ^^ ar*. U-ff-n* f••^
• |i?i::i:i'l . ;i? I '! • ■ . :♦ \"M I ! I Ui*- ;:r'i\* |'«;r*f arrf
Int. I 111 I* |- f! :.r • h* .irk !: ii'.t'i ^i-ii. f' r xl.\'
j.iXi rnirii I:' \* ii k-'j- M.f i:i Kr- iri-. r*:;.! jt\«- n *•
u..?'-. tii'.ii/l I •! -.'A •.[■••nk •• ••Til I: nt!* r Ti*«»r .
•m.!!.. .*h.i' t.'.' i.f . • r. I •;' :l ^kiii> '\, h- t Ih
Ik *i.'l-!*. ^ ; I ■.»• • '!• ■. «.|' .k« •! \ttr nil •'.rin-isi-
:i' * ■.1 !' 1* ■»» • *■'.* k'."W \«iu aii%, hi'H- if
'*«'.» !i' :> . ■* '-ii III- • T f !i. : r. ■** ::f J •*• mnifi •
/' /i'- ft - '"• ' I kii*«^« !!•.:.••
// • \t ' '*** ' \\ \ \ th. II. I uill (■ [| loit a tAi«
I "
I «
li
- r
- ^
4(
«<
it
4<
cKST. XVII. ofBrilain, 297
** After that the religion restored by king Edward a. p. 1603.
** the Sixth was soon overthro\ni by queen Mary —
** here in England, wo in Scotland felt the effect
of it ; for thiTcupon Mr. Knox writes to the queen
regent, a virtuous and moderate lady, telling her
that she was the supremo head of the church ;
and charged her, as she would answer it at God's
tribunal, to take care of Christ his evangil, in
suppressing the popish prelates, who withstood
'* the same. lUit how long, trow you, did this con-
*' tinuo ? F^ven till, by her authority, the popish
•* bisho|)s were repressed ; and Knox, with his ad-
** horents, being brought in, made strong enough.
** Then began they to make small account of her
'* supremacy ; when, according to that more light
** wherewith they were illuminated, they made a
" farther reformation of religion. IIow tliey used
" the poor lady, my mother, is not unknown ; and
how they dealt with me in my minority. I thus
ai>j)ly it. -My lords, the bishops, I may thank you
'* that tliese men plead thus for my supremacy *>. -
" Tlioy think they cannot make their party good
•* against you, but by ap}>ealing unto it ; but if once
'* vou were out, and thev in, I know what would
•* lM»<'ome c)f my stipn^macry ; for no hishojt^ no king.
'* I have leanuMl of what cut they have been, who,
** pn»aching before me since my coming into Kng-
** laiul, pas«»(Ml over with silence my Innng supreme
•* governor in caus<»s ecclesiastical. Well, doctor,
" have you any thing else to say r*
Dr. RnfwJds, — " No more, if it please your ma-
** jestv.'^
'i Thih hi* said putting liin hiuid U> hi« hat.
4«
kft
S98 Tlhe Church Hhiory booi i.
. 1603. His Afajesty. — ** If this be all your ]tarty hath to
^^ say, I v;\\\ make them conform themselves, or else
'' I will ham' them out of the land, or else do
lUM*^.
■■>*
'• worse."
Thus ended the second daif*s Confemice ; and the
third fM'ffan on the Wednesday fidlowing^ manj§
kniffhts^ cirilians^ and di^tors of the law being
admitted thereunto^ beeanse the Ififfh Commission was
the principal matter in debate.
His Majesty. — "I understand that the parties
*' named in the high commission are too many and
'* ti>o mean, and the matters they deal with base,
'* such as ordinaries at home in their courts might
*• censure* ^**
Archbishop of Canterbury. — ** It is requisite their
*" numlxT should he many ; otherwise I should be
'* forced oftentimes to sit aIone» if, in the absence
^* of the lords of the council, bishops and judges at
'* law, some deans and doctors* were not put into
'' that ctmmiission, whose attendance I might com-
*' mand with the mon* authority. I have often
'* complained of the meanness of matters handled
'* thtT(*in, hut cannot remedy it ; for though the
*' otlrncf 1m' small, that the ordinary may, the
** (dlcnder oft times is so gn>at and contumacious,
*' that the ordinary dare not punish him, and so is
fonvd to cravt' help at the hi^li commission.**
A nameless Lord^. — '*Tlie pniccedings in that
court an* like the S]>anish inquisition, wherein
** m<*n an* ur^i*d to sul>s<*rilM> more than law re-
'* <|uin*th, and by the oath ex officio forced to
r [IWIour, ill. |i. H5.]
* I dare not gucM hiui, for ftHtf of IkiUiig.
«»
««
ft4
*«
cKNT. XVII. of' Britain. 299
*• accuse themselves ; being examined ui>on twenty a. d. 1603.
•* or twenty-four Articles on a sudden, without
^^ delil>eration, and for the most part against them-
'* selves."
In proof hereof he produced a letter of an andeut
honourable counsellor, anno 1584, verifying this usage
to two ministers in Cambridgeshire.
ArchhUhop of Canterbury. — "Your lordship is
" deceived in the manner of proceeding ; for, if the
** Article touch the party for life, liberty, or scandal,
^ he may refuse to answer. I can say nothing to
the particulars of the letter, because twenty years
since, yet doubt not but at leisure to give your
** lordship satisfaction.**
Lord Chancellor. — " There is necessity and use of
*• the oath e.v officio^ in divers courts and causes *.**
His Majesty. — *' Indeed civil proceedings only
'* punish facts ; but it is requisite that fame and ^
*' scandals be looked unto in courts ecclesiastical,
*' and yet great moderation is to be used therein.
i. " In (jrariorihtis criminihm.
ii. " In such whereof there is a public fame,
•• <-aused by the inordinate demeanour of the of-
•' fender."
And here he soundly described the oath ex officio^
ff»r the ground thereof, the wisdom of the law
therein, the manner of proceeding thereby, and pro-
fitable eflfect from the same.
Archhuhop of Canterbury. — "Undoubtedly your
'' majesty speaks by the s|>ecial assistance of God's
Spirit.'
«» w:.v;.^f "
^ [Barlow, ib. p. 9a.] Here ixed into the speech of tevend
we omit a discourse about sub- fieraons.
M-ription, because oot method-
Mi) The Church Husfon/ book x.
A. 1). 160.1. Bishop of Loudon. — " I protest my heart melteth
J.J!!!!!!!!L " witli joy, that Alinifrhty (i(ul, of his singular mercy,
'* hath jTiYi'ii lis such a kinp:, as, since Christ's time,
" th(» liki» liath not hreii "."
Tiicn passi'<l thoro much discourse la'tween tlic
king, the bishops, an<l the h>nls, about the quaUtj
of the |K'rsons. and causes in the high commission;
notifying exconnnunications in nmtters of k*ss mo-
ment : punishing recusants ; pnividing divines for
iRdand, Wales, and the northern Inmlers. After-
wanls the four jireachers were called in, and such
altenitions in tin? liturgy were read unto them which
the bi^hops, by tlie king's advice, had made ; and to
wliich, bv their >il('nce. thev seenu'd to constant.
Ills Mfijrjift/, — " 1 see thi» exceptions against the
*' Coinmimion Itook an* mattf^rs of weakni^ss; thenc
'• fore, if the persons rehi(*tant be discreet, ther will
" be Won betimi^s. and by goo<l persuasions; if in-
" discreet, bett(»r ihev were rt»movc<l, for bv their
'* factions many are driven to Ik? papists. From
" you. Dr. IJeynobIs, an<l your associates, I ox|»ect
" olMMlicnce and humility, (th(> marks of lioni*st and
*' goiid men.) and that you would |H'rsuade others
'• abroad bv v«mr oxam|»U\"
/h\ /it'f/iitjtts, — " \\\» here do pn»mis4' to |)eifomi
•' all duiirs to bish«»ps as reven*nd fathers, and to
'*join with them nirainst the common ad%*entfUT fur
•• tin* i[\\\i'\ of th«' cliiirch."
A/i\ ( 'hmlrrftt/t, — •• I n^quest thi* wearing of the
'* «>urpii('i' and the cto^s in bapti*«m may not bo urjced
'• on HoiMf godl\ mini^trrs in i Lancashire. ft*aring, if
** fnived unto tht*m. many won by their preaching
" 'I'hih 111- !*}Mki' III! hib kiiei*.
<«
44
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 801
" of the j^ospel will revolt to poi)ery ; and I parti-A. n. i6o.^
cularly instance in the vicar of Ratsdale *.** "'""*' .
Archbuhop of Canterbury, — " You could not have
light upon a worse ; for not many years ago, as
*' my lord chancellor knows y, it was proved before
*• me that by his unreverent usage of the eucharist
** (dealing the bread out of a basket, every man
*• putting in his hand and taking out a piece) he
*• made many loathe the conimuniony and refuse to
** come to church."
JliJi Majrsff/. — " It is not my puri>ose, and I dare
•* say it is not the bi8hoi)s' intent, presently and out
** of hand to enforce these things, without fatherly
*• admonitions, conferences, and persuasions, pre-
•* mise<l ; but I wish it were examined whether such
** Lancashire ministers, by their pains and preaching,
" have converted any from poi>er}', and withal be
** men of honest life and quiet conversation. If so,
** let letters l>e written to the bishop of Chester'
*' (who is a grave and good man) to that puri>ose,
•' that some favour may be attbrded unto them ; and
'' let the lord ar<*hbishop write the letters."
liiahop of London, — ** If this l)e grante<l, the copy ^
** of these letters will fly all over PiUgland, and then
*• all nonconfonnists will make the like request ; and
*' so no fruit follow of this conference, but things f^
" Mill l)e worse than they were l>efore. I desire,
*• therefore, a time may Ik? limited, within the com-
*• pass whereof they shall conform."
His Majesty, — '' I assent thereunto ; and let the
'• bishop of the diocese set down the time."
« [B-.irlow, ih. i». 99.] TIiiH averriM! the swine.
lie Kp.ikc kneeling. * This wok Richard V^itijihan.
y Who, \h\\\)1 there present, nftemards biKhop (if London.
S02 The Chnrch Hixtory mmw i.
A. n. \foy Mr. Knetrstuh. — "I reiiuest the like favour of
*""**> '* forlwarance to some honest niinisterR in St
'' for it will make much against their credits in the
'* country to be now forced to the surplice, and cnw
" in ba])tisni *."
A rchhishop of Canterhnry [was answering.]
His Majvshf, — " Nay, sir, let me alone to answer
'* him. Sir, you shew yourself an uncharitable man.
*' We have here taken pains, and, in the end. hare
'' concluded on unity and uniformity ; and tou« fer-
*' Hooth, nnist prefer the cri»dit8 of a few private
" men before the peace of the church. Tliis is jurt
'' the Si-otch argument, when any thing was con-
'^ eluded which disliked some humours. Let them
'' either conform themselves shortly, or they shall
'• hear of it."
Lord (Wit, — "The indecency of ambuling com-
'* munions is verv otrensive, and hath dri%*en manv
•* from the church."
Hi shop of'Lo)iftoti, — "And, Mr.Chaderton, I could
" tell you of sitting coninninions in Emanuel Col-
" lege."
Mr. ( *hfnlrrton. — " It is sf), In^cause of the scats so
'' placi*d as tlu'v Im^ ; and yet we have some kneeling
'• also in our clia|K»l/'
His Mnjt'.sft/, — •• No more hereof for the preseoU
" siH*ing they have jointly pnmiise<I hereafter to be
" (piiet and cdii'dient.*'
Whereat he ntsi* up to depart into an inner
chamlNT.
Itishop iff' LuHf/on. — ** (ifMrs goodncnw In* blessed
" fur your majesty, and give health and pms|H*ritT to
* Men* 111* !V*11 «liiiwi mi liin knet^.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
SOS
"your highness, your gracious queen, the young-A-^'^»o.v
" prince, and all the royal issue."
Thus ended the three days' conference, wherein The gwi*-
how discreetly the king carried himself, posterity or um a>iu
(out of the reach of flattery) is the most competent*''*"**^
judge, such matters being most truly discerned at
distanced It is generally said, that herein he went*-?
above himself; that the bishop of London appeared
even with himself; and Dr. Reynolds fell much
l>eneath himsc^lf. Others observed that arclibishop
Whitgift spake most gravely; Bancroft, when out
of passion, most iK)liticly; Bilson most learnedly;
— and, of the divines, Mr. Reynolds most largely;
Knewstub most affect ionatelv ; Chaderton most
sparingly. In this scene, only Dr. Si)arks was Kw<pov
nrpoa-funrov^ making use of his hearing, not speech ;
converted, it seems, to the truth of what was
spoken, and soon after setting forth a treatise of
unity and unifonnity.
But the nonconformists complained that the kingi-henon-
S4»nt for their divines, not to have their soruplesJJJJjJ^^,]*
«^ti^ti(Ml, but his pleasure propounded; not that he
^ [Sir John Ilarriii^on meii-
tionn thin conference in his
Nujxn* Antiqnv, I. i8i, (ed.
1804.) but giveK no very com-
niendable account of the king's
orat4»ry ; who, it Heem^, wan
not always very select in hiH
]anpi:ip*. Set* the lant Si»ct.
of thi.srei^n. J)r. JanieH Moun-
tapie. in a hotter of the Mime
cl:ite to hi.H mother, has also
gi\*en a hrief account (»f it.
Winwo4Nl. II. 1^. From hift
letters as well as from John-
son'k History, it should seem
that the puritan diTines who
assisted at the confen*nce were
satisfied with its results. Hce
Johnson, n. 380. The king's
own opinion of his achieve-
ments <»n this occasion may be
Het*n in his letters, Strype's
Whitgift, App. p. 339. See
also the new edition of Dodd's
('hurch Hist€>ry, with the notc*s,
vol. IV. p. 21.]
:M)I
'i'*f I An#i/j ii:*t'*iu
»•«>■ 1
I J.
T»-
•I.. !
i'<^-. iiiiirht knou \\li:it tlii\ nuil'l «aiv, Itiit tli«-v «)ial I.--
\\niili| «!•» ill tlif iiiHtti r. ik^hli-^, ii'i witfi'lt-r i^
l>r. I{i-\iiMM*i :i liTfli" l«»-t liiin^'lt'. wliii-«« • %i-^ *tn
nnrtlv ilij/zlitl \Mtli !lif li^liT i»r tli'- krij*« inr.r.^ri
|iarfl\ •!;iti!iTi>l \\\'\\ tin* Inn? itf hi* <!••]•!• rv».r
OtlnT'* riim|i|;ini tVit tl.i- fniif'tp ii«'«' i* jirirtial!* •• '
fiirtli %*\\\\ \\\ I >r. Ilail'tw. ilf.iri n?" ("l.^^t'T. t!»« '•
lifiitVo^fil ;i«|\ir*';ir^ , !•» tin- ::n':i! •!i"<iiU:ir.tAj'- •■''
tlii-ir iltviiii-. All'! \^I.'U l!i«' l-r:i« Ii'«- ;:•• il^jviTi •■.
ill!" IMiili-tiMi-* !•» \\\\* * :ill x\\*'\T ir"!: T««.I-. • <• u • .
iliT It* tl:»-% *•• r ;i «.!.kr|i •!.'•■ •«ii tlii ir ••«!.. :\rj'! a
hliiiit iMM' tin T't'ir •iniiii* " \*« :i|"»ii«i
\r-*. Tin- •••Miti'r n«i- |«ri»«!"s ■> ! ^urii" .»!'• n*."*:* in !!.•
r. r iiturj\ \N ■■Li* ■ * I .'•• / • «•!* :!/.:.•*, '••rTiitr'i
fri<j«i* iif. In F'-.i?' ! I'-r'-:*!'!* :. ; in tl;« r*.' ::•• "f a**-
MiliiM"!!. T' Pi!*-.-'; •<! *:• ^ M -•■r'««! . r..ii!iniiA*»"r.
liTiii' •! aN'i :iii I \:itii:<: '.!i>*ii «<t rliil'ln'ij : aipI ^triii
uoril- ;i!ii r« '1 in flu- i|».!?ii' 'i-.il ^•'■*|»» !*•. m :?li a n^-
l!l!rMi, f'..r :i i;. \i tr:i' •'.i* ■• ••! ?!.•■ I'*:**!" . Mi"
wlpf'.i* r v * !:•::■ ■ t'l-; i.':,*»I- mI. ?}it'r !*••
iii.r'li ul'T' i. '■■! : ' \i ■! ■: t* i- *«.iMi **;?•:.•
Ilf I..*. '\ .';|i . '...■ . ' ; ■■ \ I !...-*. i-l. •!.■ k • J •
jil''.'M.' ' • ■!! i! .r I \ ■'".'• V :• -I'M.*!* w *•
I !••■»* • ■ .1- "^ ■! ' '• ! II' ■ ' r ,t \ I. .. * • '"ir •"•
III • '•■!!:. '\ \'- •• • ■.• ■-• •: ■ ir *' :\ • r \.a\\i ^
tin p . ;.■ i - . \\ \» !. ■ '^ • u J.- • t ' • .r •■«:,. :. .
i-litiri'li
\N • I. »^' !i'r:i.i i\\ j!i *•!•■ lilt ?i'j..'i it|" tJjt \|jl!f r; i-
nil- P' tr "1. ?"r iCf r-'rin if !-.ii. wl.ii'Ji aUi»i! t*.i%:in:.
w.i* * !• n.:.!\ J r« *■ • •• I ?■• !.:• ?":if. *• \ ji: •! *»!.:•■*
Ill r« ■» I . ^ ■ ' • !\ i \ ■ |- •?:• •!
CENT. XVII. of Britain, 305
^ The humble Petition of the Ministers of the Church ^^^^ ^^s*
of England^ desiring Reformation of certain
Ceremonies and Abuses oftlie Church^.
" To the most Christian and excellent prince, our
gracious and dread sovereign James, by the grace
of God, &c., we, the ministers of the church of
England that desire reformation, wish a long,
prosperous, and happy reign over us in this life,
and in the next everlasting salvation.
" Most gracious and dread sovereign, seeing it
hath pleased the Divine Majesty, to the great
comfort of all good Christians, to advance your
highness, according to your just title, to the peace-
able government of this church and commonwealth
of England : We, the ministers of the gospel in
this land, neither as factious men affecting a popu-
lar parity in the church, nor as schismatics aiming
at the dissolution of the state ecclesiastical, but as
the faithful servants of Christ and loyal subjects
to your majesty, desiring and longing for the re-
dress of divers abuses of the church, could do no
less, in our obedience to God, service to your
majesty, love to his church, than acquaint your
princely majesty with our particular griefs ; for, as
your princely pen writeth, * The king, as a good
physician, must first know what peccant humours
his patient naturally is most subject unto, before
he can begin his cure^.' And, although divers of
t [Presented 4th April, 1604. tish Museum, p. 27.]
Dated Jan. 14, 1603. Kennet's d [BA2. AOPON, p. 159. In
MS. of this reign, in the Bri- king James's Workn, ed. 1616.]
FITI.r.ER, VOL. v. X
/
306 The Ohurch History book x.
A.D. iro3." us that sue for reformation have formerly, in
""^^ ** respect of the times, subscribed to the book, (some
" upon protestation, some upon expositions given
** them, some with condition,) rather than the church
^ should have lx*en deprived of their labour and
** ministry ; yet now we, to the number of pnne than
" a thomnnd • of your majesty's subjects and niinisu
^ ters, all planing as under a common burden of
^ human rites and ceremonies, do with one joint
*' consent humble ourselvi»s at your niiyesty*8 feet,
^ to be ease<l and relieved in this l)ehalf. Our
*' humblo suit then unto your majesty is, that them
** offences foUowinpf, some may be removed, tome
amended, some qualified.
I. " In the church service. — Tliat the cro88 in Imp-
** tism, interrogatories ministered to infants, con-
'' firmation, as sui)erfluous may Ix^ taken away.
** Baptism not to be ministered by women, and so
*' explained. The cap and suridice not urged. That
*^ examination may go before the communion; that
** it be ministereil with a sermon. That divers tenns
*' of priests, and aI)solution, and some other used,
*' with the ring in marriage, and other such-like in
** the l>ook, may be corrected. The longaomeuets
*^ of M*rvicc¥ abridgiHl. Church songs and music
*' moderat4Ml to bi*ttrr edification. Tliat the LordV
** day Ik* not profan^nl. The rest u]>on holy days
** not so strictly urgiMl. Tliat there may be an
** uniformity of doctrine pn»scrilxMl. No popish
** opinion to In> any mon^ taught or defende«l. Ni>
* [llitu iiH-ii witli Ml iiiiirli iiiitorifiu^ a falndwoil m thm,
prufeviion cm be guilty of jmi i^ inJi^tHl »ur|Nrising.]
CRNT. XVII. of Britain, SOI
" ministers charged to teach their |)eople to bow at a. 0.1603.
" the name of Jesus. Tliat the canonical scriptures
** only be read in the church.
II. " Concerning church ministers. — That none
*'*' hereafter be admitted into the ministry but able
^^ and sufficient men, and those to preach diligently,
and esjKJcially upon the Lord's day. That such
as 1h3 already entered, and cannot preach, may
*' either be removed, and some charitable course
" taken with them for their relief; or else to be
** forced, according to the value of their livings, to
^' maintain preachers. That non-residency be not
*' permitted. That king Edward's statute, for the
" lawfulness of ministers' marriage, ho revived. That
** ministers l)e not urged to sul>scribe, but, according
^' to the law, to the Articles of Ileligion and the
** king's supremacy only.
III. " For church li rings mid maintenance. — ^That
*^ bishops leave their commendams ; some holding
prebends, some parsonages, some vicarages, with
their bishoprics. That double-beneficed men be
not suifered to hold, some two, some three bene-
fices with cure; and some two, three, or four
dignities besides. That impropriations, annexed to
bishoprics and colleges, be demised only to the
*" preachers' incumbents for the old rent. That the
'* impropriations of laymen's fee may be charged
" with a sixth or seventh |mrt of the worth, to tlio
** maintenance of the preaching minister. «
IV. ^'^ For church discipline. — Tliat the discipline
*' an<I excommunicatitm mav l>e administeriMl accord-
^' ing to Christ's own institution; or at the* h':ist,
** tliat enormities may Ix^ redressed : as namely, that
*' excommunication come not forth under the name
x2
308 The Churrh History took x.
if»o>" of lay i)orsoiis, cliancollors, oflicials &c. That men
- *-**Ik» not oxroninmiiiratcMl for triHi-H and twelvi*-
" penny matters. Tliait none Ix? excommuniratiMl
•* witliont eonwnt of liis pastor. That the oftiron*
" he not sutten*il to extort unreasonahh* Rx*8. TTiat
*• none, having jurisdietion or repsters* places, pnt
** out the same to farm. That divers {lopish canons
•* (as for restraint of marri.ifl^e at certain times) lie
** riM'ersed. That the longsomeness of suits in eccle-
•* siastical courts (which \\\\\\^ sometime two, thn^e,
** four, five, six, or S4»ven years) may lie rwtraine<l.
*' That the oath t\r offirin^ wlierc»by men are fome«l
•' to aceu«4e themselves, he more sparinffly used.
^^ That li<*enses for marriajrc") without banns asked,
'' Ik* more cautiously grantcMl.
*' Tliese, with such oth(»r abuses yet n^maining and
'^ pnictiscMl in the church of Kn^rland, we an^ able to
*' shew not to lx» apfreeable to the wriptuifs, if it
** shall |»k»ase your hi<rhness farther to h<»ar us, or
** more at larjjt» by writin«r to lie infomiiNl, or by
•• confen»iHH» anion^ the h*anied to Ik* n^solveil. And
** v«'t we doubt not but that, without anv farthiT
" pHMM'HS, your majesty (of whose* Christian judjniHMit
" we iiavc H'criviMl so jtimmI a t:iste already) is aWe
- of yourself !<» jud«;«» i»f the e<piity of this cansi*.
" (lod, w«' tru*«t, hath appointrd ycmr hij^hnesR our
•• ph\sirian li» hral thes(» dista»i(*s. And wo sav,
•' with Morde«'ai to Hester. H7/« knoweth frktiher
" i/oit fin- ruNit' tn ihr kinqttoM for sfich ft time ^
** Thus \iiur nuijrsty ^hall do that which we an*
'* persnadi*il *«hall be am^ptabli* to (icmI, lionour*
" al»h* to your niajiMy in all succeedinjif afrcik pnw
*' titable to his church, (whieh shall Ik* thereby in-
** cn*a*M*d.) eomfortable to your ministers, (which
TENT. XVII. of Britain. 809
** shall be no more suspended, silenced, disgraced, a. d. 1603.
** imprisoned for men's traditions,) and prejudicial
" to none, but to those that seek their own quiet»
** credit, and profit in the world. Thus, with all
** dutifiil submission, referring ourselves to your ma-
** jcsty's pleasure for your gracious answer, as God
** shall direct you, we most humbly recommend your
** highness to the Divine Majesty ; whom we be-
** seech, for Christ his sake, to dispose your royal
^ heart to do herein what shall be to bis glory, the
** good of his church, and your endless comfort
4(
**
4*
Your Majesty's most humble Subjects,
'' The Ministers of the Gospel,
that desire not a disorderly innovation, but a due
luid godly reformation ^"
25. Tliis calm and still, but deep petition i^, being The fa
of this pcd-
tioo*
^ [Printed (410, 1603) as it " fectionisjinperfectionemiiul-
u'liH presented on the 4th of " lam tolerare possnmus aut
April, in the follou-ing answer " in coqx>re aut in menu
uf the university of Oxford : " bris ecclesiae : tunc diabolum
*• The Anxtrcrc of the Vice^ *' nos tumefacere superbia au-
•• Chanccliour J he Doctors jH)ih *' perbia et hypocriai seducere,
*' the Proctors, and other the '• moneamur. ' Calvin adv,
•* Heads of Houses in the Anabapt. art. 2. At Oxford:
" I 'nirersity of Oxford, (agree- Printed bf Joieph Barnes,
" able, undoubtedit/, to the joint Printer to the Unit^ersiiy. 1603.
*' and uniform opinion of all 4to.]
*• the Deans and Chapters, and % [These words probably are
" all other the learned and ofte- an allusion to the Keply of the
** dient Clergy of the Church (if University of Oxford, which
^ England,) to the humble Pe- thus characterises that petition
*' tit ion of the Ministers of the in its £pist« Ded. prenxed to
•* Church of England, desiring its answer: " H'hich we may
** Reformat um of certain Cere- ** well resemble unto still'run*
*' monies and Abuses of the ** ning streams, which are deep-
•• Church, • Beware of the ** est there where they seem to
*' concision.' Phil. iii. a." " be most co/im."]
*' Cum sub specie studii per.
xS
SIO The Church HUtory moe x.
A.D. ir>o3.(a8 is aforesaid) presented to the king, it was given
'*'*"^' out that his majesty lent it a favourable ear ; that
sonic great ones about him gave it a consentiog
entertainment; that some potent strangers (I under-
stand of the Scottish nation) had undertaken the
conduct and managing tliereof. Whether indeed it
was so, God knows, or whether these things were
made to make the {K^ople ; the van pretending a
victory, that the rear might follow the more com-
fortably. Sure it is this |>etition ran the gauntlet
throughout all the prelatieal party, every one giving
it a lash, some with their |>eus, moe with their
tongues ; and the dumb ministers, as they term
them, found their s|H»ech most vocal against it. The
universities (and justly) found themselves much ag*
grieved, that the |K>titioners should proportion n
seventh part only out of an impropriation in a lay-
man's fee ; whilst those belonging to colleges and
cathedrals should be demise<l to the vicars at the
old rent, without fine, without improvement : where-
as si*liolars, being child n*n of the prophets, counted
themselves miwit pn»|)er for church revenues ; and
this motion, if etRx'ted, would cut off more than the
nippU^s of the bn»asts of l>oth universities, in point
of maintenance.
Uni*rr»i. og CauibridiTe ^ tlicn»foro l)eiran, and nas»ed n
nrtiM ' grace in tlirir con^rn'gation ', that whosoever in their
university hhduld, by wonl <»r writing, opjHMe the
rect*iv(Ml dnctriiK* and dis<*ipliiie of Kngland, or any
|mrt tli(*nM)f, sIkmiM i\tso farto Im* suspi^nded from
their furnitT and fxr hided fnmi all future degrees*^.
'* [L'K%truii^i*'B Alliaiiiv (if terj, |i. 367.]
Ui\ iii«> ( Irtiivm \c. p. 3 ). I ley- * [9th Juno, 1603.]
lyn'k llitetury cif the Prtfuby* ^ [Thit placH it ptthlithMl
thm>ii.
ENT. XVII. of Britain. 811
Oxford followed, (recoin|)ensing the slowness of her a. 0.1604
jiace with the firmness of her footing,) making ft ^ ""^
strong and sharp confutation of the jietition. But
indeed king James made the most real refutation
thereof, not resenting it (whatsoever is pretended)
according to the desires and liopes (not to say the
reports) of such who presented it; and after his
ouyesty had discountenanced it, some hotspurs of
the opposite party Ix'gan to maintain (many copies
(hereof being scattered into vulgar hands) that now
the property thereof was altered from a petition into
% libel, and such papers defamatory of the present
{OTemment punishable by the statute prima JSlizO'
beika.
Under favour, I conceive this petition, by usoUiot
lately exemplified, the projier millenary petition. ^Sm
Dtherwise I obser\'e that millenary petition is vojf
Tquivoca^ and attributed to all jietitions with nume-
rous and indefinite subscriptions, which were started
this year concerning church reformation. Many
there were of this kind, moving for more or less
iltcration, as the promoters of them stood affected.
For all men*s desires will then be of the same size,
when their bodies shall be of the same stature. Of
^hese, one most remarkable required a subscription
in manner as foUoweth :
** We, whose* nanu*s are underwritten, do agree to
* make our humble petition to the king*s majesty,
* that the present state of the church may \re
* farther refonned in all things needful, according
* to the rule of (iod s holy word, and agreeable to
II the orijciiiml, in the Reply of the Uiiivenuty of Oxford,
Spitt. Ded.]
X 4
812
The Church UUtory
BOOE X.
.1604/' the exampio of other reformed churches, which
"****" ** liave restored lioth the doctrine and discipline, u
'^ it was delivered by our Saviour Christ and hia
** holy apostles.*"
Two things are remarkable therein: first, that
this was no present petition, but a preparative thenv
unto, which in due time might have proved one, if
meeting with pro|>ortionable encouragement ; se-
condly, that it went farther than the former, as not
being for the KaOaifktv. but for the aip€tv — not for the
)>aring, pruning, and purging, but for the extirpating
and abolishing of bisho|>s, and conforming church
govenmient to fortMgn presbytery. Whether the
subscribers to this |>etition were, for the main, a
recruit of new persons, or a resumption of those
who under^'rit the fonner, I dare not define. Pro-
Iiably many, sensible that before they were petition-
iMiund, enlarges! themselves now in their additional
desires; for such who ask no more than what they
would have, commonly receive less than what they
ask, MH.*ing petitions of this nature are seldom
gnuitnl in full latitude, without some abatement.
Tlu»y allowi^l, therefon*, some over-measure in their
re<|uests, that, tlit* suq>lusage l>eing defiUk€^d, the
remainder might in some manner give them satia-
fa<*tion ^
' [III thtf lU'plv of tliL* I'lii-
viTitity <if Oxfiiril it U Htutfd.
** lI(iulH*it UH Itiiig an it iiumkhI
'ill nriiati* {m:. lliiii |H>titioii)
** iiiiiitT till* luiiir of A |i.irtit'ii-
** lur motion iiiuil«* to lii*k nui^t
" ekivlK'iit iii4Jii«ty. ut* laid
" our liuiidH u|M»ii our iiiouthnp
** and with duo it*verviict* rx-
" |itfctcd in ftilvuoe the wise
" reMilutiuii of hit religicMi
" htmrt. But theie men, ■»
" thfv lux* imptttient oi deby.
** or c'Im* to gain cnsdit wiib
'* tho |K*«»|d(*, on whom thvy
*' ^ri*iitly do rely, noon after
** M*iid forth into all qiiaitm
'* of the realm itorv oi
*' pretended |ietitMMia,
*' panied with nidi Itwd, Uh^
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
818
Sure I am the prelatical party complained that, to a.d. 1604.
swell a number, the nonconformists did not choose, ^
but scrape subscribers; not to speak of the ubiqui-deniingin
tariness of some hands, the same being always ^P^||^
present at all petitions. Indeed to the first only
ministers were admitted, but to the latter brood of
petitions no hand which had five fingers was refused.
Insomuch that master George (since lord) Goring,
who then knew little and cared less for church
government, (as unable to govern himself, being
then, fifty years since, rather a youth than a man —
a boy than a youth,) set his hand thereunto, in the
right, I believe, of his mother, a good lady much
addicted to that party; and king James would in
merriment make sport with him, to know what
reasons moved him at that age to this subscription ™.
But emragh of these petitioners : perchance we shall
hear more of them the next parliament.
««
«4
M
44
M
44
44
44
4*
• 4
««
ۥ
M
««
««
t§
4«
«<
4*
»*
and absurd suggestions, as if
our noble king had leut their
motion a favourable ear, and
given it some kind of con.
senting entertainment ; as if
in all this thej had done no.
thing whereunto they were
not animated and encouraged
by some of special credit
with his highness ; as if some
busy.headed strangers had
undertaken their cause ....
This course R. H. did make
us think, that now they had
altered the nature of that
foresaid schedule, and of an
entitled petition to H. M.
had made it a covert kind of
libel ; whereby securely, as
they thought, they might de-
prive ana slander not only
the Communion Book, but
the whole estate of the church
*'.... which undue and dis-
*' honest practice having so
'* chansed the quality of their
" petition, whether it hath
*' brought the contrivers and
" preferers of it within the
" com|)ass of that stat. 1 Elis.
" and made them liable to the
" penalties of the same, we
" take not upon us to deter-
" mine. Howbeit hereof we
" could not but take notice :
" that, by their impunity, divers
" others very lewdly affected
" have, in divers parts of the
" kingdom, presumed to trou.
" ble il. M. and tax the sUte
" with the like clamorous libels
" and defamatory supplica-
*' tions." Epist. bed.]
B [8ee t^e Reply of the
University of Oxford. Epirt.
Ded.]
SECT. II.
M A T T ri K W G I L L Y E,
ESQ.
Soloiium taitk. Ami thoro ia a friend that u noMvr thui a
brother >. AW, tkwt^ I hat>» nad tmamy wrilen em tif
t^-rt, ifoitr praetift it th hetl eomtrnfnt, irAjeA hatk Morf
trulif rxpoundtut it nnto tmt. Ace^ tiit, iJitnfan, at tkt
return of tkt tkanh of ymr rtipeetJiU frimd^.
AUSRIjKSS ji-alousies attend old age.
^\| I HK H|)|H-an< In- arcli1>iBhop Whitgift, who
A I i>ii(k><l liifl lift', avconling to bis own
■-" ' dttiin'. tliiit lit- niigbt not lire to are
tlir iHirliniiu'iit: iM'ing more scanKl than
hurl, v» rcariii;; s«>iik' ftniiifri' o|i|M>Hition therein, and
■ Prur. sriir. 14. Pak-mtine : " MrnUiM Gilljf
*> [An tijualhr honmt uhI " rrrr ftmerom tt {^mad In*
liinirty cuDilnvnifalinii iif tbi* " am/Jta) paratkimmo tm IVmL
Iiutniii'ii giKHlnrM in fiivcii liy " tkamnti. FnUritmi ma*
''ulkr in fail l*iiK>)> tUfi^t of " pmttmibmi flmrta agm «&»•
CENT. XVII. The Church History of Britain.
815
an as^ult of unconformists on church diBcipline, a. d. 1604.
fiercer than his age-feebled body should be able to
resist ^. Bom he was of ancient parentage, at Great
Grimsby in Lincohishire **, bred in Cambridge, ad-
mitte<l in Queen's College % removed scholar to
Pembroke Hall, (where Mr. Bradford was his tutor,)
translatcnl fellow to Peter House ^ returned master
to Pembn)ke» thence advanced master of Trinity
College**; successively parson of Teversham*, pre-
bend of Ely ^ dean of Lincoln \ bishop of Worces-
ter™; where the queen forgave him his first-fruits
— a rare gift for her, who was so good an housewife
of her revenues. Yea, she constantly called him
her little black husband ; which favour nothing
elated his gravity, carrying himself as one uncon*
cenied in all worldly honour. He survived the
queen not a full year, getting his bane by going in a
cold morning by barge to Fulham, there to consult
with the bishops about managing their matters in
the ensuing parliament ; and no wonder if those few
sparks of natural heat were quickly quenched with
•* tingant tales," II. 96. In
the Worthies, also, he men-
tions him again as possessing
the manor of the parish of
Little Oaklev. near Harwich,
(I. 494,) which it seems he
held by right of his wife ; and
Vft, Htratige to say. no trace of
him or hin family occurs either
in the to|)ographical or genea-
logical hiKtories of the county
of Khs**x.]
^ See the Preface to Hamp-
ton Oourt C'onference, [where
Harlow sjiys of him, then re-
cently dead, " A man happy in
'* hin life and death, lored of
" the best while he lived, and
" heard of Ood for his decemae;
" moat earnestly desiring, not
" many days before he waa
*' stroken, that he might not
" yet live to see this parlia-
" ment, as near as it was.*']
«i [A.D. 1530.]
e [A. D. 1 549-;
^ [A. D. 1555.]
f [April 21, 1567.]
h [July 4. «5^>7J
> [A.D. 1571.]
k [A. D.I 568.}
' [A. D. 1573O
« [A.D. 1576.]
316
The Church Hiitwy
BOOE X.
A.I). 1604. a small cold in him, who was then above seventy-
'- two years of age ". lie died of the palsy, one of the
worthiest men that ever tlie English hierarchy did
enjoy °.
Mr. 2. But a modem writer, in his voluminous book ^
tiMiftiiririic against the practices of English prelates, bitterly
aeixw^l inveigheth against him, whom he termeth a |x>ntifi-
cal (meaneth he imganish, or jnipish ?) bishop, anil
chargeth him with many misdemeanours. Give me
leave a little, without bittemcKs, both to pass my
censure on his book^ and make this archbishop his
just defence against his calumniation. First, in
general, behold the complexion of his whole book,
and it is black and swarthy in the uncharitable sub-
ject and title thereof: *' An Historical Collecticm of
*' the several execrable Treasons, Conspiracies* Ke-
'' bc*llions, Seditions, State Schisms, Contumacies,
*" A nti -monarchical Practices, and Oppressions of
'' English Prelates,*" &c. Thus he weeds men's Utos,
and makes use only, to their disgrace, of their in-
» [StryjHf'iiWhitgift, p. 577]
^ [Accunliii^ u> nir (tiMir^e
Paul. " liiM nuijettty, lieing much
*' troubliHl with the ri*|Kirt of
*' the archhiskhfip'ii HicknpKitp
** cuiie u|Hm thi* Tuintdiiy fcil-
** hiu'iiiir t(i vi«iit uiul comfort
** him, with vm* kind ami p*:!-
** cioUH N|KVi-lii*n. unyinfT. ' thai
** kr truuitl br.i him of Gud in
•• hispniyrr; trkich if hf cvuld
** itfttaim, hr skituM think it imr
•• ttfthc firratfit trmfMtnii hiess'
" imf^M that amid hr pirrm him
** IN thtj kiMgdum/ The arch-
** bi»hop muile orit*r to M|ieak
** ti» hi* iimjenty in Latin ; but
*' m*ithi*r hia highni*»s nur any
*' tlivrc prea«nt well untler.
'* stood what he said, aave ooly
" that by the last words, *frro
*' eccifsia Dei, pro eccUsm l>rf .'
(which iu earnest nwimer,
with his eyes and hands lift
up, he oftentimes iterated,)
hiH niajt*Hty conceived (aa it
pleuMfd him afierwarda bt
n»|N»rt) that he continued
the suit which sundrr times
'* before, and at his last at*
" tendance on his highness, he
** hod earnestly rvoommendrd
*' unto his rtiTal and apedal
'* cart* in liehalf of the church*"
LifeofWhiticift. V133O
P [The Antipathy of tiM
Knglish Lordly PrdMy. he.
p. 149. 4t<». 1041O
t«
••
tt
I*
!•
«<
• •
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 817
firmities; nieantime suppressing many eminent ac-A.n. ifio4.
tions, wliich Ins own conscience knows were per-
fonne<l by them. Wliat a monster might be made
out of the ]>est beauties in tlie world, if a limner
should leave what is lovely, and only collect into
one picture what he findeth amiss in them ! I know
there be white teeth in the blackest blackamoor, and
a black bill in the whitest swan. Worst men have
something to be commended, best men something in
them to l>e condemned ; only to insist on men's
faults, to render them odious, is no ingenious em-
ployment. God, we know, so useth his fan, that he
kwiH'th the corn, but driveth away the chaff; but
who is he that winnoweth so, as to throw away the
giHxl jfrain, and retain the chaff only ?
3. liesides, it containeth untruths, or at the best Huuntnith
uncertainties, which he venteth with assurance to
|M>sterity. For instance, speaking of Walter Tyrrell \
the French knight, casually killing king William
llufus in New Forest, with an arrow glancing from
:i trei\ he saith that in all likelihood Anselm, arch-
bishop of Canterbury, (our Whitgifl's predecessor,)
with fore-plotted treason hired Tyrrell to munler
the king in this manner. Now to condemn the
memor}' of so pious and learned a man as Anselm
was, (though I will not excuse him in all things,)
fivf hundred years after the fact pretended on his
own single bare surmise, contrary to the constant
current of all authors, no one whis]>ering the least
suspicion thereof — hath, I believe, but little of law
and nothing of gos|>el therein. Let the glancing of
Tyrrell's arrow niin<l men how they hend their Ikhtm
q P. lo.
818 The Church Hiitory bom s.
A. D. 1604. to shoot arrows^ even bitter words ' at the momonr of
2 Junes.
tho deceaM.»d, lest it rebound back, not aa his did to
hit a 8tai)der-))v, but justly to wound him who un-
justly delivered it.
Uin siaiuier 4. Rut to coHio to ouF reverend ^Vhitgift• FinI,
fctft; be charpfeth him for troubling the judges with his
contestations about prohibitions* endeavouring to
enlarge his ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Tliis being
the accusation but of a common lawyer* and that in
favour of his own courts, I leave to some doctor of
the civil or canon law, as most proper to make
answer thereunto ; only, whereas he saith that Iflliit-
gift did it to the prejudice of the queen's preroga-
tive*, surely she knew her own privileges so well,
besides those of her council to t<»ch her, that she
would never have so favourably reflected on him, if
sensible (wise princes having a tender touch in that
point) that he any way went about to abridge her
royal authority.
And uiiy 5. Secondlv, he taxeth him for his extraonlinanr
hittnun. train of above sixty men-scTvants ; though not so
extravagant a number, if his |)er8on and place be
considore<l, who were all trained up to martial aflkirs,
and mustered almost every week, his stable being
well furnished with store of gnmt horses K But was
it a fault, in those martial days, when the invasion
of a foreign Uh* was daily 8us|»ected, to fit his &mily
for their omii and the king«loin*s defence ? Did not
Abraliam, that htmvenly prophet and holy iiatriarch,
' Pnlin Ixiv. 3. lonlii npirituid ub wrll ■• tno.
• P. 1 4«>. poral wrrv (ihli|(ed tu maintaia
* [It wmn not ill Whii^ift*!! a crrtnin quiita of men fmr the
|Miwer to hurc (U*cline«l hiicIi n qucen't lervice.]
charge, had he deftired it : all
TEST. XVII. of Britain. 819
arm Im trained servants in his awn hotise^^ in his a. d. 1604.
victorious expedition against the king of Sodom ? -^~^?™*—
Yea, if churclunen of an anti-prelatical spirit had
not since tampered more dangerously with training
of servants, though none of their oira, both learning
and religion had perchance looked at this day with
a more cheerful countenance.
6. Wliereas it intimates that this archbishop had widtgift'ii
' cure 01 and
been better employed in training up scholars for the i<>r^ to
pulpit than soldiers for the field, know that as the
latter was performed the former was not quitted by
him : witness many worthy preachers bred under him
in Trinity College, and more elsewhere relieved by
him ; yea, his Ixmnty was too large to be confined
i^iithin the narrow seas — Beza, Drusius, and other
foreign protestant divines tasting freely thereof. Nor
was his liberality only a cistern for the present age,
but a running river from a fresh fountain, to water
]M)Stority in that school of Croydon, which he hath
lx*autifully built and bountifully endowed. More
might be said in the vindication of this worthy
)>relate from his reproachftil ]>en; but I purposely
forbear, the rather l)ecause it is possible that the
learned gentleman since, upon a serious review of
his own work, and experimental observation of the
passages of this age, may be more oifended with his
own writing herein, than others take just exception
thert^t.
7. Archbishop Will tgift was buried at Croydon, Hh biirH
Mill HM^
March 27th * ; the earl of Worcester and lonl
Zouch, his pupils, attending his hearse ; and bishop
'* Cfi'ii. xiv. 14.
< [Paul's Life of Whitgift, p. 1 33.]
820 The Church Hiitnry mok x.
LP. i6o4.Ba)>iiij;ton, Ins pupil also, made \m funonil seimon,
L!l!!!!!!L.cIio(>siiip: for his text 2 Cliron. xxiv. 15, 16, and
IKiralleliiij^ tlic archbishop's life with gracious J^
lioida. KichanI liancroft, bishop of London, brought
up in Jesus College, succeeded him in the airh*
bishopric > ; \vhose actions, in our ensuing HifitorT,
will suflTuMently deliver his character, without our
description then»of.
k tN-iirfinMi 8, Come we now to the parliament assembled';
taliiU* for 1 . 1
H> riiiirrii. and amongst the many acts which |iassed therein,
none more IxnieKcial for the churcli than that which
made the king himself, and his successors, incapable
of anv church land to be conveved unto them other-
wise than for three lives or twenty-one years. Indeed
a statute had fonnerly been made, (the ISth of queen
KHz.) which, to prevent final alienation of church
land, did disable all subjects from accepting them ;
but in that statute a lilnTtv was left unto the crown
to n*ceive the same *. It was thought fit to allow
to the crown this favourable exception, as to the
patnin general of the whole Knglish church; and it
was but nmson for the sovereign, who originally
gave all thr loaf to the chun*h, on occasion to
resume a good shiver then»of.
i rtMiiriv. 9. iJm In. ^ Ij,j ^inits ninetv-nine gates of Thebes,
rt«riii.i and leavt*th one o|hmi, shuts none in eHwt. Covets
iiiin-ii. ousui^ss (shall I say an apt sc*holar to li^am, or an
able mastt*r to teach, or Inith 0 quickly found out a
way to invado tin* lands of the church, and CTade
T [AihI tiMik |MiHHesHiiin cif II. 41.]
thi* M*i*, I)«*c. 10, 1604, :iiii1 una ■ ['Qth March, 1^4.]
conAniittl in tlu* iiri'MMict* (if • IliH»uiitf it wm« nuC far*
thf priiin* Miiil all tin* gn^nt bidden in the ttatute in r
InnU iif %t:ite then in and mIniiiI wcinU.
Itf'indfMi. W'inwiHHl'H PapiTM.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain,
S21
tho penalty of the law, which thus was contrived : a. n.ifio4.
some jwtent courtier first covertly contracts with a * *"^^
bishop (some whereof, though spiritual in title, were
too temporal in truth, as more minding their private
profit than the public good of the church) to im^s
over such a proiMirtion of land to the crown. This
done, the said courtier begs the land of the queen,
even before her highness had tasted thereof, or the
li|)S of her exchequer ever touched the same; and
so an estate thereof is settled on him and his heirs
for ever. And thus Covetousness came to her desired
end, though forced to go a longer journey, and fain
to fetch a farther compass about.
10. For instance: Dr. Cold well, doctor of phjrsic Two cnu
and bishop of Salisbury, gave his see a very strong acancMof
purge when he consented to tho alienatiim of Sher- Jj^^km
liorne manor from his bishopric; indeed the good f^J^'^'P^
old man was shot Ix'twiH^n wind and water, and his
consent was a«tsaulteil in a dangerous juncture of
time to give any denial ; for after he was elected
bishop of Salisbury, and after all his churcli prefer-
ments were disposcnl of to other persons, yet before
his election was confirmeil jmst a possibility of a
legal reversing thereof, sir Walter Raleigh is impor-
tunate with him to {mims Sherborne to tlie crown,
and efr<K*t<Hl it, though indeetl a good ground-rent
was reserve<l to the bishopric. Presently sir Walter
beggeth the same of the queen, and obtained it K
^ [This in not the only in-
Mtance of Kaleigh'n rapacity.
When ThotnaH Godwin, bishop
c»f Bath and WvlU, fell into
the queen 'h dinfavour for mar^
ryinfc a second time, sir Walter,
wlio had long laboured to get
rrLLKB, voi^ V.
the manor of Iknwell from
this bishopric, took occation to
represent this marriage with
all the unfavourable circum-
stances possible to the queen,
and instantly pursued the bi-
shop with letters and sharp
sast
The Church History
BOOS X.
A. D. 1604. Muck after the same manner^ sir [Henry] Killegrew
got the manor of Crediton (a bough almost as big
as all the rest of the body) from the church of
Exeter, by the consent of Dr. Babington, the bishop
thereof ^.
messages from her majesty, till
at last, to make his peace with
her, he was obliged to part
with the manor of WyvelHComb,
having held out for some time
to no purpose. 8ec Wood's
Ath. 1.710. I am not aware
that either of these circum-
stances has been noticed by
sir Walter's paneg)'ri8t8. Cold-
well had the temporalities of
his see restored to him, Jan. 14,
1592. In Murdin's State Pa-
pers, p. 675, is a letter from
Coldwell to Henry Brooke,
complaining of Raleigh's rapa-
city, who was then attemptmg
to WTCst from Salisbury the
manors of Burton, Holmes, and
Upcorne. This letter is dated
loth April, 1594]
<^ [U ith regard to the sacri*
legions alienation of church
property in the late queen's
reign, it must be remembered
that the bishoi>h who ctmsented
to such s|M}Hation . though bound
to protest against it and defend
the church agiiiiut aggressions
from any quarter, amid now
do little elite than nubmit. As
sir John Harrington observes
on a iiimilar occui*it»ii. ** VoirnitM
'* cum rogami juhrmi ; and as
" long as there \%aii not tfuid
** dahis nor hoc tiutm, but kite
** aut'eram^" thev had but one*
alternutivf, — i*ith<*r to de»ert
the church, or, by n*fuf»ing i^ub-
mission, t4i make mutters uorne.
'l*he queen treated the church
and churchmen with aa little
ceremony and rererence aa alie
did her courtiers and maids of
honour — as indifferent of what
she did as what she said.
** Had these alienations," ob-
serves Bentham, " been the
" voluntary acts of those bi-
" shops, the censure, it moat
'* be owned, had been justly
" laid. But as the law then
" stood, the queen had it wboUy
*' in her power to make
'* exchanges, and might, I
" ceive, liave taken to henelf.
" had she so pleased, all the
'* estates of all the bishopries
" in England, by n-ay or «u
*' change, without asking the
'* consent of the bishops. Theae
'* exchanges, it is conffaaeJ.
" were generally made to the
" disadvantage of the bishop-
" rics ; but the parliament bad
" given the queen, in the fint
*' year of her reign, an unpreoe-
" dented and enormous power
" over them ; and in the eier*
** cise of that power, she acted
" throughout her long reign
" with the utmost impartiality ;
" for there was not a liiaho|irie
" in the kingdom (except per*
" ha|M Bristol* Gkmccatcr,
" Oxford, and Peterborough.
** which had nothing to spare)
" frtmi which the queen did
*' not, at one time or other,
" i»heu ther hap|iened to be
*' vacant, take to herself a coo.
'* siderable part, and, gMMtnllj
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
323
11. To prevent fiiture wrong to the church in a. i) 1604.
that kind, it was now enacted, that the crown itself
Several
henceforward sliould be incapable of any such church Centura*
land to be conveyed unto it. Yet some were 80n^,t,tm^
bold as to conceive this law void in the very making
of it, and that all the obligation thereof consisted,
not in the strength of the law, but only in the king's
and his successors' voluntary obedience thereunto ** ;
accounting it injurious for any prince in parliament
to tie his successors, who neither can nor will be
concluded thereby, farther than it stands with their
ovm convenience. However, it was to stand in force
till the same power should be pleased to rescind it.
But others beheld this law, not with a politic but
religious eye, conceiving the King of heaven and
the king of England the parties concerned therein,
and accounting it sacrilege for any to alienate what
is given to God in his church.
12. Thus was the king graciously pleased to bind'^"**''
himself for the liberty of the church. lie knew fuUchurdi
well all courtiers' (and especially his own country-
men's) importunity in asking, and perhaps was privy
to his own impotency in denying ; and therefore, by
this statute, he eased himself of many troublesome
** speaking, the bent and most
" valuable fmrt of their posses-
** hIoiih ; giving them in ex.
" change, as she might legally
•* do, either the tcmths of the
*• clerg>' or rectories iinpro-
" priate. Well was it for the
" Hucceeding binhops that this
'* extraordinary jKJwer in the
•* crown wan restrained by an
" art pasHinl H<N»n after ! But
** it is hard that all the bisliops
" of that reign should be
*' blamed for suffering those
" exchanges to be made, when
'* it was out of their power to
" prevent it." History of Ca-
theflral of Ely, p. 196.]
^ [This act was obtained
principally by the influence of
Bancroft, at that time president
of the c<m vocation. %See Hey-
lyn's Hist, of the Presbyterians,
!»• .^780
y2
3S4
The Church Hisionf
BOOI X.
A. i>. 1604. suitoFH ; for hereafter no wise man would beg of the
"'^' king what was not in his power to js^nt, and what,
if granted, could not legally be conveyed to any
|>etitioner. Tims his majesty manifested his good-
will and affection to religion ; and altliough this Uw
could not finally preserve church lands, to make
them immortal, yet it prolonged their livei» for
many years together.
Thearuof 12. Pass We uow into the convocation, to
ooion, why wliat was douo there * ; but liere the history thereof,
H^i^l^^, as I may say, is shot betwixt the joints of the
armour, in the internal after Whitgift^s death and
before Bancroft's removal to Canterbury; so that
I can find the original thereof neither in the oflke
of the vicar-general, nor in the registry of London ;
nor can I recover it, as yet, from the office of the
dean and chapter of Canterbury, where most pro-
bably it is to be had, the jurisdiction belonging to
them in the vacancy.
Many cm- 13. Take this as the result thereof: a book of
thflraii, canons was compileil, not only being the sum of the
OTftMttinJf queen's Articles, orders of her commissioners, adver-
praudcfic.
c [This oonrocation awtiMii-
bM upon the aoth of March,
when the king's letter was read
to hasten a collection fur the
town of Genera, whose desire
was accordingly complied with.
In the second session, March
a 3rd, the prolocutor ( Dr. Kavis,
dean of Chriiit Church) was
pn^sentitl by Dr. ( >verall . wh«>M*
speech cm the occasion '\% %u\\
preserved among the M8S. of
ur. More, formerly bislM»p of
Norwich. But the chief butii-
ness in which it was occupied
was the compiling of the book
of canons, originally pobliaked
in 4to, 1604, and frpriatcd ia
Wilkins' Coocil. IV. 388. la
the same work also oiay bt
seen the commiasioo of tbt
dean and chapter of C^tcr-
bury to the bishop of ~
empowering him to
in the cim vocation during tb*
vacancy oi the see of Crater-
bury. See Atterborj'a R^^rta.
fkc. Add. pp.66, 4a3,aBd Wakfl^t
Sute of the Church, pp. 6 16.
6,71
CENT. xvn. ofBriiaki.
tinements, canons of 1571 and 1597, which were in a. p. 1604.
J ji —
use before, but also many more were added, the*
whole number amounting unto one hundred and
forty-one. Some wise and moderate men supposed
so many laws were too heavy a burden to be long
borne, and that it had been enough for the episcopal
party to have triumphed, not insulted over their
adversaries in so numerous impositions ^ However,
an explanation was made in one of the canons, of
the use of the cross in baptism i^, to prevent scandal;
and learned Thuanus, in his History ^ taketh an
especial notice thereof.
14. Motion being made in this convocation, about
framing an oath against simony, to be taken by all
presented to church preferment, bishop Budd, of SL^y^rt
David's, (as conscientious as any of his order, and''""^
free from that fault,) opposed it, chiefly because he
thought it unequal that the patron should not be
forced, as well as the clerk, to take that oath;
whereupon it was demanded of him whether he
would have the king to take that oath when he
presented a bishop or dean, and hereat the bishop
sat down in silence.
15. About this time the corporation of Bipon^nw p«ii.
in Yorkshire presented their petition to queen AnnetwrntT
on this occasion. They had a fiur collegiate churdi, nm ^
' [The puritanic ts usual, ** modMt and rtaaoaable Exa.
gave rent to heavy oompkinta '* mination of aonM tfiim ia
againit these canons, drculat- '' uae in the Church of Eng.
ing a pamphlet entitled *' Cer- " land, anndrr timea hereto-
** tain Advertisements to the ** Ibre mialikea, and now latdj
'• Parliament." 4to. 1604. Thb '' in a book called * The Plea
was answered by Dr. CovelF, ** of the Innoeenta.' *Q
the celebrated definider of f [Can. XXX.]
Hooker, in a tract callsd *' A k [Ub. ensL sO
tS
3Sfi The i kunh ilisiaty wws %.
.\ i» I' 4 HiAt«*lv for i\\v titnirtiin* llifff^if, furiiifrlT fn^r«i| bt
X J»ti %
till* iii>liilit\ uiul p'litn <if (hr \iriiiap*; tlio ni«*«iM
ulit*n*<»f. at th«' <li<^*>«i|iitioii of ali>H*\H. lifn* «i-i<i^l no
h\ tilt* kiii^, «M» that ^iiiall iiiaiiitfiiaiio* wait U-ft ti»
tlu* iiiiiii<>t«T of that |Mi|iiiliiii«i |iari«li. Noii, althcKijrti
Kilwiii Saiii|«i, an*hKiH|iii|» of Vi»rk. niitti tlio «-ari iif
liiiiilinploii, loni liiir>:lilt'V aii«l Sli«'Aifl«i, •uon^-
mvflv |in*«iiilt*iii«» of (h<* north. Iia«l n'«-«»iiinH*n«k'd
tlirir |H*tilii>ii to i|iit*<*ii Klizaln-th, tht.*v ohcminr^
iiotliiii>: hut fftir uii|MTt*omi«*«l |>r«»iiiiM*«i ; iih«*n'U|«ia
iiou th«- |{i|>|Miiii*ni hiiiiihiT aihin-^Mfvl thfniM*Ui^ t^i
qutfii A tint* ; ami hcmr Ikt aii^iifr unto th4*in :
'• Asm. II.
**Anii«*. I»v thi* ):rai-t* of (iinI. (|ii«fti of tlnirlafiiL
** S*olhiii«l. KniiiCf, atiil In'laiiil. &r. To all. to
•• i%hi»iii thi'*^* pn-^'iit* vihall rtiinr, irrt-«*tiiitf. W ht-n*-
** a^ th«*n* hath t»it*ii lat«*lr cxhihiti**! ami nTiktn*
** in«*iiih*«l unto u« a fninn* aritl |ilatf«>nii of a t'lJk-f^*
** p^m-ral, to In* |ilaiit«*«l aiiti «*^tAlili«ht*<i| at liipi^o
** in tin* r«>uiit\ of York, for thi* nianifohl lM*n«-lit of
** iNitli th<* iNtnh'P* of Kii;;lnn«l ainl ><*t*tlaml. I'|««
** till' ijiii' |NTU«iii;; «if tht' |i|«it afori'^ai*!. kt-n-unt«»
** anm-\«*«l. unil ii|miii •ii;:nitii*uti«in |h^«*ti **f tin* ir«"<H
** iikih;: anil a|*|*riiliAti«»ti «if tin* rhii'f |Hiinl« riK»-
** taih(-*l thi-nin li\ Muitlr^ irra«<*. l«-anii<«i. aii«l r%-li-
** ^i«in*» |i;irtii*«, ainl miiih* ii|ht*r nf honnur^hh' pivx*
** anti «*«tati*. ift«* h:i\i* tlinu^ht ^mmI. for tin* ani|4«*
** aiifl |NT|H*tual a<i%am*«'ni«'iit f»f l«*mniinc aii^l r«*lw
** }iu*u in ImiIIi tht' Imnh-r^ of our affin'^u«i n^alm^
"* t«» i*iinil«*«4'i Uii t«> %N*li| our fa\i»ur aiit! Ih^ fur*
** th«-ninr«' tin n'ltntn. AihI f«ir tin* ln^ttrr i-nmu-
** mifin^ «»f othrr hon«»iiraMi* am! liorthji |mi-
* tti ji»ui Willi ua III virldiux thrir liimiitj and
CEKT. XVII. of Britain. S87
«4
««
volence thereunto, we have and do signify and a. d. 1604.
assure, and by the word of a sacred princess and L
*' queen do expressly promise to procure, with all
convenient speed, to and for the yearly better
maintenance of the said college, all and every of
the requests, specified and craved to that end, in a
'' small schedule hereunto annexed. In confirmation
" whereof we have signed these presents by our
** hand and name above-mentioned, and have caused
our privy signet to be set unto the same.
*' Dated at our honour at Greenwich, July 4tb,
auuo Dom, 1604, and of our reign, &c.**
After the sealing, thus subscribed :
'' GULIELMUS TOULERIUS,
*' Secretarius de mandato serenissimas
** Anns Reginffi Anglian Scotias,
•* Francise, Hibemiae."
16. Such need never fear success who have soKingJuMi
I>otent a (K^rson to solicit their suit; king James ttfui gnat.
I)eing forwanl of himself to advance learning and
relipoiK and knowing Christ's precept. Let your
liffht shine before men^ knew also that Ui]K)n was
an a<lvantageous place for the fixing thereof; as
which, by its commodious ]>osition in the north,
there would reflect lustre almost equally into Eng-
land and Scotland. Whereu]K)n he founded a dean
aiicl chapter of si»ven prebends, allowing them two
luindre<I forty seven pounds a year out of his own
crown land for their maintenance.
17. I am informed that lately the lands of this
church are, by mistake, tvrice sold to several pur-
chasers : viz. once under the notion of dean and
y4
088
The Church History
BOOK X.
i6o4.chapUT's lands; and again, under the property of
^^ king'8 lands. I \\o\m the chapmen, when all is right
stated betwixt them, will agree amongst themselves
on their bargain. Meantime Ripon Church may
the better comport with i)overty, because only re-
mitted to its former condition.
»^- 18. The Family of Love (or lust rather) at this
ly of time presented a tedious (>etition to king James, (so
r^liM».that it is questionable whether his majesty ever
graced it w*ith his perusal,) wherein they endesc
voured to clear themselves from some misrepresen-
tations, and by fawning expression to iusinumte
themselves into his m{\jesty's good opinion ; which
here we jiresent :
^' To the King's most excellent Majesty, James the
'' First, by the grace of Go<! King of England,
•' Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the
*• Faith, &c. I
'' Most gracious sovereign lord, whereas there is
** published in a book, written by your highness as
** an instruction to your most noble son \ (whom
i [Til in SiippliiMticm of the
Kaiiiily "f l^ivi* woh priiitc*d in
the your 1 6o6, by John Ix^gate,
iiri liter t(i iht* uiiivfrnity of
Cuiiibriil):e. in u |mniiihli-t with
thin titlo : *' A Su|i|»licution tif
** thi* Funiily nf Ijovc (luiitl t«>
** bi* prt^iM'nt4Hl into thi* King*»
*' rciyiil IluntU, known to 1m*
** ili«|M*rM*(l aniunye hiN loyal
** Subjt*ctii) ftir (tract* and Ka-
'* VI 111 r. KnaminiHl ami fnuml
t«i be derupitory, in an high
IKitree, unto the <flory «if
" U«n1," &c. 4ti>. It wa» alau
reprinted, with obwrvationa, in
•I
•«
Rutherford's " Survej of tlw
" Spiritual AntichrMt," p. 343»
in 1648 ; from whom probiililj
Fuller Uwk hia copj of tw
petition, which I bsT^ eoUatcd
with the enrlier bur*- * " —
Kutherford derived
nienta princiiullv, and
fon* very probably the peiitioa
itself, frriui the firsUmeiitaoocd
Sam ph let. I may add tlwt Dr.
_ l«in» tiMik some pains tu reAit*
the tenets of this sect. 8c« bk
Mystery of Uodlincaa, p. 147.]
^ In his ikailicim I>iim.
((
i(
CENT. XVII, of Britain, 829
" Almighty God bless with much honour, happiness, a. d. 1604.
*' and long life,) of a people that are of a vile sect 1-
among the Anabaptists, called the Family of Love,
who do hold and maintain many proud, uncha-
*' ritable, unchristian, and most absurd opinions,
'* unto whom your highness doth also give the name
'' of puritans, affinning in the said book that divers
" of them (as Brown, Penry, and others) do accord
" with them in their foul, erroneous, heady, and
'' fantastical opinions, which are there set down at
" large by your majesty, advising your royal son (as
*' is most meet) to punish them if they refuse to
" obey the law, and will not cease to stir up re-
** bellion.
'* Now, gracious sovereign, because it is meet that
'* your highness nhould understand by their suppli-
** cation and declaration of the truth herein by
'* themselves, of whom your majesty hath been thus
" informed, prostrate at your princely feet, as true,
'* faithful, loyal, and obedient subjects to all your
'' laws and ordinances, civil and politic, spiritual and
*' temporal, they with humble hearts do beseech
'' your princely majesty to understand that the
'' people of the Family of Love, or of God, do
'* ntteriy disclaim and detest all the said absurd and
** self-conceited opinions, and disobedient and erro-
" neons siK?ts of the anabaptists, Brown, Penry, puri-
'' tans, and all other proud-minded sects and heresies
" whatsoever ; protesting, upon pain of our lives,
** that we are not of consent nor agreeing with any
'' such brain-sick pn^achers, nor their rebellious and
*' disobeilient sects whatsoever, but have been and
*' ever will be truly obedient to your highness and
'* your laws, to the effusion of our blood and ex-
SaO The Church Hintory book x.
I
in
«ft
«*
»»
**
^4- " |K*iiHos of our goods and lands in your niajesty^s
*' M^rvico ; liighly laudinpf Alniij^hty (iod. who hath
•' so graciously and jK^aceahly appointed unto us
'' surli a virtuous, \\m\ roligious, and noble king.
^' and so careful and impartial a justicor t<» govern
** over us; lH»siK*eliing him daily to hU*ss your high*
^ ness with his g<Hlly wisdom and holy understanding,
^ to the furthenince of his truth and godlinesss, and
**" with all honour, happiness peace, and long life;
an<l to judgi' rightly betwixt falsehood and truth.
** And IxM*au8C your majesty shall have a perfecl
view or an assured |)ersuasion of the truth of the
same our pnitestation, if therefore there be any
inditten*nt man of this kingdom that can jiutlj
^ touch us with anv such disobedient and wicked
** handling of ourselves, as seemeth by your majesty *s
** bo<ik it hath In^en informed unto your highnef«,
** unless thev be such our mortal enemies the dis-
*' olxHlient puritans, and those of their heady humoun
'* l)efore lumied, who are much more zealous, reli-
'' gious and precise in the tything of mint, annis
'* and cummin, and in the pn*ferring of such-like
'* pharis'iical and s(*lf-choMMi outwanl traditions and
'* grounds, or hyp(K*riti(*ai right(MMiMU*ss, than in the
'* pcTfonning of judpnf*nt, mercy, and faith, and
** sucli-iike true* and inwani rightiNiusnt^m, which
** GimI doth must ciiit*tly require and n*ganl. (Matt.
'• XV. 15, &<\) and wliosi» nialici*s have fiir twentv*
•
" fivi* years past and upwanls« and ever since with
vcTV many untrnr suggtMions and nntnt foul emm
and iHliou** crimrs (tin* which we could shew, if
" \\i*vi\ wrn*) Miuglit nur uttiT overthmw and de-
** stniclion, hut that wv have lM>havi>«l oursidvefi in
** all «»nlerlineHii an<l |H*aceahlf*ni*s8 of life where we
••
••
CENT. XVII. fffBrUaw^ 831
'* dwell, and with whom we had to deal. Or if we a.d. 1604.
'* do vary or swerve from the now established reli-
" gion in this land, either in services, ceremonies,
'* sermons, or sacraments, or have publicly s|K)ken or
'* inveighed, either by word or writing, against our
** late sovereign prince's government in cases spi-
•* ritual or temporal, then let us be rejected for
'* sectaries, and never receive the benefit of subjects.
*' Only, right gracious sovereign, we have read
*' certain books brought forth by a German author
** under the characters of 11. N. ', who aflfimieth
^ therein that he is prepared, chosen, and sent of
*' CiIchI to minister and set forth the most holy
** service of the love of God and Christ, or of the
'* Holy Ghost, unto the children of men upon the
** universal earth. Out of which service or writings
*' we be taught all dutiful obedience towards God
*' and magistrates, and to live a godly and honest
^ life, and to love God above all things, and our
'* m»ighl)our8 as ourselves ; agreeing therein with all
'• the holy scriptures, as we understand them.
'* A^inst which author and his books we never yet
'' heard nor knew any law established in this realm
** by our late gracious sovereign, but that we might
" n»a<l them without offence ; whose writings we
" sup|K)si», inider your highness' correction, your
** majesty hath yet iu»ver s(H?n or i)eru8ed, heard of
'• hv anv iinlifferent nor true information. For the
" sjii<l II. N. in all his doctrine and writings (lx?ing,
" as we are credibly infonned, as nmch matter in
" volume, if they wert» all compile<l together, as the
'' whole liible containeth) doth neither take part
1 Henry Xicbolan.
S8S
The Church Hutory
BOOK B.
.D. 1604.'' with nor yrrite against any particular party or
** company whatsoever "*, as naming them by their
'* names, nor yet praise or dispraise any of them by
*' name, but doth only shew in particular in his nid
" writings (as, saith he, the unpartial service of love
^ re(|uiretli) what is gcKMl or evil for every one, and
** wherein the man hath right or wrong in any point
'' whether it be in the state of his soul towards God.
'' or in the state of his body towards the magistrates
** of the world and towards one another, to the end
'' that all {>eoplc (when they hear or read his writ-
^' ings, and do thereby i)erceive their sins and
^' estranging from God and Christ) might endeavour
^ them to bring forth the due fruits of repentance,
'' which is reformation and newness of life, accord-
** ing as all the holy scriptures do likewise require
^ the same of every one, and that they might in
** that sort become saved through Jesus Christ, the
" only Saviour of all the world.
'' Notwithstanding, dear sovereign, yet hath the
*' said author and his doctrine a long time, and still
is, nnmt shamefully and falsely slandered by our
fon^said adversaries, both in this lan<l and in diveis
^ othern, as to be replenislied with all manner of
damnable emirs and filthy liberty of the flesh.
'' And we his welUwillem and favourers in the
•t
••
•«
■ [l*p<>n this pUMuigv the
AUtlicir of the (imt |iuiiiphlt*t
ubM*nreii : "lie cimunendeth
** the rhurch of Kmiie, with
** all the onlen ami (»lhc4*ni
** then*<if ; teartniiif( it ' the
ctimmiiiiion of all (Miiiktianii;
the |Mi|ie. the chief anointeil.
the lilt Nit holy father ; the
••
««
••
*' cardinal* ncMt boljr sod !»•
" nioua, and next the moil
" ancientett and bolj AulMr
** the po|ie in moat holj ffvli-
** l^iim and undenitandia|(:*aad
pninhecieth of an entire aad
liertifTt reatauratioa of tlM
|»pal hierarchy.**
Regui, cap. x»i. p/31.]
••
••
••
• «
TENT. xvii. of Britain, 383
" upright drift of his doctrine (as aforesaid) have a. d. 1604.
** also been by them complained on, and accused ; — '•—
** unto our late gracious sovereign and the magis-
** trates of this land, both long time past and now
^' lately again, as to be a people so infected and
*' stained with all manner of detestable wickedness
*• and errors, that are not worthy to live upon the
** earth ; but yet would never present any of his
books unto his majesty to peruse, nor yet set them
forth in any indifferent or true manner to the
view of the world, lest their malicious and slan-
derous reports and accusations against the same
and us should thereby have been revealed and
disproved, to their great shame. Through which
^ their most odious and false complaints against us,
'' the magistrates did then, and also have now lately,
*' cast divers of us into prison, to our great hiu-
*' derance and discredit ; but yet have never proved
** against us, by sufficient and true testimony, any
" one of their many foul accusations, (as the records
'' in such cases, and the magistrates that have dealt
*' thert»in can testify,) but are so utterly void of due
** and lawful proof thereof, that they have framed
'^ divers subtle Articles for us (being plain and un-
** learned men) to answer upon our oath, whereby
*' to urge and gather some things from ourselves,
'* so to approve their false and unchristian accusa-
" tions to be true, or else wll force us to renounce,
*' recant, and condenm that which we do not wilfully
'' maintain nor justify, (much like as it was practised
'' in the i)rimitive church against the Christians ;)
yea, they are not ashamed to lay their own and
all other men's disobedient and wicked acts (of
what profc^ssion soever they be) upon our backs.
«
«k
M
834 The Ckurck HUiory book i.
A. D. 1604.'' to the end cunningly to purchase fsTcnir and
— *""^ ^* credit to themflelves, and to make us aeem mon-
*' strous and detestable before the magistrates and
** the common |>eople every where ; for that we and
^ the doctrine of II. N. might (without any indif-
** ferent trial, and lawful or orderly proceeding, as
** heretofore hath been use<l in the Christian chnrrfa
in such cases, for confuting and condemning of
heresies) )>e utterly rooted out of the land ; with
** divers other most cruel practices, proceeding out
^ of their bitter and envious hearts towards us,
'* tending to the same unchristian and merciless
** purpose, the which we will here omit to speak
^ of, because we have already been over-tedious onto
*' your highness ; most humbly craving your roost
gracious jiardon and patience therein, in respect
that we speak to clear ourselves of such matter as
may touch our lives and liberties, (which are two
of the chiefest jewels that God hath given to
mankind in this world,) and also for that we have
** few friends, or any other means than this to
** acquaint your highness with the truth and state
*' of our cause, (whereof we think your majesty is
^ aItog(*tlier ignorant,) but have very many enemica^
** whom we do greatly suspect will not be slack to
^ prow*cute their false and malicious purpose against
'' us unto your highness, even like as they have
^* accustomed to do in times past unto our late
^ M>ven>ign <|UtHMi ; through which prevailing in their
** sland(*nMiH defacing of us and our cause, divers of
^ us (for want of frieiulM to make it rightly known
'' unto her niujcfity) have Hundry times been cmw
** HtraiiHHl to endun* their injurious dealings toward
*' us, to our great vexation and hinderance.
M
44
44
44
44
CENT. XVII. afBritam. 8S5
^ Wherefore, most gracious sovereign, this is now a. p. 1604.
our humble suit unto your highness, that when —
your kingly affairs of importance, which your
^ majesty hath now in hand, shall be well overpast
^ and finished, (for the prosperous performance
*• whereof we will, as duty bindeth us, daily pray
** unto Almighty God,) that then your highness will
** be pleased (because we have always taken the
** same author's work aforesaid to proceed out of
the great grace and love of God and Christ
extended towards all kings, princes, rulers, and
people upon the universal earth — as he himself,
in many of his works, doth witness no less — ^to
^ their salvation, unity, peace, and concord in the
same godly love) to grant us that favour, at your
majesty's fit and convenient time, to peruse the
books yourself with an impartial eye, conferring
them with the holy scriptures, wherein it seemeth
by the books that are set forth under your high-
ness' name that you have had great travel, and
" are therefore the better able to judge betwixt
** truth and falsehood. And we will, whensoever
^ it shall please your highness to appoint the time
** and to command and licence us thereto, do our
** best endeavour to procure so many of the books
** as we can out of Germany, where they be printed,
to be delivered unto your majesty, or such godly,
learned, and indifferent men as it shall please your
majesty to apiK>int.
*' And we will also, under your highness' lawful
^ licence and commandment in that behalf, do our
" like endeavour to procure some of the learned
" men of that country (if there be any yet remaining
'' alive that were well acquainted with the author
44
<4
(4
44
44
44
44
M
M
S36 The Church Hiitory book x.
A.D. 1604.^* and his works in his h'fctime, and which likewue
*• have exercised his works ever since) to come otct
^ and attend upon jour majesty, at your appointed
^* time convenient, wlio can much more sufficientlv
^^ instruct and resolve your highness in any unusual
^ words, phrase, or matter, that may haply seem
dark and doubtful unto your majesty, than any of
us in this your land are able to do.
And so, \x\yon such your highness' godly adviivd
consultation, and censure thereu(>on, (finding the
** same works heretical or seditious, and not agree-
*^ able to (iod*s holy wonl and testimonies of all
^ the scriptures,) to leave them, to take them as
*' your maji'sty's laws shall therein appoint us ; hav-
*^ ing no intent nor meaning to contend or resist
** thereagainst, howsoever it be, but dutifully to obey
thereunto, according to the counsel of the scrip*
tures, and also of the said author s works.
''And our further humble suit unto your high-
'' ness is, that of your gracious favour and clemetiry
*' you will grant and give order unto your majesty's
'' officers in that iK^half, that all of us, your faithful
loving su)>ject8, which are now in prison in any
|iart of thin your realm for the same cause, may
** Ik* rt^IeascHl u]N)n such bail or bond as we are able
to give; and that neither we nor any of that com-
I>any, b(*having ours(*lves onlerly and obedic»ntly
'' under your highness* laws, may be any further
^ |K*rstH*uted or tn)uble<l therein, until such time
^* as your maji^sty aii<l such gtMlly, learned* and
^* inditrerc*nt men of your clergy as your highness
'' shall apfNunt tliert*to, shall have a«lvisedly coo*
^ suited and <letermin«Ml of the matter, whereby that
*^ we may not be utterly wasted by the great chaigo
4i
•«
»*
44
u
" i
<(
««
«(
CENT. XVII. of Britain, 337
" of imprisoDineiit and persecution, and by the hard a.d. 1604.
^ dealing of our adversaries ; for we are a people
" but few in number, and yet most of us very poor
in worldly wealth ".
** O sacred prince ! we humbly pray that tlie
\lmighty will move your princely heart with true
"judgment to discern betwixt the right and wrong
** of our cause, according to that most certain and
Christian rule set down by our Saviour Christ unto
his disciples, (Matt. vii. 12,) Y^e shall know the
tree by his fruits; and in our obedience, peace-
** able and honest lives and conversation to protect
" us, and in our disobedience and misdemeanour to
*' punish us as resisters of God's ordinance, of the
** kingly authority, and most high office of justice
** committed unto your majesty to that puqK>8e to-
** wards your subjects. (Rom. xiii.)
** And, gracious sovereign, we humbly beseech
I
" [Upon this passage the ** of the simple sort were with
author of the same |)aniphlet ** H. N. his fancies entangled,
observes, ** It is well known ** nor the chiefest place of the
•* how, twenty-five years ago, *• realm free from these men.'
*' the number of them wasujeat, " Ibid. £.4,n. Since, that they
" and they dispersed in divers *' are diminished I hear not,
jmrtM : as Surrey, Sussex, " but them to be hugely in*
Middlesex, lk*rkshire,llamp- ** creased, through nief^ con- .
shire, Kssex, Isle of Eljr, " nivance I have arguments to J .
" Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Nor- " think ; but that their increase
folk ; in the north parts ; and " may be hindered, I hope ao- A'
finally in moht shires of this '* thority will take order.
realm. In theme days they '* They say they are also
did ul>ound, and were grown " poor, or the most of them ;
'* to })uch a number, as the dis- " but if the book of their
" player of the sect delivered, *' names, called of them * The
*' ' how his heart did sue to '* Book of Life,' could be seen,
" speak that which one of the " it would then appear, I doubt
*' same s<xriety did avouch to " not, that both the number of
*' him for truth,' (Display ^ '* them is great, and most of
Pref.) 'not a few ministers *' them very rich." p. 57.]
Fl'M.KR, VOL. v. Z
««
•«
4<
«•
t *
u
338 The Church Hhtiory book s.
A.n. 1604. <' your highness with princely regard in equity and
*^ iuvour to poiHler» and grant the humble suit cod-
** taineil in this most lowly supplication of your
'^ loyal, true-hearted, faithful, and afflicted subjects:
** and to remember that your majesty, iu your book
** of princely, grave, and fatherly advice to the bappj
** prince, your royal son, doth conclude that principu
" est jmrcere suhjevtis et debellare nuperbos ; and then,
^ no doubt, God will bless your highness and mil
^ your noble offspring with peace, long life, and all
honours and happiness, long to continue and reign
over us: for the which we will ever pray with
•* incessant prayers to the Almighty.**
I find not what effect this their ]>etition produced:
whether it was slighted, and the petitioners looked
u|K)n as inconsiderable, or lx^held as a few frantic
folk out of their wits, which consideration alone
often melted their adversaries* anger into pity nnta
them.
^r^.'* 19. Tlic main <lesign driven on in the petition
Do«iM> lie is to separate themselves fnnn the puritans, (as per-
puriuiu. sons odious to king James,) that they might not fiue
the worse for their vicinity unto them ; though theiP
Familists could not bi^ so desirous to leave them
as the others were ghul to be left by them ; for if
their opinions were so senseless^ and the Htcs of
these Familists so siMisual, as is reported, no purity
at all l>ehmged unto them.
piirmMin 20. Sonn» take exceptions at their prayer for
tinn cMi- king James, wishing him an<l his ** |ieace, long life,
'* all honour and happiness/* without mentioning of
life eternal and the bli^sings thercHif ; whilst othen
an* so much of the family of charity to this Family
rKNT. XVII. of Britain. 839
of Lfove, as to excuse the omission as casual, or else a. n. 1604.
extend happiness as comprehensive of the world to -i
come ^ ; others are more justly ofTended to see gold
and dung joined together — God's word and the
words of H. Nicholas equally yoked by them as
infaUible alike. They confess in this book ^ some
^^ unusual words which are dark and dou))tful/' which
at this day is affected by many sectarists, whilst truth
is plain and easy ; amusing (>eople with mj-stical
expressions, which their auditors understand not, and
perchance not they themselves : so that, as one saith
very well of their high-soaring pretended spiritual
language, '' Tliat it is a great deal too high for this
** world, and a great deal too low for the world to
" come."
21. I find one, in his confutation of this petition^Mr. Ra.
inveighing against our bishops, that they were friends cniMioMiy
unto Familism, and favoured the promoters thereof; JUThSopt
adding, moreover, " that few of the prelatical wayj^^"""
** refuted them P.** Now, though the best friends of ^u"" E"-
bishops, yea, and the bislio()8 themselves, will con-
fess they had too many faults, yet I am confident
this is a false and uncharitable aspersion upon them.
No better is that when he saitli, ^'that divers of
*' the court of queen Elizabeth, and some nobles,
** were Familists ;" wherein I am sure plenty of
instances hath put him to such a |»enury, that he
cannot insist u])on any one. But I am inclined the
rather to pardon his error herein, because the author
rt*{Kirting this is a foreigner then living in Scotland ;
and should I treat of the character of the court of
^ Sunmel Rutlierfcird. in his P In hit Mblci on bin Prti-
Survey, p. 353. tion of Survey, p. 349.
z9
S40 771^ Church Hhtory bum x.
A.D. 1604. kiiie JanH*8 at K<linl)urd) at the same time, poMiblj
my iR'n at m jfreat a (li»tance might commit fiv
worse mistakes.
Fwniiitu 223. Sime will sav, where are thene Familista uow*
nMMiern auays f are tliey utterly extinct, or are they lost u
^^"^ tlie heap of other sects, or are they coiiceale<l under
a new naiiu* '( Tlie last is most probable. Thn
Family, which shut their doors before, keeps o{ien
house uow ; yea. Family is ton narrow a name for
them, they are prown ho numerous. Fonneriy, by
their <»mii confession in tliis i)etition, they had three
qualities — '* few, poor, and unleanieil.'* For the htf
billa rera^ their lack of learning they still retaia.
being othernvi^ie many, and scmie rich, but all under
the name of Ranters. And thus I fairly leave tben,
on conditiim they Mill fairly leave me, that I may
hear no more of them for delivering truth and my
own ccmscience in what I have written coneemiiy
their opinions.
TbedMUi SS. 1 find no protestimt tears dropped on tbe
KJy. '" grave of any eminent divine this year, but we light
on two Humanists dying bijond sc>a, much lamented:
one*, Uichard IlalM, briKl in Christ's College in
Cambridge, whence he mn over to Ilome, whence
h(* n'tununl into the Low Countries, and died oanaa
and official of tlie cathcnlml of St. Omer; the otber,
Humphrey I^ly^ an Herefordshire man by both.
fellow of St. John's in Oxford, whence, going beyond
M>a, at Home he commenced doctor of law, and
aflerM'anIs died professor then*of in the univenity
of Pont a Mousoii*. He is charactered to be
<i [Piti«-ut> in Viu. |i. Hoi ] • In the dochy of
' (III. p So^]
CENT. XVII.
of Bntain,
841
peritusy doctus^ pauper^ et pacificus — a lawyer learned, a. d. 1605.
poor, and peaceable. And thus much my charity ^ ""^
can easily believe of him ; but the distich (the
epitaph, I take it, on his tomb) is damnably hyper-
bolical :
'* Albion hwreseos velatur nocte^ viator
Desine mirari^ sol 9uns hie latitat^
*' Wonder not, England^s dark with error's night.
For lo ! here buried lies her sun so bright.*^
Or else the poet lies who made the verses. But
his ashes shall not be disturbed by me.
24. The Romish catholics, now utterly despairing, The plot-
either by flattery to woo or force to wrest any free Powdcr
and public exercise of their religion, some of them
entered into a damnable and devilish conspiracy to
blow up the parliament-house with gunpowder*. In
this plot were engaged,
i. Robert Catesby. ii. Thomas Percy, iii. Sir
Everard Digby. iv. Francis Tresham. v. Robert
Winter. >i. Thomas Winter, vii. John Wright,
viii. Christopher Wright, ix. Ambrose Rookwood.
t [Posterity has since acquit-
ted the Kotnan catholics, as a
body, from the guilt of parti-
cipating in this conspiracy ; nor
does history warrant us in sup-
posing that it was ever known,
much lesA favoured, by any
others than the deH|K>rate men
who were actually engaged in
it. The chief contrivers of it.
who seem altio to have inveigled
the rest, were Percy and Crates-
by ; the former of whom, being
kinsman to the earl of North-
umberland, and a man of loose
habits, first hired the house
uear the parliament, into which
they conveyed the barrela of
iKiwder, and was assisted in it
>y the latter, whom Ooodmao
describes as " a very cunning.
" subtle man, exceedin^y
*' tangled in debts, and scaroe
<' able to subsist." For the
rest of the conspirators men-
tioned in the text, (with the
exception, perhaps, of Rook-
woou, who was somewhat in
debt,) there seems but little
reason to sup|KMe that they
were otherwise than drawn
into it by abler heads than
their own.]
z S
B4se
The C/mrch History
BOOK S.
A. i>. 1605.x. Robert Keys. xi. John Grant, xii. ThoniM
- — Bates, Catesby's man. xiii. Guido Faux ".
Twelve, besides their foreman ; but how honeai
and trucy let their ensuing action declare, iiun^lf
all of resolute spirits, most of ancient families* some
of plentiful fortunes; and Percy, though weak in
purse himself, pretended to command the wealthiest
coffers of another.
(larnet hit 25. But a tn^asou without a Jesuit, or one of
c«iie of itNi- jesuited principles theriMu, is like a dry wall with-
■""*^*' out either lime or mortar. Gerard must be the
cement, with the sacrament of si'crecy, to join them
together, (lamet and Tesmond, whelps of the same
litter, commended and encouraged the design. But
here an im|>ortant scruple was injected — how to
^ [Aooordiiig to th«* Ronmn
catholic hiHtorianii,CateHl)y con-
ceived this monstrous design in
Februan*. 1605. Keys was not
associated in it until August,
and Bates in December fullow-
ing. Tlic first two ]H*rMoiiH to
whom it wiiM communicat4*d
were John Wright and Tluimns
Winter. Winter |miMed over
into Flanders, to solicit the
mediation of the king of S|kain ;
but. failing in his attempt, re-
turned into Kngland, in com.
pany with (tuy Fuwki»s. with
whcim he had fallen in utOxtend
about the middle of April. To*
u-ardN the end of the month,
Fercy. liaving arrivi*il in town,
H-as introduci*d in the rt*st of
the omNpiratorn at Catesby's
hiMiM* in IjanilN'th. Then all
live, a few diivs later, met at a
hituse in the fieldn liehind St.
Clement's Inn, whore thev
•«
••
i«
agreed u|ion the plot ; liarmg
first sworn by tbe Ucned TVi*
nity, and by an "oath whick
t)iey purposed to receiw, noc
to reveal what ahould be dift-
closed t<i them, nor abandoa
" the design without the Ml
** and unanimous coiueiit of
" their associates."
Up to this period then is
no proof that either Gerard or
(rarnet was acquainted with
their intentions explicitlj : it
seems, therefore, mucli HMfv
probable (as it ia posstirriy
stated in (terard's MS.* m
quoted by Mr. Tiemt'j)
Catesby obtained Ciamef's
niun on this '* caae of i
** science.'* not by cmnuinai-
cutiiig hi» design, but Int rtaC
ing an anahigims case. See tibe
iiot4*s in Dodd's Church Haft.
IV. 45)
c^KXT. XVII. of' Britain, 84S
part their friends from their foes in the parliament, a. D. 1605,
they having many in tlie house of alliance, yea, of
the same (in conscience a nearer kindred) religion
with themselves. To slay the righteous with the
wicked *, he it far from God and all good men ; and
yet, as sucli an unpartial destruction was uncha-
ritable, so an exact separation seemed as impossible.
Here Ganiet, instead of untying, cut this knot
asunder, with tin's his sharp decision : that in such
a case as this, it was lawful to kill friend and foe
together. Indeed, the good husbandman in the
po8|wly jwrmitted the tares to grow for the corn's
Bake ; whereas here, by the contrary counsel of the
Jesuit, the corn (so they reputed it) was to be rooted
up for the tares' sake.
26. This scruple in conscience thus satisfied byTw®*;**
Garnet^ two other difficulties, in point of perform-
ance, presented themselves ; for Charles, duke of
York, probably (by reason of his minority) would
not t>e present, and the lady Elizabeth would cer-
tainly be absent from the parliament-house. How
then should these two, the next heirs to the crown,
Ik? compassed within their power? But for the
first, Percy proffered his service, promising to pos-
sess himself, by a fraudulent force, of the person of
tlie duke. Catesby undertook the other difficulty,
under a pretended hunting-match (advantaged there-
unto by the vicinity of Ashby to the lord Harring-
ton's, wliere the princess had her education) to train
her into their command. All robs thus removed,
their way was made as smooth as glass, and as
sli]>pery too, as by the se<juel may appear.
> C«i*n. xviii. 25. J Mutt. xiii. 39.
z 4
S44 Thr Chnnh H\*(nrii Bchik s.
35* 27' But Krst be it n^iiionitK^rcd. that thoiij^h these
— plott^'rs iiiteiKled at la^t with honour to ovn\ the
u«*tioii, when Hurooss had made all thin^fs seruro, ret
"' they pnrposed, wlu^n the Wow was first pivon. and
whilst the aet was certain, hut the siicct^M thereof
doubtruK to father tlie fart on the |mrit&iis. The?
thought their haeks w(>re hmad enouj^h to lx*ar both
the sin and shanic*. and tliat this saddle, for the
|»nsent« would finely lit their Ixieks: whose disieoii*
tent, (as thes<» |»lott(*rs would |»n*tend,) unable other-
wist» to aehlev(» their d«»sin»d alteration in ehurrh
gf»vi*ninient. had by this damnable treason effected
the sann*. Bv tnuisferrintr the faet on the then
most innoeent puritans, they hoped not onlj to
deeline the odium of si» hellish a design, but abo,
by tin* stnin;;eness of the a<'t and unsus|)ectiHlnem of
the actors, to aniust* all men, and beji^^t an uniiriTnl
distrust, that (*very man would j^row jealous of him-
wdf. And whilst sueh amazement tied, in a manner,
all nn^rs hands ludiind them, thi*«e plotters pronii!*ed
tliemstdves tht* working; t»nt tlieir own ends, part bj
their home stren<;tli, ami the n*st l>y oallinj^ in the
assistanei* nf tnrei;;n prinees.
>r 28. They fall a working; in tlie vault : dark the
.r. plar«*. in tilt* ilepth of the eartli ; dark the time, in
till* dead of tilt* nijrht : dark the di*8ijniff all the
aetors tlit*nMn eon(*t*altHl l)v oath frtmi others, and
•
then*bv eumbiiied amon^^st tlu*ms(dTes. Oh, how
i-asy is any work whfu liiph merit is conrtMved the
wapi*s tht^pHif * In pien*iiip thnuiph the wall, nine
ftN>t tliiek. tlit*v frronetiiislv eonrt*iviHl that ther
thereby liewetl forth their own wav to heaven*.
w m
' >|t«'«tl\ I limti. iM Kiti^ Junii*^. [«. I. 49. Thry hifffd
CENT. XVII.
of Briiain.
846
But they digged more with their silver in an hour a. D. 1605.
than with their iron in many days ; namely, when —
discovering a cellar hard by, they hired the same,
and these pioneers saved much of their pains by the
advantage thereof. And now all things were carried
so secretly, no possibility of any detection, seeing
the actors themselves had solemnly sworn that they
would not, and all others might as safely swear they
could not, make any discovery thereof
29. But so it fell out that the sitting of the<Mgi
parliament was put off from time to time ; namely, ing to d«K
the hou»e of a ]>enu)n named
FerriK. who was tenant to Wy-
niard, the keeper of the royal
wardrolie. The original deed
of agreement between Percy
and Ferris, dated May 34, 1604.
is still preserved in the State
Paper Offce. (Tiemey, in Dodd,
IV. 44.) By the time they conld
get possession of the house, it
was too late to commence their
project of forming a mine, as
parliament was prorogued in
July. They separated, there-
fore, with a resolution to re-
assemble in November, when
the houses would again be sit-
ting. When that jieriod had
arrived, the commissioners ap-
pointed for proposing the union
between England and Scotland
had fixed upon the lumse which
Percy had taken for holding
their meetings in. By these
circumstances their operations
were delayed till December.
When the mine was opened,
the rubbish removed during
the day was concealed at night
under the soil of the garden.
But other accidents, besides
the thickness of the foundation
wall, (among others, the influx
of water into the mine.) im-
peded their progress : when
Easter, therefore, had arrived,
they had not yet perforated
the wall nor completed the
task. At this juncture an
accidental noise over their
heads first apprised them of
the existence of the cellar,
situated immediately under the
house of lords. The tenant of
it. named Bright, was already
removing ; and Fawkes hast-
ened, in the name of his master
Percy, to hire the cellar. Hav.
ing accomplished his purpose,
they abandoned their opera,
tions in the mine ; but so hasty»
or. as Goodman thinks. (1. 104,)
so negligent were they in their
proceedings. " as they did not
" throw in that earth which
" they digged out of the mine,
" but left It open, that it might
" be seen and I myself."
continues the bishop, " aid see
" it." See also Dodd, note,
P- 44-]
S46 The Church Huttay mm i.
A. D. ir>o5.from the seventh of February, whereon it WM fim
** ''""**• a|»|M)iiitc<l to nuvt, it was adjoumiKl till the fifth of
Siwiii October, niul afterward from the fifth of October
(.Unuiie. put off till x\\c fifth of Noveiiiber ; ud accordinriT
their working in the vault, which attended the
motion of the i^arliainent, had several distinct in-
tennissiong. and resumptions thereof: as if Divine
lHt>vidence had given warning to these traitors, bj
the slow proceeding ami oft adjourning of the par-
liament, meantime seriously to consider what thej
went about, and seasonably to dc«st from so damn-
able a design, as suspicious at last it would be
ruined, which so long had bei^n retardeil. But no
taking off their trhce/s ■ will stay those chariots from
dniwning which God hath decreed shall be swal-
lowi'd in the Ketl Sea.
Thr Uti- 30. JiehMy here is fire and trood^ but tthert is
ciinr«ie- the hwih for the bund offering^ Alas! a whole
*'*^"' flock of laml)s wen* not far ofl^, all appointed to
tlie slaughter : tlie king, prince llenr}\ peers, bishops
judges, knights, and burgesses -^^ all designed to
destmction. lA't me smite him (said Abishai of
Kaul) even at onee^ and I trill not smite kirn tie
second time K So hen\ a blow so sound, secret,
and sudden was intended, it would not need itera-
tion : once and ever — the first act would finish all
in an instant. Hut, thanks be ti» God, nothing was
blown up but the treason, or brought to execution
liut the trait(»rs.
Tiir«|n«h .il. Indt*iMK Mrnie few days Ix^fore the fatal stroke
iiTKr.M.' should In* given, master Key(*s lH*ing at Titchmanh
in Northanipton«^hin*. at the housi* of master Gilbert
* KxinI. xiv. 45. ^ \ ^Slllt1. x\y\, 8.
CENT. XVII. of'lintain, 847
Pickering, his brother-in-law, (but of a different a. D. 1605.
religion, as a true protestant,) suddenly whipped out —
his sword, and in merriment made many offers there-
with at the heads, neck, and sides of many gentlemen
and gentlewomen then in his company. This then
was taken as a mere frolic, and for the present
passed accordingly; but afterwards, when the treason
was discovered, such as remembered his gestures
thought thereby he did act what he intended to do
if the plot had took effect — hack and hew, kill and
slay all eminent persons of a different religion from
themselves.
32. Curse not the kinq^ no not in Hiy thought Th^tnyiH
for a bird of the air shall carry Uie voice * ; as here
such a discovery was made. With a ikju, fetched
from the feather of a fowl, a letter was written to
the lord Mounteagle **, in manner following :
" My Lord,
** Out of the love I bear to some of your friends,
** I have a care of your preservation ; therefore I
'* would advise you, as you tender your life, to devise
some excuse to shift off your attendance at this
parliament : for God and man have concurred to
^' punish the wickedness of this time. And think
not slightly of this advertisement, but retire your-
self into your country, M-here you may expect the
ev(*nt in safety; for though there be no appear-
ance of any stir, yet I say they shall receive a
'^ terrible blow this parliament, and yet tliey shall
'* not see who hurts them. Tliis counsel is not to
^ EccU's. X. 20. (rrevii, neur Aldgatc. Gixtd*
' [Tlu'ii living ut Ik*tliiial muii't Mem. I. 104.]
«<
»•
*•
*•
848 The Church HUU^ry boob s.
L D.160JI.'' be contemned, beciiuse it may do you good, and
L. ** can do you no Imnn ; for the danger is put bo
** Hoon as you have burnt the letter. And I hope
*' (jod will give you the grace to make good use of
•' it : to whose holy protection 1 commend you •.'*
A strange letter, from a strange hand, by a strange
messenger ; without date to it, name at it, and, I
had almost said, sense in it ; — a letter which, even
when it was oi>ened, was still sealed, such the
affected obscurity therein,
nwfint 83. The lord Mounteagle, as loyally advised him,
irorci in. comnmnicates the letter to the carl of Salisbury, be
to the king : his majesty, on the second peniaaL
ex)>ouuded the mystical Moia meant therein muat be
by gun{M>wder, and gives order for searching the
rooms under the parliament house, under pretence
to look for lost hangings which were conveyed away.
Tlie first Kean*h, about evening, discovered nothing
but Percy's cellar, full of wo«)d, and Johnson, his
man, (under that name M-as Faux disguised,) att(*nd-
ing then^in. However, the name of Percy and
sight of Faux so quickened the jealousy of the lord
* [TIk* uiitli<»r.Nhi[i of iIiIh whh condemned to ilie fur bar-
letter has Iki'Ii attrilitit(*<l to liouritig Garnet and Oldcorae
■everal uerMinA. ,Vc Janliiii*. at his houne in Ilemllip. bat
». 62. Thut writ(*r. liciuvwr, wan Huved l>y the inlluencp of
la niintaken iti <iiif)|Miiiin}; that lord 2^lnunteagle. BiahopGood-
till* conjecture uhich uiKTibi*d man, hou-ever, who hatl eftorl-
it to Mm. iluhin^toii, Hitter of lent nieiuiH of dincoveriag the
the lord Moiint«*a^le, wa% not truth. |»iMiiti%*ely uaaerta tliat tbe
eaprenaed till nearly a ivntury letter wan written by
after the i*vc*nt occur r4*<l ; fur ** a man of a ionnI eatate.
H'lMtd e«|>n*vjily attrilmteN it ti> ** a Mrict catholic ;*' but oCkcr.
her. u|i«in the autlmrity nf Mr wint* \ieuk in Inn intellrcta. asd
William Dufjilule. Ath.Il.iic. led by othem of gneateff ciia*
She waa the wife «if the cele- iiiii)(. Memoin. I. 104.]
hrated ThfHiian ilaliintston. who
CEKT. XVII. of Britain, 340
Mounteagle, that this first slight search led to a a. d. 1605.
second scrutiny, more strictly and secretly p^r, ^ *°'*^
formed.
34. This was made at midnight, by sir Thomas The wound
Kuyvett, gentleman of his majesty's privy chamber, core™ auT
and others, into the vault under the parliament
house. There the mystery of iniquity was quickly
discovered : a pile of fuel, faced over with billets,
lined under with thirty-six barrels of powder, besides
iron bars, to make the force of the fire more effec-
tual. Guido Faux was apprehended in the outward
room, with a dark lantern in his hand, (the lively
emblem of their design, whose dark side was turned
to man, whiles the light part was exposed to God,)
and three matches, ready to give fire to the train.
This caitiff professed himself only grieved that he
was not in the inner room, to blow himself and
them all up together; affirming, moreover, that " not
** God, but the devil, made the discovery of the
*' plot."
35. Meantime Catesby, Percy, Ilookwood, both Thetmitori
the Wrights, and Thomas Winter, were hovering taken! *^
about London to attend the issue of the matter.
Having sat so long abrood, and hatching nothing,
thev bi'gan to suspect all their eggs had proved
addle ; yet, betwixt hope and fear, they and their
servants post down into the countrj', through War-
wick and Worcester into Staffordshire. Of traitors
they tuni felons, breaking up stables and stealing
horses as they went ; but many of their o\ni men,
by a far more lawful felony, stole away from their
masters, leaving them to shift for themselves. The
neighbouring countii*s and their own consciences
rise nj) against these riotous roisters, as yet unknown
S50
Thi Chunk History
BOOl X.
A.D.irK>5.ft>r tniitors. At last sir Uicharcl Waklu high sherif
4 Jmmnt^ ^^^ ^Vo^co«to^shir(^ overtook thorn at Ilolbeck ra
Statlonlshins at tlio house of Mr. Stephen Littletno,
where, upon their resistance, the two Wrights were
killed, Hookw(»o(l and Thomas Winter slirewdlj
wounded.
ratni»y S6. A 8 for Percy and Catesby, they fought deqie-
fi^tdMpe nitoly for their lives, as knowing no quarter, but
Sw^HiMfc quartering, would be given unto them; and, an if
they scorned to tuni their Imcks to any but thero-
8i*lves, B(*tting liack to l>ack, they fought against all
that assaulted them. Many swords were dram-n upon
them ; but gun|>owder must do the deed, which diiu
cliarged that bullet which dispatched them both'.
Never were two Imd men^s deaths more generally
lamented of all good men, only ou this account,
that they lived no longer to Ix* forced to a farther
discovery of their 8t»cret associates.
87. It must not Ijc forgotten how, some hours
befon» their apprehension, as these plotten wete
drying dank j*un|Mjwder in an inn, a miller carnally
coming in, (haply n(»t heiHling the Uack meal on
the hearth,) by can*less casting on of a billet, fired
tlie gun|M)wder: up flies the chimm^y. with part of
the houM* ; all thenMu are frightiHl, most hurt, but
es|HM*ially ( at(*sby and H(N>kwood had their fiicet
Mmndly scorched ; so bearing in their biMlies, not
Th« Lnrd
' [Tlii*y uere Nhot throuf^li
the ImnIv, ha ther MtMNl back
to luck. Iiy tH*4i bulli'ts fnnn
oni* niuikket. mitl diini worth v
of A tN*ttvr caiiM*. Siv a vrrv
interoatiiig aramiit of thfir
dmth, qiioteil from father
(rnH*nwav'« M**^* in Jurdiiu*.
p. 86. Goodman dora
scruiile lo My that air Robert
Cecil gare tt|ieciai cbargr tad
direction mai to take thtm
nlive: *' who," continnea tibt
hihhop, *' it may lie, would baiv
" revealed Mome evil cowhcI
*' jeiven." Memoira, I. 1 07.]
OKNT. XVII. of Britain, S51
trrlyfiaray the marks of our Lord Jesus Christ K, but a.d. 1605.
the print of their own impieties **. Well might they ** *^**'
guess how good that their cup of cruelty was, whose
dregs they meant others should drink, by this little
8ip which they themselves had unwillingly tasted
thereof.
88. The rest were all at London solemnly arraigned, The rest
convicted, condemned. So foul the fact, so fair the executed,
proof, they could say nothing for themselves. Master
Tresham dying in the prison \ prevented a more
ignominious end ^.
i. Sir Everard Digby, Robert Winter, Grant, and
Bates, were hanged, drawn, and quartered, at the
west end of St. Paul's. Three of them, but espe-
cially sir Everard Digby, died very penitently and
devoutly; only Grant expressed most obstinacy at
his end.
ii. Tliomas Winter, Ambrose Rookwood, Keyes,
and Faux, were executed as the former in the Par-
liament-yard in Westminster. Keyes followed Grant
in his ol>8tinacy, and Faux shewed more penitency
than all the rest ^
iii. Garnet, provincial of the English Jesuits, was
arraigned some weeks after by four several names %
and executed on the Saturday, which, he said, was
called Uistitiitio cruets; — of whom largely in the
next year.
They all craved testimony that they died Roman
c Gal. vi. 17. ' [Of poison, according to
^ [See hir Edward Coke's bishop Goodman. lb.]
speech at the trial, in Jardine, ^ [Winwood's Papers* II. p.
P- '35> ^'^^^ gives a slightly 1B9.]
different version of this anec- ^ Stow's Chron. p. 881.
dote.] ■» Stow, p. 88a.
S5J2
The Church Hintory
BOOB B.
1605 catliolicH. My pen shall grant them this their Im
^ and so equal petition, and bears witness, to all whon
it mav concern, that thev lived and died in the
m m
Uoniibh n*ligion; and although the heinousness of
their offence might, with some colour of justice, have
angert»<l s(»verity into cruelty against them, yet so
fiivourably wen-! they procewled M'ith, that most of
their sons or heirs (except since disinherited by their
own prodigality) at this day enjoy their paternal
possessions.
m- 39* Heaven having thus defimti>d hell of it«
lume desired sucr(*ss, (*arth since hath endeavoured to
defraud heaven of its destTved praisi'. A jtosthume
rc*port is brought forth into the Morld (nursinl, as it
is fit, by the nintliers thereof) that king James was
privy to this plot all along, and that his observing
ran {tarallel with the traitors acting therein ; so that
he could dis(*over it when he phrased, but was not
pleased to discover it until the eve of the fifth of
November; — a fancy inconsistent with that ordinanr
piety M'hich all charitable men must allow king
Janu's iLs a (*hristian, and with that extraordinanr
•
poli(*y which lii«< adversaries admire in him as a
statesnisin '*. Was it probable that he would tempC
om
" [Thin, hdvirver. \% (riNMl-
iiiuu's U5i<ii'rticiii. fill 1*111*111 V tti
kiii^ .rniM'H, liiit nthcr vrry
lt,*iiii*iit ill liJK judpiit'iit «il' the
kiii^!*** iu*tifiti*» . " Thi<» ]i*ttt*r."
h«* H»r*(. " iiiv Inn I .Mifiiiitfii^li*
'* (lid iiiHtmilly iiiipurt tn thv
" MiTctarv ; till* Mn.Ti*ti*r\ diil
" iiMtjiitly ai*f|ii.iiiil tin* kiii^
** and wiine of tin* oiniiicil
" therewith ; the kiii|: iiiii«»l
'' hjii-c ihr hiintiiir tn iiiti*rpri*i
" it. thut it WM by gunpowilrr;
" :iiid the vrrr night hrforv
" the |mrlianii*iit lte|pui it
" tu U* diMTot'vml. to
" the iiialtvr the iiiurr udioui.
" iind the delivermncv
" iiiirATiihiuii. No leas
" thi* lord chanilwrUin mmtti
*' M*\iTc\\ for it ;iimI diaciiTvr it.
" niid Fuux with hi» dArk )am*
" Win iiiUKt be AppfvhvBded."
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
853
God 80 profanely, as solemnly to thank him for a. d. 1605.
revealing that to him which he knew before? Would ^ *'"**'
king James his wisdom (not to say his wariness, not
to say his fearfulness) dally so long with destruction
as to put it oiT to the last hour, when {uno actUy
iactu : ictUj nictu) all might have been confounded ?
Was it not hard for him to equivocate before such
a master of equivocation as Garnet the Jesuit was ?
who certainly, if he had smelt any juggling of king
James therein, would no doubt have proclaimed it
to all the world at his execution. I deny not but
that the king, both by intelligence from foreign
parts and secret information from those secular
priests that bishop Bancroft secretly kept in his
house, was advertised in general of some great plot
which the Jesuited papists were hatching against
the ensuing parliament ; but for the particulars, that
riddling letter brought him the first notice thereof,
whatsoever is fancied to the contrary. But if wild
conjectures in such cases, from obscure authors, shall
Ix' |)ermitted to jostle for credit against received
records, all former unquestionable history will be
quickly reduced to an universal uncertainty. But
there is a generation of people who, to enhance the
rc»putation of their knowledge, seem not only, like
moths, to have lurkeil under the carpets of the
council-table, but, even like fleas, to have lea{>ed
Mem. I. 45. It iH clear, from
theiu* ttiid other passageH, that
Croodman ))elieved that C^ecil
had practised upon the known
timidity of the king, with a
view to gain court favour. But
whatever may have been the
true hintory of this myateriout
FULLKR, VOL. V.
affair, it is very certain that
Cecil had known it some days
before the meeting of parlia-
ment ; for such is his own
poiiitive assertion in bis letter
to sir (Charles Comwallis. Win-
wood, II. 171.]
A a
354 The Church HuU)ry booi s.
K 1605. into tlio pillows of princes' bedchambers — thence
""**' deriving their private knowledge of all things which
were, or were not, ever done or thought of; in
defiance of wlioni I add, Gire unto Crrsar the thingi
that nrv Crrsars, and unto God the thinys that art
Cod\s, Let king James, l)j reading the letter, have
the eriMlit of discovering this plot to the world, and
(lod tlu* glory for discovering it nnto king James.
"^^ 40. A learned author ^ making mention of this
irmmm treason, breaketh forth into the following rapture:
rtiiatod
rtof
Aiueiit. «* Excidat ilia dies teroy ne poffera credant
S*rufa : hus cvrfe taceamus^ et ubruta multa
yocte teai propriiv jnttiaMur criMina ptHiU^
^^ O It't that day l)e quite dashM out of time.
And nut lH*lii*v*(l by the next generation !
In night uf silence we* II conceal the crime.
Thereby to save the credit uf our nation.*
A wish which, in my opinion, hath more of poetry
than of piety theriMn. and from which I must be
fnn*ed t4» dissent ; for I conceive not the credit of
our countrymen concerned in this plot — not behold-
ing this as a national act, whose* actors were but a
party (»f a party, a des|K*nite handful of discontented
|N*rsuns uf the papistical faction. May the day in-
deeil Ih* ever forgotten, as to the |MMnt of imitation,
but 1m» rver renu*nilM*red to the det(*station thervof.
May it U* siilmuily tniiisniitted to all {lOsteritT, thai
tlu*y may know h<»w bad man can Ik' to destroy, and
how gfMNi (lud hath U^en to deliv(*r; that especially
we Kngli^linien may take notice how woful we might
have beirn, how happy we an% and how thankful we
"^ Caiiiil. lint, in Middlews. p. 310.
CENT. XVII. of Britain. S55
ouglit to be: in order whereunto the parliament a. d. 1605.
(first moved therein by sir Edward MountagueP,
afterward baron of Bough ton) enacted an annual
and constant memorial of that day to be observed.
41. Certainly, if this plot had took effect, the Just 00m-
papists would have celebrated this day with alluiedmyia
solemnity, and it should have taken the upper hand^^^^^
of all other festivals ; the more therefore the shame
and pity, that amongst j)rotestants the keeping of
tliis day (not as yet full fifty years old) begins
already to wax weak and decay; so that the red
letters, wherein it is written, seem daily to grow
dimmer and paler in our English calendar. God
forbid that our thankftilness for this great deliver-
ance, formerly so solemnly observed, should hereafter
l)e like the squibs which the apprentices in London
make on this day, and which give a great flash, and
crack at the first, but soon after go out in a stink !
42. Matthew Hutton, archbishop of York, ended Tbe dewh
ofarcb-
his religious life; descended from an ancient family inthop
of Ilutton Hall (as I take it) in Lancashire, fellow
of Trinity College in Cambridge, (to the enlarging
whereof he gave an hundred marks,) afterwards
master of Pembroke Hall, and Margaret professor,
then bishop of Durham and archbishop of York.
One of the last times that ever he preached in his
cathedral was on this occasion : the catholics in
Yorkshire were commanded by the queen's autho-
rity to be j)resent at three sermons, and at the two
first behaved themselves so obstreperously, that some
of them were force<l to be gagged before they would
Ix" quiet; the archbishop preached the last sermon
P [33r(l Jttn. 1606 See Joornalt of the Com. I. p. 258.]
A a 8
.S.i() The Churt'h History book i.
rioc. most f)rravoly and solidly, taking for his text John
viii. 47, //<* tft^t is ofOfnl heareth fMfpd\s trfprdx; yr
f/in'f'Jttrf hvnr thnn nnt^ bvcanse i/e are not of G*^.
i"i»- 43. I lore I must clear tlio nii^morv of this worthv
]m*latc from a mistake eommitted (surely not wiK
fully, but through false intelligent^) hy a jK»n other-
wise* more ingenuous, and pmfessing resjKH-t to hinu
and some familiaritv with him.
Sir John Harrington, in \\\}^ Additional to bishop
Godwin, page 192 = 25.3 :
" [This archhishop] his eldest son is a knight of
•• fair livinjr, and now or latelv sherift* of Yorksthin*.
^ and of good re}mtation. One other son he had.
*^ that an ill life brought to a worve end : his name
'' was Luke Ilutton. so valiant that he feared not
*' men nor laws; and for a niblnTV done on St.
^ liuke's day, (for name*s sake,) he diinl as liad i
*' death (I hope with a better mind) than the thief
** of whom St. liuke writes. The arehbishop shewed
•' hen»in that eonstanev and si»veritv worthv of hi«
*^ plaee; for he would not endeavour to Have him,
'* the world tlicMight, he easily might."
Thr Truth.
'V\\\^ worthy pndate had but thn*e sons: i. 3
\ihr) diiMl young; ii. Sir Timothy Ilutton, knighted
anno 1G(K3. and slieritf of Yorkshire; iii. Sir TliomaK
Ilutton, knight, who live«l and ilied also res|iected in
his own rountrv. An f«»r this Luke Ilutton, he was
not hi**, but Mill t«» doctor Ilutton, prelnaidarr of
Diirliam.
This arelilii**liop was a IranuMl man. exrt^ptetl even
by a Ji»snit, <\\lio wrote in di^gniee of the Knglish,
as neghrting the n*ading of fathers,) and another
cKNT. XVII. of Britain. 867
Matthew more, (jui unus in paucis versare ptitres a.v. 160$,
dieitur ^, He founded an hospital in the north, and } "°^'
endowed it with the yearly revenue of thirty-five
pounds.
44. Two other bishops this year also ended their The death
lives : in March, John Young, doctor in divinity, once Mtbopt or
master of Pembroke Hall in Cambridge, bishop of .nd cw-
Rochester, in which see he sat above twenty-seven***^'
years ^ ; and Anthony Watson, fellow of Christ's Col-
Ii»ge in Cambridge, first dean of Bristol, and afterwards
bishop of Chichester, whom queen Elizabeth made
her almoner, namely, after bishop Fletcher, at whose
indiscTcet second marriage the queen took distaste.
Bishop Watson died in September, and always led a
single life.
45. F'ather Henry Garnet was now most solemnly Oamec't
and ceremoniously bnnight to the sc*atfold; who,aiideeriy
because he is cried up by the papists for so precious
a piece of piety, we will be the larger in the deli-
yery of his true character; for, although we will not
cast dirt on the foulest face, it is fit we should wash
off the paint of counterfeit holiness from the hypo-
critical pretenders thereunto. Bre<l he was in Win-
chester Si'hool, wht^re, with some other scholars, he
conspireil to cut off his schoolmaster's (Bilson's)
right hand ^ (early his enmity against authority
n*tronching his riot,) but that his design was dis-
covc.timI. Being prepositor of the school, whose
frown or favour was considerable to those under his
'• [Cainpian, in his X. Ra- * Attested by bishop Bilson,
tiones, p. 71.] of Winchester, alive at Garnet's
r Set' hinhop Godwin in his death, and many years after.
C'ataloinie. [p. 539. Hi* died See Robert Abbot in his Anti-
iii April.] logia, Epistle to the Reader.
Aa 3
858 Tin Church History BOOi x.
A. D. iro6. inspection, he scHloniitically abused five or six of the
4 ww%. handsomest youths therein ^ Ilereujion his school-
master advised liini, yea, he advised himself, rather
silentlv to slink awav, than to stand candidate for a
n»pulse in his prefennent to New College. Over he
fled to Home, where, after some years, he so im-
proved himself, that from a prepositor over boys he
was made provincial over men, even the whole order
of English Jesuits ".
^^rr^ *6. Hence he n»tumed into England *, and was
Tower by not Only prfvy to, but a princi|)al plotter of the
tcatant (luupowdcr Treasou. Ik'ing attache<l and imprisoned
•"""^ in the Tower, the earl of Salisbury and Dr. Overall
dean of St. Paul's, with other divines, repaired unto
him, charging it on his conscience for not rev€?aliDf
so dang(Tous a conspiracy. Garnet pleaded for him-
K*lf that it was concreilited unto him under the
solemn seal of confession, the violation whereof he
accounted the highest impiety. This they disproved,
because he had disc'oursed thereof frequently and
publiclv with C'atesbv, fJeranl, and Greenwood —
cin*umstances inconsistent with the essential secrecv
of confession. Cianiet sought to salve himself vrith
a tin(* distinction, (so fine that it brake to pieces in
the spinning.) that it was told him in via ad ron-
fessinnnn — in onler to confc^ssion ; which« though
wanting some formalities thereof, did equally oblige
his conscience to c*onceal it.
(-«mrfl«iiiiii 47. I)4»an Overall n'joineiK that confession was of
aah' facts, not post facts; and that it is not roD-
< [AlilMtt. ill.] '* ric«> (rameto Jeftuita prodi«
*• [*' Aiitilii^iiiailrcrhiiH A|M>- ** ton*.'* Ijond 410. 1613.]
** lii^iam Aiiilrfu' Kiiila'iiioii- > [101586. 8ee WwiruodL
'* Julunni* JvBuiUe pru lieu, ib.]
CENT. XTii. of Britain, 859
fesBion, but menacing, to impart to a priest intended a. d. 1606.
▼illanies. He fiurther urged that their most con- ^ "°^
scientious casuists allowed, yea, even enjoined, priests
discovery in such case, when a greater good accrued
by revealing than concealing such secrecies. ** I
" was minded," quoth Garnet, " to discover the plot,
•• but not the persons therein,"
48. Here the earl of Salisbury interposed : ** And Ei^H or
** who," said he, ^'hindered you from discovering theqawdon
€4
•• plot r ** Even you yourself," answered Garnet ;
•* for I knew full well, should I have revealed the
plot and not the plotters, you would have racked
this poor body of mine to pieces, to make me
•* confess." And now we have mentioned the rack,
know that never any rack was used on Garnet,
except a wit-rack, wherewith he was worsted, and
this cunning archer outshot in his own bow ; for,
being in prison with father Oldcome, alias Hall,
his confessor, they were put into an equivocating
room y, as I may term it, which pretended nothing
but privacy, yet had a reservation of some invisible
I>erson8 within it, earwitncsses to all the passages
lietwixt them, whereby many secrecies of Garnet's
were discovered.
49. In Guildhall he was arraigned before the OariMi life
Ir)nl mayor and the lords of the privy council ; sir!!^2luyBd
Baptist Hicks (afterwards viscount Camden) being JJJJ^
foreman of the jury, consisting of knights, esquires,
and the most substantial citizens, whose integrities
and abilities were al>ove exception. I see therefore
no cause why the defender of Garnet, after his
death, accuseth those men as incompetent or im«
y Abbot in Antilogia, c. 1, f. 15.
A a 4
acii)
The Chnrrh HUtnry
BOOK X.
y>.)>roprr Tor tlieir place, as if he would have hail him
!L tried pfr /tarrs^ by a jury of Jesuits, (and woukl he
have them all provincials too?) wliich I believe,
thou<rh snnnnoned. would unwillingly have appeared
in that place, (laniet, pleading little against prvg*
nant proofs, was condemned, and 8<tme days after
publicly executed in St. Paul's churchyanl.
50. The secri'tary of the Spanish ambassador* (for
' we charitably lK»Iieve his master hcmester and wiser,)
writing into Spain and Italy what here he took upon
hi'arsay, filled foreign countries with many falsehoods
concerning (iarnet s death ; as namely.
1. That he niunifesti*il
much ahicritv of mind, in
the cheerfiiliioMH o( his I<N>ks
ttt hJH death.
2. His zeiilouH and fer-
ViMit prayers much moved
the |K.*4>|»lo.
3. Tlie |H*o|iIe hindered
the hangnail from cuttinfr
the ro|H* and quartering him
H'hiU* alive.
4. Th«* |M*«>|»le M) clawed
the executioner, that he
hardly enca|M*d with life.
5. When he held up
(tariiet\ head to the |K*<i|ile,
there Him a panic Ml«*iice,
none ii;iyin^, " (iinI H.ire the
" kin^; !"
1. He betrayed nock
Rervile fear and cuiut«nw»
tton of iipirit» much bencatk
the erected molutioo of a
martyr.
2. II iM prayers were lauit,
cold, and |KTplezed, uft in*
terrupti*d with his luteniag
to and aniiwering uf oCkera.
3. Tliat favour, by special
order from his majeslj, was
mercifully indulged ubIo
him.
4. No violence was
unto hinij able manr ti
after to |pve a east of his
oHice, if need required.
5. Acclamations in tlut
kind were as hmd and gppne-
ral ait hen*tufore un tW
same occasion.
Thus MitVereil father (Sarnet; after whone demlh
fionie buhtle |»erhons have im|mdently broached, and
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 861
other silly people senselessly believed, a certain a. d. 1607.
miracle of his working, which we here relate as we
find it reported :
51. John Wilkinson, a thoroucrhpaced catholic, The loiemn
tabt <^ Oat-
living at 8t. Omers, posted over into England, aSncc*titimw
having a great desire to get and keep some of Grar-"'*'**^
net's relics. Great was his diligence in coming
early l>efore others to the place of his execution,
which advantaged him near to Garnet's person, and
greater his patience in staying till all was ended
and the rest of the people departed ; when, behold !
a straw besprinkled with some drops of his blood,
and having an ear of com at the end thereof, leaped
up on this Wilkinson ' — not taking the rise of its
leap frcjm the ground, he was sure, but whether
from the scaftold, or from the basket wherein Gar-
iirt's head was, he was uncertain. Was not this
Wilkinson made of jeat, that he drew this straw so
wonderfully unto him ? Well, however it came to
pass, joyfully he departs with this treasure, and
deposits the same with the wife of Hugh Griffith, a
tailor, (a zealot of his own religion,) who provided a
crystal case for the more chary keeping thereof.
52. Some weeks after, upon serious inspection of ChuiMt*^
this straw, the face of a man (and we must believe appeuv in
it was Garnet's) was perceived therein, appearing* "^^^^
on the outside of a leaf which covere<l a grain
within it, and where the convexity thereof repre-
sented the prominency of the fiw^e with good ad-
vantage. Wilkinson, Hugh Griffith and his wife,
Tliomas Laithwaith, and others, beheld the same.
' Abbot, ib. fol. 198, out of story is taken, with the con-
whom, for the main, all this futation thereof.
S612 The Church History moi &.
n. I (io;. though there l>e Home (lifference in their dcpositioos
'""*'^' whoso eyes had tlie first happiness to discover this
portraiture. Soon after, ail England was belitteivd
with tlie news of this straw, and catholics cried it
up for no less tlian a miracle.
^v^- 53. There are two infallible touchstones of a true
tiv don6«
miracle, which always is done ^Oiw^f preseni/jf, aod
reXciwg, perfectly. Neither of these, on examination,
appeared here; for when this straw salient leaped
first up into Wilkinson's lap, it is to bo presumed
that he, having it so long in his i>ossession, criticallj
surveye<l the same, the volume whereof might
quickly be penised ; and yet then no such effigiatioo
was therein discovered, which some nineteen weeks
after bei^ame visible, about the nineteenth of i$ep-
tember following. Surely liad this pregnant straw
gone out its full time of forty weeks, it would have
been delivere<l of a |)erfect picture indeeil ; wherptA.
now miscarrying In^fore that time, wonder not if all
things were not so complete therein.
I per. 54. For the face therein was not so exact as
* *'™^" which might justly entitle heaven to the workman-
ship thereof. Say not it was done in too small a
s<*antling to Ix* accurate; for IJeus est maximus la
minimis — (iodV exipiisiteness apiH'ars the mo$t in
ni(Nl(*ls **. Whereas, when witnesses were examined
about this niock-niiracle before the archbishop of
(*aiittTbury, Fnincis Mow«*n deposetl that he beKeved
that a good artizan might have drawn one more
curii»usly; un«l Hugh (iriHith himself attested thai
it was no inon* lik«* (larnrt than to any other man
who had a lK*ard ; and that it was S4) small, uooe
* Kxudutt viii. i8.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain,
S6S
could affirm it to resemble him ; adding, moreover, a. d. 1607.
that there ^vas no glory or streaming rays about it, -^ *°^'
which some did impudently report ^.
55. However, this inspirited straw was afterward OwimCs
copicd out, and at Rome printed in pomp, withtioaocia.
many superstitious copartments about it — as a coro-thitmodu
net, a cross, and nails, more than ever were in the
original. Yea, this miracle, how silly and simple
soever, gave the groundwork to Gamet*s beatifica-
tion by the pope some months after. Indeed Garnet
complaineii before his death that he could not
ex]>ect That the church should own him for a martyr,
and signified the same in his letter to his dear mis-
tress Anne, (but for her surname call her Garnet or
Vaux ^ as you please,) because nothing of religion
and only practices against the state were laid to his
charge. It seemed good, therefore, to his holiness
not to canonize Garnet for a solemn saint, much less
for a martyr, but only to beatificate him ; which, if
I mistake not, in their heavenly heraldry, is by papists
accounted the least and lowest degree of celestial
dignity, and yet a step above the commonalty or
ordinary sort of such good men as are saved. Tliis
he did to qualify the infamy of Garnet's death, and
that the i>erfume of this new title might outscent
^ [The Jesuits carried this
ahHiirdity to very frreat lengths.
In Spain a painter was em-
ployed to make divers pictures
of Garnet, uith this inscription
written underneath : '* Hemrivo
'• (iamctt, Inglet Martomado
•• m Ixmdres,'* he. See Win-
w(N>d, II. 300. At Rome his
statue was placed in the church
of the Jesuits, among other
martyrs of that society. See
Bemardin. Oeraldus, Patavi.
nus, in his Apologia pro Senate
Veneto, or Renati Verds^i Sta-
tera, (Lugduni 1637, iamo»)
p. 1 27, where the whole passage
IS quoted at lengtli.]
c [She fins one of the aunts
to lord Vaux of Harrowden in
Warwickshire, according to
Lingmrd, Hist. VI. 48, n.]
e-
364 The Chnrvh Hisiory bch>i x.
7. tlio stcMich of liis treason. But wt» loavr this (lanift
- (lotli loniror to disturb his hlosscMliie^^^) in his «iwn
phior, and |»roo(*od to suoh (*lnin*h matters as vivro
transartrd in tliis prc'Si^nt parliament.
56. Kvil manners prove often (thou^rh against
tlieir will) the parents of jrood laws, as here it (*amo
''to pass. Tlie parliament, be;nm and holden at Wcsit-
1 minster the fifth of November, and there oontinue«l
till the t\vi»nty-s(»venth of May followinjf, enacti*«I
many thinjrs for the disc-overin;^ and repressing i»f
})opisli n*eus:uitsy extant at largo in the print4*«l
statutes; when'of nont* was more efliH*tual than
that oath of obedien<*e which everv eathulic wa»
eommanded to take, the form whereof is here in-
serted ; the nither, because this oath niav ho tormeti
(like two of Isiuic's wells, AVA' and Sitnah "*) Con-
tention and Hatred, the subjei*t of a tough cnntnv
v(*rsy lK*twixt us and Konu% about the legal urging
and taking th<'nM>f, — protestants no less leanie<llT
asserting, than papists did zealously op|M)so the
Kune •*.
Tht\fnnn nf itliirh Oath is nsfitlhweth ';
'* I, A.B., do tndy and sincerely aeknowliHlgp,
" profrss, tt»stifv, and ckrlare in mv coniKrience
*' bffon* (mmI and the world, that our sovereign lonl
*' king James is lawftd and rightful king of thiii
" realm, and of all other his maji'sty's dominions
'^ and countri(*s; and that the po|HS neither of him-
** M'lf nor by any authority of the chundi or imx* of
^ (iiMi. xw'\ io. :i. iiiittcHl tti arrhliUhiip Abbil
<* [ \i-ci trill 11;; til ljin^:iril, aiid sir ('liristii|»lit*r FerkiiiK m
(lliiil. iif Kiij^. VI. ^N/,) tlu- riiiifiiriniii^ Ji*fiiiit ]
fniiiiiiiK uf thiA tuth Wiu trmiu ' [Wilkin* Cone. IV. 4^5.]
44
44
M
44
CKinT. XVII. of Britain. 865
^ Rome, or by any other means with any other, hath a.d. 1607.
^ any power or authority to depose the king, or to
dispose any of his m^jesty*s kingdoms or dominions, '^
or to authorize any foreign prince to invade or
annoy him or his countries, or to discharge any of
his subjects of their allegiance and obedience to
** his majesty, or to give licence or leave to any of
^ them to bear arms, raise tumult, or to oflfer any
** violence or hurt to his majesty's royal person,
state, or government, or to any of his mBQeskfn
subjects within his majesty's dominions.
'* Also I do swear from my heart, that notwith-
standing any declaration or sentence of excommu-
nication or deprivation made or granted, or to be
made or granted, by the pope or his successors, or
by any authority derived or pretended to be de-
rived from him or his see, against the said king,
his heirs or successors, or any absolution of the
said subjects from their obedience, I will bear fidth
and true allegiance to his mqesty, his heirs and
successors, and him and them will defend to the
uttermost of my power against all conqpifades and
attempts whatsoever which shall be made against
his or their persons, their crown and dignity, by
reason or colour of any such sentence or deolip
ration, or otherwise, and will do my best endeft-
** vour to disclose and make known unto his migesty,
^ his heirs and successors, all treasons and traitorous
"* conspiracies which I shall know or hear of, to be
against him or any of them.
And I do farther swear, that I do from my
heart abhor, detest, and abjure as impioos and
heretical, this damnable doctrine and position,
that princes which be azeommimiMted or d»-
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
4i
44
4*
4«
44
4«
it
«i
4«
366 The Church History mxhi i.
D. 1607. '' privcMl by tlio |>o|>e may be dofiosecl or murdered
'*"^' " by thiMF Hiilyoots, or any other whatsoever.*
"And T do iHdiove, and in conscience am resolved,
'' that neither tlie pope nor any {lerson whatsoever
'' hati) power to absolve me of this oath, or any
'^ {Mirt thereof, whicli I acknowledge by good and
^' full authority to l>e lawfully ministcriHl unto me,
^* and do rtMiounee all pardons and disiiensations to
'' the contrar>\ And all these things I do plainly
'* and sincerely acknowledge and swear, according
'' to these express words by me spoken, and ac-
'' conling to the plain and common sense and un-
*' derstanding of the i<ame words, without any equi-
'* vocation or mental evasion, or secret reservation
*' whatsoever. And I do make this recognition and
** acknowledgment heartily, willingly, and truly,
'' upon the true faith of a Christian, ^^o help me
"(io<IO
Tliis oath was devised to discriminate the per-
nicious from the fK^aceable papists — ^^sure bind,
" sun» find ;" and the makers of this were nece^
hitated to l)e larger thi'rein, because* it is hard to
stnin;rle e<|uiv<K*ation, which, if unable by might to
break, will endeavour by sleight to slip the halter.
ppufi* 57. Nu sooner did the news thereof arrive at the
in eari of his holiness, but pn^siMitly he di8|iatcheth
if»i ti.u 1^.^ |,rc.vo into Knglaud ^ prohibiting all catholics
to take this oath, so destructive to tlieir own fiouk
and the S4*e of Itome; exhorting them |iatiently to
K [Tilt* tir^t ii (l.it«nl iiiid 430. f mm Fou lit* Romish TrtA-
.S*|it. U>of>, and tlit* otlivr tlu* umii, UniIc X. 3.]
33nl Au^. i'>o7. licith aro ^ St*f* king Jann hia Workib
printed in Wilkin*' Ccinc. II. p. 250. [ed. 1616. ibiio.]
CENT. XVII. of Britain, 367
suflfer iHjreecution, and manfully to endure martyr- a. d. 1607.
dom *. And because report was raised that the i>ope
wrote this breve " not of his own accord and proper
willy but rather for the re8i)ect and at the instigation
of others," next year he sent a second, to give faith
and confirmation to the former ^. Notwithstanding
all which, this oath, being tendered to, was gene-
rally taken by catholics, without any scruple or
regret ; and particularly, (Jeorge Blackwell, arch-
priest of the English, being apprehended and cast
into prison, by taking this oath WTOUght his own
enlargement : which made canlinal Bellamiine (some
forty years ago acquainted with him) in his Letters'
kindly to rt'prove him for the same.
58. And now, the alarm being given, whether P«w tiWi^
this oath was lawful or no, both partita of protest- ftimit the
ants and papists drew forth their forces into theofuusoMh.
field. King James undertook the ]K)i)e himself —
the wc»arer of three against the wearer of a triple
crown, (an even match,)— effectually confuting his
brevets ; bishop Andrews takes Bellarmine to task ;
bishop Barlow {>our8 out upon Parsons ; doctor
Morton, doctor Robert Abbot, doctor Buckeridge,
doctor Collins, doctor Burrel, master Tomson, doctor
Peter Moulin, maintain the legality of the oath*
against Suarez, Kuda^mon, Becanus, Cofteteus, Pe-
leterius, and others; to whose worthy works the
reader is rt»ferred for his farther satisfiEu;tion. I
may call at, not go into these controversies, lest, by
staying so long, I be benighted in my way ; the
rather, because the nearer wo approach our home.
- [Sec Carte's Hint. III. k ExUnt. ibid. p. 258.
7B2.] I Extant, ibid. p. a6o.
368 The Church History of Britain. bcm>k x,
m
A.i>. 1607. the loii^r the miles gniw; — I mean, matter mo)-
tiplieth towanl the eonchision of our work. And
now it is not worth the while to go into tho con-
teniporar)' convocation, where we meet witli nothinf
but romialitv and continuations *".
w
^ [Not tlie leant among " those which are (»f the Ro.
these wax Dr. Donne/ in his " man religion in this enontrr
work entitloil*' Pseudo-Martyr; *' mav and cynght to take the
'* wherein, out of certain pro- ** oatli of allegianoe. Load.
*' positions and gnidaticms this " 1610."]
** conclusion is evicted. — that
SECT. m.
T H O M .¥s D A C R E S,
UK
CHESHIJNT, ARMIGERO«.
AudiMi i(Ppius de rotunda taMa, qitam Wintania jactitut:
hanc repern Arthurum instituisge ferunt ; lie inter militet
eJM dlscunibentes aliquid discorditJB ob TTpiaroKoOtdpCcLV
orirtfur,
Aoftl f/u(des tdim Uhri fueriiii cum in gyrutn ratarentur,
Illnr adhuc infer Latinos rolumen a wlvendo ohtinet.
Xi/iil ipifitr infereft quo ordine patroni mei collocewtur^
rum in rirruhri forma inffT primnm et imum nihil $it
di$rri minis,
Sfd quorsum hwc ! Cum penus tnum^ licet tplendidumy (f^nta
*st comifaSy qua' te illusfrem reddidit) non/astuase consulas.
Tihi inii n in prosjyrra . Val**.
•» [Arms. Arjffiit, h chevron
sablf lH»twtH»ii three torteaux
cliar^ed with oh many Hcalopn
of the first.
Kldi'Ht M>n of hir ThoiniiM
DacrcN, of CheMhiint» knight,
;in(l Martha daughter of Tho.
mas Hhneh, Esq., of LiU
fonl ill the county of North-
am ptcMi. He married Eliza-
iH'th daughter of sir Robert
Austen, hart., of lk*xley in
Kent. In 1614 he was nhe*
riff of the county, and in 1660
M'l.i.F.K, vol.. V.
nominated for oneof the knighu
of the Royal Oak. Probably
for the zeal and bravery shewn
l)y himself and his family in
defence of the royal cause.
(See Lloyd's Worthies, p. 682.)
Several of this fiimily enjoyed
the dignity of sheriffs in their
county, (set* further the Pisgah
Sight, p. 408, and the Worthies,
II. 62, 64,) and were connected
by marriage with the family of
the celebrated sir Roliert At-
kins.]
nil
S70 Tfir Ckttixtt Uhtmy looi ».
: inny remember that one of the befl
ttiiiij;^ produced by Hani))toii Couit
i-oiitV-rt'iu-c was a resolution in hi*
I innjcHty tnr n new tranHJation of the
' Dilile : which n'lifrioiis desi^ni was nnv
eflectiinlly |inis<>(-tit('il. and the tmi)slator«. lirinif
seven ami forty in nuinher, digested into six rom-
iranii-s, and scvcnil }iook« assij^ned them, in onU-r
at) toDoweth, iiccordin}; unto (he wveral |daci">
wherein tliey were to meet, eonfer, and con.'^lt
tofrether; so that nothin^r Hhouhl |>as8 without i
genenil eonsent '".
WEsrrMISSTER 10.
Till- Peninffurh : the Story from Jnxhiia to the tir*t
litHtk iiffhf Chrouiclex, ej-dimirely.
Dr. [Lancehit^ An<Irews. fellow and manter of
Peinhntke Hull in ('ainhrir)gc; then deaii of West-
minster; iifti-r )>isho|i of AVinehwter.
Dr. [.Ifihn] Ovenill. fellow of Trinity CoUep*.
ninsti-r of Kiitheriiie Hull in C;mibridp;e ; thou dean
of St. Paul's : after liishoi. of N<»rwicli.
Dr. Ihiilriiiini"] Saniviiu [D. I>. of Lt'yden.l
Dr. Clarke, fellow of Christ College in Cambridge.
jiniicluT in Canterbury.
<' [Sr ilif kiiii;\ ItltiT I- i>.T«.ii%;t'.liiirr.-i.in-d«) skill m
■ ))■' liMiii]! .if l.'iiiil Hi;:riih- ili.' ili-iirfumiillim-k tungur^
iiiL- hi. jiliifun- Ihiil nlu-iii'ivt tli:it \\n-\ ta*\ 1h* Mrnntli
uii> lur^uiM.:.- >-i ).rr)>. ml (Vil .-li.irp-il t'n M'litt >ucL cb^rrrk.
iHiMiK in till' |'r..vjiiit- .if Vi.rk limiii iin thfv mav limvv nwk
..r « .ii.t.Tl.iir>. ii -li....!.! t- tli>T.'<i|M.n t.'. .Mr UvAi. lit.
rt'MTii->l t'.ir ■ •<< till- tifti- lliiriltri^. IT Dr. Alidrvm'.ilrM
r.nir ,--r...ii, , i,.j.I..i.-.l >i. umI^. ..f Wf^mit.rtif . Uawd. aiarf
Lliii): till' llilili-i .iiiil.-tij-.iiiiti;; .liilt. ttK,^. Wilkin* t'MK.
Ill,- ).i.l>..|» (.. M-.-k ..ui .udi I\. p. 407-]
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
371
Dr. [John] Laifield, fellow of Trinity College in a. d. 1607.
Cambridge, parson of St. Clement Danes. Being
skilled in architecture, his judgment was much
relied on for the fabric of the Tabernacle and
Temple.
Dr. Leigh, archdeacon of Middlesex, parson of
A llhallows-Barking.
Master [Francis] Burgley.
Mr. King.
Mr. Thompson.
Mr. [William] Bedwell, of Cambridge, and (I
think) of St. John*8, vicar of Tottenham nigh Lon-
don ^.
Cambridge 8.
From the first of the Chronicle^\ with the rest 0/ the
Story, and the Hagiographa^ riz. Job, Psalms^
Proverbs^ Canticles, Ecclesiastes.
Master [Edward] Lively, [Hebrew reader at
Cambridge.]
Mr. [John] Richardson, fellow of Emmanuel ; after
D. D. Master first of Peter House, then of Trinity
College.
Mr. [Laurence] Chaderton, after D. D. Fellow
first of Christ College, then master of Emmanuel.
Wood My«, (Ath. III. 329,)
that he u'as the only person
in England with wliom the
profession of Arabic then re-
mained. lie died alMmt 16324
and has written some nrcount
of Tottenham. Amon^; other
lalmum, he iiaiiisted Petro Soave
in his historr of the Council
of Trent, according to Lilly.
Life, p. 34. See also Parr's
Tsher, Liters, pp. 11, 12.]
BbS
< [He was a considerable
Araliic scholar , and employed
to tnuiMJate the letters Kent from
the KuHt to king James. Some
of his Inters are still preserved
in the Rmlleian. See Tanner's
MS. Ixxix. He was prt^sented
to the vicarage of Tottenham,
liy bishop AndreuTi, (see An-
drews' Life, 4to, 1650,) pro-
Uiblv as a reward fiir his la-
hour in translating the Bible.
372 The Church Hutory booe s.
A. i>. 1607. Mr. Dillingham, fellow of Christ College, bene-
— !!!!^ ficed at in Bedfordshire, where he died
a sinf^le and a wealthy man.
Mr. [Roffor] Andrews, after D. I)., brother to the
bishop of Winehester, and master of J<*su8 College.
Mr. Harrison, the reverend vice-master of Trinitv
College.
Mr. [Rol)ert] Spalding, fellow of St. John's in
Cambridge, and IIc»brew professor therein**.
Mr. [Andrew] FJing, fellow of Peter House in
Cambridgt\ an<I Hebrew professor therein. [l>eforp
Spalding.]
Oxford 7.
The four greafrr Prophets^ with (he Lamentaiiams^
and the twelve lesser Prophets.
Dr. [John] Harding, president of Magdalen Col-
lege, [and Hebrew reader in Oxfonl.]
Dr. [John] Reynolds, pn^sident of Coqms Cliristi
College.
Dr. [Tliomas^ Hollan<l, rector of Exeter College.
and king's professor.
Dr. 'Richard I Kilby, rector of Linccdn C«dlege.
and n»gius profrssor, [of Hebrew.]
.Master [Miles' Smith, after D. D. and bishop of
(iloucester. He madr the leaniiHl and religious
pn*fact» to thr tninslati(»n ^
Mr. Richard l)n*tt, of a worshipful faniilj, liene-
lired at Qnaintoii in Buckinghamshin*.
Mr. Fain'lowr, [otherwise called, Daniel Fi*at ley f]
- S«M* iMir ('.ituliM^iit> cif tin* p. ^M^. (*ttlli*tl * iht* verv walk*
lli*l»ri*w Priifi>*«Hi»r5k in Catn- in^ lilirury.* from litn invst ri-
l»riil|{i*. t«i iiKirOial tlifir •»iu*. |H*ritu*Mi in lun^ia|pr». WuimI'a
rt*iuiiiiii. Aih. I. 4(^-]
' [St* Ili-vU II '« Lit'f of l«.iiiil.
CENT. XVII. ofBriiain. S78
Cambridge 7. %li^^
The Prayer of Manasseh^ and the rest of the
Apocrypha.
Dr. [John] Duport, prebend of Ely, and master of
Jesus College ; [professor of Greek in the university
of Cambridge.]
Dr. [William] Brainthwait, first fellow of Emma-
nuel ; then master of (}onvile and Caius College.
Dr. Radcliffe, one of the senior fellows of Trinity
College.
Master [Samuel] Ward, Emmanuel ; after D. D.
Master of Sidney College, and Margaret profiBSsor*
Mr. [Andrew] Downes, fellow of St. John's Col-
lege, and Greek professor.
Mr. [John] Boyse, fellow of St. John's College,
prebend of Ely, parson of Boxworth in Cambridge-
shire ^
Mr. Ward [fellow of Queen's] ; after D. D. Pre-
bend of Chichester, rector of Bishop- Waltbam in
Hampshire.
Oxford 8.
The four GfospeU, Acts of the Apostles ^ Apocalypse.
Dr. [Thomas] Ravis, dean of Christ Church, after-
wards bishop of London.
Dr. [George] Abbot, master of University College,
afterward archbishop of Canterbury.
Dr. [Richard] Eedes, [dean of Worcester.]
Mr. [Giles] Thompson, [aft^^rwards bishop of
filoucestcr.]
Mr. [Henry] Savile.
f [Of thitt Or. John Boiii. Peck's DeMemim CmrioMa, p.
who died 1 4th Jan. 1 643, 11 very 3a5» ed. 4to, 1 799*]
iiniufting life will be found in
BbS
874 The Church Hhtory
A. D. 1607. Dr. John Per}'n, [of C. Church, Greek professor.]
5 Jantw.
Dr. John Ravens, [of Queen's, subdean of Wells,]
Mr. John Ilarmer, [warden of WinchesterCollege.]
Westminster 7.
The Epistles of St. PauU the Canmiical Epistles.
Dr. [William] Barlowe, of Trinity Hall in C*ani-
bridjfe, dean of Chester, after bishop of liincohi.
Dr. Ilutchenson.
Dr. Si>encer ^.
Mr. Fenton.
Mr. Rabbet.
Mr. Sanderson.
Mr. Dakins.
The king*i Now, for the better ordering of their proceedings,
ii>th« bis majesty reconunendiHl the following rules bj
*""''■****' them to be most carefully observed :
i. The ordinary Bible read in the church, com-
monly called the Bishops' Bible, to be followed, and
as little altered as the original will permit.
ii. The names of the prophets and the holj
writers, with the other names in the text, to be
retained as Ui^ar as may be, accordingly as they
are vulgarly use^l.
iii. Tlie old ecclesiastical words to be kept, m.
as the wonl church not to be translated comyre^
tion^ &c.
iv. When any wonl hath divers signiKcations^ thai
to be* kept which hath bi*en most commonly used
by the most eminent fathers, l>eing agreeable to tlie
pntprii'ty of th(* place* and the aimlogy of faith.
K [The fricml f»f Il«Mik(*r. Polity. Siv more of bim \m
wliii rt*|Mil»li<»hi*d tilt* timt tivt* Kt*hl«f'i» |irt>fuce to Iloukct's
Imciki of the KccU'iujutical V/ork», |i. xxii.]
cENT.xTii. ^Britain. 878
y. The division of the chapters to be altered a. D. 1607.
either not at all, or as little as may be, if necessity - *
so require.
vi. No marginal notes at all to be affixed, but
only for the explanation of the Hebrew or Greek
words, which cannot without some circumlocution
so briefly and fitly be expressed in the text.
vii. Such quotations of places to be marginally
set down, as shall serve for the fit reference of one
scripture to another.
viii. Every particular man of each company to
take the same chapter or chapters; and, having
translated or amended them severally by himself
where he thinks good, all to meet together, confer
what they have done, and agree for their part what
shall stand.
ix. As any one company hath dispatched any one
book in this manner, they shall send it to the rest,
to he considered of seriously and judiciously; for
his majesty is very careful in this point.
X. If any company, upon the review of the book
so sent, shall doubt or diflfer upon any places, to
send them word thereof, note the places, and there-
withal send their reasons ; to which if they consent
not, the difference to be compounded at the general
melting, which is to be of the chief persons of each
company, at the end of the work.
xi. When any place of special obscurity is doubted
of, letters to be directed by authority, to send to
any learned in the land, for his judgment in such
a place.
xii. Letters to be sent from every bishop to the
rest of his clergy, admonishing them of this trans-
Bb4
S76 The Church History booe x.
A.i). ifK>:.|atioii in hand ; and to move and charge as manj aft.
•^ ^ being skilful in the tongues, have taken paiim m
that kind, to send his particular obsiTvations to the
company, either at Westminster, Cambridge, or
Oxfonl.
xiii. Tlie din^ctors in each comiMiny to be, the
deans of Westminster and Chester for that place.
and the king's professors in the Hebrew and Greek
in each university.
xiv. Thest» tmnslations to bi^ usetl, when thej
agree In'tter wMth the text than the Bisho|is' Bible.
viz. Tin<lal's, Matthew's, C'ovenlale's, Whitchurch,
tJeneva.
Besides the said directions iK'fore mentioned, three
or four of the most ancient and grave divines in
either of the universities, not employed in trans-
lating, U^ Ik» Jissigne<l by the vice-chancellor, upon
conference with the rest «)f the heads, to be oTer*
sei^rs of the translations, as well Hebrew as Greek,
for the Ix'tter observation of the fourth rule above
sjiecified.
Mr. iJ«eiY 8. The uiitinielv death of Mr. EdwanI Liveiv
* * 0
iMitMti. ^jj,^j^.|| ^^»igi,t of the work lying on his skill in the
Oriental t<»iigues) happening about this time, (happy
that servant whom his master, when he eomeCh,
findeth mi doing.) not a little n^tanlcMl their pn>cee«K
ings. However, the rest vigon)U8ly, thcmgh slowly,
pnK*<*4*de4i in this hanl, heavy, and holy task, nothing
ofl(>ndt*d with the censun*s of ini|>atient |»eople, con*
demning th(*ir delays (though indetKl but due ileli-
lM*nition) for lazin(*ss. Our |K*n for the pn?«4*nt
taketh it^< leave of them, not doubting but mithin
CKST. XVII.
of Britain,
377
two years to pve a good account of them, or rather a. d. 1607
that they will give a good account of themselves ^. '-
^ [•* Four years were spent
" in this first service ; at the
•• end whereof, the whole work
** being finished, and three
'• copies of the whole Bible
'• sent from Cambridge, Ox-
" ford, and Westminster, to
** London, a new choice was
" to be made of six in all, two
** out of every company, to
•• review the whole work, and
•• extract one [copy] out of all
" three, to l)e committed to the
•' j)res8. For the dispatch of
•• which business Mr. Downes
•* and Mr. Bois were sent for
•• up to London ; where meet-
" ing (though Mr. Downes
" would not go till he was
•• either fetched or threatened
" with a pursuivant) their four
•• ffllow-labourers, they went
*' daily to Stationers' Hall, and
" in three quarters of a yt?ar
•• finished their task. All which
" time thev had from the com-
•* p.my of stationers thirty shil-
'• lings each j)er week duly
** |Kiid them ; though they had
'• nothing before but their S4»lf-
'• n'warding ingenious indus-
•* try." Peck, ib. p. 333-4.
Edward Lively, Hebrew pro-
ffHsor in the university of Cam.
brijlgf, and prelnMidary of Pe-
tcrlH>r<»ngh, (lit'd in April, 1605,
and was buried in Surleigh
Churcli ill Kssex. Cole's Ath.
Cant. MSS. L. His sermon
w'As prejiched by Dr. Thomas
Play fare, Margaret professor of
divinity in the university of
(-ambridge, at St. Mary's, May
10. 1605 ; the following extract
from which wrmon, entitled
"The Felicity of the Faithful,"
gives the best description of
this good man : *' This our dear
*• brother, Mr. Edward Lively,
" who now resteth in the Lord»
" had a life which in a manner
" was nothing else but a con-
•* tinual flood of many waters,
" never out of suits of law,
** never-ceasing disquieters of
" his study ; his goods dis-
" trained, and his cattle driven
" off his ground, as Job's was.
'* His dear wife, being not so
*' well able to bear so great a
•' flood as he, even for very
'* sorrow presently died — a la-
•• men table and rueful case !
" so many children to hang
" upon his hand, for which he
" had never maintenance, net-
** ther yet now had stay, his
'• wife being gone. Well, but
*' that sorrou'ful time was
as atv
of th<
" chiefest translators ; and as
** soon as it was known how
" far in this travail he did
*• more than any of the rest,
" he was very well provided
*• for in respect of living ; for
** which my lord his grace of
" Canterbury, [Richard Ban-
'• croft,] now living, is much
" to be reverenced and ho-
*' noured. But being so well
*' to pass, both for himself and
" for his children, suddenly he
" fell sick : he was taken with
" an ague and a quinsey l><»tli
" together. The quinsey lK*ing,
" both by himself and his
" friends, not greatly regarfli*d.
" within four days to«ik away
" blown over. He was at).
" pointed to be one of the
378
The Church Hhtory
BOOK I.
K. D. i^o;. In tlio translating of the Bible, one of the eminent
-:-l- perscais eniploviMl therein was tranHlate<l into a btUter
if i>r. Jtfv- nte, VIZ.
3. Doetor John IleynohK king*ft profewior in Ox-
fonl, born in Devonshire, with bishop Jewel and Mr.
Hooker, and all three bred in Corpns C*hristi (*ol-
lege in Oxford. No one eounty in Knglaiid hare
thn»e sueh men, (oontemporarv' at largi» \) in wliat
college 8f)evt»r they were brtMl ; no college in Eng-
land bred sueh three men, in what eountv scievfr
thev wert? Inini.
4. This John Uevnolds at the first was a zealoiu
papist, whilst William his bnither was as eanit^t i
proti'staut : and afterwards Pn^videnee so tmlereii
it. that by thrir mutual disputation John lleynold^
turned an eminrnt protestant« and William an inve-
terate papist, in which persuasion he died.
iioiMiiik*r.
t>
«•
• «
*•
•' liis lift*. Hi* u;i?» |>r.»r»'«»M»r
*' pfthi' Ilcliri'u ti»ii}:iu* ill tlii.H
" iiiiivi*rNit\ tliirM mmf^. as hin
** f:ithi r-iii.lau. I)i Larkyii,
liiiil hvvu j»ri.f»'sMir «»f |ihy»»ii"
tivi* i»r six :iiul tli>ri\ xrars.
llt> \v:is iijHin tliriT >ct>ri'
\t'ar!t old ulicii Ik* (li«'i). ilf
wrnii' a IxNik of aniicitatioiih
ii)N»n tlir tir^t tivt> ^iiiall ])n»-
|»lirt*. [Loinl. 15M7, Svo,] ilf-
'* iliratril to that ^ri«at iKitrtm
*' of ItMriiiii;: and U'urni*d iiumi,
** Mr Francis W.iUiiitjIiain. Hut
** ill iiiiiK* o|iiiiion he tiMik
•• ;:r*'at»'M |»;iiii^ in lii^ <'hrt»-
" iii*ln;'\ . uliii'li li«' di'dii'atrd
•• to Dr J. Wliit'jift. tlir rrvi»-
" r«*nd l.iti' .irrlilii«>iliii)i of Caiu
*' tfrliur\ Tli:^ IhMik. indrrd,
" is full of liiililrii ItMriiiii'j,
" .mil ^lif^iftli iiihiiiti* n-.i .in;i
*' \\\ o|«irii-« 'I'lic '^iiiit' au-
thor savK thut *' ihis ^«hnI
** HUM Ml iinxiciiia in |in»iiioCiay:
'* th(* Iniii^lutioii uf the Bihlr.
" thut often ttnir*. in maaf
'* inen'tt hearin^r. he |iitiCe«trd
" he had nit her die than br
" iuiy way iiegliirent henrio :
** which. UA Mime think, by all
** likelihtNid ciuiie inderd ao to
** IKisM : ti) wit, that to» ear-
" iu*j«t htudy and luini aboat
*' the tniniilation ha»t«iird hit
** death, and bniughl it aa
** MMiner." I'luyfare'i Serimma.
t*tl- i^'3.^> V4d. II. p. 30i>, aq.
There in a very intemtiii|t Wt.
ter written by Livelv tu arvk-
bihho|i Whititift. Milidtiu|t for
the prebend «>f Petcrborooitb.
uinon^c the Ilarl. MSS.]
* lie wan bacbvkir of affU
U-lore biidiup Jewd'a iWatll.
^EKT. XTii. f/f' Britain. 879
This gave the occasion to an excellent copy ofA.D. 1607.
rerses, concluding with this distich : -^ "°^'
Qiiod fftfifi^ hoc ptiffntp est f ubi victui gaudet utcrque^
Et simul alteruter se super atse dolet,
•• What war is this ? when conqtier'd both are glad.
And either to have conquered other sad.'*'
Daniel saith, Mnnji shall run to and fro^ and
cnotrMge .shall he increased ^. But here indeed was
I strange transcursion, and remarkable the effects
hereof.
5. His memory was little less than miraculous, Hm admir-
le himself l)eing the truest table to the multitude Il,Jd Ji^.
)f voluminous books he had read over, whereby ho
•ouhl readily turn to all material passages in every
t*af, page, volume, paragraph — not to descend lower,
o lines an<l letters. As his memorj' was a faithful
n<lex, so his reason was a soli<l judex of what he
ead. Ilis humility set a lustre on all, (admirable
hat the whole should be so low, whose several parts
vere so high,) communicative of which he knew to
jiy that di»sirtMl infonnation herein, like a tree
oa<len with fniit, bowing doM'u its branches to all
hat d(»sired to ease it of the burden thereof, deserv-
ng this epitaph :
Inccrtum est utrum doctior an melior.
6. Ilis <lisaHbction to the discipline establisIuMl in.MiMtonn.
England was not s<» gn»at as some bishops did sus- hi. pructkli
ect, or as nion* nonconformists did bidieve. No^J^j^Jj^^
oubt he <lt»sire<l the abolishing of some ceremonies '■''*'^^"^
for till* (»ase of the conscience of others) to which in
^ Cliup. xii. vtT. 4.
iiHO
The Chunh Hhtori^
BOOE 1.
ro;. liin own practice he did willingly submit, eonstantlj
!lL.\vi*ariii^ hood and surplico, and kni*oling at the
sacnmuMit. On his dratli-bcMl he oaniestiv desin?J
ahsohition, arocmiinf? to the fonn of the church of
fMijifhind, and re<'eive<l it from doctor Holland, whow
hand he aft'ectionately kiswd ' in expn»s»4ion of the
joy 1h» n»ceived thereby. Doctor Featly made hi«»
funenil (»nition in the c<dlejre, sir l^^aac Wake in the
university "'.
.lie 7- Ab<int this time Mr. Jcdni M<dK\ ;joveni«ir to
h
^. the lord Hoss in his tnivels, Ik^^u his unhapftv
jtmrnt'v bevoiid the sc^as. Tliis Mr. Molle was Iwni
in or near S(»uth Alolton in Devon. His youth im«
most spent in France, where Ixith by aca and land
he gained nuich dan^ifenms ex|H'rience. (hut* lh«»
ship he sailed in sprun<r a leak, when^in he and all
his company had piTi^^hiMl, if an Hollander. (iMtuml
for (■nernsey,) pa«*sin;r very near, had not s|HH?«liW
tak(>n th(*m in : which dont*. their ship sunk imme-
diately. BeiiiiT treasurer fi»r sir Thomori ShirleT. of
the KndiHh annv in Itrittanv. he was in tlie defeat
of Cambray woimdcil. taken prisoner, ami rans«mie<ii;
Providence dcsi^rnjnir Inm neither to Ih* swalli»we«l
Dr. <'r;u*kriitli(»r[i in his
l)t*f«*ii^ii» Kivl. An;: I. c. ^Hy.
"* jOr uliirh :iii Kii;:li^li
tr.iiiHl.it inn w.ii |»rint(Ml li\ nnr
autliiir in liii .\tH*l Iti-fl.. LitV
iif Dr. Itrwinlds. |i 4>;J. Ot*
Dr. It«*vn-*1«U' i'i>iifi»rinit\ Ut
fill* rhuii'ii ot' Kn^l.iiitl. tli«*
ttMiniiin\ of ('r.ikrntlii)r]M-
.iliini' uiimM 111- «>iirt'irii lit, uIhi
■mi iiitiiii.itr uiih l{<'\ni)liU,
.ind f»ri«jin ill\ ln-lil (lir n.iiiu*
|iriii(*i)ili'*». Ill till* f.irlirr )i.irt
• •f liin lifi\ (mv WinnI'h .\tli. I.
4<)t :) hut the |WMiii|nn qu»4«i
fr«»ni hin wrilinp». in pnnif of
\u% ciinfiirmitv. bv CrvkrA
thorfH*. in thi* " IX*fmuo Ec-
" drstir. \c." must decide th«-
<|ni*f»ti<in ; more e»|iecUllT a*,
in uihlitiiin to the«4* anthttnticv.
ht* quotes a letter, at that limr
in hiH own {MwieMiion, uf Ilr
Hewiohls to urchhinhop Kin.
iTot't. wherein the IXicttir ei-
jii.'VH'N \\'t% entire cnafnrmitTte
the ihK'trine and diaripliMe oi
the church «if Kn|claiid.]
TENT. XVII. of Britain. 881
by the surges nor slain by the sword, but in due a. d. 1607,
time to remain a landmark of Christian patience to A.
all posterity. At last he was appointed by Thomas
earl of Exeter, who formerly had made him examiner
in the council of the north, to be governor in travel
to his grandchild, the lord Ross ; undertaking the
charge with much reluctancy, (as a presage of ill
success,) and with a profession and a resolution not
to pass the Alps.
8. But a vagary took the lord Ross to go to Rome, Hu nd
though some conceive this motion had its root in
mort» mischievous brains. In vain doth Mr. MoUe
dissuade him, grown now so wilful he would in some
sort goveni his governor. What should this good
man do ? To leave him, were to desert his trust ;
to go along with hiin, was to endanger his own life.
At last his affections to his charge so prevailed
against his judgment, that, unwillingly willing, he
went with him. Now, at what rate soever they
rode to Ftome, the fame of their coming came thither
l)efore tlu»in ; sf) that no sooner had they entered
their inn, but officers asked for Mr. Molle, took and
carrie<l him to the inquisition-house, where he re-
mained a prisoner, whilst the lord Ross was daily
fc»5i>ted, favoured, entertained : so that some will
not stick to say, that here he changed no religion
for a bad one.
9. However, such Mr. Molle's glorious constancy, Hb con-
itftiiCT in
that whilst he lookiMl forward on his cause, and Um* inqui-
upwards to his crown, neither frights nor flattery
could make any impression on him. It is question-
able whether his friends did more pity his misery
or admire his patience. The pretence and allegation
of his so long and strict imprisonment was liccaum^
382 The Chunk History book \.
i^»o7.lio had transIatiMl Thi IMt»ssis his IkwjIc of '*Tlio VW-
*' hillty of the ('him»h" out of Frt»iich into Kiiglish;
but bosl<lo8, tht»n» were other contrivances thervin,
not so fit for a public relation. In vain did hit
friends in Kngland, though great and many, endem-
Your his enhirgenient by exchange for one or moe
Jesuits or priests, who were prisoners here ; fnpifCB
)»ehohling this Mtdle as a man of a thousand, who,
if discharged the inquisition, might give an accounc
'of Romish cruidty to their great disadvantage.
m\\\ 10. In all the time of his durance he never heard
*""** from anv friend, nor anv fnmi him« bv w«ird or
V • •
letter " ; no Kuglishmau being ever iMTmittetl to kv
him, s:ive oulv one, viz. Mr. Walter Stricklaml, of
Hovntoii House in Vorkshin*. With verv much dc^re
and industry, he procured leave to visit him, aii Iridi
friar being appointed to stand by and lie a witneM
of their dis<Miurst». HtTe he rt^maine^I thirty veai*
in n^tniint, and in the eighty-first year of his age
die<l a prisoner, and constant confi^ssiir of Christ hi«
cause*", (iod be niagnifie<l in and for the suflTeriiigs
of his saints I
Mith 11. In this year Kichard Vaughan, doctor of divi*
nity, bre<l in St. John's College in Cambridge, mr-
cessively bishop of Bangor, (*hester, and London.
endiMl \\\^ life : a corpulent man. but spiritually
niind(MK Mich his integrity not to Ih« l>4)wed (though
forei* wa** not wanting) to any Imse connivaiict* Ki»
wrong the (*hurch he was placed in. IIi» many
virtut*s made hi'i loss to hv nmch lH*m<Hined P.
t* >.i .1111 I iiitnnii.d |i\ ;i Liinl i^);H. FiilWi WiirtliMv.
trlti r t'rniii .Mr llc>iir\ .Mitlli*. |». -.>o.;
\\\% Mill. I' [A Lift* «if thu |iffvklr. bi
" .\biiiit (ill- )iMt tit niir iirc)ilM!ih«»p U'lllianu, ha
laii.
(KST. XVII. of Britain, 888
12. Greater was the CTief which the death of^. p.'^oy.
master Tliomas Brightman caused to the disaffectore
of the church discipline of Endand. He was bom !«"»•» w«th
and breed-
in the to^^n of Nottingham, bred in Queen's College ing.
in Cambridge, where a constant opposition, in point
of judgment about ceremonies, was maintained be-
tween him and doctor Meryton, afterwards dean of
York. Here he filled himself with abilities for the
ministry, waiting a call to vent himself in the
country.
13. It happene<l this very time that sir John, mm a patron
to Mr. Peter Osborne *>, (both lovers of learned and **'*™'*^**
go<Uy men,) not only bought and restored the rectory
of IIawnc*s in Bedfordshire (formerly alienated) to
the church, but also built thereon from the ground
a fair house, which he furnished with fitting utensils
for the future incumbent thereof. This done, at his
desire of an able minister, doctor Whitaker recom-
mended master Brightman unto him, on whom sir
John not only freely conferred the living, but also
the profits of two former years, which the knight
iniied at his own cost, and kept in his ]K>ssession.
14. Here Mr. Brightman employed himself, both EuspckiM
by prc»aching and writing, to advance God's glory mMtcr
an<l the good of the church: witness his learned ]J|^*"
coniiiH»nts, in most pure Latin, on the Canticles and****-
Rc'vc^Iation ; though for the latter greatly grudged
at <»n sevenil accounts'":
lain, is prc^servetl anion*; the borne, author of the Traditional
Iliirleian MSS., 6495. See Memoirs of Elisalieth and
also sir J. Harrington'n Cata- James I. ; who aliio had a son
\i**z\w of Hishoihi, p. 48. He named John, probably from hit
died of an aiM)p]e\y, and wok grandfather. See WimmI's Ath.
succihmUmI by l)r. Havis, dean vol. I. p. 706.!
of Christ Church.] ■* [1. " Scholia in Canticuni
n [Father to Francis Os- *' Canticorum. Explicatio par-
.'384
The Chnnh HUtonf
BOOK \
n. ifio;. i. For the title thertnif, eoiiceiveil too iiiiiolent for
"***^* anv on'atun* to affix — " A lli^velatioii of the Reve-
'* latioii ;** except iininetliate iiiH|>imtioiu which maiie
the hK*k, had ^iveii the key unto it.
ii. For biMiig over-]>(»sitive in his iiiter|)ii*tatioi»;
the rather lK*caiise the revertMul Mr. Calvin himself.
XnAwff <lenian(le<l his opinion of some |ia»»a|re<i in the
Kevehition« (as a h'ariied man reporteth \) aiiswervH
in^MiuousIy. ** that lie knew not at all what <i)
'* obscHire a writer meant."
iii. For oYer-partieuiarizinpf in |K'rsonal oxpositioiK
applying; several an^reU mcntitmoil therein to the
K>nl from well, archbishop Cranmer, Cecil Ion! Bur-
ley, &c. • ; such n»strictiveness being unsuitable with
the large eonceniment of sc*ripture: a.*4 if EnglaixL
half an island in the western comer, were more coo-
8iderable than all tlu> world l>esides, and the theatre
wluTeon so much should bt* |H*rfomie<l ".
iv. In n*s(Mnbling the church of Kngland to luke-
warm Ijiiodicea. praising and preferring the purity of
foreign protestaiit cliurclu»s.
'* tin iiltinur i*t (Iirticilliiii:i* pro.
" pliftia* Danicli^." Ii:i<«il. 1^114.
Svd.
2. •• .\|nKMl\|i«ii!4 A|MN*:ilyp-
•• M**!-*. ill t*«it. A]NKMlypois I).
** Ji 1.111111^ Aii.ilysi I't Scholiis
" illustrate." Krani'of. i6o<>.
4t«i. '
* liiHliiKis in Ills MviIkmIuh
IIiHtiif rhiip. vii. p. ;io. Aiiint.
l^^ .;
* ("liip xiv \iT. |S. Iff
iii.ikrtli .iri iiKi<i)if»p ('r.iiiiiitT
till* ;tiii;«'I til li.i\«' p'l^trr liiiT
thi* tir«' : ;iiiil (cli.ip wi. vi-r ^i
111* ii.aki*« Willi.iiii <Vnl. liinl
tn^u^iirrr nf hln^laiiil, tlu* an|Si*l
of the H-aten. (if lord
it had Imhmi more pniper.) jiu.
tifyiii); the |iouriD(e init of thr
third viul.
** [(Voiii\i-t*ll. in his ca|«citT
(»f vii*iir*|(rneral, he tnakn to
Ik* thi* anp*l with tbr ibarp
Mckli*. lU'v. xir. 1 7. Snr p
.^r/>. Andrinui Kuda"tm««Jo»
haiiii«*H. tt JiHiiiit« fitmiiiu for
hi^ ilcfi'iicv of father (tarvcC.
uTotc ail unkWfr to Brigtht-
iuan\ licNik. entitlifd. " (V
" t!atio AiMicalT|Mitt Apondfp-
'* Mf<r« 'I hi una* Brigntmaui
" Angli." I'ol. Agrip. 1611
I 2 mo J
c'RMT. XVII. (if Britain. 886
Indeed his daily discourse was against episcopal a. d. 1607.
goveniment, which he declared would shortly be
pulled down. He spake also of great troubles which
would come uj>on the land ; of the destruction of
Rome, and the universal calling of the Jews, affirm-
ing, that some then alive should see all these things
effected.
15. However, his life was most angelical, by the Hit angii.
confession of such who in judgment dissented from
him. His manner was always to carry about him a
Gn^ek Testament, which he read over every fort-
night, reading the Gospels and the Acts the first,
the Kpistles and the Apocalypse the second week.
He was little of stature, and (though such commonly
choleric) yet never known to be moved with anger;
and therefore, when his pen falls foul on Romish
superstition, his friends account it zeal, and no
passion.
16. His desire was to die a sudden death, if God Hit
so plea8€»d, surely not out of opjuysition to the Eng-
lish liturgy praying against the same, but for some
n*asons Ix'st known to himself. Ciod granted him
his desin\ — a death sudden in respect of the short-
ness of the time, though premeditated on and prc-
pare<I for by him who waite<l for his change, and,
b(>ing a watchful soldier, might be assaulted, not
8ur]>rise<l ; for, riding in a coach with sir John Os-
txirne. and rt^ading of a book, (for he would lose no
time,) he fainted, and, though instantly taken out in
a ser>'antV arms, and set on his lap on an hillock, all
means affordable at that instant being used for his
riTovery, died on the place, on the twenty-fourth of
August, and is buried in the chancel of Hawnea,
( reverend doctor Bulkley preaching his funeral
ki;llbr, vol. v. v. 0
886 The Church HiMtwry book i.
A. D. I A07. sermon,) after he had faithfully fed his flock therein
^ ""^ for fifteen years.
Miiencewtt 17. He was a constant student, much troubled
toteUi.*^'^ before his death with obstructions both of the liver
•*"*• and galK and is supposed by physicians to have died
of the latter, al)out the fifty-first year of his age:
and now, no <]oubt, he is in the number of those
virgins who were not defiled with women^ and foOair
the Lamb whithersoerer He yoeth * ; — who always led
a single life, as preferring a IkmI unfilled before a bed
undefiled. This my intelligence I have received by
letter, from my worthy friend lately gone to GoA
master William Duckly, Imchelor of divinity, and
once fellow of Queen*s College in Cambridge, who.
living hard by Ha^^nes, at Clifton, at my requert
diligently inquired, and returned this his ehmracter
from aged, credible ]H.*rsons familiar with master
Bright man.
18. This year silently slipped away in peace,
plenty, and pro8]K'rity, being ended before eflbe-
tually bi*gun, as to any memorable church*mmtter
then>in. In<ieiMl all the reign of king James was
U^tter for one to live under than to write of, con-
sisting of a champion of constant tranquillity, with-
out any tumours of trouble to entertain poaterity
with.
AnMtibr 19* In the imrliament now sitting at W
Collier. Hter ^ (in whc»se {larallel convocation nothing of
se<|uenct\) the most remarkable thing enacted
the art made to enable the provost and fellows of
ChelM*a College to dig a trench out of the river
■ R«fv. xiT. 4.
T [The pttrliuneot IwgBn iU •itlings in PebniHj.J
CENT. XVII. ofBriiain. S87
Left, to erect engines, water-works. Sec. to convey a. d. 1609.
and carry water in close pipes under ground, unto ^ *"^'
the city of London and the suburbs thereof, for the
|)erpetual maintenance and sustentation of the pro-
vost and fellows of that college, and their successors,
by the rent to be made of the said waters so con-
veyed*. Where, first lighting on the mention of
this college, we will consider it in a fourfold capa-
citjK 1. As intended and designed. 2. As growing
and advanced. 8. As hindered and obstructed.
4. As decaying, and almost, at the present, ruined.
I shall crave the reader pardon, if herein I make
excursions into many years, but without discom-
posing of our chronology on the margin ; because it
is my desire, though the college be left imperfect,
to finish and complete my description thereof, so far
as my best intelligence will extend ; being herein
beholding to doctor Samuel Wilkinson, the fourth
and present provost of that college, courteously
communicating unto me tho considerable rec>ords
thereof.
20. It was intended for a spiritual garrison, with The i^iory
a magazine of all books for that purpose, where ugn.
leanied divines should study and write in mainte-
nance of all controversies against the papists. In-
deed the Romanists herein may rise up and condemn
those of the protestant confession ; for, as Solomon
used not his militar)' men for any servile work in
buihiing the temple, whereof the text assigneth this
reason, /or fhej^ frere men of war \ so the Ronn'sh
' [ThiM act in printed in principally derived from our
Stow'n Survey of Ixindon, vol . i . author.]
p. 165, where there in also some * 2 Chron. viii. 9.
MC(*ount of thiM colle^. but
cc 2
388 The Church History book x.
A. D. ifioQ. church doth not burden their profeflBon with presch-
^ ^in^, or any parochial incumbrances, but
them only for polemical studies : whereas in Eng-
land the same man reads, preacheth, catechiseth,
disputes, delivers sacraments, &c. So that, were it
« not for God's marvellous blessing on our studiei^
and the infinite mlds of truth on our side, it were
im]>ossible, in human probability, that we should
hold up the bucklers against them. Besides the
study of divinity, at the least two able historians
« were to be maintained in this college, faithfully and
learnedly to reconl and publish to posterity all
memorable passages in church and commonwealth.
Kingjamn 21. lu pursuftuce of this dcsigu, his majesty in-
inunaud coq>orateil the said foundation, by the name of king
'*'*"'* James his college in Chelsea, and bestowed on the
same, by his letters patents, the reversion of good
land in Chelsea, then in possession of Charles earl
of Nottingham, the lease thereof not expiring till
alK>ut thirty years hence; and also gave it a capacity
to receive of his loving subjects any lands, not
exceetling in the whole the yearly value of three
thousand ]»ounds.
i>r. Hut- 22. Next king James let me place Dr. Matthew
b^nty. Sutclift*e, dean of P^xeter; who, though no prince by
birth, seems little less by his bounty to thb college.
As Arnunah, but a private subject, gave things (u m
king ^ to (UhYh servi(*i% such the rojral liberality of
this d<K*tor, tn'stckwing on this college the farms of
t. Kingston, in the parish of Staverton. ii. Has*
zanl. in the |mrish of llarberton. iii. Appleton, in
the |»arish of (1iur(*hstow. iv. Kramerland, in the
** i Sum- x&iv. 2'\*
CENT. xvii. of Britain, 389
parish of Stoke-Rivere ; — all in the couDty of Devon, a. I).i6o9.
and, put together, richly worth three hundred pounds J
per annum.
Besides these, by his will, dated Nov. 1, 1628, he
bequeathed unto Dr. John Prideaux and Dr. Clifford,
(as feofTees in trust, to settle the same on the col-
lege,) the benefit of the extent on a statute of four
thousand pounds, acknowledged by sir Leuis Stuke-
ley, &c. ; a bountiful benefaction, and the greater,
because the said doctor had a daughter, and she
children of her own. And although this endowment
would scarce make the pot of pottage seethe for the
sons of the prophets S yet what feasts would it have
n)adc in his private family, if continued therein !
Seeing, therefore, so public a mind in so private a
man, the more the pity that this good doctor was
deserte<J, Uriah-like **, engaged in the forefront to
fight alone against an army of diflliculties which he
encountered in this design ; whilst such men basely
retired from him, which should have seasonably suc-
coured an<l seconded him in this action.
23. The fabric of this college was begun on aTbenme.
jiiece of ground called Thameshot, containing about
six acres, and then in possession of Charles earl of
Nottingham, who granted a lease of his term
tlier(»in to the said provost, at the yearly rent of
81'ven pounds ten shillings. King James laid the *
first st()nt» thereof, and gave all the timber requisite
thereunto, which was to be fetched out of Windsor
Forest ; and yet that long range of building, which
alone is extant, scarce finished at this day, (thus
made, though not of free-stone, of free-timber,) as I
c 2 KingH iv. 3S, 39. ** a Sam. xu 15.
c c S
890 The Church Hiitary booh x.
A.I). 1609. am informed, cofit (O the dearness of church and
I —
— *°^ college work !) fiill three thousand pound. But,
alas! what is this piece (not an eighth part) to a
double quadrant, besides wings on each side, which
was intended ? If the aged fathers, which remem-
bered the magnificence of Solomon's, wept at the
meanness of the second temple % such must needs
be sad which consider the disproportion betmixt
what was {)erformed and what was projected in this
college ; save that I confess that the destruction of
beautiful buildings, once really extant, leave greater
impressions in inen*s minds than the miscarriages of
only intentional structures, an<l the faint ideas of
such future things as are probably propounded, bat
never effected.
Tbefim 24. And here we uill insert the number and
pforoit Mid
ftUoirt. names of the provost and first fellows, (and some of
them probable to be last fellows, as still surviving,)
as they were ap))ointed by the king himself, anno
1610« May 8th :
Matthew SutclifTe, dean of Exeter, provost.
i. John Overall, dean of St. Paul's.
ii. Thomas Morton, dean of Winchester.
iii. Richard Field, dean of Gloucester ^
\
iv. RolM*rt Abbot.
V. John S|)ensi»r.
vi. Miles Smith.
vii. William Covell. ) doctors of divinity.
viii. John llowson. :
ix. John I^vfield. >
X. BiMi. Cliarrier.
* Kxrm iii. 13.
' [Author of tbr B^miIc of the Church.]
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 891
xi. Martin Fotherby. ^ a. a 1609.
xii. John Boys.
xiii. Richard Brett. ) doctors of divinity.
xiv. Peter Lilye.
XV. Francis Burley.
xvi. Wiiliam Hellier, archdeacon of Barnstable.
xvii. John White, fellow of Manchester College ^.
William Cambden, clarencieux. 1 1 . . .
ybistonans.
John Haywood, doctor of law. J
See, here, none who were actual bishops were
capable of places in this college; and when some
of these were afterwanls advanced to bishoprics,
others translatecl to heaven, king James by his new ^
letters patent, 1622, Nov. 14, substituted others in
their room ; amongst whom the archbishop of Spa-
lato (but no more than dean of Windsor in England)
wa.s most remarkable.
25. To advance this work, his majesty, anno l6l5,Theking
hit leciera
sent his ietti^rs to the archbishop of Canterbury, to to tiMu«fa.
stir up ail the clergy in his province to contribute tOhbto^Uie
so pious a work, according to the tenor thereof here***^®***
inw»rti»d :
" Whereas the enemies of the gospel have ever
** lK*eii forward to write and ])ublish books for con-
'* finning of erroneous doctrine and im]mgning the
** tnitli, aii<l now of late seem more careful than
** l)efor(» to send daily into our realms such their
'• writings, whereby our loving subjects, though other-
*' wisi» wril disposed, might he se<luced, unless some
'' remedy thereof should l^e provided : We, by the
K [Most (if tlii'M' |K*rs(>ns hud tieeii employed in Iranidaling
the HihU-. I
r c 4
Ci
M
i€
«4
M
CC
iC
392 The Church History booh x.
A. D. 1609. ** advice of our council, have lately granted a cor-
^" poration, and given our allowance for erecting a
college at Chelsea, for learned divines to be em-
ployed to MTite, as occasion shall require, for
maintaining the religion professed in our king-
doms, and confuting the impugners thereof. Where-
** upon Dr. SutclifTe, designed provost of the said
college, hath now humbly signified unto us, that
upon divers promises of help and assistance towards
** the erecting and endowing the said college, he
hath at his own charge begun and well proceeded
in building, as doth sufficiently appear by a good
])art thereof already set up in the place appointed
for the same. We therefore, being willing to
** favour and further so religious a work, will and
** require you to write your letters to the bishops of
^ your province, signifying unto them in our name
•• that our pleasure is they deal with the clergy, and
^ others of their <liocese, to give their charitable
•• benevolence for the |)erfecting of this good work,
•* so well begun. An<l for the better {lerfonnaiice of
our desire, we have given order to the said provost
and his a8S<M*iutc^ to attend you and otlM^rn, unto
'* whom it may ap|)ertain, and to certify us from time
•• to time of their proci^ing."
[Tlietford, the 5th of May, l6l6,]
A ropy of this his majesty *s letter was sent to all
the t>iHho|>s of Kngland, with the art*hbishops ^ addi-
tional letter, in onler as followeth :
*' Now lNH*auw* it is so pious anil religious a work*
** conducing both to (icMrs glor}' and the saving of
««
««
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 89S
"many a soul within this kingdom, I cannot but A- J- *^
*• wish that all devout and well-affected persons
** should, by yourself and the preachers in your dio-
" cese, as well publicly as otherwise, be excited to
** contribute in some measure to so holy an intend-
" ment, now well begun. And although these and
** the like motions have been frequent in these
•* later times, yet let not those whom God hath
•* blessed with any wealth be weary of well-doing,
^^ that it may not be said, that the idolatrous and #
" su|>erstitious papists be more forward to advance
" their falsehoods than we are to maintain God's
*• truth.
*• Whatsoever is collected, T pray your lordship
•* may be carefully brought unto me, partly that it
" pORs not thn)ugh any defrauding hand, and partly
'* that his majesty may be acquainted what is done
" in this lx.»half.
'* Your Lordship's, fcc."
Vet, for all these hoj>eful endeavours and collec-
tions in all the parishes of England, slow and small
wore tin? sums of money brought in to this work.
Many of them were scattered out in the gathering
tlieni up, the charges of the collectors consuming
till' profit thereof. If (as it is vehemently suspected)
any of these collections lx» but detained by private
l»ersons, 1 conceive it no trespass against Christian
i'liarity, to wish that the |)ockets which keep such
nion(*y may rot all their suits that wear them, till
thcv make true restitution thereof.
2(). Various arc* men's conjectures (as directed Divwi opU
l»v their own interest) what obstructed so ho|)efuli),i^iiig
S94 The Chunk HuUMiy bom \.
A.I). irK>9.pro€ee<ling8, and it is safer for me to recite all thu
"._'!L"!!l- resolve on any of them.
ofUietM? Some ascribe it to,
i. Tlie coninion fatality which usually attends
noble undertakings ; as partus octimestres^ children
bom in the eighth month are always not long-IiTed,
so good projects quickly (*xpire.
ii. The untimely death of prince Henry, our prin*
% ci|)al hope, and the chief author of this design'.
If so,
Eruhuit Domino Jinniui e$$$ iuo.
The modest college blushed to be stronger
Than wun its lord ; he dead, it liv*d no longer.
But, u]K>n my serious perusal of the records of this
college, I find not so much as mention of the name
I of prince Henry, Vi» in any degree visibly contributiTe
thereunto.
iii. The large, loose, and lax nature thereof, no one
prime )>ersim (SutditTe excepte<l. whose shoulders
sunk under the wt*ight thenM)f ) zealoiuily engaging
therein : king James his maintenance amounting Co
little mon^ than countenance of the work. Hiose
childrc^n will have thin cha|>R and lean cheeks who
liave everv ImnIv, and yet nohocly, nurses unto them.
iv. Tlip original means of the college, principally
foundetl on tlu» fluid and unconstant element, (on-
stable as water,) the riMit of a New River, when
made ; which at the U'st, thus employed, was beheM
but iLs a n*ligious mono|K>Iy. And sc*eing that design
then to4ik no rfli^-t, (though afteru*ants, in another
> Colli iniiuti«>ii i>f Sttiu\ Survey nf Ltmdun, p. 533.
LKNT. XVII. of Britain, 895
notion and nature, it was perfected,) no wonder ifA.D. 1609.
the college sunk with the means thereof.
V. Some of the greatest prelates i, (how much
self is there in all men !) though seemingly forward,
n.*ally remiss in the matter; suspecting these con-
troversial divines would be looked on as the prin-
cij)al champions of religion, more serviceable in the
church than themselves, and haply might acquire
privileges prejudicial to their episcopal jurisdiction.
vi. The jealousy of the universities, beholding this
design with susj>icious eyes, as which in process of
time might prove detrimental unto them ; two
breasts, Cambridge and Oxfonl, being counted suffi-
cient for England to suckle all her children with.
vii. The suspicion of some patriots and commoners
in parliament, such as carried the keys of country-
men's coflers under their girdles, (may I safely report
what I have heard from no mean mouths ?) that this
college wouhl Ik? too much courtier ; and that the
•livinity, but especially the history thereof, would
'\aKwfii(^€iVy propend too nmch in favour of king
James, and report all things to the disadvantage of
the subject. Wherefore, though the said patriots
in parliament countenanced the act, (as counting it
no policy publicly to cross the project of king James,
eH|H*cially as it was made popular with so pious a
plausibility,) yet, when returned home, by their sus-
picious items and j)rivate instructions, they beat off
and retarded j)eople's charities thereunto. Tlie same
conceived this foundation su)>erfluous, to keep men
to confuti» popish opinions by writings, whilst the
J This fifth and sixth oh. iiiU8t paHS for coni|)uiij sake,
struct ion Hi^nify nothing to und are alleged by M>ine at
clis<T»'ft men, however thev very material.
896 The Church Huiary booi x.
A.n. i6o9.inaiiitaincr8 of them were every where conniTed at
7 %nw%. ^^^j countenanced, and the penal Iaw*8 not pat in
any effectual execution against them.
viii. Its iKMug begun in a bad time, when the
world swarmed with prowling projectors and neces-
sitous courtierK, contriving all ways to get monieiL
We know that even honest persons, if strangers, and
casually comhig along with the company of thoae
who are bad, contract a suspicion of guilt in the
opinions of those to whom they are unknown ; and
it was the unhappiness of this innocent, yea, uaefal
good design, that it appeared in a time when so
many monopolies were on foot.
ix. Some great churchmen, who were the moiv
backwanl l>ecause Dr. Sutcliife vras so forward
therein. Such as had not freeness enough to go
before him, had fn)wanlness too much to come after
him in so good a design; the rather because they
distasted his person and opinions. Dr. SutcliflTe being
a known rigid an ti- remonstrant, and, when old, Terr
morosi' aii<l testy in his writings against them : an
infirmity which all ingenuous |>eople tvill pardon in
him, that Iio|h» and desire to attain to old age them-
selves.
Thus havr [ o[>ene<l my wares, with sundry
of commcNlitii's therein, assigning thofie
which I liavi* <*itlH*r ri*ad or heanl from prime men
of M*vrnil intert*sts, and am confident that in the
variety. yc»a, contniriety of judgments nowadajs, even
thoM* vrry HMiKons, which an* cast away by M>me m
weak and frivnlouN will Ik* taken up, yea, preferred
bv others sis ni(»st satisfactorv and sulMtaiitiah
27. At this pn*sc*nt it hath but little of the
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 897
and nothing of the jewel, for which it was intended ; a. d. 1609.
almost rotten before ripe, and ruinous before it was ^ "°^
finished. It stands bleak, like a lodge in a garden
of cucumbers, having plenty of pleasant water (the
Thames) near it, and store of wholesome air about
it, but very little of the necessary element of earth
belonging unto it. Yea, since I am informed, that
seeing the college taketh not effect according to the
desire and intent of the first founders, it hath been
decreed in chancery, by the joint consent of Dr.
Daniel Featly, the third provost of this college, and
Dr. John Prideaux, the surviving feoffee intrusted in
Dr. Suteliffe's will, that the foresaid farms of King-
ston, liazzard, and Appleton, should return again to
the {mssession of Mr. Ilalce, as the heir-general to
the said Dr. Sutcliffe : on what consideration, let
others inquire ; it is enough to persuade me it was
done in equity, because done by the lord Coventry
in the high court of Chancery. So that now only
the fann of Kramerland, in Devonshire, of Sut<;liffe*s
donation, remains to this college. All I will add is
this : as this college was intended for controversies,
w> now there is a controversy about the college,
costly suits being lately commenced lietwixt William
lonl Mounston (who married the widow of the afore-
said earl of Nottingham) and the present provost
theriK)f, about the title of the very ground whereon
it is situated.
28. Three bishops, all Oxford men, ended their The d«rtii
nf liiahniM
lives this year: first, William Overton ^, about theorwtoo,
iK^ginning of April, bred in Magdalene College, onenJIS'
sufticiently severe to suppress such whom he sus-
^ [Of Overton, bee* »ir J. Harrington, p. 1 17.]
fJ98
Thv Churrh HUtory
MOOK I-
i. i>. irKX). pectnl of noiHMinfoniiity. I1ie nccoikK Martin Hetoo.
Z_I!"!n!*« first deaii of WiiiclK*8ter, and then hishop of Ely ' :
I 8;iy of VA}\ which see had stood empty almort
twenty years in the reign of queen Elizalieth, after
the <leath of hishop Cox, so lonj; the lantern of that
chiirrli (so artificial for the workmanship thereof*)
wanted a h'ght to shine therein. Some sufipeeted
this place, so long empty, would never be filled
again ; seeing no bishojiric so large in revenue* was
so little in jurisdiction, not having the small county
of C*ambridg(* wholly belonging unto it". Some
cunning courtiers, observing this breach in Ely Min-
ster, as fiercely assaulted it, with hope to get gain to
themselves. During the vacancy, it was offered to
many churchnuMi, (or chapmen, shall I say?) bat
1 [Ileton wiut much con-
tliMiiiiiMl for iiHM*ntiii|; to the
aliiMiutioii of I he laiidN of his
lii!«ho|irii\ uiid many jl'^t^ uvre
mude on his nuint' M:ir-tin.
Yet uiiv Klionlil blunie attach
to him. wlio c«»iilil Im' no mon*
tlian ]»av«iw in tliin hii!iini*?iH .^
*' As for chan;;in^ or ulMitinf;
*' the |N»Hsc<tsioiis of it," NAVH
hir J. Ilarrin^nii. *' tht* luivs
" then in furce alli»wiil it,
*' though a most pKlly hiw since
** h.ith nMrainfcl the like, and
" I uonlil all the hish«i|irics in
" Kn^land wrr«* hut ^i» wrll
•• h'fl. Now. to eomr to Dr.
** Kail in, he u.is comiM^lled in
" u sort so til taki* it ; for /n>.
•' h'nlf.% rutfi ntgtiul juhrtit ;
" and as lon^ as thfrr was i:ol
" tiHid iiahu, nor htit dnhix,
** htil httc tiut't'nim. \\iv mi in*
" |HihIii' it WiiM, and hy autho-
" rit\ thrn lawful, he niav In-
'* thought the more frve fruai
*' blame. But were KIt m
m
" giMHl list ever it «-a». it cduU
" not find the muuths bread
'* that find fault with hi« takia|t
" it in that order. — Aa fur hia
** learning and other gtiml {larti
'* U*lon|png to a binhop, be »
'* inferior to few of hit rank,
** iUk your highneia (nriaor
'* Henry, Min of James l.\ can
" tell, that have heaid bim
** priMch liefore the kin|t ; aod
** the laiit time I beard bim.
*' the kiug'ii majcaty laid of
'* hiui. ' that fat men wenr viiat
" to make lean lennoiis ; bnl
" his were not b^an, but larM
* with much |tood leamingt."'
(lit. of Ui<dio|M. p. 109.]
••• (*amdrn'i Hrit. Cam.
Iiridgenhirp, p. 36 a.
" I'art i^ of the liioriMr t4
NnnK'irh.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
899
either their consciences or coffers would not come a. d. 1609.
up to the conditions thereof. Amongst others, Mr. — ^"^^
Parker, brought up in Peter House in Cambridge,
and archdeacon of Ely, (saith my author <>,) iniquis
conditionibus episcopatum of)latum respuiU tantam
opum usuram, nisi salva ecclesiaj negligens. At last
(but with the revenues much altered and impaired)
it was conferred on Dr. Heton, who, after ten years'
possession thereof, died July 14, and seems the more
obscure because of the lustre and learning of Dr.
I^ancelot Andrewes, who immediately succeeded him.
The third bishop deceasing this year, Dec. 14, was
Thomas Ravis p, some time dean of Christ Church,
and successively bishop of Gloucester and London,
bom at Mahlon in Surrey, of worthy parentage —
Claris parenfihiis^ saith the epitaph on his tomb in
St. Paul's, who left the memory of a grave and good
man l)ehind him. Nor must it be forgotten, that as
ho first had his teaming in Westminster school, so
he always continued, both by his counsel and coun-
tiamnce, a most esj)ecial encourager of the studies of
all deserving scholars belonging to that foundation.
29. As archbishop Bancroft was driving on con-NichoiM
formity very fiercely throughout all his province, he5j!J^^
met with an unexpected mb, which, notwithstanding, "'•**^*^
o A manuscript of the bishopn
«>f Kly, lent me hy Mr. Wright.
P [lie iH much commendeii
hy HJr John Harrington, who
Htatini that thin prehitt* ua* es-
teemed K.) highly, that '* he was
•• requested by them to take
" this bishopric, (of I^mdon.)
" wlieii many that nuimI to have
•* it were put by. But as he
'* was not willing to go thither.
'* so they of Gloucester were
" more unwilling he should go
*• thence, he won in a short
" space so great good liking of
*' all sorts; insomuch as some
*' that can scant well brook the
'* name of a bishop, yet can be
" content to give him a gfH)d
'* reiKjrt." ('at. of Bishops, II.
5^0
400 The Church Hisiarji BOOK i.
A. I). ifKy^.ho quickly romoved ; for about this time, Nichohf
-li!^:. FullcT, a l)onohor of Gray's Inn, eminent in hi« pio-
fessioii, |>Iea<lo(l so boldly for the enlargement of
his clients, that ho |)rocurcd his own confinement ; —
the case thus : Thomas Lad, a merchant of Yar-
mouth in Norfolk, was imprisoned a long time bj
the high commission, and could not be bsiled.
because (having fonnerly answered upon his oAth
twicc» Ix'forc the chancellor of Non»ich, to certain
articles touching a conventicle) he refused to answer
upon a new oath, without sight of his former
answers ^. Richard Mansell, a preacher, chai^ced to
be a partaker in a ])etition exhibitinl to the House
of Commons in parliament, and refusing the oath
/v officio to answer to certain articles to him pio-
]>ounded, wsis long imprisoned by the commissionen
at LiamlK'th, an<l could not be bailed.
30. Both prisoners were brought to the bar, npoo
the writ of hnheas corpna^ where Nicholas Fuller
plead(Hl they ought to be discharged, endeavourinf
by a large argument (lately printe<l) to prove that
the e<*clesiststical commissioners have no power br
virtue of their commission to imprison^ to put to
the oath /./' officio^ or to fine any of his majesty*!
Hulijects.
ToOm-Iiim An*hhishop nancn>ft got some legal advantate
of hit ci« II m f ■ 1 1 1 • ^ m
libmy Mill agauist Mr. Fuller m the managing thereof, and
then h't him alone to improve the same. Fuller*s
'• [S*«* a tnirt i*iititli*tl. **Tlii* *' haw no powvr by virtve sf
•• Ar^iitiH'iit of MiiHttT Nich«». •' their ctmimiMiiun to in] — ' —
*' lai« FiilliT in lh«* i*aso of ** to put to the oath t^
*' Thtini:i« L:iil ami Hichanl '* or to fine* anj of hU mainCT't
** .MaiiH«'ll. hi<ti*)ifntH : uht*ri*in ** huhjetta. Imprinted 1607."
** it in phiinly iiroviHl that th«* 4to. »
" KcrlfMaMtioiI (NiiiiniiiwiionerH
TENT. XVII.
ofBHiain. 40l
friends complained, that only by the colour of nght^.D. 1610.
8 Jmiw.
and the rigour of might he was cast into prison.
Here this learned counsellor could give liimself no
better nor other advice, but only pure patience*
Many were his petitions to the king for his enlarge-
ment, whom the archbishop had pre-acquainted with
the case, representing him to the king as the cham-
pion of nonconformists, so that there he lied and
died in prison. However, he left behind him the
reputation of an honest man, and a plentiful estate
to his family, (besides his bountiful bene&ction to
Emmanuel College and other pious uses,) at this
day enjoyed by his grandchild, a gentleman desenr-
eilly beloved in his country'.
31. On the 26th of October beran the fifth session The hn
of this long-lasting parliament — ^a session which may long pviw.
be found in the records, though it be lost in our"^*"
statute-lK>ok, because nothing therein was enacted,
as soon after dissolved by proclamation.
32. (ier>'as Babington, bishop of Worcester, ended The AmOk
his pious life. He was bom in Nottinghamshire, of BuMngMi.
worshipful extraction. Now although lately the
chief of the family, abused by papists, (otherwise in
himself an accomplished gentleman %) had tainted
his blood with treason against the queen, the learn-
ing, loyalty, and religion of this worthy prelate may
serve to rectify the surname, and justly restore that
family to its former repute with all posterity. He
was bred fellow of Trinity College in Cambridge;
first chaplain to Henry earl of Pembroke, whose
countess made an exact translation of the Psalms,
' Master Dimse Fuller, of ■ Anthony Babington, of
Berkiihire, esq. Dethick in Derbyshire.
!• ri.LRE, VOL. V. D d
402 Thv ( 'hnrch f/isiory book x.
ir)io.aiul tlicy first procured him to be i>refern»d treasurer
"*^ of Llandaif.
lartji 33. lie was soon after made bishop of LlondaK
'*' whieh in merriment he used to call A IF*, the land
thereof long since \)o\ug alienated ; thence was he
translated to Kxeter, thence to Worcester, thence
to heav(>n. lie was an excellent pulpit-maiu happy
in nusing the aflections of his auditory; which, hav-
ing got up« he would keep up till the close of \m
sermon : an industrious writer, witness his largi*
comment on the five bo<iks of Mosi% the Lord's
Prayer, Creed, and Commandments, with other |K>r-
tions of scripture. Nought else have I to oliserve
of this bishop, save that as a Bahington's anns weiv
argent, ten torteauxes, four, three, two, aiid one
gules, the selfsame being the anns of the bishopric
of Won*ester ; his imtenial coat being just the same
with that of his t*pis<*(»pal si*e, with which it is im-
paled.
di«ih 34. The ssune year expired bishop Rancnift, airh-
cifi bishop <»f Canterbury, lie was brought up iu Jes^us
ColK»ge in Cambridge, preferrt»d by degrees to the
bishopric of London ". Sir Christopher Ilatton was
his patron, who made him his examiner. His
advers;iries chani<*ttT him a greater statesman than
divine, a iH^tter divine than preacher, though his
printcMl M-nnon sulliciently attesteth his abilities
then*in'. Heing a Cambridge man, he wms nuulc
chancellor of Oxford, to hold the scales even with
( aniinal INile. an Oxford nnm, made chancellor of
C*ambnilge.
* [SiTf mr J llarrin^toiri« Bri-hliinhop of (*aiitrrlmrv w
Stjti'df tlif< li II nil. II. |i 17.;.] I ''^'4-]
» '^ \i\s\ut\t uf l^miiiiii ill 1 51^7: * [lately rrprinted.]
cnift.
CENT. XVII.
of Britain.
408
44. I find two faults charged on his memory, a. D.1611.
cruelty ^ and covetousness — unepiscopal qualities, --—
seeing a bishop ought to be godly and hospitable, rromcru^
To the first it is confessed he was most stiff and ^^*
stern to press conformity ; and what more usual
than for offenders to nickname necessary severity to
be cruelty ? Now though he was a most stout
champion to assert church discipline, let me pass
this story to posterity from the mouth of a ]>erson
therein concerned : An honest and able minister
privately protested unto him that it went against
his conscience to conform, being then ready to be
deprived. " Which way," saith the archbishop, " will
*• you live if put out of your benefice?" The other
answered, he had no way but to go a begging, and
to put himself on Divine Providence. " Not that,*'
saith the archbishop, " you shall not need to do ;
'• l)ut come to me, and I will take order for your
'' maintenance.'' What impression this made on
the minister's judgment, I am not able to report.
* [This charge of cruelty,
which is brought by Fuller, is
refuted by the most unexcep-
tionable testimony of bp. Hack-
et, who wax not likely to speak
partially of Bancroft. Men-
tioning that prelate's conduct
in the high commis8ion court,
and comparing it with the se-
verity and rigour exercised by
his Huceessor, archbishop Abl)ot,
the writer says : " It was not
•' so in his jiredecessor Ban-
" croft's days, who would chide
** stoutly, but censure mildly.
" He considered that he sat
'* thrre rather aa a father than
*' a judge. Et pro peccato
'' magno paululum supplicii
" satis esse potest. He Knew
" that a pastoral staff was made
" to reduce a wandering sheep,
" not to knock it down."
The other charge of covetous-
ness is sufficiently refuted bjr
our author, did it need any re«
futation, resting only u|K>n the
testimony of ]\Ir. Wilson, a
writer of little or no credit,
and whose little credit is still
more depreciated by the cir-
cumstance of his work having
lieen surreptitiously published.]
Dd S
404
The Church Ithtory
BOOK X.
>!• 45. As for his covctousness, a witty writers^ (bat
— more satirist than historian) of king James his Life
of reports this pasquin of him :
*' Here lies his ^race, in cold earth clad.
Who died with want of what he had."
True it is he maintained not the state of officers like
predei*ossor or succc'ssor in housekeeping, having a
citizen tradesman (more ac(|uainted with thrift than
bounty) for his dtmiestical stewartl ; yet was he
never observed in his own {>erson to aim at the
enriching of his kindred, but had intentions to make
pious uses his public heir, lH'(|ueathing his library
(the continence of his own collections with bis pre^
decessors, Whitgift, Grindal, Parker) to Chelsea
Ctdlege ; and if that took not effect, to the public
librar}' in Cambridge, where at this day they remain.
1 1 is clear estate at his di^th exciHMlecl not six thou-
sand iMuind, no sum to sfn^ak a single man covetous
who liad sat six vears in the set^ of Canterbun', and
somewhat longer in Ijondon '.
y Arthur Wiljion, Life of
Jameii I. p. 53.
* [Thv death of liaticroft
uiw a great alHictioii tu the
Eii)(litth church, and the 1(>m uf
him wan felt the more when
men cuntraated \i\% character
with that of hin NUCce!iM»r. The
nohle hihturian, dehcrihing the
character and |iruni4ition <»f
■rchhiftho|i Ahliot, olnvrven,
" th.ll he had M»rce |M*r formed
*' any (wrt of the oriiiv of a
*' hithop in the <lioci*M* (»f I«on-
*' don, when he wan Miatchcd
** from thenct* ami ]»n»iri»tr(l to
'* Canterbury, upon the
" enoufch lamented death of
'* Dr. Bancroft, that mctiopa-
" litan who undrmtood the
" church exeellentW. and Ui
almoat re^ued it;oiit of the
'* hands of the Calriniaa party,
** and vfrv much Mibdara the
*' unruly apirit of the ncNWoa-
*' fonnirtts. by and after the
" conference at llamploa
*' ( ourt ; countenanced men of
«•
*' the lereateat narta
*' and diBpoitfJ the clergy to a
" more Milid courae 01 alady
'* than they had been
CBNT. xvii. ^Briiam. 405
46. It 18 needless to clean his memory from diO'A.D.teit
aspersion of popery, two eminent acts of his own ^ '
being his sufficient compurgators: one in setting thedneiifBr
secular priests against the Jesuits, (as St. Paul did ^^^^ ^
the Pharisees against the Sadducees,) thereby so
deriding their languages as scarce they can under*
stand one another at this day; the other bis for-
wardness in founding Chelsea College^ which, as a
two-edged sword, was to cut on both sides to sup-
press papists and sectaries.
47. One passage more of this prelate, and I hare a gooi
done. A company of young courtiers appeared ex-S:;^
traordinarily gallant, at a tilting, flur above their^
" tmned to ; and if he had '* land, bat the bUm had a
'' lived, would quicklj hare " perflMt character of nia tan«
'* extinguished all that fire in ** per and relation^ the easier
" England which had been " brought about bj him that,
*' kindled at Geneva ; or if he " in the eitinction of the pa-
" had been succeeded bj bishop *' ritans, owned moat of their
^ Andrews, bishop Overall, or " tenets, being beaide aa rigid
** any man who understood and *' persecutor of any iHio Md
" loved the church, that infec '* not in his composition the
'* tion would easily have been " gall of treason mixed with
'* kept out, which could not " religion. Yet notwithstand.
" afterwards be so easily ex- *' ing the incomparable dilL
** pelled." Rebel. I. p. 156. '* gence of thia prelate, under
FrandsOsborne also, a writer " two princes, fbr the preser
of a very different stamp, and ** ration of peace and unitj,
no friend to the bishops, freely '* he was abominated by the
acknowledges the great merits ^ predser sort, the heat of
of Abp. Bancroft. Speaking of " whose seal appears the moee
his general policy ana conduct, '* unnatural, because their
this writer tells us that the arch- " mouths were fnrred with
bishop, ** illuminated by so clear '' bitter and unaanmrj Inrao*
" a judgment, made so per. *^ tives, which followed him
" feet an inspection into the se- *' after the hand of death had
** cular practices of the consia* " hid him out of the reach of
*' tory in Rome, as he prevented '* all other fiivoar but iHiat ia
" many dangers which might " due to his desert from dia-
'* have otherwise fidlen upon '* rity and gratttude." IVadit,
" the nation. Thut no pnest Mem.6i.]
was landed any time in Eng-
DdS
••
406 The Chnnh llUtory book x.
ir>ii.forttinos and estuti^; t\\ii^v gave for a private motto
""• finwmnrsf tlioiiisclves, Sdlrftf. vccirsia — •* liict the church
*' pay tor all.*' Haiicroft, then bishop of London.
arriving at the notice thereof, finds on inquiry thftt
the (|ueen was passing a eonsiderabk^ parcel of church
land unto tlieni. The pntlate sto|)s the busineiM,
with his own and his friends* interest, leaving these
gidlants to pay the shot of their pride and prodi-
gality out of their own purses. Add to this that 1
am credibly informed from a gctod hand, how in the
days of king Janu% a Scotchman and a prevalent
eonrtier had swaUowed up the whole bishopric of
Durham, had not this archbishop seasonably iuter-
]>4»s(mI Iiis power with the king, and dasluni the
design. (ii»orge AblK)t succei*de<l Ilancroft in Can-
tcrbur\', of whom largelv hereafter.
cw 48. And now, after long exi)ectation and (Treat
Hi hie desire, came forth the new translation of the Bible,
!*„ '^ (most beautifully printed,) by a seliHrt and compe-
"*^^ tent number of divint^s appointed for that purpose—
krrtif not Ix'in;; too manv. lest one should trouble another:
•«. and yet many, lest in any things might haply escape
them : who, neither coveting praise for ex]HHlition«
nor fearing reproach for slackness, (seeing in a busi-
ness of moment none dcMTve blame for convenient
slowness) hail expended almost three years in the
work, not only (examining the channels by the foun-
tain, tninshitions with the original, which was afaeo-
lutcly n«M*«*SH:iry, but also comparing channels with
cliann(*ls, which was abundantly useful, in the Spa-
nish, Italian, Fn-ncli, and Dutch languages: so that
their industrv, skilfidness pirtv. and discretion hath
• • •
thenMU lM»und tin* chun*li unto them in a debt of
s|HH*ial n*mrinbninee and thankfulni'ss. Tliesi*, with
CENT. XVII.
407
a Jacob, rolled away the stone from the mouth of^^-^*
the well of life ■ ; so that now even Rachers weak
women may freely come, both to drink themaelvea,
and water the flocks of their families at the same.
49. Bnt day shall sooner lack a night to attend it» tim
and the sunshine be unseconded with the sullen
shade, than a glorious action shall want detractors to
defame it. The popish Romanists much excepted
hereat. ^ Was their translation,** say they, ** good
•* before ? why do they now mend it ? Was it not
^ good ? why then was it obtruded on the people V
These observe not, that whilst thus in their passion
they seek to lash the protestants, their whips fly in
the faces of the most learned and pious fathers,
especially St. Jerome, who, not content with the
former translations of the Septuagints, Aquila, Sy-
machus, and others, did himself translate the Old
Testament out of the Hebrew. Tea, tiieir cavil
recoils on themselves and their own Vulgar tiaosla-
tion, whereof they have so many and diflferent
editions \ Isidorus Clarius, a famous papist, (first a
evrflof
* Gen. xxix. fo.
^ " Loea ad octo milHa anno.
" tata atque emendata a nobis
" sunt." Isid. Clarius in Prvf.
Bibl. Sacronanct. edit. Vene-
tiiM. 1541. But which in the
following edition in left out.
[Thin 18 amuredlj a mistake;
for the second edition was
printed in four volumes folio
at Venice, in i557> in which
the pajnage occurs; though
Puller's mistake has been fol-
lowed by other writers. De
(^lario was a native of Brescia,
a BenfKlictine monk, celebrated
for his defence of the vulgate
version ; and it was principally
through his means that that
version was pronooneed aiu
thentic by the coQiicil of Trent
in 1546. He was created bj
Paul III. bishop of FuKgno ia
Umbria. His first emended
edition of the Tulgate BiUfi,
which Le Ixmg dates in 1543*
(BiUioth. Sacra, II. p. aif^
ed Maach. 1 703.) was pot into
the Index ilipnfgatorina, on
aoooiint of the passage qnotcd
by Pulleri but the sentenea
was afterwards remoTed, on
condition of the prebce and
molegomena being expnnged.
The preface was» nowiMrer, r«*
printed as I have atatad.]
Dd4
408
The Church Hulory
BOOK 1.
I. friar, afterward a bishop,) observed aiid amended,
- he said, eight thousand faults in the vulgar Latin.
And, since his time, liow doth the Paris editions
differ from the Lou vain, and Ilentenius his from
them both ! bow infinite are the ditTerences. maiiv
of them weighty and material, of that w*bich |K>pe
Clement the Eighth published from another which
Sixtus Quintus, his immediate ]>redecc88or, set forth !
Thus we see, to better and refine translations hath
l)een ever counted a commendable practice, even in
our adversaries ^
e 50. Besides this, the Romanists take exception,
V because, in this our new translation, the various
^si*nsc*s of w(»rds are set in the margin. This they
■*' conceive* a shaking of the certainty of the seriptures*
such variations lx*ing as suckers to be pruned oflC
« [SixtUK tlie Fifth |mblishi*d
Ills edition of the inmleni viil.
pite (for it must \w ilistiii.
^liiihecl from the ancient vuU
)(ute, of which a new edition
w:iM printed, witli his appro,
but ion prefixed, at Rome in
i^hS) ill 1590; and notwith.
Ktaiidiii^ itH iiunieroUH errors,
it was tleclure«l bv him to tie
authentic, and fortified bv the
autliority of the M*t* a]MMtoIic.
In I5(y2. howrver. (Menient
VIII., disiintisfietl witli the
edition of Sixtn^. (which wa4
■uppressed by hi*« immediate
succi*aMir.(irt*^ory XIV..) pub-
I lulled a new and emended i*di-
tinn, \'aryin^, of cnursi*, cim-
iiidenibly from th:it of 1590.
Not ci»nip]etin|« hii^ tank, luiw-
rver. ti»hisoun '»uti*» fact ion, in
>5<)1 l><* p*i( forth a new edi-
tion with variouft altemtioiiH
and corrections. Thni there m«
thn*e authentic Bibles, all furti*
fied with buILs and all at Tmri«
luice with each other. The Tari-
at ions of the Clementine fnim
the Sixtine edition were ex-
posted by I>r. Thomas Jamcu.
the Bodleian librarian, in a
pamphlet entitled, '* Bellnm
** Papale, Hive Conainlia dia-
*' curs Sezti Quinti et Cle-
'* mentis Octavi, circa Ilicro-
" nvmianam editicmcm." fcc.
i6o<). 4to. See also, br the
same author, ** A Treatise of
"the (Vimiption of Scripture.
** CuunciU, and Fathrrs. bj
" the Prelates, I^astora. and
** Pillars of the lliurrh of
*' I tome, for maintenance of
** PoiK*ry and Irreligiuu." 410^
1^12; and I^ liong's ** Bib-
" liiitheca Sacra,'* by Maach.
vol. 11. |i. 334.]
XVI 1. ofBriiam, 409
se they rob the stock of the text of its duex.p. i6ti.
and reputation : somewhat conformable where- -^
{)e Sixtus Quintus expressly forbade that any
y of readings of the vulgar edition should be
I the margin. But on serious thoughts it will
r that these translators, affixing the diversity
) meaning of words in the side column, deserve
lendations for their modesty and humility there-
)r though, as St. Chrysostom observeth \ iravra
ayxaia S^Xa^ ^' all things that are necessary to
ation are plainly set down in the scriptures,'*
Being there is much difficulty and doubtfulness,
I doctrinal, but in matters of less importance,
Iness did better beseem the translators than
lence, entering in such cases a caution, where
i are of different exceptions.
Some of the brethren were not well pleased *»#
this translation, sus{)octing it would abate thepUinfar
\i of that of Geneva, with their annotations ocntvAs
by English exiles in that city, in the days of~*'*'~
i Mar}% dedicated to queen Elizabeth, and
fd with the general liking of the people above
times over. Yea, some complained that they
not see into the sense of the scripture for
>f the 8]>ectacles of those Geneva annotations;
though a good translation is an excellent com-
on the Bible, wherein much darkness is caused
so rendering of it, and wherein many seeming
« art^ rea<l, if the words be but read — ex-
led, if but truly rendered; yet some short
(tUH Quintus Praf. Bibl. II. Horn. 3, p. 528. ed. Bened.
»0' >734-
1 the Hecond Thes. cap.
410 The Church History book i.
A. D. 161 1, exposition on the text was much desired of the
9 ttiiiy^ i^^p]^ U^j^^ ^^ g^y nothing of the defects and
defaults of the Geneva annotations, (though the best
in those times which are extant in English.) those
notes were so tuned to that translation alone, that
they would jar with any other, and could no w»t he
fitted to this new eilition of the Bilile. Lt^are we
then these wortliy men, now all of them gathered to
their fathers and gone to (Jod, however they worr
re<iuited on earth, well rt»warded in heaven for their
worthy work : of whom, as also of that gracious kiiiir
that emplc^yed them, we may say, ** When»»<iever the
" Bible shall be preaehiMl or read in the whole
** world, there shall also this that thev have done he
•* told in memorial of them."
Pr. li.f, in ,52. And as about this time some perchance over-
omMOmlv vahuHl the Geneva notes, out of that es{H?cial love
IJ^JSirt^ they bare to the authors and place whence it prf>-
^!°f • ceede<l, so on the other side some without eaw«e did
slight, or rather without charity did slander the
same ; for in this or the next year a doctor in
solemn assi^mbly in the university of Oxfonl. pub-
liclv in his sennon at St. Marv's, accuseil them as
piilty of nn'sinterpn*tation touching the divinity of
Christ and his Messiahship, as if svmbidizing with
Arians and J«*ws against them b<»th ; for which he
was afterwards sus|HMidiHl by Dr. Roln^rt Abbot,
prfffffer nmrionrs puhlirnx minus orthadnras^ el f^en-
sionis ptnws. But more pn^K^rly hereof (CJikI will-
ing) hen-aftrr, in our |mrticular history of Oxfoid.
We will pnN-i*e<l to n^fNirt a memorable jiasRage in
' [llaiiMuii. .Sec Ilvylyn'M (*oit. Kpiit. p. 175*]
NT. XVII. of Britain, 411
e Low Countries, not fearing to lose my way, or a.d. 1611.
be censured for a wanderer from the English
ureh story, whilst I have so good a guide as the
n of king James to lead me out and bring me
ck again. Besides, I am afraid that this alien
cident is already brought home to England, and,
ough only Belgic in the occasion, is too much
itish in the influence thereof.
SECT. IV.
EDWARD LLOVD, Esq.
Siwn are not bountiful in ttioiiui, but jutt t» rttloriwf limt
vnten vuto the tea ■'. ffuiree^r, the;/ utay ttem jmfrfW
a/eo, becauM ofttali/ irtuminff tkithrr vkat they $emif
rearintl thfuee. Thit mjt Dudication unto yw owrf
amouiit to a j>reteat, bat a futittdion, vkenin only I ttmJr
a public achtotettiiffintttt ofgonrprin^t eourtttit* eomfimi
upon iiu:
lirXG Jamofl took into htit princely cait
the si'nsonablc 8U|>|>ros8ion of the du-
pTous doctrifiea of Coiiradus Vontiu.
Tliis (lortor had lived almut fifteen
}-(>nrs n iiiintstcr at Stcinfiirt, within the
tpiritories of the counts of Tecklcnbur^, BentheJni,
&c. ; the counts whereof (to obftcrve by the wiy)
wen- the first in (iemiany, not in dimity or df>mi-
■ [ThcariMof thJHgpntleinui
I MiipiNjw urv the vtrnv a* th<me
of thf LIovJm of Trttnewiili in
•Shni|>!tliiri> : vis. pilt-*, a liun
raHi|»aiil, rtyanlutit *ir, uittiued
iiod luii^ii-d, Hiurv. Owf (if tilt'
Himi' itam« und pliice mm-
|i>U-«] iin unpuhliiilii'd hitXitty o(
Hhrfwnltury. In liiaiiirlirr day>
lit- liiul Itrt'ii u burrikt<-r and IJvt-d
ill I>ind»n ; lull wliut rcUtJuii
ht waH Id till- Lliiyd lii'n- nit-ii-
lii>n<st, I liHvc iKtt iHi'n aiile tii
dinnivvr. IIi- dird in 1715. In
ft M.S. nuu, it ia aUtcd that
Fuller'* friend tni icbtMl to
the Llufd* of Rale snd Dm-
biph, but their anna difer fnai
thune pven abovv- Dr. Join
Llayd,thebiihupor.St.DandX
who waaa native of MaaBOMth-
■hire, )M>re the «une anna, ami
waa rrbled, I hara no doata.
tu the person to whom thii eta.
tury ■■ dedicated. The •».
graver haa ftdhiwed the cat ot
the nmiH pvcn In the int adi*
tion.]
CENT. XVII. T%e Church History of Britain, 418
nion, but in casting off the yoke of papacy, and everA.D.i6ii.
since continuing protestants. This Vorstius had both
written and received several letters from certain
Somosatenian heretics in Poland, or thereabouts;
and it happened that he had handled pitch so long,
that at last it stuck to his fingers, and became in-
fected therewith. Hereupon he set forth two books,
the one entitled, " Tractatus Theologicus de Deo,**
dedicated to the landgrave of Hesse; the other,
" Exegesis Apologetica,** printed in this year, and
dedicated to the states : both of them farced with
many dangerous {KMsitions concerning the Deity. For
whereas it hath been the labour of the pious and
learned in all ages to mount man to Grod, as much
as might be, by a sacred adoration (which the more
humble, the more high) of the divine incomprehen-
sibleness, this wretch did seek to stoop God to man,
by debasing His purity, assigning Him a material
body, confining His immensity, b» not being every
where, shaking His immutability, as if His ^ill were
subject to change, darkening his omnisciency, as
uncertain in future contingents, with many more
monstrous opinions, fitter to be remanded to hell
than committed to writing. Notwithstanding all
this, the said Vorstius was chosen, by the curators
of the university of Leyden, to be their public
divinity professor, in the place of Arminius, lately
deceased ; and to that end his excellency and the
states-general, by their letters, sent and sued to the
count of Tecklenburg, and obtained of him that
Vorstius should come from Steinfiirt, and become
public professor in Ijcyden.
2. It happened that his majesty of Great Britain, lUMnmi
t>eing this autumn in his hunting progress, did light u^'JLm
414 The Church Hhiarj^ book i.
A.I). 1^11. upon and peruso the aforesaid books of Voretimi:
'^ '""*** and whereas too many do but S{K>rt in their moii
him. serious employment, ho was so serious amidst his
sports and recreations, that with sorrow and horror
he observed the dangerous |)ositions therein, deter-
mining speedily to oppose them, moved thereunto
with these principal considerations : first* the glory
of God, seeing this anti-8t. John, (as his miyesty
terms him ^) mounting up to tlie heavens, belched
forth such blasphemies against the divine ineflbble
essence — and was not a king on earth concemed,
when the King of heaven was dethroned from hb
infiniteness, so far as it lay in the power of the
treacherous positions of an heretic ? Secondly, chmritj
to his next neighl>our8 and allies ; and lastly, a just
fear of the like infection within his own dominiooi^
considering their vicinity of situation and frequency
of intercourse, many of the English youth travelUqg
over to have their education in Leyden. And in*
dee<I, as it hath been observed that the sin of
drunkenness was first brought over into England
out of the Low Countries S about the midst of the
n>ign of <|ueen Elizabeth, (l)efore which time neither
general practice nor legal punishment of that vice
in this kingdom,) so we must sadly confeas thai
since that time, in a spiritual sense, many English
Minis have taken a cup too much of Belgic wine,
whereby their heads have not only grown diny in
matters of less m<»nient, but their whole bodie*
staggiT in the fundanientals of their religion.
Tiir .uuii 3^ ll4'ruu|)on king Junu>s presently disi^atched a
^ III his l>t*cliiriitiiin tifrain^t <' Si*« (*ainden*a ElisaliKli»
VurvtiuH, |i. 365. anno 1 58 1 .
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 416
letter to sir Ralph Winwood**, his ambassador resid-A.D. 1611.
ent with the states, willing and requiring him to let
them understand how infinitely he should be dis- tion of king
pleased if such a monster as Voretius should receive ^[^^Mt
any advancement in their church. This was seconded ][^|^Jj^»
with a large letter of his majesty's to the states^ «<> juit «t-
dated October the sixth % to the same effect ; but
neither found that success which the king did ear-
nestly desire, and might justly expect, considering
the many obligations of the crown of England on
the states, '' the foimdation of whose commonwealth,"
as the ambassador told them ^ '' was first cemented
'* with English blood." Several reasons are assigned
of their non-concurrence with the king's motion.
Tlie curators of Lcyden university conceived it a
di8|)aragement to their judgments, if, so near at
hand, they could not so well examine the soundness
of Vorstius his doctrine as a foreign prince at such
a distance ; it would cast an asj^ersion of levity and
inconstancy on the states, solemnly to invite a stran-
ger unto them, and then so soon recede from their
resolution ; an indignity would redound to the count
of Tecklenburg, to slight that which so lately they
had sued from him. The opposition of Vorstius waa
endeavoured by a malcontented party amongst them-
wlvc^s, disaffected to the actions of authority, who,
distrusting their own strength, had secretly solicited
his majesty of Great Britain to appear on their side •
that,a8 king James his motion herein proceeded rather
from the instance of others Uian his own inclination
so they gave out that he began to grow remiss in
•^ [Thin lelUT is printed in ' TAf ♦!.« : ^- •
*^ [rrinted ibid. p. 354.] •'
416 The Church History book x.
A.D i6ri.the matter, careless of the success thereof; that it
— would be injurious, yea, destructive to Vorstius and
his family, to be fetched from his o^ii home, where
he lived with a sufficient salary, (promised better
provisions from the landgrave of Ilessen, to be diTJ-
nity professor in his dominions,) now to thrust bim
out with his wife and children, lately settled at
Leyden ; that if Vorstius had formerly been faulty
in unwary and offensive expressions, he had since
cleared himself in a new declaration.
Vomitii 4. For lately he set forth a book, entitled, " A
MusfacUon ^' Christian and modest Answer,** which notwith-
in hit new a ^• % i i
declaration, staudmg by many was condemned as no
but a re)K*tition of his former opinions, not less per-
nicious, but more plausible, with sophistical qualiS-
cations ; so that he was accused to aim neither at
the satisfaction of the learned, whom he had for-
merly offended, nor the safety of the ignorant, whom
he might hereafter deceive, but merely his own
security for the present. His gran<I evasion wu
this : that '' what he had wn)to before was but
** probably pro|N)unded, not dogmatically delivered.**
But, alas! how many silly souls might easily be
infectixl, mistaking his slanting problems for down-
right ]N)sitions. In a word, he took not out any
venom, but put in more honey into his opinions*
which the corruption of man's nature would swallow
with more greediness. And how dangerous it is for
wit-wanton men to dance with their nice distinc-
tions on such niVHtical precipici*s, where slips in jest
mav cause deadiv downfalls in earnest, the Roman
orator doth in part pronounce : Maia est et laipM
consuiindiK nputrn Ihunn disputnndi^ sire serio id JiU
sire simidate.
CKXT. XVII
uf Britain,
417
5. Now kinjf James, l)eing a« little satisfied in a. n. 1611.
judjjrnient with the writinjfs of Vorstius in his own _'^^!!!!!-
defence, as ill pleased in point of honour with the ^J^h*"**^
doings of the States in return to his request, pave^^jl^j^^
instructions to his ambassador to make public pro-««»»»»^*
testation against their procee<ling8 ; which sir Ralph firrtwritu»n
W in wood, in |)ursuance of his masters command, unw, by
most solemnly performed. Nor did his majesty's j^.jj^'JJi
zeal stop here, with Joash, king of Israel, smiting ||^*]^*
only but thrice, and then desisting; but after hi8»^«>«n^
re(juest, letter, and protestation had missed their workn. [|i.
desiriMl oftect, he wrote in French a declaration* '*
against Vorstius k, — a work well l)eseeming the
defender of the faith, by which title (to use his
ambassmlor's (»xpr(»ssion) he did more value himself
than by the style of king of (Jrc^at Britain. Once
I intendiMl to present the nmder with a brief of his
maj<»sty's declaration, till deterred with this consi-
denition, that although great masses of lead, tin,
and ineancT metals, mav bv the extnu'tion of che-
•^ [Of this pr(Kliicti(>ii of the
nival author. ThornaH Lydiut
ihuH writi'j* to UnhiT, in a letter
of the 2 211(1 <»f August. 161 I :
'* I have MMit you the kiii^'K
" IxHik in Latin against Vor.
" stiu.s, vet scant drv from the
" press ; which Mr. Norton,
*' uho hath the matter wholly
*' in his own hands, HWore to
'* nie \w wtMild ni»t print unleiw
*' he mi^ht have m<»ney to print
" it -a MiHicient argument to
" make me content with niv
•
'* manusiTipt l\ing ntill un-
" |»rinted. unles.*! he e<juivc>-
" rate<l. IJut M*e how the
" world in chan^*d : time wm
1^ rLi.F.R, vol.. V.
" when the bent l)ook printeni
" and sellem would have been
" glad to be beholding to the
" nieaneftt Iniok niakere. Now
'* Mr. Norton, not long lince
" the meanest of many book
" printerM and ftelleni, ao talka
'* and deaU an if he would
'* make the noble king Jamen
" (I "lay well say the beat
** book maker of thiii hiH own
*' or any kingdom under the
** Aun) be glad to lie lieholding
•• to him." Parr't Lettem of
Uiiher, p. 13. The Declaration
against Vomltua was publiahed
at London in 161 a, in Latin,
French, and Engliah.]
418
The Church HUiwy
BOOK X.
A. D.I 6i I. mists be epitomized and abridged into a smaller
— ^^- quantity of silver, yet what is altogether gold
already cannot without extraordinary damage be
reduced into a smaller pro|)ortion. And seeing each
wonl in his majesty's declaration is so pure and
precious, that it cannot he lessened without loss, we
remit the reader to the same in his majesty's works ;
and so take our leave of V^orstius for the present,
whose books, by the kings command, were publicly
burnt at St. Paul's Cross in London, and in both
universities ^.
'^^^^ 6. But, leaving this outlandish, let us come to
Barthoio- our English Vorstius, though of far less learning* of
gate. more obstinacy and dangenms opinions : I mean thai
Arian who this vear suffered in Smithfield — his
1* [Upon this Declaration,
Heylyn observes, *' tliat when
'* king James publiNhed his
" Declaration against Vorstius,
*' in which there arc so nmny
" bitter expresHions aguinnt Ar-
*' niiiiius, Bertius, and the r\nX
*' of that party, he was much
*' governtHl hv thi* counsels of
•• Dr. Janu>ft Nlciinitajnie, wlio,
** having formerly In^en a great
^tickh'r signinnt Ihirnet and
BarcH* in the stim at C\mi-
bridge, was after wards made
dean of the ( ha|H*I, bisliop
*' of Hath and WelN, and at
" hist of Winton, the king's
'* eceli*hiaAtical favourite till the
" time of his death, which hap-
" pi*ned (»n the i(;tli of July.
•' iOi8. St»condlv. that the
** reusim why king J amen m>
'* branded the remoii^trantN in
'* the I>eclarntion, that if thy
•• irrrr mtt with tprrd nnirti
*' uMi, NO aikrr UMne ctmld hr
«•
44
<«
• I
" ejptcied Iham ihe cmrm 9f
" Gf)d in making a perpetmml
" rent and desimtiion im ike
" whoie body of ihe Miaie, (p.
'* 39>) was not because thij
" wert* so in and of themarlvca,
" but for other rvMoiis. whidi
" our great masters in the
'* HchcM>]s of policy called m-
'* sons qfsiaie. Now the
" sou which niored king Jai
** to M> much hanthness agftintt
the remonstrants, was be.
cause they bad put tbenu
** Helvd^M under the |Hitronage
of John Dlden Rarneveh, a
man of princi|ial anthoritT
in the ctimmon wealth* whom
the king hNiked upon as the
pn»f«ssed adreniarj of llie
prince of Orange, his dcsr
confe«lerate and ally, who cia
the other side had made him*
** M*lf the iiatron and praUctor
" of the rigid CalrioisU " ^^
Episi, p. 1 8o.]
•t
••
••
<«
t«
«•
t*
••
*t
••
Cert.
f-RKT. XVII. of Brit (tin. 419
namo« Bartholomew- Legate; native county, ERsex;A. n. ifm.
|>erson comely, complexion black, age about forty '^ **"*^
years ; of a bold spirit, confident carriage, fluent
tongue, excellently skilled in the scriptures; and
well had it been for him if he had known them Umw
or understood them better, whose ignorance abused
the word of God, therewith to op|>ose God the
Word ; his conversation (for aught I can learn to
the contrary) very unblamable; and the poison of
heretical doctrine is never more dangerous than
when served up in clean cups and washed dishes.
7. King James causc*<l this Legate often to |)ej^«?»"«
bn>ught to him, and seriously dealt with him tokinKJamc*
endeavour his conversion. One time the king had
a design to suqmse him into a confession of Christ's
deity, (as his majesty afterwards declareil to a right
reven»nd prt»late*.) by asking him whether or no he
did not daily pray to Jesus Christ ; which had he
acknowledged, the king would infallibly have in-
femnl that Legate tacitly consented to Christ's
divinity, as a seandier of the hearts. Hut herc»in
his niaj(^ty faile<l of his exjKH'tation, Ijegate return-
ing, *'that indeed he had pray(Ml to Christ in the
** days of his ignorance, but not for these last seven
'* years." Hereupon the king in choler spumed at
him with his foot : *' Away» base fellow !" saith he;
** it shall never l>e said that one stajeth in my
" pn*sence that hath never prayed to our Saviour
" for sevfii years together •*."
8. ( )ften was he convented befort» the bishops in BWiop
the consistory of St. Paul's, where he persisted olw r«iMi Mm
withaphw
of Scrip.
' J:iriu*fc Hrrlil>i>h<i|> of Ar- ^ [For an acccmiit of themiv.
niaf[h. from wh(»M> mouth I prooecdingB againsi Legale, Me
had th«* relation. Somert' TracU, II. p. 400.]
Ee 8
4^ The Church HMory book i.
A.I). ifiit.stiimte in Ins opinions^ flatly denying the authoritj
9 amw, of that court. And no Vender that he slighted the
|H>\viT of earthly hi8ho]>8, denying the divinity of
Iliin who is ihe Shepherd mid Bishop of ottr snuU^.
The disputation against him was princi{)ally nianagi'd
by John King, bishop of London, who gravollefl and
utterly confiited him with that place of scripturv.
(John xvii. 5,) And tioir^ O Father^ H^^^^fff Thou Mr
with Thine own selj\ with the glory which I had with
Thee before the world was. Tliis text, I sav, was »•»
seasonably alleged, so plainly ex|>oun<led, so juitht^
tically enforced, by the eloquence and gravity of
that bishop, (qualities wherein he excelled,) that it
gave marvellous satisfaction to a multitude of jieople
there present, that it is conceiviHl it happily unpro-
selyted some inclinable to his opinioiiR ; though
Legate himself n^mained {lertinacious, both against
the impressions of arguments and 8criptun\ daily
multiplying his enonnous opinions. It is the hap-
piness nature indulgeth to monsters, that they arp
all barren ; whrn»as, on the contran-, monstrous
]M)sitions an* most procrtuitivc of the like or worne
than themselves.
wiinimHiif 9. Befon' wi» set <lown his pestilent opiniona, maj
cmiitioii ,, 111* 1 1 ••
prrmikra Writer aud Header t(*nce themselves with pmyer to
IlilhiK*'If *'•*•' against the infection thi»n^if: li^st othenrine,
bwh]*! touching su<'h pitch (though but with the Imre men-
mim- tion) d(*file iis, csisually tempting a temptation in us^
ant] awaking some corruption which otherwisio would
sh*ep sihMitly in our souls. And if, notwithstanding
this uur caution, any shall reap an accidental en!
to themselves by Heading his damnable o|iinioiis, my
jHMi is no mon* a(*cessi»ry t4> their hami, than that
1 I Pet. ii. 25.
««
4<
CENT. XVII. qfBriiaim. 4S1
apothecary is guilty of inufder, if othera, out of a a. D. 1611.
lickerish curiosity, kill theAiselves with that poison— ^^^
which he kept in his shop for sovereign ose, to
make antidotes thereof. His damnable tenets were
as followeth "> :
i. '* That the creed called the Nicene Creedt and
*' Athanasius' Creed, contain not a profession of the
^ true Christian fiuth.
ii. '' That Christ is not God of God begotten, not
'* made ; but begotten, and made.
ill. '' That there are no persons in the Godhead.
IT. ** That Christ was not God from everlasting,
but began to be God when he took flesh of the
Virgin Mary.
V. "* Tliat the world was not made by Christ,
vi. '' Tliat the a|M)stles teach Christ to be man
•' only.
vii. '' That there is no generation in God, bot of
** creatures.
viii. ** Tliat this assertion, ^ God to be made man,*
'* is contrary to the rule of faith, and monstrous
blasphemy.
ix. '' That Christ was not before the folness of
time, except by promise.
X. "" That Christ was not God, otherwise than an
anointed God.
xi. *' That Christ was not in the form of God
equal with God, that is, in substance of God, but
in righteousness, and giving salvation*
xii. '' That Christ by his Ck>dhead wrooght no
*' miracle.
xiii. '* Tliat Christ is not to be prayed unto.**
■ [HiNBOTs' Thwta, II. 400*1
•4
42S Tht Church History book i.
A. i>. 1611. For niaintaining these opinions. Legate had Ioii{r
^Janu-^ l)eeii in ])rison in Newgate, yet with lilierty allowed
him to go abroad ; not contente<l wherewith, he
openly boasted, and often threateiie<l to siu* the
court which committed him for re|)aratioii8 for falise
imprisonment ; so that his own indiscretion in thi»
kind hastened liis execution.
Condemned iQ. For hereupon bishop Kinir " finally eonvented
for an ob- . , . * . * '^
sUnftte he- him in the consistory of St. Paul's ; and that worthy
prelates foreseeing that his proceeilings hertMn woald
meet with many listening ears, prying eyc% an^i
prating tongues, chose many reverend bisho]«, able
divines, and learned lawyers to assist him : so that
the consistory, so replenished for the time lieinff.
schemed not so much a large court as a little eon-
vocation. Bv the couns4»l and consent of thoM^, br
his definitive s€Mitence he '* pronounced, deeniMl, ami
" declared the foresaid Bartholomew Ijegate an oh-
" durate, contumacious, and incorrigible herc»tic ;" and
by an instrument calliMl a sifjinjicarit certifitHl the
same into the chancery, delivering him up unto the
secular power; the church keys, in such ens*'*, crav-
ing the help of the civil swonl. WhePiMi|K>n king
James, with his letters dated March II« under the
privy seal, g;ive onler to the broad si»al to direct the
writ th* hfrrrtirn cnnihtirt'fulo to the sheriffs of I^on-
don fur the burning of the foresaid Legate.
gnvrt^irft 11 >;oxv, as tin* bishoi) lien*in surremlenil Ijecate
lodciidr. to th«' s(*rular pow(*r mv Kcclesiastical Ilistonr in
I . •
like niaiiniT resigns him to the civil historian, to-
gether with all th(* doubts difliculti(*s, and legal
MTuple«i attending on or resulting fnun his condem*
nation. lj(*t the learned in the law consider on
[ Bi%lui|i <if I^oiiduii.]
CENT. XVII. ofBriiain. 4£8
what statute the writ for his burning was grounded»A.D.r<ii.
whether on those old statutes enacted in the reigns
of Richard the Second and Henry the Fourth, or
on the branch of some other new statute to that
effect ; let them satisfy us how £eu* those hiws were
repealed in primo EUizabethig^ and how £eu* they still
stand in force, as, though not to (pretended) Lol*
lardism, yet to blasphemy; let them examine the
judgment of the learned Fitzherbert ^ whether
sound in his assertion, ^that heretics, before the
^ writ of their burning be issued out against them,
^ must first be convicted of heresy before a provin-
'' cial convocation ;" whilst others affirm, that they
being convicted before their ordinary sufficeth, pro-
vide<l it be for such opinions which conyocation
have formerly condemned for heretical.
12. To Smithfield he was breught to be burned.
See here it is neither the pain nor the places bat
only the cause makes a martyr. In this veiy Smith-
field how many saints, in the Marian days, saflbred
for the testimony of Jesus Christ ! Whereas now
one therein dieth in his own blood for denying him.
Vast was the conflux of people about him. Notw
did a scare-fire at midnight summon more hands to
quench it, than this at noon-day did eyes to behold
it. At last, refusing all merey, he was burned to
ashes. And so we leave him, the first that for a
long time suffered death in that manner; and O
that lie might be the last to deserve it !
13. In the next month Edward Wightman, ofwi
Burton-upon-Trent, convicted before Richard Neale»
^ De Ntttuni Brcvium, f. 269. a. [ed. iSSSO
Be4
A.i>. 1611. bishop of Covc*iitry and Lichfield, wiis burned at
9 . Mne*-_ Lichfield for far worse opiuioiiH (if wot^* iiiijirbt be)
than Lef^to maintained. Mary Magdalen, indeed*
wa8 once jM>ssi*ssed witli seven devils ; but ten seve-
ral heresies were laid to Wightnian*8 charge, vii.
thosi^ of Kbion, C'erinthus, Valentinian, Arius, !^lft-
eedonius, Simon Majifus, Manes, Manicba*UK« Pho-
tinus, and of the aiialiaptists >'. Lonl ! what are ue
when (iod leaver us ^ Did ever man maintain one
heresy, and but one lu^resy ? Chains of darknes^^ \
we see, have their links, and em^rs are complicated
tojrether.
Thetumw 14. (Sod uiav seem well pleased with this si^asiM]-
rity. able seventy, for the hre thus knidknl (|uickly weut
out for want of fuel : I mean there M'as none ever
after that opeidy avowe<l these heretical dootriiieiiL
only a Spanish Ariaii, who, condennied to die, wa«
notwithstanding suffered to linger out his life in
Newgate, where he ended the same. Indeed, »urh
burning of hen*tics much startlinl common people.
pitying all in pniii, and prone to aspen«e justice it«elf
with crueltv, becausi' of the noveltv and hideousnew
of the punishment ; and the purblind eyes of vulgar
judgments loi»ked only on what was next to them,
the sulVering itsi-lf, which they In^held with coiDpa^-
sion. not minding the denu^rit of the guilt which
deservtMl the s:inie. Bi^sides, such I)cing aiialde to
distinguish U'twixt constancy and olwtinacy. were
r(*ady tn entertain g<MMl thcuights even (»f the opiniuiin
of those hen*ti(*s. who M^aleti them so nmnfullv with
I' S» ii-i-kiMii'd ii|» in tin- S<hiuts" Trarl;*. II 405.]
warrant fur In* tin mi 111;. [Sfi* •! Jiiclr ^».
< K ST. XVII. ft/ Britain . 485
tlu»ir blood. Wherefore king James j>oIiticly pre-A.i). 1611.
ferred, that heretics hereafter, though condemned, J!L_!!!!!!L
stiould silently and privately waste themselves away
in the prison, rather than to grace them and amuso
others with the solemnity of a public execution,
w hieh in |N)pular Judgments usuqKMl the honour of
a persecution.
15. I find no eminent divine or scholar deceased The dmUi
in this yi^ar; only one, whose bounty made many ofs«itt(«,
l)oth kinds, ended his life, namely, Richard button, ,JI[['^^[,out
the Phoenix of our age, and scde founder of Charter '^'"*^
House Hospital, esfj., l)oni of genteel parentage at
Kiiaith in Lincolnshire: in his youth bred a scddier,
gjiining both w(>alth and credit by his valour, but
afterwards enibnu'ing a more }>eac(*able profession of
a in4*rchant. This his foundation he calknl the hos-
pital of king James, all discrei^t subjects having
lf*ani(Ml this lesson from |N)litic Joab calling Rabbah
after the name of king David ^ to entitle their sove-
Tv\)r\\ to the honour of their achievements which are
of extraordinary proportion. Childn»n not yet ccmie
to, an<l old men already past, helping of themselves,
li:iv<* ill this hospital their souls and bo<lie8 pn>vide<l
for. The latter must Ik» decaye«l gentlemen, the
most pn^KT objiM'ts of charity, as whose ingenious
spirits an* most s^^nsible of want, and most unable
10 proviile for themselv<»s.
1(). It is utterlv inipn>bable that it will everTht^md
roine within the comiiaHs of my power to found lotucinff
aiiv place for pious uses ; all when»in my wc«k
al)ility can t^xpress its forwanlneNH, is to honour the
rliarity of others, and for the present alphalx*tic*ally
^ I Sttiii. xii. aK.
4^ The Church HUiory book x.
A. 1) 1611. to methodize the manors which master Sutton in
9 jani«i. ggy^j,^] counties settled for the maintenance of thii
his hospital :
i. Balsham Manor, in Cambridgeshire.
ii. Bassingtlior)>e Manor, in Lincolnsliire.
iii. Black Grove Manor, in Wiltshire.
iv. Broad Ilinton Land, in Wiltshire.
V. Castle C'anip Manor, in Cambridgeshire.
vi. Chilton Mant)r, in Wiltshire.
vii. Dunsbv Manor, in Lincolnshire.
viii. KIconibe Manor and Park, in Wiltshire.
ix. Hackney Land, Middlesex.
X. Ilallingbury-Bouchers Manor, in Elssex.
xi. Missinden Manor, in Wiltshire.
xii. Much Stanbridge Manor, in Elssex.
xiii. Norton Manor, in Kssex.
xiv. SalthorjH} Manor, in Wiltshire.
XV. South Minster Manor, in Essex.
xvi. Tottenham Ijand, in Middlesex.
xvii. rttbrd Manor, in Wiltshire.
xviii. Watelescote Manor, in Wiltshire.
xix. Westcot Manor, in Wiltshire.
XX. Wn>ughton Manor, in Wiltshire.
Si*<* hero th(' most liln'ral endo^mient made br
one man. Mav it most tnilv be said of our London
mrn*liants, as of those of Tvre, whme merckamtM Mrt
prinvrs ".
Tbr .rt^iiim 17. But iio Work so virtuous which some na-
hi![^t|."V lirious si»irits will not en<leavour to disgrace. One
*"*^*' who writrtli liinisi»If J. II., but generally conoeiTrd
to Ik' Mr. Knott, tlu* .Irsuit, in his answer to l>r.
* Isa. xxiii. 8.
TEMT. XVII. qfBriimn. 4K7
Potter'8 book of "^ Charity Mistaken S** lets fly asA.D.i6ii.
followeth :
** Do your hospitals deserve so much as to be
^* named ? Have you any thing of that kind in
** effect of particular note, saving the few mean
** nurseries of idle beggars and debauched people?
'^ Kxeept, perhaps, Sutton's hospital, which (as I
*^ have been informed) was to take no profit till he
** was dead — he who (as I have also understood)
^^ died so without any children, or brothers or sis-
*' ters, or known kindred, as that (peradventure) it
** might have escheated to the king — he who lived
** a wretchiHl and penurious life, and drew that mass
^ of wealth together by usury ; in which case, ao»
** ronling to good conscience, his estate, without
** asking him leave, was by the law of Ood obnoxious
** to restitution, and ought to have been applied to
*"• pious uses. Whereas anciently in this countiy,
'* and at all times, and specially in this last age,
'' nu*n set* abundance of heroical actions of this kind
'* |K>rfonned in foreign parts. And if it were not
*' for fear of noting many other great cities, as if
*' there were any want of most munificent hospitals
'* ill thenn wherein they abound, I could tell yon of
*" one* ca!le<l the Annunciata, in the city of Naples,
" wliirh H|»end8 three hundred thousand crowns per
** annuHK which conies to above fourscore thousand
'* ]N)un<l8 etteriing by the year; which ever feeds and
'* rurt^s a thousand sick |>er8on8, and pays for the
*' nursing and entertaining of three thousand sucking
** cliildren of |N»or jieople, and hath fourteen other
** distinet luwpitals under it, where the persons of
( s pMt, I cb^ t psmg.
44
hi
428 T/ie Church Hhtory book x.
A. n. i6ii.^* those poor creatures are kept, and where they
-" defrayed of all their necessary char^^ every
*' I could also tell you of an hospital in Rome,
called St. Spirito, of huge revenues ; but it is not
my meaning to enter into particulars, whicli would
*• prove endless."
nisfNiiitic 18. Before we come to the particular examination
hisnirrac of this his accusatiou, it IS observable how many
"**•* qualificatives, correctives, and restrictives (*')>erhap«.''
" as I have been infonned," " as I have also under-
" stood," ** jwradventure") he inserteth in this bi^
relation. Indeed such (|ualifications are better than
equivocations; yet what some may impute to nnv
tlesty is his policy, if well considered ; for if any
protestant confute what he hath written, this accuser
will take sanctuary un<Ier the protection of tho«e
restrictions, defending himself that he delivered
nothing positively ; whilst ignorant impists of his
own |>rofes8ion. not heeding his doubting limitations^
swallow all down for dogmatical truth.
Afiiii»«*rii to 19. Mori» particularly the refonnetl religion in
c^il* Kngland hath Invn the mother of many brave foun-
dations, many famous hospitals : as that at Warwick.
built bv the earl of Leicester; Crovdon, bv arch-
bishop Whitgift; (luildfonl, by archbishop Abbot —
not to speak of C*hrist Church and St. Thomas's
Hospital, built by king Kdwanl the Sixth; though
iioiK* of them have* thrived and battknl so fast and
Ml fnirlv as this of SuttonV foundation. Wliems
III' rhargt'th liiin to hnvr had no children, it \b con-
fesM'd, M*('ing he di4*d a Imchrlor ; whose life; had
he Inhmi of tlirir opiiiiciiK had Imh'U cried up for a
pnvious pi«*4-(* of \irginity. That he had no known
TENT. xvii. of Britnin. AStQ
kindred, is false*; some of them afterwards, but inA. D.1611.
vain, endeavourinpf to overthrow his will; though he - — ^
made the poor to he his mother, and sister, and
l)n)ther. As for his getting wealth by unlawful
ways, I am not to justify the particular circumstances
of any manV actions. Should a secret scrutiny be
made, how all founders of monasteries first came by
thiMr wealth, many would be found justly obnoxious
to censure.
20. In<kHMl our Sutton ))egan with a good stock, Mr. Snt-
had no charge to bunlen him, lived to Ix* very age<l,iunt
(seventy-nine years,) and, by (Jod's blessing on his'*'*^*
providence, industrv*, and thrift, advanced the main
of his Instate. This I can confidently rejmrt from
the mcaith of a cn^dible witness, who heard it hini-
Kcdf, and told it to me, that master Sutton used
ofttMi to repair into a private garden, where he
jKiun'd forth his prayers to (io<l, and, amongst other
passjiges, wjis frecpiently overheard to use this ex-
pression : '* Ijord, thou hast given me a large and
" lilMT.il estate; give me also a heart to make use
•' therc»of r which at last was granted to him acconl-
ingly.
21. As for the overen^wn hospitAl of the Annun-s«>tt«'i
ciata at Naples, we envy not the w*ealtb thereof, hmrei-
though reports at such distance lose nothing in theAnnun-
relation ; nor do we wonder that it cureth yearly a
thousiuid sick |K'rs<»ns, considering what disease first
came from Naples, and was thenee denominated.
As for the thret» thousand children nurse<l therein,
it is to he f([\irefl many wanted fathers to own them;
and this not so much the fmit of charitv as of w*an-
tonne^«i However, that hospital hath at several
times lxM*n advanced by a college of bene&ctors;
iSO The Church HiMiorii book x.
A. n. lAii.whereas Suttoir&i iimy stmid |)eorle88 in tliis reiipert
9 Jttinw^ ^1^,^^ j^ ^^,^^ tbiiiKlcMl, fiiiinhcd, and cndowi»«l by him-
self alone, disbursing 13000/. " (|»aid down lx*forp the
ensealing of the conveyance) for the ground whereon
it stoo<1, with some other appurtenanceSt be^idet
6000/. ex|>ende<l in the building thereof, aiid that
vast yearly endowment, whereof heretofore. We
mention not the large sums bequeathcnl by liim to
l)Oor, to prisons, to colleges to mending highwajm,
to the chanilxT of London, besides twenty thoumnd
pounds left to the discretion of his executors. What
reniaineth but that we pray that according to his
])ious intentions the same may he continued to the
glory of (lod, credit of the protestant religioUp com-
fort to the poor. goo<I example to the rich, and per-
petual memory of king James the houorarr, and
Mr. Sutton the effectual, founder thereof — that X\m
sun amongst the h'sser lights of protectant cliaritie»
may shine on earth as long a^^ the sun (that faithful
witness) endureth in heaven ? being more confident
that my desire herein will take effect, considering
the honourable governors of this hospital are |)erM»ns
S4) good thry will not abuse it themselves, and 9o
gn»at they will not suffer it to be abused by othera.
ThpHi*iii oo, Kngland, at this time en jo ving abundance of
fifprinci |K*ace, pl(*ntv, and prosperitv, in full speed of her
happiness, was <*luH*ked on a sudden with the nd
n(*ws (»f the death of prince Henry, in the rafpe of a
malicious cxtniordinary burning fever. lie «i«
gcnenilly lanicnttMl of the whole land, l>oth univer-
hiti(*s publishing tlnMr verses in print ; and give me
icavf to rt*in«'inbcr four made by Giles Fletcher, of
«* Stiiu-'M Survey «»f I^mdoii, p. 478.
CENT. XVII. of Britain. 481
Trinity College in Cambridge, on this princess plain
grave, because wanting an inscription; and it will—
be honour enough to me if I can make thereof a
translation :
Si napU^ aiianiituf Macro decede seputchrot
Nee cineri qu4B tuni nominal qumre navo^
Prudent ceiavii sculptor, tuim quuque reseiviif
ProtinuM in lachrymoM solvitur, et mariiur.
44
if wisci atnaz'd depart this holy grave,
Nor theiie new ashes ask what names they have ;
The graver in concealing them was wise.
For whoso knows straight melts in tears and di
Give me leave to add one more, imtranalatable
for its elegancy and expressiveness ' :
Ulteriora iimens cum morie paciMciiur orftw 7.
And thus we take our leave of the memory of to
worthy a prince, never heard by any alive to swear
an oath, for which archbishop Abbot commended
him in his funeral sermon ; the prince being wont to
say, ^ that he knew no. game or value to be won or
*' lost that could be worth an oath.**
SS. One generation goeth and another generatum^
cometK ffut the earth remaineth for ever. The stage NMa
standH, the actors alter. Prince Henry*s funerab
are followed with the prince Pdatine*s nuptials^
soU*tnniziHl with great state, in hopes of happiness
to lN)th fiersons, though sad in the event